CN101686110A - Multi-input multi-output system, data transmission method and data transmission device thereof - Google Patents

Multi-input multi-output system, data transmission method and data transmission device thereof Download PDF

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CN101686110A
CN101686110A CN200810223364A CN200810223364A CN101686110A CN 101686110 A CN101686110 A CN 101686110A CN 200810223364 A CN200810223364 A CN 200810223364A CN 200810223364 A CN200810223364 A CN 200810223364A CN 101686110 A CN101686110 A CN 101686110A
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base station
uplink
precoding matrix
data stream
reference signal
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CN101686110B (en
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缪德山
陈文洪
拉盖施
索士强
孙韶辉
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Xiaomi Inc
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-input multi-output system, a data transmission method and a data transmission device thereof, which are used for improving the throughput of uplink data transmission inthe multi-input multi-output system. The method comprises that: a user terminal side performs corresponding modulation and coding on a data stream to be transmitted according to received modulation and coding scheme MCS information determined by a base station side, and inserts a user dedicated demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be transmitted respectively; downlink channel estimation is performed, and according to downlink channel information obtained by the estimation, eigenvalue decomposition is performed to obtain a corresponding pre-coding matrix which is used as an uplink pre-coding matrix; and the uplink pre-coding matrix is adopted to pre-code the data stream inserted with the user dedicated demodulation reference signal, and then the pre-coded data stream is transmitted to the base station side. The method and the device fully utilize uplink channel state information to obtain the spatial diversity gain of a plurality of antennae and improve the throughputof the uplink data transmission.

Description

Multi-input multi-output system, and data transmission method and device thereof
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system and a method and an apparatus for data transmission thereof.
Background
The MIMO technology uses multiple antennas at both the transmitting end and the receiving end for transmitting and receiving, thereby greatly improving the transmission performance and capacity of the system. The MIMO transmit diversity technique is to repeatedly transmit precoded data streams at a transmitting end, thereby obtaining diversity gain and coding gain; the space multiplexing technology of the MIMO system is that a sending end sends a plurality of different data streams, thereby improving the capacity and the spectrum efficiency of the communication system by times under the condition of not increasing the bandwidth, really embodying the essence of improving the capacity of the MIMO system, but requiring the channel to be equivalent to a plurality of independent parallel sub-channels, thereby not generating interference among the data streams.
In uplink transmission, in order to achieve a higher peak rate, an original User Equipment (UE) uses single-antenna transmission, which cannot meet the requirement of future communication development. Therefore, the uplink MIMO technology is an inevitable development, and is an important step in the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) to the Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-Advanced). An uplink Single-user Multiple Input Multiple Output (SU-MIMO) system can have two modes, namely a closed-loop mode and an open-loop mode. The open-loop SU-MIMO system does not require feedback of channel information, including uplink transmit diversity, uplink open-loop spatial multiplexing and other techniques, and is equivalent to a transmission mode in which a precoding matrix is a unit matrix. The closed loop SU-MIMO mode fully utilizes the feedback of the channel information, and adaptively adjusts the precoding matrix according to the channel information, thereby obtaining larger system capacity.
The open-loop SU-MIMO mode is generally used at high speed, where the performance of the closed-loop mode deteriorates drastically due to fast channel variations. When the channel quality is bad, the Diversity gain can be obtained by using open loop transmit Diversity, including Space and Time Block Code (STBC), Space and Frequency Block Code (SFBC), Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD), and other methods; when the channel quality is good, the space diversity gain can be obtained by using open-loop space multiplexing. The closed-loop mode is generally used at a low speed with good channel quality, where the channel changes rapidly and the feedback delay does not cause performance degradation, so that precoding with channel information can reduce interference among multiple data streams and obtain a large spatial gain.
At present, a codebook form is adopted when a closed loop SU-MIMO system carries out uplink transmission. It is characterized by that the base station can select code word in the code book known by both base station and terminal according to the up channel information, so as to obtain the precoding matrix. The Precoding used by the UE is obtained from a Precoding Matrix Index (PMI) notified from the BS.
For the open loop SU-MIMO mode, the throughput of the system is low because the channel information is not fully utilized to match the channel; for the SU-MIMO mode in the form of a closed-loop codebook, the throughput of the system is also affected due to the codebook quantization. Meanwhile, the latter informs the UE of the PMI also increases signaling overhead.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-input multi-output system and a data transmission method and device thereof, which are used for improving the throughput of uplink data transmission in the multi-input multi-output system.
The invention provides a method for transmitting uplink data of a multi-input multi-output system, which comprises the following steps:
the user terminal side carries out corresponding modulation coding on the data stream to be sent according to the received modulation coding mode MCS information determined by the base station side, and inserts a user special demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be sent respectively;
estimating a downlink channel, decomposing a characteristic value according to downlink channel information obtained by estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and taking the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix;
and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to the base station side.
The invention provides a data transmission device in a multi-input multi-output system, which comprises:
a modulation coding unit, configured to perform corresponding modulation coding on a data stream to be transmitted according to the received MCS information determined by the base station;
a reference signal insertion unit for inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal in each data stream to be transmitted, respectively;
a precoding matrix obtaining unit, configured to perform downlink channel estimation using a downlink reference signal sent by a base station side, perform eigenvalue decomposition according to downlink channel information obtained through estimation, obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and use the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix;
a precoding unit, configured to precode, by using the uplink precoding matrix, a data stream into which a user-specific demodulation reference signal is inserted;
and the transmitting unit is used for transmitting the precoded data stream to the base station.
The base station provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
a channel estimation unit, configured to perform uplink channel estimation through a sounding reference signal sent by a user terminal;
a resource scheduling unit, configured to allocate physical resources required for next transmission to the ue;
and the MCS information determining unit estimates a corresponding CQI according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determines the corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
The invention provides a multiple-input multiple-output system, comprising:
the base station is used for carrying out uplink channel estimation through the sounding reference signal sent by the user terminal and distributing physical resources required by next transmission for the user terminal; and estimating a corresponding Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determining corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
The user terminal is used for carrying out corresponding modulation coding on the data streams to be sent according to the received modulation coding scheme MCS information determined by the base station side, and inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be sent respectively; performing eigenvalue decomposition by using downlink channel information obtained by downlink channel estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and using the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix; and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to a base station.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the uplink precoding matrix is obtained by using the symmetry of the uplink and the downlink, that is: the terminal side obtains the uplink channel information by using the downlink channel information, and the uplink channel information is used for precoding the uplink data to be sent and then sending the precoded uplink data to the base station side, so that the uplink channel state information is fully used to obtain the space diversity gain of multiple antennas, the throughput of uplink data transmission is improved, and the system capacity is enlarged.
And because the MCS information is estimated by the base station through the sounding reference signal, the reasonable resource scheduling can be performed on the UE on the whole bandwidth, and meanwhile, a proper modulation and coding mode is selected for the UE.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station side does not need to send PMI feedback to the terminal side, thereby reducing signaling overhead, and the base station side can demodulate and detect the received uplink data without knowing a precoding matrix when receiving the uplink data, therefore, the detection is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for implementing data transmission in a MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the comparison between the performances of the codebook-type SU-MIMO and the non-codebook-type SU-MIMO in the prior art.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, in an uplink and downlink symmetric MIMO system, a user terminal side can perform corresponding Modulation and coding on data streams to be sent according to received Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information determined by a base station side, and a user-specific demodulation reference signal is respectively inserted into each data stream to be sent; performing eigenvalue decomposition according to the downlink channel information obtained by estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and taking the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix; and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to the base station side. The MIMO system applied by the invention is a system with symmetrical uplink and downlink, so that the characteristic value decomposition can be carried out according to the estimated downlink channel information to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix is used as an uplink precoding matrix to carry out precoding on the uplink data to be transmitted. The uplink and downlink symmetric MIMO system may be a TDD system. The method does not need a codebook for quantization, and simultaneously well utilizes the uplink and downlink symmetry of the channel, thereby improving the throughput of an uplink system.
Here, the MCS information may be an MCS level, an identifier indicating a current coding scheme, or the like.
And the base station side can perform uplink channel estimation through a Sounding reference signal (Sounding) sent by the user terminal, allocate physical resources required by next transmission to the user terminal, estimate a corresponding CQI according to the uplink channel information of each physical resource, and determine corresponding MCS information according to the CQI. In this way, since the Sounding reference signal performs reasonable resource scheduling on the user terminal over the whole bandwidth, a more appropriate modulation and coding scheme for the user terminal can be provided.
Referring to fig. 1, the specific process of transmitting uplink data by the MIMO system according to the present invention is as follows:
step 101: and the Base Station (BS) side carries out uplink channel estimation through a Sounding reference signal sent by the user terminal, determines to allocate physical resources required by the next transmission for the user terminal, and estimates the CQI according to the uplink channel information of the physical resources required by the next transmission allocated for the user terminal.
Step 102: the BS side determines MCS information corresponding to the estimated CQI by using a preset corresponding relation between the CQI and the MCS.
Here, if in the TDD system, the specific step of estimating the CQI according to the uplink channel information of each physical resource can be implemented as follows: performing matrix decomposition according to uplink channel information of each physical resource to obtain a precoding matrix, calculating an approximate Signal-to-Interference-and-Noise ratio (SINR) by using EESM mapping according to the precoding matrix and the uplink channel information, and determining a CQI according to the SINR.
Step 103: the BS side notifies the user terminal of MCS information through a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).
Step 104: and the user terminal carries out corresponding modulation coding on the uplink data to be transmitted according to the received MCS information.
Step 105: the user terminal inserts user-specific demodulation reference signals into a plurality of data streams to be transmitted respectively according to a certain pilot frequency structure.
Step 106: and decomposing the obtained downlink channel information by a characteristic value to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, taking the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix, precoding the data inserted into the reference signal by using the uplink precoding matrix, and transmitting the data from a corresponding transmitting antenna.
For example: in the TDD system, due to the uplink and downlink symmetry of the TDD system, it can be considered that the uplink channel information is approximately equal to the downlink channel information, so the downlink channel information can be obtained by directly using the downlink common reference signal estimation, and then the eigenvalue decomposition is performed on the downlink channel information, thereby obtaining the uplink precoding matrix.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the symmetric uplink channel information and the symmetric downlink channel information are for the same physical resource block.
Step 107: and the BS side carries out channel estimation according to the user special reference signal to obtain an equivalent uplink channel for carrying out receiving detection on the received uplink data.
Referring to fig. 2, a data transmission apparatus in a mimo system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: modulation coding section 201, reference signal insertion section 202, precoding matrix acquisition section 203, precoding section 204, and transmission section 205. Wherein,
a modulation coding unit 201, configured to perform corresponding modulation coding on a data stream to be transmitted according to the received MCS information determined by the base station;
a reference signal insertion unit 202 for inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal in each data stream to be transmitted, respectively;
a precoding matrix obtaining unit 203, configured to perform downlink channel estimation using a downlink reference signal sent by a base station side, perform eigenvalue decomposition according to downlink channel information obtained through estimation, obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and use the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix;
a precoding unit 204, configured to precode, by using the uplink precoding matrix, a data stream into which a user-specific demodulation reference signal is inserted;
a transmitting unit 205, configured to send the precoded data stream to the base station.
The data transmission device shown in fig. 2 may be provided in the user terminal as a logical device, or may exist as a separate physical entity. The following describes a mimo system according to an embodiment of the present invention, taking as an example that a data transmission apparatus is provided as a logic apparatus in a user terminal.
The multiple input multiple output system of the embodiment of the invention comprises: a base station and a user terminal. Wherein,
the base station is used for carrying out uplink channel estimation through the sounding reference signal sent by the user terminal and distributing physical resources required by next transmission for the user terminal; and estimating a corresponding Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determining corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
The user terminal is used for carrying out corresponding modulation coding on the data streams to be sent according to the received modulation coding scheme MCS information determined by the base station side, and inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be sent respectively; performing eigenvalue decomposition by using downlink channel information obtained by downlink channel estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and using the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix; and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to a base station.
The base station may be configured to perform matrix decomposition according to the uplink channel information of each physical resource to obtain a precoding matrix, calculate an SINR by using an exponential effective signal-to-interference ratio mapping (EESM) mapping according to the precoding matrix and the uplink channel information, and determine a CQI according to the SINR.
The base station may further be configured to perform channel estimation according to the demodulation reference signal dedicated to the user, obtain equivalent uplink channel information, and perform reception detection on the data stream from the user terminal by using the equivalent uplink channel information.
The base station of the embodiment of the invention can comprise: the device comprises a channel estimation unit, a resource scheduling unit and an MCS information determination unit. The channel estimation unit is used for performing uplink channel estimation through a sounding reference signal sent by a user terminal; a resource scheduling unit, configured to allocate physical resources required for next transmission to the ue; and the MCS information determining unit estimates a corresponding CQI according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determines the corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
The MCS information determining unit may include: a precoding matrix determining unit and a CQI determining unit.
A precoding matrix determining unit, configured to perform matrix decomposition according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required for allocating next transmission to the user terminal to obtain a precoding matrix; a CQI determining unit, configured to calculate a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) according to the precoding matrix and the uplink channel information by using an exponential effective signal to interference ratio mapping (EESM) mapping; the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
The base station may further include: and the receiving detection unit is used for carrying out channel estimation according to the special demodulation reference signal of the user to obtain equivalent uplink channel information and carrying out receiving detection on the data stream from the user terminal by using the equivalent uplink channel information.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the comparison between the performances of the codebook-type SU-MIMO and the non-codebook-type SU-MIMO simulating the prior art. Referring to fig. 3, the 2x2 antenna array TU channel down codebook and non-codebook form SU-MIMO performance includes both ideal and true sounding estimation cases. As can be seen from the figure, closed loop SU-MIMO in the form of non-codebook has certain performance advantages both in the ideal case and in the real sounding estimation case.
The invention has wide applicability, is not only suitable for SU-MIMO under 2x2, but also can be used for data transmission under any antenna array (such as a polarized array) and any MIMO antenna configuration, and simultaneously can also comprise an uplink beamforming form.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in an MIMO system with uplink and downlink symmetry, an uplink precoding matrix is obtained by using downlink channel information similar to uplink channel information, that is: the terminal side obtains the uplink channel information by using the downlink channel information, and the uplink channel information is used for precoding the uplink data to be sent and then sending the precoded uplink data to the base station side, so that the uplink channel state information is fully used to obtain the space diversity gain of multiple antennas, and the system capacity is greatly improved.
And because the MCS information is estimated by the base station through the sounding reference signal, the UE can be reasonably scheduled on the whole bandwidth, and a proper modulation and coding mode is selected for the UE.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station side does not need to send PMI feedback to the terminal side, thereby reducing signaling overhead, and the base station side can demodulate and detect the received uplink data without knowing a precoding matrix when receiving the uplink data, therefore, the detection is convenient.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (11)

1. A method for uplink data transmission in a multiple-input multiple-output system, the method comprising the steps of:
the user terminal side carries out corresponding modulation coding on the data stream to be sent according to the received modulation coding mode MCS information determined by the base station side, and inserts a user special demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be sent respectively;
estimating a downlink channel, decomposing a characteristic value according to downlink channel information obtained by estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and taking the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix;
and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to the base station side.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the MCS information is determined by the base station side by:
the base station side carries out uplink channel estimation through a sounding reference signal sent by a user terminal and allocates physical resources required by next transmission for the user terminal;
and the base station side estimates a corresponding Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determines corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the mimo system is a TDD system, the base station side estimates a corresponding CQI according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required for allocating next transmission to the ue, including:
performing matrix decomposition according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal to obtain a precoding matrix;
according to the pre-coding matrix and the uplink channel information, utilizing an exponential effective signal-to-interference ratio mapping (EESM) to map and calculate a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR);
the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein after the data stream inserted with the user-specific demodulation reference signal is precoded by the uplink precoding matrix and then transmitted to a base station, the method further comprises:
the base station side carries out channel estimation according to the special demodulation reference signal of the user to obtain equivalent uplink channel information;
and receiving and detecting the data stream from the user terminal by using the equivalent uplink channel information.
5. A data transmission apparatus in a mimo system, the apparatus comprising:
a modulation coding unit, configured to perform corresponding modulation coding on a data stream to be transmitted according to the received MCS information determined by the base station;
a reference signal insertion unit for inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal in each data stream to be transmitted, respectively;
a precoding matrix obtaining unit, configured to perform downlink channel estimation using a downlink reference signal sent by a base station side, perform eigenvalue decomposition according to downlink channel information obtained through estimation, obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and use the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix;
a precoding unit, configured to precode, by using the uplink precoding matrix, a data stream into which a user-specific demodulation reference signal is inserted;
and the transmitting unit is used for transmitting the precoded data stream to the base station.
6. A base station, comprising:
a channel estimation unit, configured to perform uplink channel estimation through a sounding reference signal sent by a user terminal;
a resource scheduling unit, configured to allocate physical resources required for next transmission to the ue;
and the MCS information determining unit estimates a corresponding CQI according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determines the corresponding MCS information according to the CQI.
7. The base station of claim 6, wherein the MCS information determining unit comprises:
a precoding matrix determining unit, configured to perform matrix decomposition according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required for allocating next transmission to the user terminal to obtain a precoding matrix;
a CQI determining unit, configured to calculate a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) according to the precoding matrix and the uplink channel information by using an exponential effective signal to interference ratio mapping (EESM) mapping; the CQI is determined based on the SINR.
8. The base station of claim 6, wherein the base station further comprises:
and the receiving detection unit is used for carrying out channel estimation according to the special demodulation reference signal of the user to obtain equivalent uplink channel information and carrying out receiving detection on the data stream from the user terminal by using the equivalent uplink channel information.
9. A multiple-input multiple-output system, the system comprising:
the base station is used for carrying out uplink channel estimation through the sounding reference signal sent by the user terminal and distributing physical resources required by next transmission for the user terminal; estimating a corresponding Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required by the next transmission allocated to the user terminal, and determining corresponding MCS information according to the CQI;
the user terminal is used for carrying out corresponding modulation coding on the data streams to be sent according to the received modulation coding scheme MCS information determined by the base station side, and inserting a user-specific demodulation reference signal into each data stream to be sent respectively; performing eigenvalue decomposition by using downlink channel information obtained by downlink channel estimation to obtain a corresponding precoding matrix, and using the precoding matrix as an uplink precoding matrix; and precoding the data stream inserted with the special demodulation reference signal of the user by using the uplink precoding matrix and then sending the data stream to a base station.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the base station is configured to perform matrix decomposition according to the uplink channel information of the physical resource required for allocating the next transmission to the user terminal to obtain a precoding matrix, calculate a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) according to the precoding matrix and the uplink channel information by using an exponential effective signal-to-interference ratio (EESM) mapping, and determine the CQI according to the SINR.
11. The system of claim 9, wherein the base station is further configured to perform channel estimation according to a user-specific demodulation reference signal, obtain equivalent uplink channel information, and perform reception detection on the data stream from the user terminal by using the equivalent uplink channel information.
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