CN101692113A - Method for diagnosing fault of power transformer on the basis of interval mathematical theory - Google Patents

Method for diagnosing fault of power transformer on the basis of interval mathematical theory Download PDF

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CN101692113A
CN101692113A CN200910070776A CN200910070776A CN101692113A CN 101692113 A CN101692113 A CN 101692113A CN 200910070776 A CN200910070776 A CN 200910070776A CN 200910070776 A CN200910070776 A CN 200910070776A CN 101692113 A CN101692113 A CN 101692113A
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power transformer
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王守相
陈秀丽
王成山
王慧
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

Aiming at better describing the statistical dispersion characteristics of boundary points, the invention relates to a more practical, popular and adaptive method for more accurately diagnosing the fault of a power transformer on the basis of the interval mathematical theory, belonging to the field of the main power equipment fault diagnosis technology. The following technical schemes are adopted in the invention: (1) a syringe with good air tightness is adopted for injecting the oil sample; (2) after the gases in the collected oil sample are subjected to ultrasonic and vacuum removal and separation in an oil-gas separating room, the components and the content of the gases are analyzed with a gas chromatograph; (3) three contrast values on the components of the five characteristic gas are formed through calculation and are represented with different codes; (4) the maximum three contrast values on the content of the five characteristic gas, which is measured in a plurality of experiments, are extracted to form the interval numbers of the three contrast values; and (5) the corresponding type and nature of the fault of the power transformer are determined. The method is mainly used for diagnosing the fault of the power transformer.

Description

Method for diagnosing fault of power transformer based on the intervl mathematics theory
Technical field
The present invention relates to main apparatus fault diagnosis technology field, particularly based on the method for diagnosing fault of power transformer of intervl mathematics theory.
Technical background
Diagnosing fault of power transformer obtains the extensive attention of academia and engineering circle always.Oil immersed power transformer synthetic fault diagnosis based on artificial intelligence technologys such as expert system, fuzzy theory, neural networks is studied widely, but these above methods often all need a large amount of statistical informations and priori, thereby calculate, train complicated, and the complicacy of real transformer fault and running environment badly caused fault knowledge incomplete or detect loss of learning, make them also unsatisfactory aspect diagnosis capability, applicability and knowledge acquisition, in the use of reality, have certain problem.The transformer oil three-ratio method be owing to can find latent fault in the transformer, as the main means of transformer fault diagnosis and widespread use.
Insulation Fault method based on the IEC three-ratio method is through after the degassing, adopts each gas composition content in the stratographic analysis transformer oil sample, by calculating CH 4/ C 2H 4, CH 4/ H 2, C 2H 4/ C 2H 6, five kinds of characteristic gas selecting for use are constituted three correlative values, under same case with these ratios with different coded representations.Draw coding according to test result calculations, and three correlative values are converted into the respective coding group, find out corresponding fault type and nature of trouble.
The various rules and the guide rule that are used for transformer fault diagnosis have at present generally only provided the description on a failure judgement border, are difficult to explain the objective law between fault and each characteristic quantity.When adopting three-ratio method to judge transformer insulated fault type, the frontier point the 0.1,1, the 3rd of the gas ratio that provides obtains according to great number of statistic data, and the value of frontier point has certain diversity and ambiguity.When the ratio of gas was near frontier point, the minor variations of data made coding change a lot easily, thereby caused erroneous judgement insulation fault type.Because fault form and the complex relationship of fault type and the ambiguity of failure modes, three-ratio method often is difficult to be competent at, and especially at the boundary of coding, ambiguity increases, and the error of three-ratio method also strengthens thereupon.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy the deficiency of traditional three ratio approach, the statistical dispersing characteristic of frontier point is better described, to diagnose the fault of transformer more accurately, provide a kind of method for diagnosing fault of power transformer based on the intervl mathematics theory with good practicability, generalization and adaptivity.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method for diagnosing fault of power transformer based on the intervl mathematics theory comprises the following steps:
(1) uses the good syringe sampling of impermeability,, answer sample introduction at least twice, get its mean value suspecting out of order equipment;
(2) after the oil sample of being gathered carries out ultrasound wave and vacuum outgas separates in the gas-oil separation chamber, utilize gas chromatograph to carry out component and analysis on Content, analytic target is hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethene, acetylene and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;
(3) by calculating methane CH 4/ ethene C 2H 4, methane CH 4/ hydrogen H 2, ethene C 2H 4/ ethane C 2H 6Five kinds of characteristic gas selecting for use are constituted three correlative values, under same case with these ratios with different coded representations, with [0.08,0.12], [0.9,1.1], [2.9,3.1] three intervals are as between standard regions, the gas section of three ratios of gas composition in the oil is divided, formed the three-ratio method coding rule that replaces point with interval;
(4) get gas content three ratios that repeatedly experiment records and be worth the interval number that forms each ratio most;
(5) the interval number size comparative approach of the confidence level metric function description of utilization proposition, gas content three ratios that record are interval to carry out size relatively with the benchmark interval number with repeatedly testing, in conjunction with described coding rule of the 3rd step, three correlative values are converted into respective coding, determine corresponding fault type and nature of trouble.
Described (3), (4), (5) are specially: make W=C 2H 2/ C 2H 4, Y=CH 4/ H 2, X=C 2H 4/ C 2H 6, then
Figure G200910070776XD0000021
Figure G200910070776XD0000022
Figure G200910070776XD0000023
Size between interval number more to be measured and reference region: establish interval number
Figure G200910070776XD0000024
Interval mid point is
Figure G200910070776XD0000026
Interval radius is
Figure G200910070776XD0000027
Interval width is
Figure G200910070776XD0000028
Then
1). if Claim
Figure G200910070776XD00000210
Very less than
Figure G200910070776XD00000211
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000212
2). if
Figure G200910070776XD00000213
Claim
Figure G200910070776XD00000214
Plan less than
Figure G200910070776XD00000215
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000216
3). if x= yAnd x=y claims
Figure G200910070776XD00000217
Really equal
Figure G200910070776XD00000218
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000219
4). if
Figure G200910070776XD00000220
Claim
Figure G200910070776XD00000221
Plan equals
Figure G200910070776XD00000222
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000223
If
Figure G200910070776XD00000224
With a plurality of intervals to be compared (i=1,2 ..., mid point m) is respectively
Figure G200910070776XD00000226
With
Figure G200910070776XD00000227
Radius is respectively
Figure G200910070776XD00000228
With
Figure G200910070776XD00000229
And note
Figure G200910070776XD00000230
Confidence level metric function expression formula is as follows:
u ( d i ) = d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i d i < - ( r 0 + r i ) 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p - ( r 0 + r i ) &le; d i < 0 0.5 d i = 0 1 - 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p 0 < d i &le; r 0 + r i d i r 0 + r i d i > r 0 + r i
P ∈ { (1/M) in the formula; M}, M are limited big integer,
By the definition relatively of interval number size, d i≤-(r 0+ r i) time, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000232
Very greater than the interval Situation;-(r 0+ r I)≤ d i＜0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000234
I intends greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000235
Situation; d i=0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000236
It is interval that plan equals
Figure G200910070776XD00000237
Situation; 0＜d i＜r 0+ r iThe time, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000238
Plan is less than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000239
Situation; d i＞r 0+ r iThe time, corresponding interval Very greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000241
Situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 transformer fault diagnosis system process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is based on the improvement three-ratio method process flow diagram of intervl mathematics theory.
Embodiment
Table 1 and table 2 are respectively three-ratio method fault type determination methods and of the present invention with the interval three-ratio method coding rule tabulation that replaces point.
Table 1 three-ratio method fault type determination methods
Figure G200910070776XD0000031
Table 2 replaces the three-ratio method coding rule of point with the interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000032
Carrying out fault diagnosis with certain electric substation's main transformer below is example, further specifies the present invention.
One, data aggregation
Shown in Fig. 1 system flowchart, use the good syringe of impermeability that the transformer oil sample is in time gathered, the oil sample of being gathered carries out ultrasound wave in the gas-oil separation chamber separates with vacuum outgas, and failure gas is injected chromatograph carry out component and analysis on Content, analytic target is hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethene, acetylene and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide etc.Institute's image data is as shown in table 3.
Certain electric substation's 12.25 oil sample data of table 3
Figure G200910070776XD0000041
Two. the method for diagnosing faults concrete steps are as follows
(1) by calculating CH 4/ C 2H 4, CH 4/ H 2, C 2H 4/ C 2H 6, five kinds of characteristic gas selecting for use are constituted three correlative values, under same case with these ratios with different coded representations., as between standard regions the gas section of three ratios of gas composition in the oil is divided with [0.08,0.12], [0.9,1.1], [2.9,3.1] three intervals, formed the three-ratio method coding rule that replaces point with interval.
(2) the interval number size comparative approach of the confidence level metric function description of utilization proposition, gas content three ratios that record are interval to carry out size relatively with the benchmark interval number with repeatedly testing, in conjunction with the three-ratio method coding rule in (1) step, three correlative values are converted into respective coding, to determine corresponding fault type and nature of trouble.Its idiographic flow is as shown in Figure 2:
A. according to the method in above-mentioned several steps, repeatedly experiment obtains the content of each gas in the oil, calculates CH 4/ C 2H 4, CH 4/ H 2, C 2H 4/ C 2H 6Three correlative values are got it and are worth most, form interval number to be measured,
Make W=C 2H 2/ C 2H 4, Y=CH 4/ H 2, X=C 2H 4/ C 2H 6,
Then
Figure G200910070776XD0000042
Figure G200910070776XD0000043
Size between interval number b. more to be measured and reference region:
If interval number
Figure G200910070776XD0000045
Figure G200910070776XD0000046
Interval mid point is Interval radius is
Figure G200910070776XD0000048
Interval width is
Figure G200910070776XD0000049
Then
1). if x＜ y, claim Very less than
Figure G200910070776XD00000411
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000412
2). if
Figure G200910070776XD00000413
Claim
Figure G200910070776XD00000414
Plan less than
Figure G200910070776XD00000415
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000416
3). if x= yAnd x=y claims
Figure G200910070776XD00000417
Really equal
Figure G200910070776XD00000418
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000419
4). if Claim
Figure G200910070776XD00000421
Plan equals
Figure G200910070776XD00000422
Note is done
Figure G200910070776XD00000423
When each interval all and between reference region
Figure G200910070776XD00000424
Have when overlapping, interval big or small comparison problem, the new interval big or small comparative approach that utilizes the confidence level metric function to describe is with between reference region For benchmark solves:
If
Figure G200910070776XD00000426
With a plurality of intervals to be compared
Figure G200910070776XD00000427
(i=1,2 ..., mid point m) is respectively With
Figure G200910070776XD00000429
Radius is respectively
Figure G200910070776XD00000430
With
Figure G200910070776XD00000431
And note
Figure G200910070776XD00000432
Described confidence level metric function expression formula is as follows:
u ( d i ) = d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i d i < - ( r 0 + r i ) 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p - ( r 0 + r i ) &le; d i < 0 0.5 d i = 0 1 - 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p 0 < d i &le; r 0 + r i d i r 0 + r i d i > r 0 + r i
P ∈ { (1/M) in the formula; M}, M are limited big integer.The value of p reflected the decision maker to " will be very near the plan of quasi-equal (promptly the mid point in two intervals is very approaching) less than situation regard as less than " and " will be very near quasi-equal plan greater than situation regard as less than " attitude of being held and tendency (or claim to like be partial to).
By the definition relatively of interval number size, d i≤-(r 0+ r i) time, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000052
Very greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000053
Situation;-(r 0+ r I)≤ d i＜0 o'clock, corresponding interval I intends greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000055
Situation; d i=0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000056
It is interval that plan equals
Figure G200910070776XD0000057
Situation; 0＜d i＜r 0+ r iThe time, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000058
Plan is less than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD0000059
Situation; d i＞r 0+ r iThe time, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000510
Very greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000511
Situation.
C 2H 2/ C 2H 4=[0,0] be encoded to 0
C 2H 4/ C 2H 6=[0.30,0.44] is encoded to 0
Y ^ i = CH 4 / H 2 = [ 0.942,1.11 ]
Y ^ 0 = [ 0.9,1.1 ]
Compare interval number With
Figure G200910070776XD00000515
Size
di = Mid ( Y ^ 0 ) - Mid ( Y ^ i ) = ( 0.9 + 1.1 ) / 2 - ( 0.942 + 1.11 ) / 2 = - 0.026
Rad ( Y ^ 0 ) = ( 1.1 - 0.9 ) / 2 = 0.1
Rad ( Y ^ i ) = ( 1.11 - 0.942 ) / 2 = 0.084
r 0+r i＝0.1+0.084＝0.184
-(r 0+ r i)≤d i＜0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000519
Plan is greater than the interval
Figure G200910070776XD00000520
Situation;
Be CH 4/ H 2=[0.942,1.11] is encoded to 2
Obtain be encoded to " 020 " after the interval processing of three ratios thus, fault type is a cryogenic overheating.
Three, result of calculation analysis
According to the coding that obtains " 020 ",, can determine that transformer fault type to be checked is a cryogenic overheating according to three-ratio method fault type determination methods.
We can be C in the hope of the mean value without the interval processing also 2H 2/ C 2H 4=0, CH 4/ H 2=0.9947, C 2H 4/ C 2H 6=0.3598, three ratios are encoded to " 000 ", do not have fault.By being the cryogenic overheating fault in conjunction with test data analysis, be consistent with three ratio approach result of calculations through the interval processing to transformer fault position outward appearance.
Contain the gas test data message in the transformer oil of the present invention with 582 main-transformer 2001-2009 of 286 35kV-110kV electric substations of Daqing oil field Power Group and carry out instance analysis, its diagnostic result conforms to actual conditions; Utilize this method to carry out fault diagnosis, accuracy of diagnosis is obviously than IEC three-ratio method height, and in the maintenance of Daqing oil field Power Group electric substation main-transformer, obtain practical application, and owing to, just accepted at an easy rate by the maintenance personnel based on the IEC three-ratio method.

Claims (2)

1. the method for diagnosing fault of power transformer based on the intervl mathematics theory is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) uses the good syringe sampling of impermeability,, answer sample introduction at least twice, get its mean value suspecting out of order equipment;
(2) after the oil sample of being gathered carries out ultrasound wave and vacuum outgas separates in the gas-oil separation chamber, utilize gas chromatograph to carry out component and analysis on Content, analytic target is hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethene, acetylene and carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;
(3) by calculating methane CH 4/ ethene C 2H 4, methane CH 4/ hydrogen H 2, ethene C 2H 4/ ethane C 2H 6Five kinds of characteristic gas selecting for use are constituted three correlative values, under same case with these ratios with different coded representations, with [0.08,0.121, [0.9,1.1], [2.9,3.1] three intervals are as between standard regions, the gas section of three ratios of gas composition in the oil is divided, formed the three-ratio method coding rule that replaces point with interval;
(4) get gas content three ratios that repeatedly experiment records and be worth the interval number that forms each ratio most;
(5) the interval number size comparative approach of the confidence level metric function description of utilization proposition, gas content three ratios that record are interval to carry out size relatively with the benchmark interval number with repeatedly testing, in conjunction with described coding rule of the 3rd step, three correlative values are converted into respective coding, determine corresponding fault type and nature of trouble.
2. a kind of method for diagnosing fault of power transformer based on the intervl mathematics theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that described (3), (4), (5) are specially: make W=C 2H 2/ C 2H 4, Y=CH 4/ H 2, X=C 2H 4/ C 2H 6, then
Figure F200910070776XC0000011
Figure F200910070776XC0000012
Figure F200910070776XC0000013
Size between interval number more to be measured and reference region: establish interval number
Figure F200910070776XC0000014
Figure F200910070776XC0000015
Interval mid point is
Figure F200910070776XC0000016
Interval radius is
Figure F200910070776XC0000017
Interval width is
Figure F200910070776XC0000018
Then
1). if x＜ y, claim
Figure F200910070776XC0000019
Very less than
Figure F200910070776XC00000110
Note is done
Figure F200910070776XC00000111
2). if
Figure F200910070776XC00000112
Claim
Figure F200910070776XC00000113
Plan less than
Figure F200910070776XC00000114
Note is done
3). if x= yAnd x=y claims
Figure F200910070776XC00000116
Really equal
Figure F200910070776XC00000117
Note is done
Figure F200910070776XC00000118
4). if
Figure F200910070776XC00000119
Claim
Figure F200910070776XC00000120
Plan equals
Figure F200910070776XC00000121
Note is done
If With a plurality of intervals to be compared
Figure F200910070776XC00000124
Mid point be respectively
Figure F200910070776XC00000125
With
Figure F200910070776XC00000126
Radius is respectively With
Figure F200910070776XC00000128
And note
Figure F200910070776XC00000129
Confidence level metric function expression formula is as follows:
u ( d i ) = d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i d i < - ( r 0 + r i ) 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p - ( r 0 + r i ) &le; d i < 0 0.5 d i = 0 1 - 1 2 [ d i + r 0 + r i r 0 + r i ] p 0 < d i &le; r 0 + r i d i r 0 + r i d i > r 0 + r i
P ∈ { (1/M) in the formula; M}, M are limited big integer,
By the definition relatively of interval number size, d i≤-(r 0+ r i) time, corresponding interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000021
Very greater than the interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000022
Situation;-(r 0+ r 0)≤d i＜0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000023
I intends greater than the interval Situation; d i=0 o'clock, corresponding interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000025
It is interval that plan equals Situation; 0＜d i＜r 0+ r jThe time, corresponding interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000027
Plan is less than the interval Situation; d i＞r 0+ r iThe time, corresponding interval
Figure F200910070776XC0000029
Very greater than the interval Situation.
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CN104198840B (en) * 2014-08-07 2017-02-08 华北电力大学（保定） Transformer three-ratio fault diagnosis method improved by B-spline theory
CN104198840A (en) * 2014-08-07 2014-12-10 华北电力大学（保定） Transformer three-ratio fault diagnosis method improved by B-spline theory
CN104730378A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-24 国家电网公司 Internal transformer composite-defect fuzzy diagnostic method based on gas dissolved in oil
CN104730378B (en) * 2015-02-13 2017-12-22 国家电网公司 Inside transformer complex defect fuzzy diagnosis method based on oil dissolved gas
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CN108021942A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-05-11 朱震 A kind of power transformer incipient fault diagnostic method
CN109799405A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-24 西安工程大学 It is a kind of based on time series-Kalman filtering transformer fault prediction technique
CN113655307A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Abnormity monitoring method, device and equipment for production equipment and injection molding machine
CN114252110A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-03-29 山东和兑智能科技有限公司 Intelligent evaluation system and evaluation method for power transformation equipment
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