CN101698923B - Steel shot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Steel shot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101698923B CN101698923B CN200910196787A CN200910196787A CN101698923B CN 101698923 B CN101698923 B CN 101698923B CN 200910196787 A CN200910196787 A CN 200910196787A CN 200910196787 A CN200910196787 A CN 200910196787A CN 101698923 B CN101698923 B CN 101698923B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel shot which is characterized in that: the steel shot comprises the following ingredients by weight percentage: 0.43-0.50 percent of carbon, 0.50-0.65 percent of manganese, 0.2-0.3 percent of silicon, 0.01-0.02 percent of sulphur and 0.01-0.02 percent of phosphor, and ferrum is complemented to 100 percent by weight percentage; the invention further provides a steel shot preparation method; the invention overcomes the disadvantages that the existing steel shot has short service life, large hardness deviation and low shock resistance and provides a steel shot which has good durability and longer service life compared with the prior art; the steel shot has high element proportion consistency, high density, small hardness deviation, good particle size consistency and moderate surface intensity and is particularly suitable for surface treatment of high-end workpieces; the steel shot has no hollow phenomenon and hidden cracks on surface and has good consistency on surface shape.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal product and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of shot and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's production at present and products such as cleaning cast steel ball that uses or cleaning shot, its production technique mainly contains two kinds: the one, after dissolving the refining steel scrap, certain other composition of adding atomizes molten steel or the centrifugation granulation again; The 2nd, reclaim social waste steel wire (in mining machinery, oil field equipment and the junked tire), carry out segment.By the shot of this dual mode gained, its major defect is that element ratio is wayward, and the hardness deviation is big.Simultaneously, the density of shot, surface shape deviation are also very big, and this type shot also is easy to generate phenomenons such as hollow and crizzle.Therefore this type shot product is in the ball blast process, and shock-resistance and rub resistance are low, and broken easily, work-ing life is short.During especially for the impeller blasting of middle low strength steel; As when being used for industry metal finishing such as casting, automobile component, shipbuilding, gearing, iron and steel; Shortcoming is particularly outstanding, can't satisfy cleaning workpiece surface oxide layer, improve processing requirements such as workpiece surface degree of cleaning and roughness.
Disclose a kind of reinforced steel shot among patent CN 101337338 A, test data fatigue lifetime of its 0.4 millimeter～1.2 millimeters shot is 3000～4900 commentaries on classics.
Summary of the invention
Defectives such as technical problem to be solved by this invention is to have overcome existing shot weak point in work-ing life, the hardness deviation is big, shock-resistance is low; Provide that a kind of wear resistance is good, long service life, surface strength is low, the hardness deviation is little, the particle size consistence high, and is applicable to shot of high-end workpiece surface cleaning and preparation method thereof.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above through following technical proposals:
Shot of the present invention comprises following component: carbon 0.43-0.50%, and manganese 0.50-0.65%, silicon 0.2-0.3%, sulphur 0.01-0.02% and phosphorus 0.01-0.02%, iron is supplied weight percent to 100%.
In the present invention's one preferred embodiment, described shot is made up of following component: carbon 0.43-0.50%, and manganese 0.50-0.65%, silicon 0.2-0.3%, sulphur 0.01-0.02% and phosphorus 0.01-0.02%, surplus is an iron.
According to this area general knowledge, contain impurity in the shot of the present invention inevitably.
Vickers (HV) average hardness of measuring under the described shot load is essentially 450 ± 50HV.
Described shot hardness deviation range is essentially ± 40HV.
The minimum density of described shot restrains basically >=7.8/and every cubic centimetre.
The particle size deviation of described shot is essentially ± and 0.02 millimeter.
Described shot generally can be cylindrical-CW; Ellipse-G1; Torispherical-G2 or sphere-G3.
Shot of the present invention is mainly used in the ball blast (Blasting) of metal finishing, is particularly useful for the cleaning of metallic surface, for example removes the zone of oxidation of metallic surface etc.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of said shot, and it comprises following process step:
(1) steel that component is consistent with shot of the present invention, cold drawing, pickling, thermal treatment, wire drawing, cutting;
(2) screening promptly gets; Or through surperficial rounding reinforcement, screening, the shape choosing promptly gets.
Wherein, the steel that described component is consistent with shot of the present invention comprise following component: carbon 0.43-0.50%, and manganese 0.50-0.65%, silicon 0.2-0.3%, sulphur 0.01-0.02% and phosphorus 0.01-0.02%, iron is supplied weight percent to 100%.Preferably, the steel that described component is consistent with shot of the present invention are made up of following component: carbon 0.43-0.50%, and manganese 0.50-0.65%, silicon 0.2-0.3%, sulphur 0.01-0.02% and phosphorus 0.01-0.02%, surplus is an iron; Per-cent is weight percentage.
What wherein, described steel were preferable is through cold rolling or hot rolled wire rod or wire rod.
Wherein, described cold drawing is carried out with reference to the conventional cold drawing method in this area, preferably repeats the 3-5 road.
Wherein, described pickling is carried out with reference to the conventional acid washing method in this area.
Wherein, described thermal treatment is carried out with reference to the conventional heat treating method in this area, and preferable is vacuum isothermal annealing thermal treatment, thereby the intensity of reduction wire rod or wire rod is unlikely to fracture of wire in drawing process.
Wherein, described wire drawing is carried out with reference to the conventional drawing process in this area, preferably is according to the product specification requirement, passes through the cold drawing in 5-15 road again, pulls into the steel wire of size between the 0.3-2.0 millimeter.
Wherein, described cutting is carried out with reference to the conventional cutting method in this area, preferably steel wire is cut into the right cylinder consistent with diameter.
Wherein, described surperficial rounding is strengthened the surperficial rounding enhancement method that adopts this area conventional, with the rounding strengthening device to right cylinder segment clash into rounding and surface hardness improved, reach the reinforcement result of raising hardness.
Wherein, the conventional shape choosing method in this area is adopted in described shape choosing, uses the shape optional equipment, and the shot after the screening is carried out the selection of shape.
Wherein, described screening preferably according to the dimensions requirement of said shot, is carried out 2-3 screening with reference to the conventional method for sieving in this area.
Preferably, the shot that makes in the above-mentioned steps is detected back packing warehouse-in.
Wherein, described detection is generally one or more in detecting hardness, density and fatigue lifetime.
Among the present invention, but above-mentioned optimum condition arbitrary combination promptly gets each preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Raw material of the present invention and reagent are all commercially available to be got.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:
1, shot of the present invention has good weather resistance, and work-ing life is apparently higher than prior art 12.5-100%.
2, shot employing elementary composition ratio of the present invention cold rolling or hot rolling wire or the wire rod consistent with shot is that raw material production forms; Therefore the element ratio consistence of shot is high, density is high, the hardness deviation ratio is less, particle size high conformity, surface strength are moderate, is specially adapted to the surface treatment of high-end workpiece.
3, the shot that obtains through preparing method's production of the present invention can not occur hollow, and surface or recessive seminess, the surface shape high conformity.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention with embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited.
Shot of the present invention can be divided into four types according to shape:
Cylindrical-CW; Ellipse-G1; Torispherical-G2; Sphere-G3.
The method of sieving among the following embodiment is tested shot 1000 grams for the balance that is not less than 0.1 gram with weighing precision weighs up, and are placed on then and sieve in the first layer screen cloth, collect and remain in the shot on the screen cloth, and poidometer is calculated the per-cent that accounts for the gross sample quality; And then the shot that the first layer screen cloth passes through is put into second layer screen cloth sieve, to collect and remain in the shot on the second layer screen cloth, poidometer is calculated the per-cent that accounts for the gross sample quality; And then the shot that second layer screen cloth passes through is put into the 3rd layer of screen cloth sieve, to collect and remain in the 3rd layer of shot on the screen cloth, poidometer is calculated the per-cent that accounts for the gross sample quality; Collect the 3rd layer of shot that passes through at last, poidometer is calculated the per-cent that accounts for the gross sample quality, promptly draws the distribution of sizes ratio.Whole test process can be placed on the last property testing of three sieve eclipsed vibratory screening apparatuss.
(1) the first layer screen cloth: mesh size is specified size+0.1 millimeter of shot;
(2) second layer screen cloth: mesh size is the specified size of shot, i.e. specified size ± 0.0 millimeter;
(3) the 3rd layers of screen cloth: mesh size is the specified size-0.1 millimeter of shot;
(4) pill amplifies 25 times of range estimations, removes the irregular product of surface shape, disqualification rate≤0.3%.
For example: the shot distribution of sizes ratio of measuring specified size and be 1.0 millimeters is with three of standard screen clothes, and the first layer mesh size is 1.1 millimeters, and second layer mesh size is 1.0 millimeters, and the 3rd layer of mesh size is 0.9 millimeter, and the atresia container is put in the bottom.
The residual rate of first, second and third layer screen cloth and the testing method of percent of pass are:
The residual rate of X sieve: after the screening of X screen cloth, stay the per-cent that residual volume on the X screen cloth accounts for the gross sample quality.
Last percent of pass: after three layers of screen cloth screening, the residual volume that is gone down by screening at last accounts for the per-cent of gross sample quality.
The method that hardness detects is: get 50 shots at random, carry out the cold sample preparation piece of inlaying, be milled to 1/3rd places of shot nominal diameter then with the grinding and polishing machine; Polishing then, polished surface be with 3% nital wiping, chooses from the polished surface of handling well and be not less than 20 shots; According to its Vickers' hardness of GB/T4340.1-1999 standard testing; 0.3 millimeter of diameter and following shot load are 4.9035N (HV0.5), and the shot load of 0.4-2.0 millimeter is 9.807N (HV1), and each shot detects once; Get the arithmetic mean value after 20 hardness value additions, and its any test value must be in the durometer level of regulation.
Method for testing fatigue life:
Data fatigue lifetime among all embodiment of the present invention have all adopted art-recognized, and the test of authority's method obtains the most.
Concrete testing method is: randomly draw 220 gram shots, from 220 grams, take out 100 gram shots again, 100 gram shots are all put into the Ervin trier test.Per 500 circles of Ervin trier are a circulation.Filter out shot and dust with standard sieve after each round-robin test less than mesh size; Replenish the shot weight of its loss with subsequent use shot; And the like continue round-robin test, the shot weight of in last circulation, losing accumulative total reaches and surpasses 100 grams, stops to test; The shot weight of recording loss and accumulating losses weight calculate number of turns fatigue lifetime (stagnation point fatigue lifetime) that the test number of turns is shot.Wherein, the mesh size of standard sieve is selected according to shot abrasive material size, and choice criteria is as described in Table 1.For example, when shot is of a size of 0.4mm-0.3mm, and hardness is when being 400-500HV, and selecting the mesh diameter for use is the standard sieve of 0.18mm; When shot was of a size of 2.0mm-1.0mm, selecting the mesh diameter for use was the standard sieve of 0.43mm.
Table 1 touchstone
| Shot abrasive material size | HV/HRC hardness | Each test run number of times | Mesh size |
| 2.0mm-1.0mm | 400-500HV/40-50HRC | 500 | 0.0165 inch/0.43mm |
| 0.9mm-0.5mm | 400-500HV/40-50HRC | 500 | 0.0117 inch/0.3mm |
| 0.4mm-0.3mm | 400-500HV/40-50HRC | 500 | 0.0070 inch/0.18mm |
Fatigue lifetime, the concrete calculation formula of the number of turns was:
Fatigue lifetime the number of turns=total degree-number of times/last the bodies lost weight of test run (each) (accumulating losses weight-100 gram).The number of times that recycles is high more, shows that work-ing life is long more.
Illustrate: a certain shot is carried out test fatigue lifetime, behind each circulation 500 circles, write down the bodies lost weight and the accumulating losses weight of this time respectively.With table 2 is example, and accumulating losses weight has surpassed 100 grams when shot accumulative total is recycled to 3000 circles, then stops test.Because last 500 circle bodies lost weight are 17.6 grams, so be its work-ing life: 3000-(500/17.6) (104.5-100)=2872 time recycles the life-span.
Table 2
| Cumulative frequency | Bodies lost weight (gram) | Accumulating losses weight (gram) |
| 500 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| 1,000 | 16.9 | 23.9 |
| 1,500 | 21.5 | 45.4 |
| 2,000 | 21.9 | 67.3 |
| 2,500 | 19.6 | 86.9 |
| 3,000 | 17.6 | 104.5 |
The method that the surface rounding is strengthened is: the initial velocity impelling of right cylinder segment with the 70-100 meter per second gone out, through the distance back percussion device backplate of 0.3-0.5 rice, strengthen shape and hardness according to the difference control of clashing into enhanced time repeatedly.
Strengthening the concrete time is: CW-0 minute; G1-30-50 minute; G2-50-80 minute; G3-80-100 minute.
Among following each embodiment except that other have explanation, described per-cent is all mass percent.
Embodiment 1
Raw material: the elemental composition ratio consists of carbon 0.43% by weight percentage in the wire rod, manganese 0.5%, and silicon 0.25%, sulphur 0.02% and 0.01%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The preparation method:
1, requires to select materials according to above-mentioned raw materials,, embathe and twice vacuum isothermal annealing thermal treatment, get process wire through weak sulfuric acid with wire rod cold drawing 3 roads;
2, wire drawing: pass through the cold drawn of 5-15 road, pull into the steel wire of different diameter between the 0.3-2.0 millimeter; Its durometer level is HV430 ± 50HV.
3, cutting: with filament cutter steel wire is cut into the right cylinder segment consistent with diameter, the shearing section requires smooth, no burr, does not have hangover.
4, screening: the specified size for different shots sieves.The specified size of screening is the 0.3-2 millimeter.
5, carrying out hardness, density and fatigue lifetime detects.
The components by weight of the columniform shot that makes thus is: carbon 0.43%, and manganese 0.5%, silicon 0.25%, sulphur 0.02% and phosphorus 0.01%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The distribution of sizes ratio data of shot is seen table 3, and the last percent of pass of shot is≤0.6%.The standard specified size scope of shot: 0.30-2.00 millimeter.The hardness level and the durometer level of shot are seen table 4, and performance data is seen table 5.
Table 3
Table 4
| Shot grade (0.3mm-2.0mm) | Standard hardness | The hardness deviation |
| 450 grades | 450HV | HV400-500 |
Table 5
Visible by table 5, the inefficacy of shot of the present invention has compared with prior art improved 12.5～96% fatigue lifetime at least, and be significantly improved work-ing life; The size deviation of shot, hardness deviation are all very little.Amplify observation through naked eyes or microscope, the shot surface that makes among the embodiment 1 does not have seminess, and surface shape difference is little.The shot that the back confirmation of weighing makes all is solid, does not have hollow phenomenon.
Embodiment 2
Raw material: the elemental composition ratio consists of carbon 0.50% by weight percentage in the wire rod, manganese 0.55%, and silicon 0.3%, sulphur 0.015% and phosphorus 0.02%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The preparation method:
1, requires to select materials according to above-mentioned raw materials,, embathe and twice vacuum isothermal annealing thermal treatment, get process wire through weak sulfuric acid with wire rod cold drawing 5 roads;
2, wire drawing: pass through the cold drawn of 5-15 road, pull into the steel wire of different diameter between the 0.3-2.0 millimeter; Its durometer level is HV430 ± 50HV.
3, cutting: with filament cutter steel wire is cut into the right cylinder segment consistent with diameter, the shearing section requires smooth, no burr, does not have hangover.
4, surperficial rounding is strengthened the back screening: the specified size for different shots sieves.The specified size of screening is the 0.3-2.0 millimeter.
5, carry out hardness, density and fatigue lifetime after the shape choosing and detect, the packing warehouse-in.
Make the shot of CW, G1, G2 and four kinds of shapes of G3 thus.The components by weight of shot is: carbon 0.50%, and manganese 0.55%, silicon 0.3%, sulphur 0.015% and phosphorus 0.02%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The distribution of sizes ratio data of shot is seen table 6, and the last percent of pass of shot is: CW≤0.6%, G1≤0.5%, G2≤0.5%, G3≤0.5%.The standard specified size scope of shot: 0.30-2.00 millimeter.The hardness level and the durometer level of shot are seen table 7, and performance data is seen table 8.
Table 6
Table 7
Table 8
Visible by table 8, the inefficacy of shot of the present invention has compared with prior art improved 12.5～98% fatigue lifetime, and be significantly improved work-ing life; The size deviation of shot, hardness deviation are all very little.Amplify observation through naked eyes or microscope, the shot surface that makes among the embodiment 2 does not have seminess, and surface shape difference is little.The shot that the back confirmation of weighing makes all is solid, does not have hollow phenomenon.
Embodiment 3
Raw material: the elemental composition ratio consists of carbon 0.48% by weight percentage in the wire rod, manganese 0.65%, and silicon 0.2%, sulphur 0.01% and phosphorus 0.015%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The preparation method is with embodiment 2.
The components by weight of the shot that makes thus is: carbon 0.48%, and manganese 0.65%, silicon 0.2%, sulphur 0.01% and phosphorus 0.015%, iron is supplied mass percent to 100%.
The distribution of sizes ratio data of shot is with table 6, and the last percent of pass of shot is: CW≤0.6%, G1≤0.5%, G2≤0.5%, G3≤0.5%.The standard specified size scope of shot: 0.30-2.00 millimeter.The hardness level of shot and durometer level are with table 7, and performance data is seen table 9.
Table 9
Visible by table 9, at least improved 15～100% than prior art the work-ing life of shot of the present invention, and be significantly improved work-ing life; The size deviation of shot, hardness deviation are all very little.Amplify observation through naked eyes or microscope, the shot surface that makes among the embodiment 3 does not have seminess, and surface shape difference is little.The shot that the back confirmation of weighing makes all is solid, does not have hollow phenomenon.
Claims (9)
1. shot, it is characterized in that: described shot is made up of following component: carbon 0.43-0.50%, manganese 0.50-0.65%, silicon 0.2-0.3%, sulphur 0.01-0.02% and phosphorus 0.01-0.02%, surplus is an iron; Per-cent is weight percentage; Said shot prepares by following step: the steel that (1) is consistent with said shot with component, cold drawing, pickling, thermal treatment, wire drawing, cutting; (2) screening promptly gets; Or through surperficial rounding reinforcement, screening, the shape choosing promptly gets.
2. shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the Vickers average hardness of described shot is 450HV ± 50HV.
3. shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the hardness deviation range of described shot is ± 40HV.
4. shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the minimum density of described shot is >=7.8 gram/cubic centimetres.
5. shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle size deviation of described shot is ± 0.02 millimeter.
6. the preparation method of the described shot of claim 1, it comprises following process step: the steel that (1) is consistent with the shot in the claim 1 with component, cold drawing, pickling, thermal treatment, wire drawing, cutting;
(2) screening promptly gets; Or through surperficial rounding reinforcement, screening, the shape choosing promptly gets.
7. the preparation method of shot as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described steel are for through cold rolling or hot rolled wire rod or wire rod; Described cold drawing repeats the 3-5 road; Described thermal treatment is vacuum isothermal annealing thermal treatment; Described wire drawing pulls into the steel wire of size between the 0.3-2.0 millimeter for passing through the cold drawing in 5-15 road again; Described being cut into cuts into the right cylinder consistent with diameter with steel wire; The number of times of described screening is 2-3 time.
8. like the preparation method of claim 6 or 7 described shots, it is characterized in that: the shot that obtains in the step (2) is detected back packing warehouse-in.
9. the preparation method of shot as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described detection is one or more in detecting hardness, density and fatigue lifetime.
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| CN200910196787A CN101698923B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Steel shot and preparation method thereof |
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| CN200910196787A CN101698923B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Steel shot and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101698923A CN101698923A (en) | 2010-04-28 |
| CN101698923B true CN101698923B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104550307B (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | 殷国忠 | Manufacturing method of high-density anti-oxidation red copper fibers |
| CN105220064A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-01-06 | 温州三联锻造有限公司 | A kind of automobile eight-speed transmissions case gear forgings and forging method thereof |
| CN105543651B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-11-17 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to manufacture hydropower generator rotating shaft, the forging steel molten steel of hinge and its smelting process |
| CN106636912A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-05-10 | 昆山新浦瑞金属材料有限公司 | High-hardness strengthened steel shot and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107815595A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 江苏奥力斯特科技有限公司 | A kind of alloy balls for walking wheel of coal cutter surface peening |
| DE102019112791B3 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-06-18 | Netzsch Trockenmahltechnik Gmbh | GRINDING DEVICE FOR ROUNDING PARTICLES |
| CN114131515A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-04 | 山西柴油机工业有限责任公司 | Shot blasting medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101337338A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-01-07 | 大丰市大奇金属磨料有限公司 | Strengthened steel pill |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101337338A (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-01-07 | 大丰市大奇金属磨料有限公司 | Strengthened steel pill |
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Address after: The town of Kunshan City Zhou Ni Jia Bang Road Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215300 No. 858 room 3 Patentee after: KUNSHAN SPRING METAL MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Address before: Shipai Town Development Zone in Jiangsu Province, Kunshan City, 215300 New Road No. 168 Patentee before: KUNSHAN SPRING METAL MATERIALS CO.,LTD. |
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Granted publication date: 20120829 |