CN101694208B - Wind power generation device - Google Patents

Wind power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101694208B
CN101694208B CN2009101527730A CN200910152773A CN101694208B CN 101694208 B CN101694208 B CN 101694208B CN 2009101527730 A CN2009101527730 A CN 2009101527730A CN 200910152773 A CN200910152773 A CN 200910152773A CN 101694208 B CN101694208 B CN 101694208B
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impeller
rotation
wind
covering
hollow shaft
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CN101694208A (en
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朱守仁
朱海宁
吕建伟
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power generation device formed by combining an impeller unit, a tower and a generation unit, wherein the impeller unit is installed on the top end of the tower; the generation unit is arranged on the bottom of the tower; the impeller unit comprises at least one impeller and a rotating body; the rotating body is internally provided with a revolution shaft which is horizontally arranged; one end of the impeller is connected with the revolution shaft by a hub body and can drive the revolution shaft to rotate; the impellers are uniformly distributed in a plane formed by the impellers according to the number of the impellers; the plane formed by the impellers is vertical to the revolution shaft; the impellers rotate under the action of wind power and drive the revolution shaft to rotate in the axial direction; revolution torque produced by the rotation of the revolution shaft is outputted to the generation unit arranged on the bottom of the tower by a transmission device to enable the generation unit to rotate and generate power; the outer profile of any impeller is a curve surface formed by the rotation of double curves around the shaft; the impellers are internally provided with rotation shafts vertical to the revolution shaft; the bottom ends of the rotation shafts are connected with driving devices for driving the impellers to rotate; any single impeller can rotate in the vertical plane by using the revolution shaft as the shaft; and therefore, the revolution shaft is driven to revolve.

Description

A kind of wind generating unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind generating unit, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of impeller and adopt the wind generating unit that revolves barrel structure.
Background technique
Be accompanied by the continuous progress of rapid economy development and science and technology, social life also sharply increases for the consumption and the demand of the energy.At present human widely used energy major part is still for being the fossil class energy of representative with coal, oil.Fossil class energy development so far, though its exploitation operation technique is very ripe, the problem of association can not be ignored too thereupon.At first, the fossil class energy is non-renewable resources, and it stores total amount must be an irreversible process that constantly reduces; Secondly, the fossil class energy in use can produce a large amount of pollutions, and the carbon dioxide that produces in the coal oil combustion process, sulfur dioxide and nitrilo compound can cause greenhouse effect and serious pollution.Therefore, people have obtained suitable attention and development to the demand of new energy and exploitation in the last few years.
In the new energy research that has use value at present, the development and utilization of wind energy belongs to relatively ripe and has the technology of use value.Its basic principle is to utilize wind-force to drive the blade rotation, promotes through the speed of speed increasing mechanism with rotation again, drives generator for electricity generation.Wind is the very big new energy of a kind of potentiality, it is estimated, the wind resource that can be used to generate electricity on the earth has 10,000,000,000 kilowatts approximately, almost is 10 times of present whole world hydroelectric power amount.The present energy that obtained of the annual coal combustion in the whole world has only 1/3rd of energy that wind-force produced in 1 year.Therefore, all take much count of both at home and abroad utilizing wind-force to generate electricity to tap a new source of energy.The wind resource of China is very abundant, about 1,000,000,000 kW of the wind energy content that can develop, wherein, about 2.53 hundred million kW of land wind energy content, but about 7.5 hundred million kW of the wind energy content of sea development and utilization.And only about 800,000,000 kW of whole nation total installed capacity of electricity capacity in the end of the year 2007.The mean wind velocitys in the most areas of China are all at per second more than 3 meters, particularly northeast, northwest, southwest plateau and offshore islands, and mean wind velocity is bigger; Some areas, the 1 year time more than 1/3rd, its weather conditions all met the wind-power electricity generation requirement.In these areas, the development wind-power electricity generation is up-and-coming.
In essence, the principle of wind-power electricity generation is the mechanical energy that the kinetic energy of keeping watch is transformed into generator, is converted into electric energy to mechanical energy again.The needed device of wind-power electricity generation is called wind-driven generator.This wind-driven generator can divide wind wheel, generator and iron tower three parts substantially.Wind wheel is the vitals that the kinetic energy of keeping watch changes mechanical energy into, and it is made up of the impeller of two (or more) propeller shapes.When wind during, produce aerodynamic force on the blade and drive wind wheel and rotate to paddle.The material requirements intensity of blade is high, in light weight, how to make with glass fibre reinforced plastics or other composite material (like carbon fiber).In the technology that adopts at present, because the rotating ratio of wind wheel is lower, and the size and Orientation of wind-force often changes, and this makes rotary speed unstabilization fixed again; So, before driving generator, also must add one and bring up to the speed-changing gear box of generator rated speed to rotating speed, add a speed regulating mechanism again the rotating speed maintenance is stablized, and then be connected on the generator.The effect of generator is the substantially invariable rotating speed that obtains by wind wheel, passes to power facility through raising speed and evenly turns round, thereby transform mechanical energy into electricity.Because wind energy is one of energy that does not have public hazards.And it is inexhaustible.For lack of water, short bunker and ungetable offshore islands, pastoral area, grassland, mountain area and area, plateau, utilize wind-power electricity generation with suiting measures to local conditions, very suitable; And for the energy demand of present growing tension, wind-power electricity generation also has great significance.
Though wind-power electricity generation has aforesaid plurality of advantages, the existing device that is applicable to wind-power electricity generation has following deficiency:
At first, the power source of wind generating unit is a natural wind, and the wind speed of natural wind comes and go, and the value of wind speed and wind-driven generator is then closely related.According to surveying and determination, a wind power generating set of 100 kilowatts that adopts existing wind-power electricity generation machine technology, when the wind speed per second was 9.5 meters, the output power of unit was 96 kilowatts; When 8 meters of wind speed per seconds, output power is 67 kilowatts; When the wind speed per second is 6 meters, have only 31 kilowatts; And wind speed is merely 17 kilowatts when being 5 meters of per seconds, this shows that for the efficient of wind power generating set, wind speed has decisive influence, for existing wind generating unit, though gentle breeze just has the value of utilization.But from the angle of economical rationality, wind speed just is suitable for generating greater than 5 meters of per seconds; But same, wind speed is not to be the bigger the better, because the restriction on the existing wind-driven generator structure, wind speed is during greater than 20 metre per second (m/s)s; Will the impeller skidding be damaged to avoid device, in sum; Existing wind-driven generator needs the wind speed of location big, and wind speed is steady.The regional wind speed of wind-power electricity generation is many to be changed between the 2-30 meter per second because China is fit to; And its wind speed interval of effectively working of existing wind power generating set is 3 meter per seconds-20 meter per seconds; Therefore can't proper functioning in a big chunk wind speed interval, the time of operating at full capacity only accounts for about 30% of net cycle time.
Secondly, because wind speed comes and go, fluctuation is arranged during therefore by the wheel speed of wind-driven generator; Cause the rotating speed of the generator set of its drive also to fluctuate, therefore need special vscf generator group adaptive with it, not only cost an arm and a leg; Complex design, even and if adopt vscf generator, the impeller of wind-driven generator is sometimes fast and sometimes slow; Between have the rotation of pause still can make generator set produce multiple harmonic, power generating quality is relatively poor.
The 3rd; Because the wheel speed of existing wind-driven generator and the rotating speed of generator differ two one magnitude; Therefore between the impeller of wind-driven generator and generator set, need be provided with gear speedup case, the transmission through some grades gears, tooth axle realizes that impeller drives generator, and is applicable to that the gear speedup case of wind-driven generator involves great expense; Be easy to damage, be difficult for installing.
The 4th, as preceding said, be the ideal operation of assurance wind-driven generator; In the existing wind-driven generator, the material requirements intensity of impeller is high, in light weight, how to make with glass fibre reinforced plastics or other composite material (like graphite fiber); Price comparison is expensive; And because the working principle of wind-driven generator has determined the wind-driven generator of existing structure to need big as far as possible impeller to increase wind sweeping area, improve power output, so the length of monolithic impeller often reaches tens meters even tens meters; Singly being the mould of offering the impeller of volume like this, is exactly a huge input; The impeller blade that length is excessive if also the careless slightly body that impeller blade will take place of existence big breakage takes place and accuses and scrap, causes bigger loss; It is to be noted in addition; Owing to be suitable for installing wind-driven generator, promptly meet the desired area of wind power plant and be mostly hills, mountain area, island, plateau etc., how with tens meters of monolithic length; Weigh behind the blade stowage of tens tons even tens tons; Being transported to the infield through road, bridge, culvert, tunnel etc., how about being lifted on the pylon of wind-driven generator after being transported to the infield, all is in as installed, not allow the problem of avoiding.
Summary of the invention:
Goal of the invention of the present invention is that to wind-driven generator under the existing technology owing to the wind-force weather environment that the inherent characteristics that exists on its structure causes requires harshness, the effective time is shorter; Need special constant frequency generation unit adaptive with it, cost an arm and a leg, complex design, the generator set generating can produce multiple harmonic, and power generating quality is relatively poor; Need be provided with gear speedup case, and be applicable to that the gear speedup case of wind-driven generator involves great expense, be easy to damage, be difficult for installing; Impeller blade length is huge and need whole die sinking manufacturing, and cost of production is high, is difficult to maintenance after the breakage; Comparatively many defectives of difficulty are installed all in transportation; A kind of wind generating unit that adopts the cylinder-rotating structure is provided, and the power that adopts the wind generating unit of structure of the present invention hour to provide the power-assist impeller to run up at wind speed is after impeller runs up; Can under wind, keep rotation, widen the wind friction velocity that wind-driven generator is suitable for greatly according to the Ma Genusi effect; Changed the structure of impeller through speedup box drive generator for electricity generation; The present invention has set up middle hydraulic transmission; Make because the wheel rotation variation that the variation of wind speed wind-force causes does not directly act on the generator, guaranteed the steady of generator output work, improved power generating quality; While centre hydraulic transmission has played the conversion with the difference between the rotating speed of the speed of wheel rotation and generator needs; Therefore wind-driven generator of the present invention need not to add in addition step-up gear; Adaptive generator also can adopt induction generator simple in structure, that price is lower; Not only more existing wind-driven generator has been practiced thrift cost greatly, also is convenient to more simultaneously safeguard; In addition, impeller of the present invention has changed the design of the whole one chip of existing wind-driven generator impeller, is convenient to segmentation transportation, the assembling back is installed, and also the scale of construction is too huge and die cost that cause is high, the defective of transportation and inconvenient installation to have solved existing impeller.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the technological scheme of employing of the present invention is:
A kind of wind generating unit; Constituted by impeller unit, pylon, generator set, said impeller unit is installed on the top of pylon, and said generator set is located at the bottom of said pylon; Said impeller unit comprises impeller and solid of rotation; Be provided with hollow shaft in the said solid of rotation, said hollow shaft is horizontally disposed with, and an end of said impeller is connected on the said hollow shaft through the hub body and can drives hollow shaft and rotates; Said impeller is at least a slice, and evenly arranges in the plane that impeller constitutes according to its sheet number, and plane and said hollow shaft that said impeller constitutes are perpendicular; Said impeller rotates and drives said hollow shaft according to its axial rotation under wind; Said hollow shaft exports its revolution moment of torsion that rotates generation to be located at said pylon bottom generator set through transmission device makes it rotate generating; It is characterized in that: the exterior contour of said any impeller is hyperbola and is rotated the curved surface that is constituted around it; Be equipped with the axis of rotation in said any impeller; The said axis of rotation that is positioned at impeller is all perpendicular with said hollow shaft; The bottom of the said axis of rotation is connected with the drive unit that drives impeller is carried out rotation, drives said hollow shaft when said any monolithic impeller all can carry out rotation in the vertical plane that with said hollow shaft is axle and revolves round the sun.
According to the Ma Genusi effect; An object (like cylindrical body) that in fluid, rotates perpendicular to fluid flow direction can receive a side direction Driving force; When the angular velocity of rotation vector of a rotating object does not overlap with object translational velocity vector, on the perpendicular direction in the plane of forming with angular velocity of rotation vector and translation velocity vector, will produce a transverse force.The phenomenon that object translation track deflects under the effect of this transverse force is called the Ma Genusi effect.Why rotating object can from the physical angle analysis, be because the object rotation can drive the surrounding fluid rotation in the laterally effect of generation power, makes the liquid speed of object one side increase, and the opposite side liquid speed reduces.
Ma Genusi effect concrete application principle in the present invention is: when impeller in wind around its axis of rotation perpendicular to the wind comes from direction when rotation; The linear velocity of impeller body one side is identical with the direction of the wind comes from; The linear velocity of opposite side with the wind comes from the opposite direction; According to aerodynamic principle; At this moment type of adhering to fall round table-like impeller body outer surface the air boundary layer also along with impeller body certainly then rotation, the air boundary layer of the wind direction of the wind comes from and said rotation the identical side of linear velocity direction, receive the friction drive of air boundary layer and quicken; The air boundary layer of wind direction of the wind comes from and said rotation a linear velocity side in the opposite direction, receives the reverse friction of air boundary layer and block, thereby it is poor to produce wind speed in the impeller outer Surface Vertical in the radially relative both sides of wind direction.Bernoulli principle in the fluid mechanics points out that in fluid, when waiting high flowing, the big pressure of flow velocity is just little.In the present invention; Class is fallen the rotation in fluid (wind) of round table-like impeller wheel body, thereby it is poor, then surperficial at impeller outer to produce wind speed in the relative both sides of its radial surface; The side pressure that wind speed is big is low; The little side pressure of wind speed is high, and the impeller radially pressure difference that receives of both sides produces thrust, in rotation, revolves round the sun around said hollow shaft and drives generator set work and then realize generating thereby then can realize promoting impeller.
In the present invention; Because the impeller wheel body drives rotation through the impeller rotating device; Therefore its rotation has controllability, this be because: have only when the rotation of impeller rotating device drives impeller, just can be poor at the radially both sides formation wind speed of the outer surface of impeller wheel body; And then the build-up of pressure difference promotes impeller and rotates around hollow shaft, thereby drives generating.Need not the generating or the weather conditions utmost point when being not suitable for generating electricity, as long as make impeller that rotation not take place, even, also can not cause the spontaneous revolution of impeller unit having under the situation of the wind comes from a high speed.
In addition; Because the designing shape of impeller wheel body is last footpath greater than the shape in footpath down, understandablely be, when impeller wheel body time rotational; The linear velocity of its upper end is much larger than the linear velocity of lower end, so the thrust that also receives much larger than the lower end of the thrust that under the effect of Ma Genusi effect, receives of impeller upper end.
Further; The top of said any impeller is equipped with annular convergence fan housing; Said impeller and said convergence fan housing constitute enclosed construction, can support each other between the impeller of formation enclosed construction and convergence fan housing, thereby form the structure that can bear big external force effect; Increased the intensity of impeller, helped guaranteeing unlikely damage the under bad weather conditions such as typhoon with the convergence fan housing.
Further; The quantity of said impeller is even number; Two formations of said even number sheet impeller are a pair of, and said any a pair of impeller all is installed on the front end of said solid of rotation through the hub body, and are said some to the installation of staggering before and after the impeller; The drive unit that said drives impeller is carried out rotation is an oil hydraulic motor, and said some axis of rotation to impeller are the fluid motor-driven of each free twin shaft output all.Adopt the impeller of this structure, its advantage is that some can not invading the mounting point on the hub body between impeller roll, simultaneously, the mounting points that the impeller that is crisscross arranged staggers impeller before and after having had, the installation of annular convergence fan housing also just more firmly, stable.Impeller drives the axis of rotation through oil hydraulic motor and realizes rotation, thereby has better realized design effect of the present invention.
Said hub body is double-deck load-carrying construction, and the focce-bearing layer of said hub body is provided with the bearing support in order to the bearing that the axis of rotation is installed, and said bearing support is evenly arranged in the space; Said hub body center is provided with axis hole, and said hollow shaft is fixed in the said hub body after passing said axis hole; Said hub body two ends are arranged with leading web and trailing web, and said leading web, trailing web and said hub body constitute the load-carrying construction of sealing; Said solid of rotation front end is provided with cowling, and said hub body front portion also is fixedly connected with fixed support, and said speedup fan and cowling are individually fixed on the said fixed support, and said speedup fan and cowling rotate through said fixed support and said hub body synchronously.
Further; Be provided with high-pressure hydraulic pump and oil hydraulic motor between said hollow shaft that drives by the impeller unit and the generator; Said high-pressure hydraulic pump also is parallel with some bladder accumulators; Said some bladder accumulators are located at respectively in the solid of rotation on work chamber and pylon top of said pylon bottom, thus high-pressure hydraulic pump through parallelly connected with said bladder accumulator with the output high pressure oil and drive oil hydraulic motor and drive the generator rotation; Said pylon bottom is provided with the work chamber of seal structure, and said oil hydraulic motor and generator set all are located in the work chamber of said pylon bottom.
In the present invention; Because the impeller unit does not directly drive generator; Thereby but through the high-pressure hydraulic pump that is parallel with bladder accumulator drive oil hydraulic motor drive again generator set rotate output electric energy; So can come and the combination of bladder accumulator comes control flow rate with the coupling between the rated speed of the rotating speed of realizing oil hydraulic motor output and generator through high-pressure hydraulic pump; Need not speedup box be set in addition again, practice thrift the cost of wind-driven generator greatly, also be convenient to more simultaneously safeguard; Simultaneously, the adjusting through impeller rotation rotating speed and the peak clipping of accumulator, fill out the dual regulation of paddy, make the rotating speed of generator more steady, further improved power generating quality.
After this structure drives the hollow shaft output torque through impeller in addition; Torque drive high-pressure hydraulic pump drive oil hydraulic motor by hollow shaft output makes the generator set generating; And high-pressure hydraulic pump and generator set all are located in the work chamber of pylon bottom; Not only changed in the existing wind-driven generator; Tens of tons of generator set is located at the inconvenience of the lifting installation and maintenance maintenance that causes in tens meters high solid of rotation, and simultaneously, the work chamber that is provided with separately also helps the stable of equipment work environment and prevents the device damage that dust storm, laying dust cause.
In the present invention, single impeller blade can also be driven by pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor; Perhaps adopt the mode of a plurality of impeller blades by an oil hydraulic motor, pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor driven rotary; Because impeller drives rotation through the impeller rotating device; Therefore impeller can be under controlled situation, with wind speed automatic speed regulation, for example; Under the bigger situation of wind-force, the speed of impeller rotation can suitably be slowed down; Under the less situation of wind-force, speed of autorotation can be accelerated.Make impeller carry out equilibrium and change according to Ma Genusi and the suffered thrust difference of bernoulli principle, and and then change the revolution rotating speed of impeller, make by the shaft-driven oil hydraulic pump of revolution and very big fluctuation can not take place because of the change of wind speed; Adopt magnetic suspension bearing then to greatly reduce the friction between hollow shaft and the revolution supporting frame, reduced the loss of output torque.
Further; The external wall of said hub joins with the cowling that is positioned at said solid of rotation front end and rotation synchronously, and said solid of rotation rear end also is provided with fixing with it tail cone, and said cowling, solid of rotation and tail cone constitute spindle jointly; Said spindle constitutes the structure of expanding gradually again after shrink gradually in the cross section with the convergence fan housing; Also be provided with the revolution supporting frame in the said solid of rotation, said hollow shaft passes said hub body intermediate support in said revolution supporting frame, said hub body and said hollow shaft Joint; Said hollow shaft two ends also are provided with bearing, and said bearing is a magnetic suspension bearing.
The structure of expanding gradually again after shrink gradually in the cross section that said spindle and convergence fan housing constitute; On fluid mechanics, be commonly referred to as " Laval nozzle "; According to fluid mechanics principle; When low velocity wind is passed through the passage of Laval nozzle shape, can produce great speedup, and then the output power of impeller is greatly improved.
Further, said impeller is a frame structure, and the impeller outer surface of described hollow structure is coated with the impeller outer covering, and said impeller outer covering in the outer surface of impeller, constitutes the impeller inner chamber of sealing according to the tight inclusion of said impeller shape in the said impeller outer covering.
Because the impeller scale of construction after assembling is accomplished is bigger; Therefore the weight that how to alleviate impeller is the problem that must pay attention to; Therefore the impeller among the present invention adopts the structure of hollow to coat the structure of impeller outer covering outward; The impeller of the frame structure of hollow has alleviated the weight of impeller body greatly, and not only rotating speed is faster under the same torque effect, and the thrust that produces according to the Ma Genusi effect is bigger; Simultaneously also improved the convenience degree and the Security of transportation, assembling, lifting, and the impeller outer covering that covers can play the good wind effect that receives outward.Simultaneously; Because impeller inside is the structure of hollow; Therefore can the inner supporting structure that truss type is installed of impeller or with steel pipe as load-carrying construction realizing excellent support to impeller intensity, and, because said frame formula structure and its outer impeller outer covering and the truss or all non-integral body of support tube of support; Constitute but assemble by each several part; So in installing at the scene, can the framework segmentation connection back formation integral body of impeller be coated exterior skin again and carry out last installation, guaranteeing that impeller has enough intensity and wind resistance; Be applicable to when coastal, island etc. used by easily in the area of strong wind, typhoon, also improved the convenience of transportation and assembling greatly.
Further; Said impeller outer covering by the covering that adopts the elastomeric light material to process outer be positioned at that covering focce-bearing layer it under is range upon range of to be constituted, said covering focce-bearing layer employing toughness light weight insulating material is processed, said covering focce-bearing layer outer surface is provided with some through holes; Said through hole is evenly arranged on said covering focce-bearing layer surface; Said covering skin fits tightly in the outer surface of said covering focce-bearing layer, and said fitting tightly in the covering skin of covering focce-bearing layer forming pit with corresponding section, said through hole, and said pit is arranged in said covering superficies rule; Also be provided with heating film between said covering skin and the covering focce-bearing layer; Said heating film is located in the said impeller outer covering, and said heating film is connected with power supply, also is provided with the lightning protection lead in the covering of said any impeller outer; One end of said lightning protection lead is connected in said impeller tip, and the other end penetrates behind the solid of rotation along pylon ground connection.
Because the covering focce-bearing layer is provided with several through holes, not only can further alleviate the weight of covering focce-bearing layer; What is more important fits tightly behind said covering focce-bearing layer at the covering skin, promptly constitutes several pits at the covering superficies; Being similar to the pit of arranging on the golf ball surface can be at the impeller time rotational; Better hold air on the outer field surface of covering, constitute the air boundary layer, so that increase the current difference of impeller both sides; Better application Ma Genusi effect increases the thrust of impeller, and the output work of generator set is increased.
Because between covering skin and covering focce-bearing layer, also be provided with heating film, said heating film is located in the said impeller outer covering, said heating film circuit is connected with power supply; Therefore when temperature is low, condense on the impeller blade freezing after, can heat covering through heating film; Dissolve away ice cube, prevented because wheel rotation inconvenience, the aerodynamic performance that ice cube causes attached to impeller surface descends even the problem of damage impeller, simultaneously; When typhoon can improves the heating power of heating film temporarily, burn the part covering; Expose the frame structure of the through hole and the impeller of covering focce-bearing layer, thereby wind is passed through from through hole and framework, even prevented that impeller is by the bad massive losses that blows down and bring of windage loss; Typhoon in the past after, the shop is covered covering generator is reworked again; In addition, also be provided with the lightning protection lead in the covering of said any impeller outer, an end of said lightning protection lead is connected in said impeller tip, and the other end penetrates behind the solid of rotation along pylon ground connection.Owing in covering, also be provided with the thunder and lightning lead-in wire, prevented that also when thunderbolt took place, generator received the property personal casualty loss that thunderbolt causes.
Further, said wind generating unit also includes the speedup fan, and said speedup fan is located at the front end of said solid of rotation, and the output wind direction of said speedup fan and the plane, place of said impeller are vertically opposite; The whole one-tenth of said solid of rotation spindle shape, the top of said impeller wheel body also is coated with annular convergence fan housing, and the design speed of said speedup fan is faster than the rotating speed of said impeller unit.
Adopt this structure to have following advantage:
At first; The speedup fan is positioned at before the fairshaped solid of rotation, constituted complete aerodynamics path jointly with the tail cone at the cowling of being located at the solid of rotation front end and solid of rotation rear portion and the annular convergence fan housing that is positioned at the impeller top, and annular convergence fan housing helps the plane that impeller constitutes and increased wind speed as much as possible; Aerodynamic quality is good, and behind the impeller wind-engaging, the wind of process impeller surface can reduce the retardance of issuable eddy current and air smoothly through overflowing backward behind the body of solid of rotation, has guaranteed that the smoothness of impeller is rotated; And, therefore when weather conditions is abominable, also can not produce excessive thrust to the solid of rotation body because the body of solid of rotation is streamlined, cause the damage of wind-driven generator;
Secondly; Original structure is the blade of wing wind-driven generator, and its wind-engaging partly has only blade top, and impeller of the present invention is owing to adopted type desk-top blade wheel structure of rounding; And said speedup fan is located in the said convergence fan housing and with said solid of rotation and is closely cooperated; Therefore but the equal wind-engaging of the whole impeller unit total length among the present invention has increased blowing area, has improved the output of merit greatly;
It is to be noted in addition; Though fan and impeller rotation all need certain energy; But because square being directly proportional of the wind speed of the merit that need import of fan and himself generation; And the impeller output work to be cube with the wind speed that receives be directly proportional, therefore utilize a spot of output can, can realize that generator keeps the bigger balanced electric energy of running at full capacity output.
Further; Described wind generating unit also is provided with wind plant; Said wind plant is made up of rotary actuator and sensor combination; Said rotary actuator is located at the joint of said solid of rotation and said pylon, and the said said rotary actuator of sensor drive that can respond to wind direction and wind speed drives solid of rotation and in horizontal plane, swings.
Meet to the main direction of the wind comes from all the time on the plane that wind plant constitutes impeller; Utilize wind energy as much as possible; Make the output work of wind generating unit be able to improve to greatest extent; When wind speed during greater than design wind speed, yawing mechanism deflects solid of rotation, when reducing the wind energy that absorbs, guarantees that the present invention still can operate at full capacity.
Further, said generator pylon also is provided with lift, and the structure-bearing point of said lift is located at the top of said solid of rotation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of wind-driven generator, its advantage is:
1, in the present invention; Impeller type of being of said any monolithic falls round table-like cylindrical shell; The smaller diameter end of round table-like cylindrical shell of falling of described monolithic impeller is connected with said hollow shaft through the hub body; Be equipped with the axis of rotation in said any monolithic impeller, the said axis of rotation that is positioned at any monolithic impeller is all perpendicular with said hollow shaft, and the bottom of the said axis of rotation is connected with the impeller rotating device; Said impeller rotating device drives said impeller blade and carries out rotation according to its axis of rotation, drives said hollow shaft when said any monolithic impeller all can carry out rotation in the vertical plane that with said hollow shaft is the axle center and revolves round the sun.Class is fallen round table-like impeller wheel body in flow vertical rotation in the fluid (wind) on the plane that impeller sets constitutes; Thereby it is poor to produce wind speed in the relative both sides of its radial surface; Then at impeller wheel external surface, the side pressure that wind speed is big is low, and the side pressure that wind speed is little is high; The impeller wheel body radially pressure difference that receives of both sides produces thrust, in rotation, revolves round the sun around said hollow shaft and drives generator set work and then realize generating thereby then can realize promoting impeller body.
2, because the impeller among the present invention adopts the structure of hollow; Its outer impeller outer covering that coats is a yarn fabric; The impeller of the cylindrical frame structure of hollow has alleviated the weight of impeller body greatly; Improved convenience degree and the Security of transportation, assembling, lifting, and the impeller outer covering that covers can play the good wind effect that receives outward.Simultaneously; Because impeller inside be the structure of hollow, therefore can be in the inner supporting structure that truss type is installed of impeller perhaps with steel pipe as load-carrying construction, with the excellent support of realization to impeller intensity; And; Because said frame formula structure and its outer impeller outer covering and the truss or all non-integral body of support tube of support, but connect and compose by each several part, in therefore installing at the scene; Can the framework segmentation connection back formation integral body of impeller be coated exterior skin again and carry out last installation; Guaranteeing that impeller has enough intensity and wind resistance, be applicable to when coastal, island etc. used by easily in the area of strong wind, typhoon, also improving the convenience of transportation and assembling greatly.
3, owing between covering skin and covering focce-bearing layer, also be provided with heating film; Said heating film is embedded in the said impeller outer covering; Said heating film circuit is connected with power supply; Also be provided with the lightning protection lead in the covering of said any impeller outer, an end of said lightning protection lead is connected in said impeller tip, and the other end penetrates behind the solid of rotation pylon ground connection along generator.Therefore when temperature is low, condense on the impeller blade freezing after, can heat covering through heating film; Dissolve ice cube, prevented because wheel rotation inconvenience, the aerodynamic performance that ice cube causes attached to impeller surface descends even the problem of damage impeller, simultaneously; When typhoon can improves the heating power of heating film temporarily, burn the part covering; Expose the frame structure of the through hole and the impeller of covering focce-bearing layer, thereby wind is passed through from through hole and framework, even prevented that impeller is by the bad massive losses that blows down and bring of windage loss; Typhoon in the past after, the shop is covered covering generator is reworked again; Owing in covering, also be provided with the thunder and lightning lead-in wire, prevented that also when thunderbolt took place, generator received the property personal casualty loss that thunderbolt causes in addition.
4, the tail cone at the cowling that is provided with of fairshaped solid of rotation, solid of rotation front end and solid of rotation rear portion makes whole type of one-tenth spindle of solid of rotation shape; And whole constitute fusoid said structure and said convergence fan housing and constituted the structure that the cross section is the little Laval nozzle shape in big centre, two; Aerodynamic quality is good, behind the impeller wind-engaging, and can be through the wind of impeller surface smoothly through overflowing backward behind the body of solid of rotation; Reduced the retardance of air, guaranteed that the smoothness of impeller is rotated; And because the body of solid of rotation is streamlined, therefore when weather conditions is abominable, can be to the excessive thrust of solid of rotation body generation yet, cause the damage of wind-driven generator even collapse.
5, impeller can also carry out the rotation driving by pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor; Perhaps adopt the mode of a plurality of impellers by an oil hydraulic motor, pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor driven rotary; Because impeller drives rotation through the impeller rotating device; Therefore impeller can be under controlled situation, with wind speed automatic speed regulation, for example; Under the bigger situation of wind-force, the speed of impeller rotation can suitably be slowed down; Under the less situation of wind-force, speed of autorotation can be accelerated.Make impeller carry out equilibrium and change according to Ma Genusi and the suffered thrust difference of bernoulli principle, and and then change the revolution rotating speed of impeller, make by the shaft-driven oil hydraulic pump of revolution and very big fluctuation can not take place because of the change of wind speed; Adopt magnetic suspension bearing then to greatly reduce the friction between hollow shaft and revolution supporting frame, reduced the loss of output torque.
6, after this structure drives the hollow shaft output torque through impeller in addition; Torque drive high-pressure hydraulic pump by hollow shaft output makes oil hydraulic motor drive the generator set generating; And oil hydraulic motor and generator set all are located in the work chamber of pylon bottom; Not only changed in the existing wind-driven generator; Heavy generator set partly is located at the inconvenience of the lifting installation and maintenance maintenance that causes in the solid of rotation, and simultaneously, the work chamber that is provided with separately also helps the stable of equipment working state and prevents the device damage that dust storm, laying dust cause; And in the present invention; Because impeller does not directly drive generator; Thereby rotate the output electric energy but drive generator,, speedup box need not be set in addition again so can come and the combination of bladder accumulator realizes the coupling between the rated speed of rotating speed and generator of hollow shaft output through high-pressure hydraulic pump through the high-pressure hydraulic pump that is parallel with bladder accumulator; Practiced thrift the cost of wind-driven generator greatly, also be convenient to more simultaneously safeguard; Simultaneously, through impeller from the peak clipping of the adjusting of rotating speed and accumulator, fill out the dual regulation of paddy, make the rotating speed of generator more steady, further improved power generating quality.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Ma Genusi effect;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of speedup fan part of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of hub body portion of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 5 impeller part of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the enlarged diagram of Fig. 5 A part;
Fig. 7 drives the structural representation of hydraulic motor-driving generator group output work through high-pressure hydraulic pump for hollow shaft of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is in wind underdrive principle schematic;
Fig. 9 is a system schematic of the present invention.
Embodiment:
According to the Ma Genusi effect; An object that in fluid, rotates perpendicular to fluid flow direction; Can receive a side direction Driving force like cylindrical body 100; When the angular velocity of rotation vector of a rotating object does not overlap with object translational velocity vector, on the perpendicular direction in the plane of forming with angular velocity of rotation vector and translation velocity vector, will produce a transverse force.The phenomenon that object translation track deflects under the effect of this transverse force is called the Ma Genusi effect.Why rotating object can from the physical angle analysis, be because the object rotation can drive the surrounding fluid rotation in the laterally effect of generation power, makes the liquid speed of object one side increase, and the opposite side liquid speed reduces.
Ma Genusi effect concrete application principle in the present invention is: when impeller in wind around its axis of rotation perpendicular to the wind comes from direction when rotation; The linear velocity of impeller body one side is identical with the direction of the wind comes from; The linear velocity of opposite side and the wind comes from (seeing accompanying drawing 2) in the opposite direction; According to aerodynamic principle; At this moment type of adhering to fall round table-like impeller body outer surface the air boundary layer also along with impeller body certainly then rotation, the air boundary layer of the wind direction of the wind comes from and said rotation the identical side of linear velocity direction, receive the friction drive of air boundary layer and quicken; The air boundary layer of wind direction of the wind comes from and said rotation a linear velocity side in the opposite direction, receives the reverse friction of air boundary layer and block, thereby it is poor to produce wind speed in the impeller outer Surface Vertical in the radially relative both sides of wind direction.Bernoulli principle in the fluid mechanics points out that in fluid, when waiting high flowing, the big pressure of flow velocity is just little.In the present invention; Class is fallen the rotation in fluid (wind) of round table-like impeller wheel body, thereby it is poor, then surperficial at impeller outer to produce wind speed in the relative both sides of its radial surface; The side pressure that wind speed is big is low; The little side pressure of wind speed is high, and the impeller radially pressure difference that receives of both sides produces thrust, in rotation, revolves round the sun around said hollow shaft and drives generator set work and then realize generating thereby then can realize promoting impeller.
The present invention realizes according to above-mentioned Ma Genusi principle and bernoulli principle; The invention discloses a kind of wind generating unit, constituted by impeller unit part, pylon 1, generator set 4, said impeller unit partly is installed on the generator pylon 1; Said pylon 1 bottom is provided with work chamber 11; Said generator set 4 is located in the work chamber 11 of said pylon 1 bottom, and said impeller unit partly comprises impeller 2 and solid of rotation 3, is provided with hollow shaft 31 in the said solid of rotation 3; Said hollow shaft 31 is horizontally disposed with, and said impeller 2 is connected on the said hollow shaft 31 through hub body 34 and can drives hollow shaft 31 and rotates; Said impeller 2 is at least one, and evenly arranges in the plane that impeller 2 constitutes according to its sheet number, and plane and said hollow shaft 31 that said impeller 2 constitutes are perpendicular; The rotation and drive of the axial rotation of said hollow shaft 31 under drive unit 28 effect of said impeller 2 according to hollow shaft; Said hollow shaft 31 makes it rotate generating the generator set 4 that its revolution moment of torsion that rotates generation exports to through hydraulic transmission in the work chamber 11 of being located at said generator pylon 1 bottom; Said any impeller 2 is formed with convergence fan housing 23 by the round table-like tube 22 that revolves of class; Round table-like tube 22 the smaller diameter end of revolving of falling of described monolithic impeller 2 is connected with said hollow shaft 31 through hub body 34, is provided with the axis of rotation 21 in the said impeller 2, and the said axis of rotation 21 that is positioned at any monolithic impeller 2 is all perpendicular with said hollow shaft 31; The bottom of the said axis of rotation 21 is connected with the impeller rotating device; Said impeller rotating device drives said impeller 2 and carries out rotation according to its axis of rotation 21, and said any impeller 2 can serve as to revolve round the sun around the public axis of rotation 31 when axle carries out rotation in vertical plane with said hollow shaft 31 all, in the present invention; Because impeller drives rotation through the impeller rotating device; Therefore its rotation has controllability, this be because: have only rotating device drives impeller 2 rotations when impeller 2, just can be poor at the radially both sides formation wind speed of the outer surface of impeller 2 wheel bodys; And then the build-up of pressure difference promotes impeller and rotates around hollow shaft, thereby drives generating.Need not the generating or the weather conditions utmost point when being not suitable for generating electricity, as long as braking impeller 2 makes its not rotation, wind blow the revolution that can't cause impeller spontaneous; Because tube 22 designing shapes that revolve of impeller 2 are that last footpath is round table-like greater than the class in following footpath; Understandable is that when impeller 2 time rotationals, the linear velocity of its upper end is much larger than the linear velocity of lower end; Again because the diameter of its lower end is less, so the revolution that impeller 2 is used the Ma Genusi effects also just is more prone to.
Among the present invention, hub body 34 is double-deck load-carrying construction, and the focce-bearing layer of said hub body 34 is provided with the bearing support in order to the bearing 342 that the axis of rotation 21 is installed, and said bearing support is evenly arranged in the space; Said hub body 34 centers are provided with axis hole 345, and said hollow shaft 31 is fixed in the said hub body 34 after passing said axis hole 345; Said hub body 34 two ends are arranged with leading web 343 and trailing web 344, and said leading web 343, trailing web 344 and said hub body 34 constitute the load-carrying construction of sealing; Said solid of rotation 3 front ends are provided with cowling 32, and said hub body 34 front portions also are fixedly connected with fixed support 341, and said speedup fan 29 is individually fixed on the said fixed support 341 with cowling 32; Said cowling 32 rotates with said hub body 34 through said fixed support 341 synchronously; When the present invention carried out practical implementation, the quantity of said impeller 2 was four, and said four impellers 2 are divided into two pairs; Said two pairs of impeller sets all are installed on the said hub body 34; Installations of staggering before and after the said two pairs of impeller sets, said impeller rotating device is an oil hydraulic motor, the axis of rotation 21 of said two pairs of impeller sets is oil hydraulic motor 28 drivings of each free twin shaft output all; Adopting the advantage of this structure to be that the mounting point on hub body 34 can not invaded between two pairs of impeller sets rolls; Simultaneously, four mounting points that the impeller sets that is crisscross arranged makes the convergence fan housing 23 on it have front and back to stagger, the installation of convergence fan housing 23 on impeller 2 is also just more firm, stable.Impeller 2 drives the axis of rotation 21 through oil hydraulic motor and realizes rotation, thereby has better realized design effect of the present invention, also is provided with bladder accumulator 7 among the present invention, and said air sac type accumulator 7 is parallel to oil hydraulic motor 6 and rotates to drive generator set 4; Said generator pylon 1 bottom is provided with the work chamber 11 of seal structure, and said oil hydraulic motor 6 and generator set 4 all are located at work chamber 11 inside of the bottom of said generator pylon 1.
In the specific embodiment that the present invention provides; Because impeller 2 does not directly drive generator; Thereby rotate the output electric energy but drive generator set 4,, speedup box need not be set in addition again so can realize the coupling between the rated speed of rotating speed and generator set 4 of hollow shaft 31 outputs through the combination of oil hydraulic motor and bladder accumulator 7 through the oil hydraulic motor 6 that is parallel with bladder accumulator 7; Practiced thrift the cost of wind-driven generator greatly, also be convenient to more simultaneously safeguard; Simultaneously, the adjusting through impeller rotation rotating speed and the peak clipping of accumulator, fill out the dual regulation of paddy, make the rotating speed of generator more steady, further improved power generating quality.
After this structure drives the hollow shaft output torque through impeller in addition; Torque drive oil hydraulic pump by hollow shaft output drives the acting of hydraulic motor-driving generator group; And oil hydraulic motor 6 all is located in the work chamber 11 of pylon 1 bottom with generator set 4; Not only changed in the existing wind-driven generator; Heavy generator set partly is located at the inconvenience of the lifting installation and maintenance maintenance that causes in the solid of rotation, and simultaneously, the work chamber that is provided with separately also helps the stable of equipment working state and prevents the device damage that dust storm, laying dust cause.
Certainly, among the present invention, single impeller 2 can also be driven by pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor; Perhaps adopt the mode of a plurality of impellers by an oil hydraulic motor, pneumatic motor or speed-adjustable motor driven rotary; Because impeller 2 drives rotation through the impeller rotating device; Therefore impeller 2 can be under controlled situation, with wind speed automatic speed regulation, for example; Under the bigger situation of wind-force, the speed of impeller 2 rotations can suitably be slowed down; Under the less situation of wind-force, speed of autorotation can be accelerated.Make impeller carry out equilibrium and change according to Ma Genusi and the suffered thrust difference of bernoulli principle, and and then change the revolution rotating speed of impeller, make by the shaft-driven oil hydraulic pump of revolution and very big fluctuation can not take place because of the change of wind speed; Adopt magnetic suspension bearing then to greatly reduce the friction between hollow shaft and supporting frame, reduced the loss of output torque.Said impeller is a hollow structure; The cylindric frame structure that said hollow structure successively decreases for diameter from top to bottom; The hollow structure impeller outer surface of described type of reverse frustoconic shape is coated with the impeller outer covering; In the outer surface of impeller, fall the impeller of round table-like hollow structure and constitute the impeller inner chamber of sealing through said impeller outer covering by said class according to the tight inclusion of said impeller shape for said impeller outer covering.
Because the impeller scale of construction after assembling is accomplished is bigger; Therefore the weight that how to alleviate impeller 2 is the problem that must pay attention to; Therefore the impeller among the present invention 2 adopts the structure of hollow to coat the structure of impeller outer covering outward; The impeller 2 of the cylindrical frame structure of hollow alleviated the weight of impeller body greatly, improved the convenience degree and the Security of transportation, assembling, lifting, and the impeller outer covering that covers can play the good wind effect that receives outward.Simultaneously; Because impeller 2 inside are the structure of hollow; Therefore can the inner supporting structure that truss type is installed of impeller or with steel pipe as load-carrying construction realizing excellent support to impeller intensity, and, because said frame formula structure and its outer impeller outer covering and the truss or all non-integral body of support tube of support; But connect and compose by each several part; So in installing at the scene, can the framework segmentation connection back formation integral body of impeller 2 be coated exterior skin again and carry out last installation, guarantee that impeller 2 has enough intensity and wind resistance; Be applicable to when coastal, island etc. used by easily in the area of strong wind, typhoon, also improved the convenience of transportation and assembling greatly.
Said impeller outer covering by the covering that adopts the elastomeric light material to process outer 24 be positioned at that covering focce-bearing layer 25 it under is range upon range of to be constituted, said covering focce-bearing layer 25 employing toughness insulating material are processed, said covering focce-bearing layer 25 is provided with some through holes 251; Said through hole 251 is evenly arranged on said covering focce-bearing layer 25 surfaces; Said covering outer 24 fits tightly in the outer surface of said covering focce-bearing layer 25, like this, said covering outer 24 with said covering focce-bearing layer 25 on through hole 251 corresponding positions will sink; Thereby form pit 241; Said pit 241 is arranged at outer 24 rules of surface of said covering, also is provided with heating film 26 between said covering outer 24 and the covering focce-bearing layer 25, and said heating film 26 is embedded in the said impeller outer covering; Said heating film 26 is connected with power supply; Also be provided with lightning protection lead 27 in the covering of said any impeller outer, an end of said lightning protection lead 27 is connected in said impeller 2 tops, and the other end penetrates solid of rotation 3 backs along pylon 1 ground connection.Because covering focce-bearing layer 25 is provided with several through holes 251, this through hole 251 can further alleviate the weight of covering focce-bearing layer 25; What is more important fits tightly behind said covering focce-bearing layer 25 at covering outer 24, promptly constitutes several pits 241 on outer 24 surfaces of covering; Being similar to the pit of arranging on the golf ball surface can be at impeller 2 time rotational; Surface at covering outer 24 better holds air, constitutes the air boundary layer, so that increase the current difference of impeller 2 both sides; Better application Ma Genusi effect increases the thrust of impeller 2, and the output work of generator set 4 is increased.
In addition owing between covering outer 24 and covering focce-bearing layer 25, also be provided with heating film 26; Said heating film 26 is embedded in the said impeller outer covering; Said heating film 26 is connected with power supply; Also be provided with lightning protection lead 27 in the exterior skin of said any impeller, an end of said lightning protection lead 27 is connected in said impeller 2 tops, and the other end penetrates solid of rotation 3 backs along pylon 1 ground connection.Therefore when temperature is low, condense on the impeller 2 freezing after, can heat covering through heating film; Melt the deicing piece, prevented because the impeller 2 that ice cube causes attached to impeller 2 surfaces rotates inconvenience, aerodynamic performance descends even the problem of damage impeller 2, in addition; When typhoon can improves the heating power of heating film 26 temporarily, burn part covering outer 25; Expose through hole 251 and the frame structure of impeller 2 on the covering focce-bearing layer 25, thereby wind is passed through from framework, through hole 251, even prevented that impeller 2 is by the bad massive losses that blows down and bring of windage loss; Typhoon in the past after, the shop is covered covering generator is reworked again; Owing in covering, also be provided with lightning protection lead 27, prevented also when thunderbolt takes place that in addition generator is avoided the property personal casualty loss that causes to thunderbolt.
Described impeller unit part also includes speedup fan 29, and said speedup fan 29 is located at the front end of said solid of rotation 3, and the output wind direction of said speedup fan 29 and the plane, place of said impeller 2 are vertically opposite; The front end of said solid of rotation 3 is provided with cowling 32; The tail end of said solid of rotation 3 is provided with tail cone 33; Cowling 32, solid of rotation 3 and tail cone 33 common formation spindle shapes, the top of said impeller 2 also includes annular convergence fan housing 23, and the design speed of said speedup fan 29 is faster than said impeller 2 rotating speeds.The cowling 32 that speedup fan 29, fairshaped solid of rotation 3, solid of rotation 3 front ends are provided with and the tail cone 33 at solid of rotation 3 rear portions and the annular convergence fan housing 23 that is positioned at impeller 2 tops have constituted complete aerodynamics path jointly, and annular convergence fan housing 23 helps receiving of plane increase wind as much as possible that impeller 2 constitutes; The tail cone 33 at fairshaped solid of rotation 3, cowling 32 that solid of rotation 3 front ends are provided with and solid of rotation 3 rear portions makes solid of rotation 3 whole type of one-tenth spindle shapes; Aerodynamic quality is good; Behind impeller 2 wind-engagings; Wind through impeller 2 surfaces can reduce the eddy current of air smoothly through overflowing backward behind the body of solid of rotation 3, has guaranteed that the smoothness of impeller 2 is rotated; And, therefore when weather conditions is abominable, also can not produce excessive thrust to the body of solid of rotation 3 because the body of solid of rotation 3 is streamlined, cause the damage of wind-driven generator; And the blade of present existing wind-driven generator; Because its mounting portion, bottom is cylindric, and blade is wing, therefore between the mounting portion of circle and air-foil blade, also is provided with changeover portion; This has just caused its wind-engaging partly to have only blade top, can't make full use of wind energy; And impeller of the present invention is owing to adopted type desk-top blade wheel structure of rounding; And said impeller is located in the said cowling, the speedup fan is located at said cowling front end; And closely cooperate with said cowling and do not have changeover portion; Therefore but the equal wind-engaging of the whole wheel body of the impeller among the present invention has increased blowing area, has improved the output of merit greatly; It is to be noted in addition; Though though fan and impeller rotation all need certain energy; But because square being directly proportional of fan acting and wind speed; And impeller revolution output work is directly proportional with the cube of wind speed, therefore utilizes a spot of output ability, can realize that generator keeps the bigger balanced electric energy of running at full capacity output.
The present invention also includes wind plant; Said wind plant is constituted by rotary actuator 8 and air velocity transducer; Said rotary actuator is located at the joint of said solid of rotation 3 and said pylon 1; Behind the said wind transducer induction wind direction and wind velocity signal, drive the said solid of rotation 3 of said rotary actuator 8 drives and in the horizontal plane on pylon 1 top, rotate.Said generator pylon 1 also is provided with lift, and the structure-bearing point of said lift is located at the top of said solid of rotation 3.
Brief description working principle of the present invention:
The work of this wind generating unit is active, and no matter wind speed is big or small, as long as impeller 2 not rotations, the impeller unit just can not rotate.When wind speed reached 2.5 meter per seconds, air velocity transducer will send signal, the solenoid electric valve of the high pressure oil of having substituted the bad for the good in the bladder accumulator 7 through opening; Pass through adjustable throttle valve again through swivel coupling, get into oil hydraulic motor, drive forward and backward two pairs of axis of rotation that stagger, 21 rotations; Driven two pairs of coupled impellers, 2 rotations, this fuel feeding continues always, when high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 work; The fuel feeding of bladder accumulator 7 is substituted by oil pump feed; Solenoid electric valve cuts out, and accomplishes starting, and the feedback fuel feeding is to oil hydraulic motor.
After the impeller 2 rotations starting; The phase mutual friction meeting of the wind comes from of the perpendicular direction of rotation of impeller 2 produces the Ma Genusi effect; And the thrust of its generation is promoted impeller 2 drive hollow shafts 31 and rotate output torques; Because hollow shaft 31 links to each other with high-pressure hydraulic pump through coupling, so pump is along with hollow shaft 31 rotates; Export high pressure oil then through one-way cock; Solenoid electric valve, adjustable throttle valve is to drive oil hydraulic motor, and oil hydraulic motor drives generator with the rotating speed that the rated speed with generator is complementary; Drive generator set 35 generatings, the high pressure oil of output is at first in order to satisfy the needs of feedback hydraulic motor; When therefore starting, it is of short duration that bladder accumulator is given the time of oil hydraulic motor fuel feeding.
During less than design wind speed, thrust is corresponding less at wind speed, and it is also less that impeller drives the moment of torsion of hollow shaft output; The high pressure oil low on fuel that high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 is exported drives generator set 4 with full load condition work with long-time driving oil hydraulic motor 6; So closed electromagnetic valve, the high pressure oil that pumps gets into bladder accumulator 7 and stores, when bladder accumulator 7 storages are full; Open valve; High pressure oil through adjustable throttle valve drive oil hydraulic motor 6 with the rotary speed working of generator coupling, thereby make generator set 4 output works at full capacity, send specified voltage.
Embodiment of the present invention is through adopting said structure, thereby realizes the effect that impeller 2 revolves round the sun and drives generator set 4 work and then realize generating around said hollow shaft 31 in rotation.Because the impeller 2 among the present invention adopts the structure of hollow to coat the structure of impeller outer covering outward; The impeller 2 of the cylindrical frame structure of hollow has alleviated the weight of impeller body greatly; Improved convenience degree and the Security of transportation, assembling, lifting, and the impeller outer covering that covers can play the good wind effect that receives outward.Simultaneously; Because impeller 2 inside are the structure of hollow; Therefore can the inner supporting structure that truss types are installed of impeller 2 or with steel pipe as load-carrying construction realizing excellent support to impeller 2 intensity, and, because said frame formula structure and its outer impeller outer covering and the truss or all non-integral body of support tube of support; But connect and compose by each several part; So in installing at the scene, can the framework segmentation connection back formation integral body of impeller 2 be coated exterior skin again and carry out last installation, guaranteed that impeller 2 has enough intensity and wind resistance; Be applicable to when coastal, island etc. used by easily in the area of strong wind, typhoon, also improved the convenience of transportation and assembling greatly; And impeller 2 inside also have another advantage for the structure of hollow: need not make unitary mould; Shortened the manufacturing cycle greatly; And greatly reduce cost, the frame that only revolves in the tube 22 is processed by numerical control machine tool or punching machine mold, and covering and covering focce-bearing layer are attached at the impeller outer surface to it with frame as model; The hyperbola profile that then can guarantee to revolve tube is accurate, saves the Mold Making cost greatly for this reason.In addition; Owing between covering skin and covering focce-bearing layer, also be provided with heating film 26; Said heating film 26 is embedded in the said impeller outer covering, and said heating film 26 is connected with power supply, also is provided with lightning protection lead 27 in the exterior skin of said any impeller; One end of said lightning protection lead is connected in said impeller 2 tops, and the other end penetrates solid of rotation 3 backs along pylon 1 ground connection.Therefore when temperature is low, the outside of impeller 2 condense freezing after, can heat covering through heating film; Melt the deicing piece, prevented because the impeller 2 that ice cube causes attached to impeller 2 surfaces rotates inconvenience, aerodynamic performance descends even the problem of damage impeller 2, simultaneously; When typhoon can improves the heating power of heating film 26 temporarily, burn the part covering; Expose the frame structure of impeller 2, thereby wind is passed through from framework, even prevented that impeller is by the bad massive losses that blows down and bring of windage loss; Typhoon in the past after, the shop is covered covering generator is reworked again; Owing in covering, also be provided with lightning protection lead 27, therefore when thunderbolt, thunder and lightning can prevent that when thunderbolt took place, generator set 4 received the property personal casualty loss that thunderbolt causes through lightning protection lead 27 ground connection in addition; And after this structure drives hollow shaft 31 output torques through impeller 2; Torque drive high-pressure hydraulic pump by hollow shaft 31 outputs drives generator set 4 actings; And high-pressure hydraulic pump and generator set all are located in the work chamber 11 of pylon 1 bottom; Not only changed in the existing wind-driven generator; Heavy generator set partly is located at the inconvenience of the lifting installation and maintenance maintenance that causes in the solid of rotation, and simultaneously, the work chamber 11 that is provided with separately also helps the stable of equipment working state and prevents the device damage that dust storm, laying dust cause; In the present invention; Because impeller 2 does not directly drive generator set 4; Thereby rotate the output electric energy but drive generator set 4,, speedup box need not be set in addition again so can come regulating flow through the combination of high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 and bladder accumulator 7 with the coupling between the rated speed of the moment of torsion of realizing hollow shaft 31 outputs and generator set 4 through the high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 that is parallel with bladder accumulator 7; Practiced thrift the cost of wind-driven generator greatly, also be convenient to more simultaneously safeguard; Simultaneously, through impeller from the peak clipping of the adjusting of rotating speed and bladder accumulator 7, fill out the dual regulation of paddy, make the rotating speed of generator more steady, further improved power generating quality.
It should be noted that; Above foundation embodiment 1-9 shown in the drawings has specified structure of the present invention and working principle, and the those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and implement in the scope that does not exceed main idea of the present invention; Therefore; Every utilization or similar techniques scheme identical with the present invention is so long as the various equivalence change embodiments in not exceeding spirit of the present invention all should be covered by within the protection category of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. wind generating unit; Constituted by impeller unit, pylon (1), generator set (4), said impeller unit is installed on the top of pylon (1), and said generator set (4) is located at the bottom of said pylon (1); Said impeller unit comprises impeller (2) and solid of rotation (3); Be provided with hollow shaft (31) in the said solid of rotation (3), said hollow shaft (31) is horizontally disposed with, and said impeller (2) is connected in said hollow shaft (31) through hub body (34) and goes up and can drive hollow shaft (31) rotation; Said impeller (2) is at least a slice, and evenly arranges in the plane that impeller (2) constitutes according to its sheet number, and plane and said hollow shaft (31) that said impeller (2) constitutes are perpendicular; Said impeller (2) rotation under the effect of drive unit; And under wind, drive said hollow shaft (31) according to its axial revolution; Said hollow shaft (31) exports its revolution moment of torsion that rotates generation to be located at said pylon (1) bottom generator set (4) through transmission device makes it rotate generating; It is characterized in that: the exterior contour of said impeller (2) is that hyperbola is rotated the curved surface that is constituted around it; Be provided with the axis of rotation (21) in the said impeller (2), the said axis of rotation (21) that is positioned at impeller (2) is all perpendicular with said hollow shaft (31), and the bottom of the said axis of rotation (21) is connected with the drive unit that drives impeller (2) is carried out rotation; Said impeller (2) is when carrying out rotation with its axis of rotation (21); Drive said hollow shaft (31) and revolve round the sun, said wind generating unit also is provided with speedup fan (29), and said impeller (2) constitutes by revolving tube (22) and restraining fan housing (23); Said speedup fan (29) is located at said convergence fan housing (23) front end, and the design speed of said speedup fan (29) is vertically opposite faster than rotating speed and its plane of exporting wind direction and said impeller (2) place of said impeller (2).
2. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said convergence fan housing (23) is whole for annular, and the said tube (22) that revolves is fixed in the said convergence fan housing (23), and said convergence fan housing (23) constitutes enclosed construction.
3. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the quantity of said impeller (2) is even number; Per two of said even number impeller (2) constitutes a pair of impeller sets, and any a pair of impeller sets all is installed on the front end of said solid of rotation (3) through hub body (34), and is some to the installation of staggering before and after the impeller sets; Said drive unit is an oil hydraulic motor, and each axis of rotation to impeller sets (21) all oil hydraulic motor (28) of each free twin shaft output drives.
4. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said hub body (34) is double-deck load-carrying construction; The focce-bearing layer of said hub body (34) is provided with the bearing support in order to the bearing (342) that the axis of rotation (21) is installed, and said bearing support is evenly arranged in the space; Said hub body (34) center is provided with axis hole (345), and said hollow shaft (31) is fixed in the said hub body (34) after passing said axis hole (345); Said hub body (34) two ends are arranged with leading web (343) and trailing web (344), and said leading web (343), trailing web (344) constitute the load-carrying construction that seals with said hub body (34); Said solid of rotation (3) front end is provided with cowling (32); Said hub body (34) front portion also is fixedly connected with fixed support (341); Said speedup fan (29) and cowling (32) are individually fixed on the said fixed support (341), and said speedup fan (29) and cowling (32) rotate through said fixed support (341) and said hub body (34) synchronously.
5. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the outer wall of said hub body (34) joins with the cowling (32) that is positioned at said solid of rotation (3) front end and rotation synchronously; Said solid of rotation (3) rear end also is provided with fixing with it tail cone (33); Said cowling (32), solid of rotation (3) constitute the spindle on the aerodynamics jointly with tail cone (33), also are provided with revolution supporting frame (35) in the said solid of rotation (3), and said revolution supporting frame (35) is fixedly connected with said solid of rotation (3); Said hollow shaft (31) two ends also are provided with bearing (36); Said hollow shaft (31) passes said hub body (34) center and is supported in the said revolution supporting frame (35) through said bearing (36), said hub body (34) and said hollow shaft (31) Joint, and said bearing (36) is a magnetic suspension bearing.
6. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: be provided with high-pressure hydraulic pump (5) and oil hydraulic motor (6) between said hollow shaft (31) and the generator set (4); Said high-pressure hydraulic pump (5) also is parallel with several bladder accumulators (7); High-pressure hydraulic pump (5) is through parallelly connected with said bladder accumulator (7), and the output high pressure oil also drives oil hydraulic motor (6) thereby drive generator set (4) rotation generating; Also be provided with coupling (61) between said oil hydraulic motor (6) and the said generator set (4), said pylon (1) bottom is provided with the work chamber (11) of seal structure, and said oil hydraulic motor (6) and generator set (4) all are located in the work chamber (11) of said pylon (1) bottom.
7. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: said impeller (2) is frame structure; The impeller of described frame structure (2) outer surface is coated with the impeller outer covering; Said impeller outer covering also is supported through the frame structure of said impeller (2) according to the outer surface of the tight inclusion of said impeller (2) shape in impeller (2), the inner impeller inner chamber that constitutes sealing of described impeller outer covering.
8. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: said impeller outer covering is by the covering that adopts the elastomeric light material to process outer (24) and be positioned at the range upon range of formation of covering focce-bearing layer (25) under it; Said covering focce-bearing layer (25) adopts the toughness light weight insulating material to process; Said covering focce-bearing layer (25) is provided with some through holes (251); Said through hole (251) is evenly arranged on said covering focce-bearing layer (25) surface, and said covering outer (24) fits tightly in the outer surface of said covering focce-bearing layer (25), and said fitting tightly in the covering outer (24) of covering focce-bearing layer (25) outer surface forming pit (241) with said through hole (251) corresponding section; Said pit (241) is arranged in the outer surface rule of said covering outer (24); Also be provided with heating film (26) between said covering outer (24) and the covering focce-bearing layer (25), said heating film (26) is connected with power supply, also is provided with lightning protection lead (27) in any said impeller outer covering; One end of said lightning protection lead (27) is connected in said impeller (2) top, and the other end penetrates solid of rotation (3) back along pylon (1) ground connection.
9. a kind of wind generating unit according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described wind generating unit also is provided with wind plant; Said wind plant is made up of rotary actuator (8) and sensor combination; Said rotary actuator (8) is located at the joint of said solid of rotation (3) and said pylon (1), and the said rotary actuator of said sensor drive (8) drives said solid of rotation (3) and in horizontal plane, turns round; Also be provided with lift (9) in the said pylon (1), the structure-bearing point of said lift (9) is positioned at the top of said solid of rotation (3).
CN2009101527730A 2009-09-29 2009-09-29 Wind power generation device Expired - Fee Related CN101694208B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012119603A2 (en) * 2011-03-08 2012-09-13 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine rotor shaft support structure
CN106917723A (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-07-04 上海稳得新能源科技有限公司 Large-scale inductor can be with magnetic suspension structure wind power generating set

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1402707A1 (en) * 1986-11-10 1988-06-15 Ч. -К.А.Будревич Windmill
RO103042B1 (en) * 1989-01-25 1993-03-05 Univ Brasov Reversible gas-dynamic machine
JP2007315182A (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-12-06 Yasuteru Watabe Wind-collecting magnus type windmill
WO2008111922A2 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Siyar Mehmetoglu Wind turbine mechanism strengthened by the magnus effect

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1402707A1 (en) * 1986-11-10 1988-06-15 Ч. -К.А.Будревич Windmill
RO103042B1 (en) * 1989-01-25 1993-03-05 Univ Brasov Reversible gas-dynamic machine
JP2007315182A (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-12-06 Yasuteru Watabe Wind-collecting magnus type windmill
WO2008111922A2 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Siyar Mehmetoglu Wind turbine mechanism strengthened by the magnus effect

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