CN101674181A - User certification system using biological characteristic token - Google Patents
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- CN101674181A CN101674181A CN200810212129A CN200810212129A CN101674181A CN 101674181 A CN101674181 A CN 101674181A CN 200810212129 A CN200810212129 A CN 200810212129A CN 200810212129 A CN200810212129 A CN 200810212129A CN 101674181 A CN101674181 A CN 101674181A
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Abstract
The invention provides a user certification system combining biological characteristic certification and token certification. The system converts a user biological characteristic pattern plate collected in advance into a private key, stores the private key in a biological characteristic token of the user and allows the user to keep the biological characteristic token by himself, so the cost neededto maintain the user biological characteristic database is saved, the loss of the user biological characteristic data is avoided, and the violation of privacy of the user is avoided. Supported by theinfrastructure of a public key, the user can obtain the biological characteristic token by any private key generator supporting the user certification system including the private key generator operated by a trusted third party and use the biological characteristic token in any application system compatible with the user certification system. The invention provides a relatively low-priced schemeto solve the problem of maintaining the biological characteristic data and regulate the use method of the biological characteristic data. By the user certification system, the biological characteristic certification technology can be widely applied to various computer application systems including trading systems of shopping centers and banks in a plug-and-play mode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of information security technology, more particularly, relate to a kind of customer certification system that adopts biological characteristic token.
Background technology
In recent years, digitlization biological characteristic authentication technology, ripe day by day as fingerprint characteristic and genetic fingerprints feature authentication techniques, the important means that becomes the computer application system authentification of user that has.The major advantage of biological characteristic authentication is that it has inseparable characteristic with the user, and comprises bigger amount of information, is not easy to be forged, and its major defect then is the biological attribute data storehouse that each Verification System all must be set up the user.If these systems use independent database, then the user need register its biological characteristic repeatedly, thereby forms the lot of data copy, is easy to cause characteristic to run off, and invades user's the right of privacy.On the other hand, require these systems to use unified feature database to be actually infeasible, because this needs a complex interface system, and a kind of transmission mechanism of complexity guarantees that the data in the database can be authenticated the use of terminal security ground by each, modern in fact valency will be very expensive, therefore certainly will hinder applying of biological characteristic authentication technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of customer certification system that adopts biological characteristic token, in computer application system, apply the problems referred to above that run into to solve the biological characteristic authentication technology.
For realizing above purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of customer certification system that adopts biological characteristic token, this system physical/comprise in logic authenticating party, user, private key for user generator (PKG), biological characteristic token, wherein authenticating party and private key generator all have necessary apparatus equipment, in order to gather user's biological characteristic, as fingerprint characteristic, genetic fingerprints feature, sclera feature etc.; The authentication mechanism of this system is made up of authenticating party initialization mechanism (A), private key generator initialization mechanism (B), private key for user generation and biological characteristic token initialization mechanism (C) and authentification of user mechanism (D), it is characterized in that:
Described authenticating party initialization mechanism (A) comprises the steps:
Step (A1), authenticating party is selected biological characteristic masterplate standard and related algorithm, comprises hash algorithm etc., and with its announcement;
Step (A2), authenticating party is announced the security authentication center (CA) of being trusted, if the private key for user generator is moved by authenticating party or its authorized agency, this step can omit.
Described private key generator initialization mechanism (B) comprises the steps:
Step (B1), private key generator utilize software or hardware to produce two big prime numbers of secret at random, are designated as p and q respectively, form its master key with them, calculate n=pq simultaneously, and produce a big integer e, make gcd[e, (p-1) (q-1)]=1;
Step (B2), the private key generator is selected an one-way Hash function h again, and with (n, e) and h announce that if the private key generator is moved by user oneself, then each user has the (n of oneself, e) parameter is right, if the private key generator is by credible third party (TTP) operation, then (n e) is shared by all users of system;
Step (B3), user or TTP be to specific security authentication center application digital certificate, with realize (n, e) with the binding of this user or TTP, if the private key for user generator by authenticating party or its authorized agency operation, this step can omit.
Described private key for user produces and biological token initialization mechanism (C) comprises the steps:
Step (C1), the private key generator is gathered user's biological characteristic by necessary apparatus equipment, makes the biological characteristic masterplate according to given standard, as the fingerprint masterplate, is designated as T, and by following formula it is mapped as the PKI of user based on biological characteristic, is designated as b:
b＝ρ(T)‖h′[ID，ρ(T)]，
Wherein ρ represents a reversible encryption algorithm, and h ' represents a crash-resistant one-way Hash function, " ‖ " representative series connection computing, the name of ID representative of consumer and/or number of the account;
Step (C2), the private key generator utilizes its master key, i.e. and the prime factor p of n and q are that the user extracts the private key β based on fingerprint according to following equation:
α＝β
e(modn)；
Step (C3), private key generator are kept at β with the form of key among user's the biological characteristic token;
Step (C4), private key generator also are kept at user's ID and the TAC that is calculated as follows among user's the biological characteristic token:
TAC＝h′[ID，ρ(T)]；
Step (C5), private key generator are kept at the digital certificate of user or TTP and the root certificate of being trusted among user's the biological characteristic token at last.
Described authenticating user identification mechanism (D) comprising:
Step (D1), the user inserts biological characteristic token to the token terminal of appointment, and authentication is carried out in request;
Step (D2), authenticating party are read user's ID and TAC from user's biological characteristic token; And preservation user/TTP digital certificate wherein, check the validity of certificate, and from certificate, extract the parameter n of PKG;
Step (D3), authenticating party extracts user's biological characteristic then and there, makes a sample of biological characteristic masterplate, is designated as T ';
Step (D4), authenticating party produce a random number ξ,, with it as addressing inquires to a sign indicating number R
s, or be calculated as follows R
s:
R
s＝σ(T′)‖ξ
Wherein function σ is used to extract specific biological information, and sends it to token;
Step (D5), token obtains and user-dependent parameter lambda, this parameter can be password, the static symmetric keys by user's input, a dynamic session or a number of calculating according to the stable element in the user biological feature, if λ elects a parameter relevant with the user biological feature as, it can utilize σ (T) ⌒ σ (T ') to calculate, because wherein comprised T and the total part biological feature of T ';
Step (D6), token produce another random number η earlier, directly set R
u=η or be calculated as follows R
u:
R
u＝[σ(T)⌒σ(T′)]‖η，
Calculate again
x＝k
e(mod?n)，
Wherein k also is a random number, at last (R
u, x y) returns to authenticating party as answer back code;
Step (D7), authenticating party are obtained earlier and user-dependent parameter lambda, if λ elects a parameter relevant with the user biological feature as, it can utilize σ (T) ⌒ σ (T ') to calculate, and required information can be from R
uIn extract, authenticating party again by following formula according to answer back code calculate the user based on biological characteristic PKI b:
And from b, recover biological characteristic masterplate T, again with itself and collection in worksite to user biological feature samples T ' mate, if the match is successful, then accept this user, otherwise refused.
H represents an one-way Hash function in the above formula, can adopt the hash algorithm identical with h '.
Three key points are arranged in the design of above-mentioned customer certification system.First key point is the design of biological characteristic masterplate, and second key point is the algorithm of parameter lambda, and the 3rd key point is the selection of digital signature technology.Suitable public key digital signature system must be selected by system, makes its signature verification algorithm have following form
b＝f(m，s)(mod?n)，
The m representative information of being signed wherein, s represents the signature of this information, the b representative of consumer based on biological characteristic PKI, recognize authentication can calculate the user from the answer back code of token biological characteristic masterplate thereby protect.
The present invention has following positive beneficial effect: the customer certification system that the invention provides a kind of integrated bio feature authentication and token authentication, this system is converted into private key to the user biological feature masterplate of gathering in advance, it is kept among user's the biological characteristic token, transfer to user oneself keeping, can save the required expense in maintenance customer's biological attribute data storehouse, can avoid the user biological characteristic to run off again, invade user's the right of privacy.Under the support of Public Key Infrastructure(PKI), the user can support PKG of the present invention by any one, comprises the PKG by the credible third party operation, obtain its biological characteristic token, and can in any compatibility application system of the present invention, use biological characteristic token.The invention provides a scheme that cost is lower, can solve the using method of biological attribute data maintenance issues and standard biological attribute data.Utilize the present invention biological characteristic authentication technology popularization to be applied to various computer application systems, comprise among the transaction system of market and bank in the mode of plug and play.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are respectively that private key generator initialization mechanism of the present invention (B) flow chart, private key for user produce and biological characteristic token initialization mechanism (C) flow chart and authentification of user mechanism (D) flow chart.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of customer certification system that adopts biological characteristic token, this system physical/comprise in logic authenticating party, user, private key for user generator (PKG), biological characteristic token, wherein authenticating party and private key generator all have necessary apparatus equipment, in order to gather user's biological characteristic, as fingerprint characteristic, genetic fingerprints feature, sclera feature etc.; The authentication mechanism of this system is made up of authenticating party initialization mechanism (A), private key generator initialization mechanism (B), private key for user generation and biological characteristic token initialization mechanism (C) and authentification of user mechanism (D).The authenticating party initialization procedure mainly is to select and announcement biological characteristic masterplate standard and related algorithm, comprises hash algorithm etc.Below, further set forth the composition of biological characteristic masterplate respectively with regard to two kinds of concrete conditions:
When system adopted the user fingerprints feature as its biological characteristic, the biological characteristic masterplate (was the user
The fingerprint masterplate) T is by little feature (minutia) (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t constitutes, τ
j, μ
jAnd v
jRepresent the x and the y coordinate of little feature respectively, the type of little feature and the direction of little feature; User's TAC and client public key b are calculated as follows:
T＝(τ
1，μ
1，v
1，τ
2，μ
2，v
2，...τ
t，μ
t，v
t)，
ρ(T)＝ρ(τ
1，μ
1，v
1，τ
2，μ
2，v
2，...τ
t，μ
t，v
t)＝τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t，
TAC＝h′[ID，ρ(T)]＝h′(ID‖τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t)，
b＝ρ(T)‖TAC
＝τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t‖h′(ID‖τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t)
When system adopted user's genetic fingerprints feature as its biological characteristic, the characteristic value that biological characteristic masterplate (being user's genetic fingerprints masterplates) T changes by the short polyphone repetitive sequence (STR) among the DNA constituted, and is designated as (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t constitutes, wherein τ
jBe used to identify the STR site, μ
jBe certain function of the short series connection in this site repetition number, v
jRepresent other gene information in this site, other is constant.
Please refer to Fig. 1, described private key generator initialization mechanism (B) comprises the steps:
Step (B1), private key generator utilize software or hardware to produce secret big prime number p and q at random, and big integer e, calculate n=pq simultaneously;
Step (B2), the private key generator is announced related algorithm and parameter;
Step (B3), private key generator operator (user or the credible third party, i.e. TTP) is to specific security authentication center application digital certificate, to realize that (n is e) with the binding of this user or TTP.
Fig. 1 mainly describes step (B1) and (B3).
Please refer to Fig. 2, described private key for user produces and biological token initialization mechanism (C) comprises the steps:
Step (C1), the private key generator is gathered user's biological characteristic by necessary apparatus equipment, makes the biological characteristic masterplate according to given standard, as the fingerprint masterplate, is designated as T, and it is mapped as the PKI b of user based on biological characteristic;
Step (C2), the private key generator utilizes its master key, i.e. and the prime factor p of n and q are that the user extracts the private key β based on fingerprint according to following equation:
α＝β
e(modn)；
Step (C3), private key generator are kept at β with the form of key among user's the biological characteristic token;
Step (C4), private key generator also are kept at other relevant information among user's the biological characteristic token, comprising the digital certificate of user's ID, TAC, user or TTP and the root certificate of being trusted.
Attention is in above mechanism, and (p is q) with (n e) also can directly adopt existing RSA key algorithm to produce.
Please refer to Fig. 3, described authenticating user identification mechanism (D) comprising:
Step (D1), the user inserts biological characteristic token to the token terminal of appointment, and authentication is carried out in request;
Step (D2), authenticating party obtain user's ID and TAC from user's biological characteristic token; And effective parameter n;
Step (D3), authenticating party extracts user's biological characteristic then and there, makes a sample of biological characteristic masterplate, is designated as T ';
Step (D4), authenticating party produce addresses inquires to sign indicating number R
s, and send it to token;
Step (D5), token are obtained and user-dependent parameter lambda;
Step (D6), token produce R earlier
u, calculating x again, y is at last (R
u, x y) returns to authenticating party as answer back code;
Step (D7), authenticating party obtains earlier and user-dependent parameter lambda, according to answer back code calculate the user based on biological characteristic PKI b, and from b, recover biological characteristic masterplate T, again with itself and collection in worksite to user biological feature samples T ' mate, if the match is successful, then accept this user, otherwise refused.
Notice that Fig. 3 has ignored step (D1), and do not provide R
s, R
uComputational process with λ.Below, specifically set forth the algorithm of these variablees respectively with regard to two kinds of situations.When system adopts the user fingerprints feature as its biological characteristic, address inquires to sign indicating number R
sBe calculated as follows:
R
s＝τ
1‖τ
2‖...τ
t′‖ξ，
Wherein ξ is a random number, (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t ' is all the little features among the sample fingerprint T ' that arrives of collection in worksite; R in the answer back code
uBe calculated as follows:
R
u＝τ
1‖τ
2‖...τ
t″‖η，
Wherein η is a random number, (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t ", be the little feature of the total fingerprint of T and T '; Parameter lambda is calculated as follows:
λ＝v
1‖v
2‖..v
t″；
When system adopts user's genetic fingerprints feature as its biological characteristic: R
sAnd R
uDirectly be taken as two random numbers; Parameter lambda is calculated as follows:
λ＝v
1‖v
2‖..v
t，
Wherein t and { τ
j, j=1,2 ... t} is all fixing, but τ
jArrangement vary with each individual, require { μ
j, j=1,2 ... t} satisfies
μ
1≤μ
2≤...μ
t，
If μ
i=μ
I+1, then arrange by default natural order between the two.
Claims (3)
1. biological characteristic token Verification System, this system physical/comprise in logic authenticating party, user, private key for user generator (PKG), biological characteristic token, wherein authenticating party and private key generator all have necessary apparatus equipment, in order to gather user's biological characteristic, as fingerprint characteristic, genetic fingerprints feature, sclera feature etc.; The authentication mechanism of this system is made up of authenticating party initialization mechanism (A), private key generator initialization mechanism (B), private key for user generation and biological characteristic token initialization mechanism (C) and authentification of user mechanism (D), it is characterized in that:
Described authenticating party initialization mechanism (A) comprises the steps:
Step (A1), authenticating party is selected biological characteristic masterplate standard and related algorithm, comprises hash algorithm etc., and with its announcement;
Step (A2), authenticating party is announced the security authentication center (CA) of being trusted, if the private key for user generator is moved by authenticating party or its authorized agency, this step can omit.
Described private key generator initialization mechanism (B) comprises the steps:
Step (B1), private key generator utilize software or hardware to produce two big prime numbers of secret at random, are designated as p and q respectively, form its master key with them, calculate n=pq simultaneously, and produce a big integer e, make gcd[e, (p-1) (q-1)]=1;
Step (B2), the private key generator is selected an one-way Hash function h again, and with (n, e) and h announce that if the private key generator is moved by user oneself, then each user has the (n of oneself, e) parameter is right, if the private key generator is by credible third party (TTP) operation, then (n e) is shared by all users of system;
Step (B3), user or TTP be to specific security authentication center application digital certificate, with realize (n, e) with the binding of this user or TTP, if the private key for user generator by authenticating party or its authorized agency operation, this step can omit.
Described private key for user produces and biological token initialization mechanism (C) comprises the steps:
Step (C1), the private key generator is gathered user's biological characteristic by necessary apparatus equipment, makes the biological characteristic masterplate according to given standard, as the fingerprint masterplate, is designated as T, and by following formula it is mapped as the PKI of user based on biological characteristic, is designated as b:
b＝ρ(T)‖h′[ID，ρ(T)]，
Wherein ρ represents a reversible encryption algorithm, and h ' represents a crash-resistant one-way Hash function, " ‖ " representative series connection computing, the name of ID representative of consumer and/or number of the account;
Step (C2), the private key generator utilizes its master key, i.e. and the prime factor p of n and q are that the user extracts the private key β based on fingerprint according to following equation:
α＝β
e(modn)；
Step (C3), private key generator are kept at β with the form of key among user's the biological characteristic token;
Step (C4), private key generator also are kept at user's ID and the TAC that is calculated as follows among user's the biological characteristic token:
T4C＝h′[ID，ρ(T)]；
Step (C5), private key generator are kept at the digital certificate of user or TTP and the root certificate of being trusted among user's the biological characteristic token at last.
Described authenticating user identification mechanism (D) comprising:
Step (D1), the user inserts biological characteristic token to the token terminal of appointment, and authentication is carried out in request;
Step (D2), authenticating party are read user's ID and TAC from user's biological characteristic token; And preservation user/TTP digital certificate wherein, check the validity of certificate, and from certificate, extract the parameter n of PKG;
Step (D3), authenticating party extracts user's biological characteristic then and there, makes a sample of biological characteristic masterplate, is designated as T ";
Step (D4), authenticating party produce a random number ξ,, with it as addressing inquires to a sign indicating number R
s, or be calculated as follows R
s:
R
s＝σ(T′)‖ξ
Wherein function σ is used to extract specific biological information, and sends it to token;
Step (D5), token obtains and user-dependent parameter lambda, this parameter can be password, the static symmetric keys by user's input, a dynamic session or a number of calculating according to the stable element in the user biological feature, if λ elects a parameter relevant with the user biological feature as, it can utilize σ (T) ∩ σ (T ') to calculate, because wherein comprised T and the total part biological feature of T ';
Step (D6), token produce another random number η earlier, directly set R
u=η or be calculated as follows R
u:
R
u＝[σ(T)∩σ(T′)]‖η，
Calculate again
x＝k
e(mod?n)，
Wherein k also is a random number, at last (R
u, x y) returns to authenticating party as answer back code;
Step (D7), authenticating party are obtained earlier and user-dependent parameter lambda, if λ elects a parameter relevant with the user biological feature as, it can utilize σ (T) ∩ σ (T ') to calculate, and required information can be from R
uIn extract, authenticating party again by following formula according to answer back code calculate the user based on biological characteristic PKI b:
Wherein h represents an one-way Hash function, and recovers biological characteristic masterplate T from b, again with itself and collection in worksite to user biological feature samples T ' mate, if the match is successful, then accept this user, otherwise refused.
2. biological characteristic token Verification System as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Adopt the user fingerprints feature as its biological characteristic;
Biological characteristic masterplate (being the user fingerprints masterplate) T is by little feature (minutia) (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t constitutes, τ
j, μ
jAnd v
jRepresent the x and the y coordinate of little feature respectively, the type of little feature and the direction of little feature;
User's T, TAC and client public key b are calculated as follows:
T＝(τ
1，μ
1，v
1，τ
2，μ
2，v
2，...τ
t，μ
t，v
t)，
ρ(T)＝ρ(τ
1，μ
1，v
1，τ
2，μ
2，v
2，...τ
t，μ
t，v
t)＝τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t，
TAC＝h′[ID，ρ(T)]＝h′(ID‖τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t)，
b＝ρ(T)‖TAC
＝τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t‖h′(ID‖τ
1‖μ
1‖v
1‖τ
2‖μ
2‖v
2‖...τ
t‖μ
t‖v
t)
Address inquires to sign indicating number R
sBe calculated as follows:
R
s＝τ
1‖τ
2‖...τ
t′‖ξ
Wherein ξ is a random number, (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t ' is all the little features among the sample fingerprint T ' that arrives of collection in worksite;
R in the answer back code
uBe calculated as follows:
R
u＝τ
1‖τ
2‖...τ
t″‖η
Wherein η is a random number, (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t ", be the little feature of the total fingerprint of T and T ';
Parameter lambda is calculated as follows:
λ＝v
1‖v
2‖..v
t″。
3. biological characteristic token Verification System as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Adopt user's genetic fingerprints features (being dna characteristics) as its biological characteristic;
Biological characteristic masterplate (being user's genetic fingerprints masterplates) T is made of the characteristic value of the short polyphone repetitive sequence (STR) among the DNA, is designated as (τ
j, μ
j, v
j), j=1,2 ... t constitutes, wherein τ
jBe used to identify the STR site, μ
jBe certain function of the short series connection in this site repetition number, v
jRepresent other gene information in this site;
R
sAnd R
uDirectly be taken as two random numbers;
Parameter lambda is calculated as follows:
λ＝v
1‖v
2‖..v
t，
Wherein t and { τ
j, j=1,2 ... t} is all fixing, but τ
jArrangement vary with each individual, require { μ
j, j=1,2 ... t} satisfies
μ
1≤μ
2≤...μ
t，
If μ
i=μ
I+1, then arrange by default natural order between the two.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810212129A CN101674181A (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2008-09-08 | User certification system using biological characteristic token |
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| CN101848213A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-09-29 | 西北工业大学 | Configurable mutual authentication method based on biometrics and password |
| CN103607282A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 成都卫士通信息产业股份有限公司 | Identity fusion authentication method based on biological characteristics |
| CN104683115A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-06-03 | 孙强 | Identity authentication method based on fingerprint information |
| CN104751042A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-07-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Credibility detection method based on password hash and biometric feature recognition |
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| CN108702291A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-10-23 | 株式会社 Kt | Authentication device based on biological information and its operating method |
| CN110391897A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 武汉真元生物数据有限公司 | A kind of password generated method and system based on biological identification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101848213A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-09-29 | 西北工业大学 | Configurable mutual authentication method based on biometrics and password |
| CN101848213B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-09-26 | 西北工业大学 | Configurable mutual authentication method based on biometrics and password |
| CN103607282A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 成都卫士通信息产业股份有限公司 | Identity fusion authentication method based on biological characteristics |
| CN103607282B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2017-03-15 | 成都卫士通信息产业股份有限公司 | A kind of identity fusion authentication method based on biological characteristic |
| CN104683115A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-06-03 | 孙强 | Identity authentication method based on fingerprint information |
| CN104683115B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-01-06 | 江苏意迪驱动设备有限公司 | Based on the identity identifying method of finger print information |
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