Background technology
Heavy water reactor has fuel channel closing plug, its with act on closed conduit closing plug end fitting, prevent that heavy water from leaking and the approach of the fuel of reloading.Sealing structure inserts ring by metal sealing and pipe sealing forms.Sealing structure is arranged on each end fitting of 380 fuel channels, and when needs refuelling, this pipe sealing plug periodically unloads and is assembled on this fuel channel from this fuel channel.
Because exotic flow into the pressure that this fuel channel causes solid exotic under seal pad partial rupture and high temperature and high pressure when unloading and installing fuel channel closing plug, or because the airtight fault that poor sealing and degeneration parts cause, heavy water all may leak from fuel channel.Measurement Technology of Acoustic Emission has been used to during reactor operation, and examination and controlling heavy water is from the leakage of fuel channel.
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of heavy water reactor, and wherein Ref. No. 100 represents heavy water reactor, and Ref. No. 101 represents one group of fuel channel.This group fuel channel 101 consists of for example fuel channel of 380 layouts parallel to each other, with mineralization pressure border.This pipe sealing plug is arranged on the end fitting of 380 fuel channels, acts on sealing, prevents that heavy water from leaking and the approach of the fuel of reloading to use.
Fig. 2 shows the fuel channel in one group of fuel channel shown in Fig. 1, and wherein Ref. No. 200 represents pipe sealing plug, and Ref. No. 210 represents the end fitting of pipe sealing plug.Fig. 3 is the photo of the plug of pipe sealing shown in Fig. 2 200, and wherein Ref. No. 210 represents the end fitting of pipe sealing plug.For each pipe sealing plug 200, by utilizing high temperature sonic transducer, sensor cable, prime amplifier, signal cable and signal analyzer, every fuel channel from 380 fuel channels gathers acoustical signal, carry out leak test, and the end fitting 210 of piezoelectricity sonic transducer contact pipe sealing plug 200.About more details, for example, please refer to the paper " Nondestructive Inspection of Pressure Tubes at the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station " 3 of O.A.Kupcis
rdconference on Periodic Inspection of Pressurized Components, I.Mech E., London, pp.19-25,1976.
The shortcoming of this traditional method of inspection is, for example, because therefore artificial collection signal is used the time of couplant and the cost of traverse measurement equipment long in order to check.In addition, because checker is arranged on sonic transducer pipe sealing in person beyond the Great Wall with collection signal.And the bonding force of coupling sensor is because of checker's difference difference, so be difficult to gather uniform signal.In addition, although under high temperature and radiation environment, need to test fast, because proving time is inadequate, therefore can not strictly check.
Embodiment
Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings the embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Fig. 4 shows the equipment leaking for detection of the pipe sealing plug on the fuel channel in heavy water reactor according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, this equipment is installed on the head 607 of Long-distance Control refuelling machine, and this Long-distance Control refuelling machine is for interpolation and unload nuclear fuel.Yet, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited thereto, without departing from the present invention, those skilled in the art modifications and changes the present invention easily.
As discussed in more detail below, in order to check whether the pipe sealing plug on the fuel channel in heavy water reactor leaks, the invention provides a kind of equipment, utilize the piezoelectricity sonic transducer and the microphone sonic transducer that are all built in the individual signals collector on the end fitting that is positioned at this fuel channel, this equipment is measured the inside and outside acoustical signal from this fuel channel simultaneously, that is the high frequency elasticity acoustical signal, producing during from fuel channel internal leakage when heavy water and be delivered to outside low-frequency acoustic signal.
By convention, checker is only arranged on piezoelectricity sonic transducer pipe sealing on fuel channel beyond the Great Wall in person, to check that heavy water is whether from the internal leakage of this fuel channel.Yet, according to the present invention, owing to utilizing refuelling machine can check all fuel channels and can measure the inside and outside acoustical signal from the pipe sealing plug of this fuel channel simultaneously, thus according to equipment of the present invention can realize fast, narrow examination.
In addition, because checker is not exposed under high temperature and radiation environment, so checker is safe and can checks at run duration.In addition, by contact this pipe sealing plug in the situation that not using couplant, can improve acoustical signal receiving efficiency, thus can be more accurately, measuring-signal reliably.
By the equipment leaking for detection of the pipe sealing plug on the fuel channel in heavy water reactor of describing in detail according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 5, according to the equipment of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise: signal picker, driver 600, control and power supply unit 800, signal amplification unit 700, signal analysis unit 900 and for being connected to the connector of the head rod (head bar) of refuelling machine.It should be noted that for convenience of explanation, Fig. 5 is the block scheme corresponding to the equipment of photo shown in Fig. 4, and shows the side schematic view of some critical piece of this equipment.
Signal picker is a kind of acoustical signal collector, pipe sealing plug on the fuel channel of its contact examine, and comprise piezoelectricity sonic transducer and microphone sonic transducer, to measure the inside and outside acoustical signal from the pipe sealing plug on this fuel channel simultaneously.
This signal picker gathers from the inside and outside elastic wave of the pipe sealing plug 200 on this fuel channel (being acoustical signal) simultaneously, and do not consider to check environment, wherein when the inside and outside leakage of the pipe sealing plug 200 of heavy water from this fuel channel, produce described elastic wave, thereby quickly and reliably obtain check result.
The equipment leaking for detection of the pipe sealing plug on the fuel channel in heavy water reactor will be described in detail.
Referring again to Fig. 5, this signal picker comprises sensor outer housing 400, on this sensor outer housing 400, is provided with contactor, to contact the end fitting of this fuel channel.This contactor can be made by latten(-tin) 401, with in the situation that there is no couplant, and the acoustic impedance while reducing signals collecting, thus improve acoustical signal receiving efficiency.
This signal picker comprises: high frequency sonic transducer 500, for high temperature and radial applications; Sensor cable 501, is connected to high frequency sonic transducer 500; All-bottom sound feeler 502; Conduit 503; And all-bottom sound sensor (being microphone sonic transducer) 504.
The all-bottom sound sensor 504 that is coupled to all-bottom sound collection feeler for signal is offered to signal processor can insert in this signal picker or signal amplifier 700, this signal amplifier 700 receives transducing signal by the sensor cable 501 of high frequency sonic transducer 500 and the conduit of all-bottom sound sensor 504 503, as shown in Figure 5.Yet, it should be noted that and can change according to design the arrangement of these parts.Ref. No. 402 in this figure represents spring.
Driver 600 utilizes the driving force from motor to make this signal picker, and latten(-tin) 401, approaches the end fitting (for example, the Ref. No. 210 in Fig. 3) of also slight face contact pipe sealing plug, as shown in Figure 4.Ref. No. 403 in Fig. 5 represents hinge, utilizes this hinge, and sensor outer housing 400 is hinged with driver 600.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, designing driver 600 is coupled to signal picker and signals collecting and amplification shell 710, as shown in the planimetric map in Fig. 6.
With reference to figure 6, driver 600 comprises: top actuating arm 601, bottom actuating arm 602, arm driven roller 603, three deflector rolls 604 and arm supporting bolts 605, so that this signal picker approaches and contacts the end fitting of this pipe sealing plug.Sensor cable 501 and acoustic conducting pipe 503 are positioned at bottom actuating arm 602.
Utilize clamp device 606, signals collecting engages (seeing Fig. 4) with amplifying shell 710 with the head rod 607 of refuelling machine, as shown in the front elevation in Fig. 7.
Be inserted into signals collecting, with the signal amplification unit 700 amplifying in shell 710, the weak acoustical signal being gathered by high frequency sonic transducer 500 and all-bottom sound sensor (microphone sonic transducer) 504 be amplified to several millivolts from several microvolts.By high frequency sound signal cable 801 and low-frequency acoustic signal cable 802, the high frequency sound signal being exaggerated and low-frequency acoustic signal are input to respectively signal analyzer 900.
Control with power supply unit 800 electric power is offered to driver 600 and signal amplifier 700.Control with power supply unit 800 and apply 12V direct current to amplify acoustical signal to signal amplifier 700, utilize 220V alternating current CD-ROM drive motor so that driver 600 moves to and fro, and to applying 12V direct current with the limit switch 404 of sensor outer housing 400 joints.Limit switch 404 further moves forward the latten(-tin) 401 engaging with spring 402 from approaching and contacting the end fitting of pipe sealing plug at latten(-tin) 401 after for preventing.
With reference to Fig. 8, signal analyzer 900 is described.
Signal analyzer 900 is for receiving acoustical signals from signal amplifier 700, and the amplitude of this acoustical signal, voltage and frequency are analyzed.For this reason, signal analyzer 900 is processed and on display, is shown this acoustical signal.Fig. 8 is the block scheme of signal analyzer 900.
The weak acoustical signal being gathered by high frequency sonic transducer 500 and all-bottom sound sensor 504 is exaggerated device (AMP) and amplifies.The high frequency sonic transducer signal being exaggerated is imported into RMS circuit 901 average by RMS circuit 901, and the all-bottom sound sensor signal being exaggerated is imported into another RMS circuit 902 average by RMS circuit 902.
High frequency sound signal after average is applied to analog to digital converter (ADC) 903, and the low-frequency acoustic signal after average is applied to analog to digital converter (ADC) 904.Digitized low-frequency acoustic signal and high frequency sound signal are stored in the storer (RAM) 905 in calculation element 909 for example.
Calculation element 909 comprises: microprocessor 906, RAM 905, display 910, USB interface 907 and RS-232 interface 908, and so that the input amplitude of this acoustical signal, voltage and frequency are analyzed.Calculation element 909 may further include terminal block 920 and data acquisition board (DAQ), to input and to show external voltage signal.
This calculation element for example can be determined acoustical signal level, the transducing signal gathering is carried out to voltage analysis and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (FFT) operation, and result is presented on display 910.
The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus for improvement of checking the conventional art of the pipe sealing plug leakage on fuel channel.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of technology that checks fast, reliably, because utilize the individual equipment that is coupled to refuelling machine to measure from the inside and outside acoustical signal of pipe sealing plug on this fuel channel simultaneously, can check easily all fuel channels.
In addition, because checker is not exposed under high temperature and radiation environment, so checker is safe and can checks at run duration.In addition, by contact pipe sealing plug in the situation that not using couplant, to improve acoustical signal receiving efficiency, thus can be more accurately, measuring-signal reliably.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of practical technique of pipe sealing being filled in to row leak test.
By convention, because using refuelling machine or acoustic inspection device, checker checks respectively 380 fuel channels, and check that a fuel channel spends approximately 10 minutes, so checker may suffer radiation problem, and inspection may spend nearly 3800 minutes completely.Yet equipment according to the present invention is arranged in existing power station on the refuelling machine in using, and this equipment of Long-distance Control, with these 380 fuel channels of rapid scanning.
In addition, by convention, the pipe sealing that checker is only arranged on piezoelectricity sonic transducer fuel channel in person beyond the Great Wall, to check that fuel channel leaks.Yet, refuelling machine inspection fuel channel due to current use in equipment utilization according to the present invention power station, and measure from the inside and outside acoustical signal of this fuel channel simultaneously, so can check fast, prevent that checker is by radiation, and prevent that heavy water from leaking from the pipe sealing plug of this fuel channel.
Although the invention provides some embodiment in order to illustrate, as explanation, provide these embodiment, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those of ordinary skills can carry out various modifications, change and replacement.Therefore, by claims and be equal to and limit the scope of the invention.