CN101674184B - Identity recognition method based on user keystroke characteristic - Google Patents
Identity recognition method based on user keystroke characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN101674184B CN101674184B CN2009102360566A CN200910236056A CN101674184B CN 101674184 B CN101674184 B CN 101674184B CN 2009102360566 A CN2009102360566 A CN 2009102360566A CN 200910236056 A CN200910236056 A CN 200910236056A CN 101674184 B CN101674184 B CN 101674184B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an identity recognition method based on a user keystroke characteristic, comprising the following steps: acquiring the user keystroke characteristic information to carry out filtering treatment; tracking the acquisition process of the step 1 by a driving security protection technology and securely processing acquired the keystroke characteristic information; using an SSL and identity mutual authentication technology to transmit the keystroke characteristic information acquired in the step 1; carrying out data pretreatment on the keystroke characteristic information; adopting an algorithm for supporting the improvement of a vector machine to calculate a sample mean value of the keystroke characteristic information data, and removing the noise in a sample; taking the sample mean value after being carried out statistics and pretreatment as a new sample and calculating and outputting identity recognition data; and securely storing the obtained identity recognition data to an identity recognition database. The identity recognition method is simple and effective, easily integrates with the original system, has very high pass rate of valid users and rejection rate of invalid users, can supply and replace the existing other identity recognition technologies and has very high application and promotion values.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of computer information security, a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke is provided.
Background technology
In current identity identification technical field, two class technology comparative maturities: one is based on the token technology of smart card, USBKey or dynamic password (OTP), and a kind of is biological identification technology.
Token technology is to combine with traditional username-password mode by specific software or hardware, constitute the dual factors identification system, can improve the fail safe of identification, though develop into present application comparative maturity, exist the cost height, dispose difficulty, the user is difficult for problems such as use, need low cost at some, the application of medium safety requirements exists the difficulty of popularization.
Biological identification technology is that high-tech means is close combines by computer and optics, acoustics, biology sensor and biostatistics principle etc., utilizes intrinsic physiological property of human body (as fingerprint, face picture, iris etc.) and behavioural characteristic (as signature, sound, gait etc.) to carry out the evaluation of personal identification.All there are some defectives in biological identification technology, changed by the influence of external environment condition and causes the identification difficulty, or produce counterfeit because of the development of technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke, be intended to solve existing identity recognizing technology dispose complicated, cost is high, the problem of ease for use difference, simultaneously, the present invention has improved security of system, has realized that dual factors keep fit part identification.
A kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke provided by the invention comprises the collecting flowchart of characteristics of user keystroke and the identification process of characteristics of user keystroke, and the concrete grammar step is as follows:
Step 1, collection characteristics of user keystroke information are also carried out filtration treatment;
When described keystroke characteristic information comprises user keystroke in information such as blanking time of time of staying of each button, adjacent key and keystroke dynamics; Keystroke characteristic information is carried out filtration treatment, and filtration treatment is meant between i8042prt driving and kbdclass driving and filters;
The keystroke characteristic information that step 2, the gatherer process that passes through driving security protection Technical Follow-Up step 1 and safe handling are gathered.
The critical code section of the keystroke characteristic information of gathering is added shell handle anti-dynamic and static debugging; Use self-testing mechanism, prevent third party's routine change program implementation logic;
Step 3, keystroke characteristic information that step 1 is gathered are by SSL and the mutual authentication techniques safe transmission of identity;
Step 4, keystroke characteristic information is carried out the data preliminary treatment;
Step 5, employing SVMs modified algorithm are calculated the sample average of keystroke characteristic information data, remove the noise in the sample; And, calculate output identification data by adding up pretreated sample average as new samples;
Step 6, store the above-mentioned identification data security that obtains into the identification database.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) simply effective based on the personal identification method of characteristics of user keystroke, be easy to original system integrated.
(2) adopted the SVMs modified algorithm, validated user percent of pass and disabled user's reject rate are very high, can replenish and substitute existing other identity recognizing technologies, have very high application and promotional value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the personal identification method flow chart that the present invention is based on characteristics of user keystroke;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention realizes gathering characteristics of user keystroke;
Fig. 3 is the identification system structural representation that the present invention is based on characteristics of user keystroke;
Fig. 4 gathers the flow chart that characteristics of user keystroke carries out user's registration in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the login method flow chart that carries out identification in the embodiment of the invention based on characteristics of user keystroke.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The invention provides a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke, method flow as shown in Figure 1, described method is specific implementation as follows:
Step 1, collection characteristics of user keystroke information are also carried out filtration treatment.
When comprising user keystroke, described keystroke characteristic, also comprises the keystroke dynamics in the time of staying of each button and the blanking time of adjacent key.The incident of user keystroke is directly to be input to whole identification system based on characteristics of user keystroke by bottom input equipment keyboard, and keyboard can be desktop keyboard, keyboard of notebook computer, ATM keyboard and cell phone keyboard etc.
As shown in Figure 2, each the keystroke incident at keyboard is provided with two collection points, and corresponding respectively button is pressed T constantly
DownLift T constantly with button
Up, when user keystroke, gather the time difference that two moment were pressed and lifted to user keystroke, i.e. time of staying T on each key
1:
T
1＝T
up-T
down，
Record is also preserved time of staying T
1
When the user knocks a plurality of button, gather the time value of pressing and lift the moment of each button, then can be poor according to the blanking time that these time values calculating user keystrokes are pressed and lifted between the incident, the time of staying T when drawing user keystroke on each key
1, and striding the key time between two adjacent key, i.e. T blanking time of adjacent key
2=T '
Down-T
Down, for example: when knocking continuous button " HELLO ", can collect time series T successively
1, T
2, T
3, T
4For the collection of keystroke dynamics a dynamics transducer only need be installed on keyboard carries out the dynamics detection and gathers getting final product.
The above-mentioned keystroke characteristic information that collects is carried out filtration treatment, and described filtration treatment can be done filtration in the junction that i8042prt drives and kbdclass drives, and also can do filtration before i8042prt drives or after the kbdclass driving.The keystroke characteristic information that obtains after filtering is more effectively with rationally.
The keystroke characteristic information that step 2, the gatherer process that passes through driving security protection Technical Follow-Up step 1 and safe handling are gathered.
Described driving security protection technology is meant that the critical code section to keystroke characteristic information adds the shell processing, anti-dynamic and static debugging; Use self-testing mechanism, prevent third party's routine change program implementation logic.
Step 3, keystroke characteristic information that step 1 is gathered are by SSL and the mutual authentication techniques safe transmission of identity;
Concrete transmission course is: gather characteristics of user keystroke information, and the data that collect are carried out the piecemeal storage, the order of determining by random factor is deposited then.
Described random factor sends to client by server end, client one-time pad enciphered data upload server.Described server end and client carry out adopting in the data transmission procedure the mutual authentication techniques safe transmission of identity to guarantee data transmission security.
Described encryption is meant the data security that adopts camouflage, perturbation technique and time factor technology etc. to guarantee safe control and keystroke characteristic information.
Step 4, keystroke characteristic information is carried out the data preliminary treatment.
After the KeyEvent that knocks generation by keyboard is hunted down, the number of division of KeyEvent on time shaft is designated as T, because user's input has n KeyEvent to produce, as importing n username and password, so obtained n value sequence T
n, pass through formula again
Calculate to generate the new sequence that n-1 value arranged, as the coordinate of the n-1 dimensional vector of SVMs;
The keystroke characteristic information data is carried out clustering processing, the keystroke characteristic information data of the each input of user is classified, the general recommendations user inputs 3～8 user names or password, the keystroke characteristic information of each input is as a class, characteristics of user keystroke information has the class of very big similitude to be divided into same class, and characteristics of user keystroke information has the class of very big diversity to be divided into different classes separately;
Data after the clustering processing are learnt and screened, select the bigger class characteristics of user keystroke information of similitude as data sample, other class is abandoned.
Step 5, employing SVMs modified algorithm are calculated the sample average of keystroke characteristic information data, remove the noise in the sample; And with sample average as new samples, calculate output identification data.
Step 6, store the above-mentioned identification data security that obtains into the identification database.
The mode of storage comprises fragmented storage and encrypts storage.
The keystroke characteristic information of the each input of user all with the identification database in the identification data compare, if the keystroke characteristic information and the identification data similarity in the identification database of new input are very big, the similarity requirement of compliance with system in other words, then checking is passed through, otherwise draw the identification error message, prompting is re-entered or is withdrawed from.Described similarity is that the requirement according to the required precision of system or user designs, and similarity is big more, and the accuracy of identification is big more, but high more to the action request of user's custom keystroke.
The present invention also provides a kind of identification system that is used to realize above-mentioned personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke, as shown in Figure 3, described identification system mainly comprises filter course driver module 201, driving security protection module 202, data security transport module 203, safe control module 301, identification proxy module 401, identification module 402 and identification database module 403, wherein filter course driver module 201 is gathered user keystroke information, and user keystroke information comprises the time of staying, the blanking time of adjacent key and keystroke dynamics size factor; Driving security protection module 202 guarantees fail safe, the reliability and availability of characteristics of user keystroke information gathering simultaneously in order to guarantee job stability, hardware compatibility, system compatibility and the self-security of filter course driver module 201; Data security transport module 203 is in order to guarantee that characteristics of user keystroke information is by the transmission security of filter course driver module 201 to safe control module 301; Safe control module 301 is transferred to identification proxy module 401 in order to the safety of protecting safe control program self and the characteristics of user keystroke information security that filter course driver module 201 is gathered; Identification proxy module 401 is responsible for collecting and preliminary treatment characteristics of user keystroke information, and pretreated characteristics of user keystroke information security is transferred to identification module 402; Identification module 402 is responsible for the keystroke characteristic information with process user such as SVMs modified algorithm, obtains user's identification data, and at last with the identification storage in identification database module 403.Keyboard 1 is the bottom input equipment, and the incident of user keystroke is directly to be input to whole identification system based on characteristics of user keystroke by keyboard 1, and keyboard 1 can be desktop keyboard, keyboard of notebook computer, ATM keyboard and cell phone keyboard etc.
At the keystroke time of keyboard 1, two collection points are set, corresponding respectively button is pressed T constantly
DownLift T constantly with button
Up, when user keystroke, the incident that button is pressed and lifted can trigger filter course driver module 201 and gather the time difference T that two moment were pressed and lifted to user keystroke
1=T
Up-T
Down, record is also preserved.
When the user knocks a plurality of button, filter course driver module 201 can collect pressing of each button and lift time value constantly, then can be poor according to the blanking time that these time values calculating user keystrokes are pressed and lifted between the incident, the time of staying T when drawing user keystroke on each key
1, and between two adjacent key, stride the key time T
2=T '
Down-T
DownSo, when knocking continuous button " HELLO ", can collect T
1, T
2, T
3, T
4, as shown in Figure 2.
Filter course driver module 201 is chosen in the junction that i8042prt drives and kbdclass drives and does filtration, and the purpose of filtration is in order to make keystroke characteristic information more rationally with effective, to satisfy user's needs.Rational and effective is filtered, and can realize the compatibility of 201 pairs of different keyboards of filter course driver module, and filter course driver module 201 provided by the invention can be imported with the keystroke of USB keyboard by compatible PS2 keyboard.Simultaneously, operating systems such as filter course driver module 201 compatible Windows 2000/XP/2003/Vista/7 are distinguished and are treated operating system solves Synchronization Control and IO processing in the difference of Synchronization Control and IO processing otherness.
Described driving security protection module 202 is in order to guarantee job stability, hardware compatibility, system compatibility and the self-security of filter course driver module 201, guarantee fail safe, the reliability and availability of characteristics of user keystroke information gathering simultaneously, and realize by the following method:
(1) critical code section in the keystroke characteristic information is added shell and handle, anti-dynamic and static debugging;
(2) use self-testing mechanism, prevent third party's routine change program implementation logic;
(3) employing prevents dynamic debugging.
Described data security transport module 203 adopts the SSL escape way that keystroke characteristic information is carried out safe transmission; Data security transport module 203 with carry out mutual authentication before safe control module 301 is communicated by letter.
Described safe control module 301 finish and data security transport module 203 between mutual authentication after, keystroke characteristic information is submitted to identification proxy module 401.Concrete submission process is: safe control module 301 is gathered characteristics of user keystroke information; With the storage of image data piecemeal, the order that piecemeal storage data are determined by random factor is deposited; And use symmetric encipherment algorithm that data are encrypted, the order of determining by random factor is submitted to identification proxy module 401 at last.Symmetric encipherment algorithm is meant that the data of obtaining by camouflage and perturbation technique have used the AES symmetric cryptography.
Described identification proxy module 401 is by JAVA, C, C++, C# .NET, PHP, ASP, PERL, CGI, PYTHON supervisor structure identification module 402 callers, in order to realization the enciphered data that safe control module 301 obtains is submitted to identification module 402, and as required data is carried out necessary preliminary treatment.Described being specially:
After the KeyEvent that knocks generation by keyboard is hunted down, the number of division of KeyEvent on time shaft is designated as T, because a password input has n KeyEvent generation, so obtained n value sequence T
n, pass through formula again
Calculate to generate the new sequence that n-1 value arranged, as the coordinate of the n-1 dimensional vector of SVMs;
The keystroke characteristic information data is carried out clustering processing, the characteristics of user keystroke information data is classified, of a sort characteristics of user keystroke information has very big similitude, and the characteristics of user keystroke information between inhomogeneity has very big diversity.；
Data after the clustering processing are learnt and screened, select the bigger class characteristics of user keystroke information of similitude as data sample, other class is abandoned.
Described identification module 402 adopts the SVMs modified algorithm to calculate the sample average of keystroke characteristic information data,
Remove the noise in the sample; By adding up pretreated sample average, calculate output identification data as new samples; Described identification database module 403 is used to store the user identity identification data of handling through identification module 402, and storage mode comprises fragmented storage and encrypts storage.
Embodiment 1
Use a kind of personal identification method provided by the invention, carrying out the user when registering based on characteristics of user keystroke, its concrete recognition methods flow process as shown in Figure 4, step is as follows:
Step 1, user at first input a legal user name; The user can repeatedly input the password password according to system requirements then, for example inputs the password password 3 to 8 times;
Step 2, collection characteristics of user keystroke information.
The username and password password of keystroke incident when importing to(for) the user is gathered the time of staying T of user on each button
1T blanking time with adjacent key
2, and the keystroke dynamics, keystroke characteristic information conforms system requirements, this user's keystroke characteristic is just gathered by system by certain data format; Described system requirements is meant the user in the process of input instruction, should import the time of staying T that gathers on each button according to general normal custom
1, adjacent key T blanking time
2And the keystroke dynamics differs a very little threshold value, otherwise just thinks abnormal custom, and the prompting user re-enters the username and password password, and the accuracy of identification is high more, and is high more to user's requirement habitually.
Step 3, carry out filtration treatment, obtain more effective with consistent keystroke characteristic information, and data are carried out safe transmission and preliminary treatment gathering characteristics of user keystroke information.
Step 4, calculate the sample average of keystroke characteristic data after the preliminary treatment, and with sample average as new samples, calculate and export the identification data.
Step 5, system are with the identification database module of identification storage in the server.
Step 6, return messages are given the user, and registration is finished in prompting.
Embodiment 2
Use the personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke provided by the invention, carry out flow chart that the user logins identification as shown in Figure 5, concrete steps are:
Step 1, user capture system carry out user's login;
Step 2, system requirements user input the user name of registration;
The password that uses when step 3, user input registration;
Step 4, system verify earlier whether user's password is correct, if the password mistake is then returned step 3 and re-entered password; If password is correct, then system continues to verify whether user's keystroke characteristic is correct.
User's keystroke characteristic information is gathered by step 5, system when the user imports username and password, and the identification data of storing in the identification database module in this keystroke characteristic information and the server are mated.
If its keystroke characteristic information and this user keystroke characteristic coupling when registration is correct, then finish the checking of keystroke characteristic; As incorrect, then recognition failures returns and re-enters username and password, and is correct up to the keystroke characteristic information matches;
Step 6, return to user cipher and the correct information of keystroke characteristic, discern successfully, the user finishes login.
Claims (9)
1. personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke, it is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:
Step 1, collection characteristics of user keystroke information are also carried out filtration treatment;
When described keystroke characteristic information comprises user keystroke in the time of staying of each button, the blanking time of adjacent key;
The keystroke characteristic information that step 2, the gatherer process that passes through driving security protection Technical Follow-Up step 1 and safe handling are gathered adds shell to critical code section and handles, anti-dynamic and static state debugging; Use self-testing mechanism, prevent third party's routine change program implementation logic;
Step 3, the keystroke characteristic information by the step 1 collection will be recognized each other the transmission of card technical security by SSL and identity;
Step 4, keystroke characteristic information are carried out the data preliminary treatment;
The sample average of step 5, calculating keystroke characteristic information data is removed the noise in the sample; And, calculate output identification data by adding up pretreated sample average as new samples;
Step 6, store the above-mentioned identification data security that obtains into the identification database.
2. a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method for gathering characteristics of user keystroke information in the step 1 is specially:
Each keystroke incident at keyboard is provided with two collection points, and corresponding respectively button is pressed with button and lifted, and when user's key tap, gathers the user and knocks the time that incident was pressed and lifted to keyboard; The calculating user knocks keyboard and presses T constantly
DownWith lift T constantly
UpBetween T blanking time
1=T
Up-T
Down, draw user time of staying T on each button when knocking keyboard
1, and between two adjacent key, stride the key time T
2, T
2=T '
Down-T
DownT ' wherein
DownBe pressing constantly of adjacent next button; When the user knocked a plurality of button, the data message that collects successively was: T
1, T
2, T
3, T
4
3. a kind of personal identification method according to claim 1 based on characteristics of user keystroke, it is characterized in that: the filtration described in the step 1 is done filtration in the junction that keyboard controller drives i8042prt and keyboard filtration class driving kbdclass, realizes that filter course drives.
4. a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described driving security protection technology of step 2 is meant that the critical code section to keystroke characteristic information adds the shell processing, anti-dynamic and static debugging; Use self-testing mechanism, prevent third party's routine change program implementation logic.
5. a kind of personal identification method according to claim 1 based on characteristics of user keystroke, it is characterized in that: the safe transmission described in the step 3 is meant: gather characteristics of user keystroke information, and the data that collect are carried out piecemeal store, the order of determining by random factor is deposited then.
6. a kind of personal identification method according to claim 1 based on characteristics of user keystroke, it is characterized in that: the data preprocessing process described in the step 4 is: after the KeyEvent that knocks generation by keyboard is hunted down, the number of division of KeyEvent on time shaft is designated as t, because user's input has n KeyEvent to produce, so obtained n value sequence t
n, pass through formula again
Calculate to generate the new sequence that n-1 value arranged, as the coordinate of the n-1 dimensional vector of SVMs;
Then the keystroke characteristic information data is carried out clustering processing, the characteristics of user keystroke information data is classified, of a sort characteristics of user keystroke information has very big similitude, and the characteristics of user keystroke information between inhomogeneity has very big diversity;
Data after the clustering processing are learnt and screened, select the bigger class characteristics of user keystroke information of similitude as data sample, other class is abandoned.
7. a kind of personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the storage mode in the step 6 comprises fragmented storage and encrypts storage.
8. an application rights requires the user registering method of 1 described personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, user at first input a legal user name; The user is according to system requirements input password password then;
Step 2, collection characteristics of user keystroke information;
Step 3, carry out filtration treatment, obtain more effective with consistent keystroke characteristic information, and data are carried out safe transmission and preliminary treatment gathering characteristics of user keystroke information;
Step 4, calculate the sample average of keystroke characteristic data after the preliminary treatment, and with sample average as new samples, calculate and export the identification data;
Step 5, system are with the identification database module of identification storage in the server;
Step 6, return messages are given the user, and registration is finished in prompting.
9. an application rights requires the user of 1 described personal identification method based on characteristics of user keystroke to login personal identification method, it is characterized in that:
Step 1, user capture system carry out user's login;
Step 2, system requirements user input the user name of registration;
The password that uses when step 3, user input registration;
Step 4, system verify earlier whether user's password is correct, if the password mistake is then returned step 3 and re-entered password;
If password is correct, then system continues to verify whether user's keystroke characteristic is correct;
User's keystroke characteristic information is gathered by step 5, system when the user imports username and password, and the identification data of storing in the identification database module in this keystroke characteristic information and the server are mated;
If its keystroke characteristic information and this user keystroke characteristic coupling when registration is correct, then finish the checking of keystroke characteristic; As incorrect, then recognition failures returns and re-enters username and password, and is correct up to the keystroke characteristic information matches;
Step 6, return to user cipher and the correct information of keystroke characteristic, discern successfully, the user finishes login.
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