CN101694885A - Flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte - Google Patents
Flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN101694885A CN101694885A CN200910232932A CN200910232932A CN101694885A CN 101694885 A CN101694885 A CN 101694885A CN 200910232932 A CN200910232932 A CN 200910232932A CN 200910232932 A CN200910232932 A CN 200910232932A CN 101694885 A CN101694885 A CN 101694885A
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- electrolyte
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- ion battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte with functions of flame retardance and even incombustibly. The electrolyte contains ethylene diphthalimide derivative used as additive, the structural formula of the ethylene diphthalimide derivative is as follows: in the structural formula, R is halogen, alkyl, a phenyl group, a biphenylyl group, a phenylate group, a haloalkane group, a halogeno benzene group and a halogenated biphenyl group, wherein the halogen is F, C1 or Br, and halogenating is primary, disubstituted or trisubstituted. Through adding the flame-retardant additive in the lithium ion battery electrolyte, flame-retardant property of the electrolyte can be increased greatly, and further the flame-retardant additive seldom affects other properties of lithium ion batteries such as capacity, circulation properties and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lithium-ion electrolyte in the lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery obtained great development, and had become one of main power supply of communication class electronic product owing to have advantages such as high-energy-density, high voltage, volume are little, in light weight in nearly ten years.Yet, the electrolyte of lithium ion battery is made up of inflammable organic solvent and lithium salts at present, and because battery can be emitted a large amount of heats in use, make these organic solvents and steam thereof catch fire easily initiation fire even blast, the safety problem that directly causes lithium ion battery has influenced being extensive use of of lithium ion battery.Though researchers are installed safety valve additional on battery, these attachment devices have increased the complexity and the production cost of battery, can not thoroughly solve the battery security problem.Therefore; be necessary to set up a kind of safety protecting mechanism of inherence; and in electrolyte, add pointed strong, the characteristics that consumption is few of functional additive, and do not increasing or do not increasing the battery cost substantially, do not change under the situation of production technology, some macro property of battery can significantly be improved.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: will provide a kind of and have fire-retardant even the flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte of combustion function not fully.
For addressing the above problem, main technical principle of the present invention is: use the flame-retardant additive of the two phthalimide derivatives of ethylene as lithium-ion battery electrolytes, to prepare fire-retardant even complete incombustible electrolyte.
The concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: containing the two phthalimide derivatives of ethylene in described electrolyte is additive, and the structural formula of the two phthalimide derivatives of described ethylene is as follows:
In the following formula, R is halogen, alkyl, phenyl, xenyl, phenylate base, haloalkyl, halogenophenyl, halogenated biphenyl base, and wherein: halogen is F, Cl or Br, and halo is that a replacement, two replaces or three replacements.
The addition of additive is 0%～20% of a lithium-ion electrolyte quality in the described lithium-ion battery electrolytes, but is not 0; More preferably 1%～5%.
In actual production, can select ethylene carbonate (EC) for use, propene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), one or more in the methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) mix the solvent as lithium battery electrolytes, can be LiPF as the lithium salts of solute
6, LiBF
4, LiClO
4, LiPF
3(CF
2CF
3)
3, LiCF
3SO
3Deng in one or more mixture.
The present invention is to the evaluation of lithium battery electrolytes combustibility: adopt the method for self-extinguishing time test (SET) that the combustibility of electrolyte is estimated, concrete grammar is as follows: cut-off directly is the glass fibre cotton balls about 6mm, weigh, then cotton balls is immersed electrolyte, take out and weigh again.The difference of front and back cotton balls quality is the quality of electrolyte, then light this glass fibre cotton, record burning time is a self-extinguishing time, self-extinguishing time with unit mass electrolyte is a standard, estimate the combustibility of electrolyte, the combustibility of short more expression electrolyte of time is poor more, and the anti-flammability of additive is good more.
The present invention is to the evaluation of lithium battery electrolytes charge-discharge performance: the lithium-ion battery electrolytes that is disposed is injected in the aluminum-shell battery of 650mAh, voltage range carries out the charge and discharge cycles test at 2.75～4.2V under the 1C condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, adding flame-retardant additive, can improve the fire resistance of electrolyte greatly, and less to other performance such as the influences such as capacity, cycle performance of lithium battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the quality percentage composition of additive in the electrolyte prepared of embodiment one and the graph of a relation of self-extinguishing time.
Fig. 2 is the charge-discharge performance curve chart with the lithium ion battery of embodiment one gained electrolyte preparation, among the figure ● the lithium ion battery that expression electrolyte obtains for the A sample, ★ represents the lithium ion battery that electrolyte obtains for the D sample.
Fig. 3 is the quality percentage composition of additive in the electrolyte prepared of embodiment two and the graph of a relation of self-extinguishing time.
Fig. 4 is the charge-discharge performance curve chart with the lithium ion battery of embodiment two gained electrolyte preparation, among the figure ● the lithium ion battery that expression electrolyte obtains for the E sample, ★ represents the lithium ion battery that electrolyte obtains for the H sample.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but these embodiment do not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment one
Glove box (H at applying argon gas
2Prepare 4 parts of 100g lithium-ion battery electrolytes EC/EMC/DMC=1 among the O＜10ppm) respectively: 1: 1 (wt%) 1mol/L LiPF
6, be designated as A, B, C, D sample, in B, C, D sample, add mass percent then respectively and be 1,3,5 the two tetrabromo phthalimides of ethylene;
As shown in Figure 1, along with the increase of the quality percentage composition of additive, self-extinguishing time constantly descends, and proves that the anti-flammability of the two tetrabromo phthalimide additives of ethylene that are used for lithium-ion battery electrolytes is better.
Fig. 2 is the charge-discharge performance curve chart of the aluminum hull lithium battery of injection electrolyte A, D sample, and as seen from the figure, the adding of additive is to the cycle performance and the almost not influence of discharge capacity of lithium battery in the lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
Embodiment two
Glove box (H at applying argon gas
2Dispose 4 parts of 100g lithium-ion battery electrolytes EC/EMC/DMC=1 among the O＜10ppm) respectively: 1: 1 (wt%) 1mol/L LiPF
6, be designated as E, F, G, H sample, in F, G, H sample, add mass percent then respectively and be 1,3,5 the two tetrachloro methyl phthalimides of ethylene;
As shown in Figure 3, when the addition of additive when 0wt% rises to 5wt%, self-extinguishing time can drop to 39s/g from 88s/g, proves that the anti-flammability of the two tetrachloro methyl phthalimide additives of ethylene that are used for lithium-ion battery electrolytes is better.
Fig. 4 is the charge-discharge performance curve chart of the aluminum hull lithium battery of injection electrolyte E, H sample, and as seen from the figure, the adding of additive is to the cycle performance and the almost not influence of discharge capacity of lithium ion battery in the lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
Claims (3)
1. flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte is characterized in that: containing the two phthalimide derivatives of ethylene in described electrolyte is additive, and the structural formula of the two phthalimide derivatives of described ethylene is as follows:
In the following formula, R is halogen, alkyl, phenyl, xenyl, phenylate base, haloalkyl, halogenophenyl, halogenated biphenyl base, and wherein: halogen is F, Cl or Br, and halo is that a replacement, two replaces or three replacements.
2. flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the addition of additive is 0%～20% of a lithium-ion electrolyte quality in the electrolyte, but is not 0.
3. flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the addition of additive is 1%～5% of a lithium-ion electrolyte quality in the electrolyte.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910232932A CN101694885A (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910232932A CN101694885A (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101694885A true CN101694885A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200910232932A Pending CN101694885A (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Flame-retardant lithium ion battery electrolyte |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102516307A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Phosphazene flame retardant and preparation method thereof, as well as lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN105319317A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-02-10 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte flame retardant property testing arrangement |
| CN110212243A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 惠州市赛能电池有限公司 | A kind of nonaqueous electrolytic solution and its application in lithium battery |
-
2009
- 2009-09-23 CN CN200910232932A patent/CN101694885A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102516307A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Phosphazene flame retardant and preparation method thereof, as well as lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN102516307B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-04-15 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Phosphazene flame retardant and preparation method thereof, as well as lithium ion battery electrolyte |
| CN105319317A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-02-10 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte flame retardant property testing arrangement |
| CN105319317B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-07-18 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte flame retardant property testing arrangement |
| CN110212243A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 惠州市赛能电池有限公司 | A kind of nonaqueous electrolytic solution and its application in lithium battery |
| CN110212243B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-04-29 | 惠州市赛能电池有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte and application thereof in lithium battery |
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Open date: 20100414 |