CN101674119B - Multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing sending and receiving equipment and method - Google Patents
Multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing sending and receiving equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101674119B CN101674119B CN 200810212003 CN200810212003A CN101674119B CN 101674119 B CN101674119 B CN 101674119B CN 200810212003 CN200810212003 CN 200810212003 CN 200810212003 A CN200810212003 A CN 200810212003A CN 101674119 B CN101674119 B CN 101674119B
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Abstract
The invention relates to multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) sending and receiving equipment and a method thereof. The sending method comprises the following step that: pilot symbols are inserted according to a mode to form a physical resource block which has P OFDM symbols in time domain and Q subcarriers in frequency domain (P and Q are more than 1), wherein the mode comprises that a Q*P array corresponding to the physical resource block comprises at least two pilot addresses of each antenna; all pilot addresses are divided into a time domain direction and a frequency domain direction; the maximum time domain interval/maximum frequency domain interval among the pilot addresses of the same antenna is more than or equal to the pilot addresses of the same antenna closest to both ends of the array and the time domain-frequency domain interval between the closest ends; pilot symbols used in each antenna are inserted into the pilot addresses corresponding to each antenna; and OFDM data symbols are loaded in addresses except the pilot addresses. Pilot frequencies on each antenna do not interfere mutually; the expenditure is less; the performance is high; and the implementation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) technology, relate in particular to the pilot transmission in the MIMO-OFDM system.
Background technology
The proposition of MIMO-OFDM system is the important breakthrough of wireless communication field, the fundamental characteristics such as its availability of frequency spectrum height, stable signal transmission, high transfer rate can satisfy the 4th generation wireless transmission net demand for development.Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna and OFDM (OFDM) modulation two large key technologies have been made up in the MIMO-OFDM system.This system can provide higher message transmission rate by space multiplexing technique, can reach very strong reliability and the availability of frequency spectrum by space and time diversity and OFDM again.
In the MIMO-OFDM system, because the use of a plurality of send/receive antennas, the space channel between transmitting antenna and the reception antenna increases greatly.Correspondingly, owing to need to estimate the channel parameter of each space channel according to pilot tone or training signal the recipient, sharply increase so that estimate the expense of channel parameter.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus, MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment, MIMO-OFDM sending method and MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance, it can reduce the expense of estimating channel parameter, and keeps certain channel parameter estimation quality.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MIMO-OFDM sending method is used for sending OFDM data symbol, wherein N from N antenna〉1.Sending method comprises: insert frequency pilot sign to form Physical Resource Block according to pattern, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprise Q subcarrier at frequency domain, P, Q〉1, and described pattern comprises: in corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each antenna of N antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end, wherein, for each antenna, insert the frequency pilot sign that is used for this antenna in the pilot frequency locations for this antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance is used for receiving the signal that sends from N transmitting antenna, wherein N by M reception antenna〉1, M〉0.Method of reseptance comprises: for each reception antenna and each transmitting antenna, extract frequency pilot sign according to pattern from the Physical Resource Block that is transformed into frequency domain; And estimate the parameter of the channel between described reception antenna and the described transmitting antenna according to the frequency pilot sign that extracts, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprise Q subcarrier at frequency domain, P, Q〉1, and described pattern comprises: in corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each transmitting antenna of N transmitting antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of same transmitting antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same transmitting antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end, wherein, for each transmitting antenna, extract frequency pilot sign from the pilot frequency locations for this transmitting antenna, and the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus is used for sending OFDM data symbol, wherein N from N antenna〉1.Transmitting apparatus comprises: the pilots insertion device, it inserts frequency pilot sign to form Physical Resource Block according to pattern, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprise Q subcarrier at frequency domain, P, Q〉1, and described pattern comprises: in corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each antenna of N antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end, wherein, for each antenna, insert the frequency pilot sign that is used for this antenna in the pilot frequency locations for this antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
In one embodiment of the invention, the MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment is used for receiving the signal that sends from N transmitting antenna, wherein N by M reception antenna〉1, M〉0.Receiving equipment comprises: pilot extractor, and it extracts frequency pilot sign according to pattern for each reception antenna and each transmitting antenna from the Physical Resource Block that is transformed into frequency domain; And channel estimator, it estimates the parameter of the channel between described reception antenna and the described transmitting antenna according to the frequency pilot sign that extracts, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprise Q subcarrier at frequency domain, P, Q〉1, and described pattern comprises: in corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each transmitting antenna of N transmitting antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of same transmitting antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same transmitting antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end, wherein, pilot extractor is for each transmitting antenna, extract frequency pilot sign from the pilot frequency locations for this transmitting antenna, and the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the Same Physical Resource Block, there are at least two frequency pilot signs to estimate the parameter of corresponding subcarrier, so that can estimate that same subcarrier is in the parameter of the different sub carrier of the parameter of contiguous time-domain position and contiguous frequency domain position by interpolation and Extrapolation method.In these at least two frequency pilot signs, maximum time domain interval between adjacent pilot symbols/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal on time domain/frequency domain direction near the frequency pilot sign at array two ends and the time domain/frequency domain interval between the respective ends so that the parameter of estimating with interpolating method more than or equal the parameter estimated with Extrapolation method.Thereby embodiments of the invention can be estimated the number of times of channel parameter according to frequency pilot sign to reduce reality, and keep certain channel parameter estimation quality.
Description of drawings
With reference to below in conjunction with the explanation of accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the invention, can understand more easily above and other purpose of the present invention, characteristics and advantage.In the accompanying drawings, technical characterictic or parts identical or correspondence will adopt identical or corresponding Reference numeral to represent.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM sending method of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is that expense that 8 transmitting antennas are shown is the schematic diagram of 4/27 pattern 1.
Fig. 6 is that expense that 8 transmitting antennas are shown is the schematic diagram of 4/27 pattern 2.
Fig. 7 is that expense that 8 transmitting antennas are shown is the schematic diagram of 2/9 pattern 1.
Fig. 8 is that expense that 8 transmitting antennas are shown is the schematic diagram of 2/9 pattern 2.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the structure of a Physical Resource Block is shown.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Should be noted that for purpose clearly, omitted expression and the description of parts that have nothing to do with the present invention, known to persons of ordinary skill in the art and processing in accompanying drawing and the explanation.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 of the embodiment of the invention, wherein only for the purpose of helping understand as example, show the parts irrelevant with the technical solution problem, such as encoder, Symbol modulator, multiplexer, deserializer, inverse fast Fourier transformer (IFFT), Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, transmitting antenna etc.
As shown in Figure 1, MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 comprises encoder 101, Symbol modulator 102, multiplexer 103, pilots insertion device 104, deserializer 105-1 to 105-N, IFFT106-1 to 106-N, CP inserter 107-1 to 107-N and transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N, wherein N〉1.
The processing such as 101 pairs of message bit streams that will send of encoder compress, error detection coding, error correction coding produce coded data.Symbol modulator 102 is modulated to the OFDM data symbol with coded data.Multiplexer 103 is assigned to the OFDM data symbol on the transmitting branch corresponding with transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N based on technology such as Space Time Coding, spatial reuses.For each branch road, pilots insertion device 104 inserts frequency pilot sign for respective transmit antenna in the OFDM data symbol stream according to pattern, produces OFDM symbol stream.Deserializer 105-1 to 105-N is fitted on each subcarrier with the OFDM symbol flow point in each transmission cycle in the respective branch respectively.IFFT106-1 to 106-N is transformed into time domain with the OFDM symbol stream that is assigned to each subcarrier in the respective branch from frequency domain respectively.CP inserter 107-1 to 107-N inserts Cyclic Prefix in the stream of the OFDM symbol on each subcarrier in the respective branch respectively, so that the protection interval to be provided.Transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N sends respectively the radiofrequency signal of the OFDM symbol stream of respective branch.
As previously mentioned, pilots insertion device 104 inserts frequency pilot sign for respective transmit antenna in the OFDM data symbol stream of each branch road according to pattern, produces Physical Resource Block.
Fig. 9 has schematically shown the structure of a Physical Resource Block.As shown in Figure 9, Physical Resource Block can be regarded as a Q * P array, and wherein each row is arranged along the time domain direction, and each row is arranged along frequency domain direction, comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprises Q subcarrier, P, Q at frequency domain〉1.The OFDM symbol that each element in the array (by little box indicating) representative sends by a subcarrier in a moment in the cycle of transmission usually.In each branch road, the OFDM symbol of Physical Resource Block is divided into Q group, one group of each subcarrier via corresponding deserializer 105-1 to 105-N.For example, the P of the 1st row symbol P symbol being assigned to the 1st subcarrier, the 2nd row be assigned to the 2nd subcarrier Q ..., P symbol that Q is capable be assigned to Q subcarrier.The OFDM symbol can be OFDM data symbol (shown in the little square frame of Fig. 9 empty), also can be frequency pilot sign (shown in the little square frame of band hacures among Fig. 9).Although among Fig. 9 Physical Resource Block is depicted as two-dimensional structure, in fact each element is pressed one dimension and is arranged, namely by the 1st row from left to right, the 2nd row from left to right, the rest may be inferred until capable arranged sequentially of Q.
What each element carried in the mode-definition Physical Resource Block is OFDM data symbol or OFDM frequency pilot sign, and the OFDM frequency pilot sign is the frequency pilot sign of which transmitting antenna.For example, pattern can comprise that each element position is data symbol positions or the information of pilot frequency symbol position in the Q that indicates Physical Resource Block * P array, and each frequency pilot sign for the information of transmitting antenna.
According to pilots insertion device 104 employed patterns, in the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array,
1) each among the transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N all has at least two pilot frequency locations;
2) all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction.For example all pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N do not overlap each other;
3) the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of this same antenna on time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end.
When processing the transmission data of each transmitting antenna, according to this pattern, pilots insertion device 10 inserts the frequency pilot sign that is used for this transmitting antenna in the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.For example for the branch road of transmitting antenna 108-1, pilots insertion device 104 determines to come on these branch roads the current location pilot frequency locations whether in the OFDM of multiplexer 103 data symbol stream.If pilot frequency locations, then determine whether the pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna 108-1.If the pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna 108-1, then insert the frequency pilot sign of transmitting antenna 108-1 in this position.If not the pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna 108-1, then insert arbitrarily filling symbol (be preferably null symbol (for example 0) or other transmission is caused the lower symbol of interference).If not pilot frequency locations, then current location is moved to next OFDM data symbol.Pilots insertion device 104 is processed as mentioned above, until form a Physical Resource Block, and then continue to form next Physical Resource Block.
Although should be noted that among the embodiment in front pilots insertion device 104 is described as one, yet the invention is not restricted to this.MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 can comprise a plurality of pilots insertion devices, processes respectively different branch roads.For example, as shown in Figure 1, MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 can comprise pilots insertion device 104-1 to 104-N, processes respectively the respective branch of transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM sending method of the embodiment of the invention, wherein only for the purpose of helping understand as example, show the step irrelevant with the technical solution problem, such as coding step, symbol-modulated step, multiplexing step, string and switch process, inverse Fourier transform step, CP inserting step, antenna forwarding step etc.
As shown in Figure 2, method is from step 200.In step 202, to the message bit stream that will send compress, the processing such as error detection coding, error correction coding, produce coded data.In step 204, coded data is modulated to the OFDM data symbol.In step 206, based on technology such as Space Time Coding, spatial reuses the OFDM data symbol is assigned on the transmitting branch corresponding with each transmitting antenna.In step 208, for each branch road, insert frequency pilot sign for respective transmit antenna in the OFDM data symbol stream according to pattern, produce OFDM symbol stream.In step 210, the OFDM symbol flow point with each transmission cycle in the respective branch is fitted on each subcarrier respectively.In step 212, respectively the OFDM symbol stream that is assigned to each subcarrier in the respective branch is transformed into time domain from frequency domain.In step 214, insert Cyclic Prefix in the stream of the OFDM symbol on each subcarrier in the respective branch respectively, so that the protection interval to be provided.In step 216, send respectively the radiofrequency signal of the OFDM symbol stream of respective branch.In step 218, method finishes.Carry out method shown in Figure 2 for each Physical Resource Block.In the situation that message bit stream is provided continuously, execution the method capable of circulation.
In step 208, the pattern that adopts is defined in the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array,
1) each among the transmitting antenna 108-1 to 108-N all has at least two pilot frequency locations;
2) all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction;
3) the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of this same antenna on time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end.
When processing the transmission data of each transmitting antenna, according to this pattern, insert the frequency pilot sign that is used for this transmitting antenna in the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.For example for the branch road of a transmitting antenna, determine on this branch road whether pilot frequency locations of the current location from the OFDM data symbol stream of step 206 output.If pilot frequency locations, then determine whether the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna.If the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, then insert the frequency pilot sign of this transmitting antenna in this position.If not the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, then insert arbitrarily filling symbol (be preferably null symbol or other transmission is caused the lower symbol of interference).If not pilot frequency locations, then current location is moved to next OFDM data symbol.Process as mentioned above, until form a Physical Resource Block.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300 of the embodiment of the invention, wherein only for the purpose of helping understand as example, show the parts irrelevant with the technical solution problem, such as decoder, demodulation multiplexer, parallel-to-serial converter, fast fourier transformer (FFT), CP elimination, reception antenna etc.
As shown in Figure 3, MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300 comprises decoder 301, demodulation multiplexer 302, pilot extractor 303, parallel-to-serial converter 304-1 to 304-N, FFT305-1 to 305-N, CP arrester 306-1 to 306-N, reception antenna 307-1 to 307-N and channel estimator 308, wherein N〉1.
Reception antenna 307-1 to 307-N receives respectively the radiofrequency signal of the OFDM symbol stream of each transmitting antenna transmission.Radiofrequency signal is treated to OFDM symbol stream by the signal processing (not shown).CP arrester 306-1 to 306-N removes respectively the Cyclic Prefix that is inserted by transmitting apparatus in the respective branch of each reception antenna.FFT305-1 to 305-N is transformed into frequency domain with the OFDM symbol stream of each subcarrier in the respective branch from time domain respectively.Parallel-to-serial converter 304-1 to 304-N merges into Physical Resource Block with the OFDM symbol stream of each each subcarrier of transmission cycle in the respective branch respectively.For each branch road, pilot extractor 303 is extracted the frequency pilot sign of respective transmit antenna according to pattern from Physical Resource Block, and removes all frequency pilot signs, thereby produces OFDM symbol stream.The frequency pilot sign that channel estimator 308 extracts according to pilot extractor 303 is estimated the channel parameter of each subcarrier of additional space channel in each time in transmission cycle.Demodulation multiplexer 302 is merged into the OFDM data symbol stream based on technology such as Space Time Coding, spatial reuses with the OFDM data symbol of each branch road, wherein obtains channel response matrix according to the channel parameter of estimating.Decoder 301 is coded data with OFDM data symbol symbol demodulation, and to coded data decompress, the decoding of error detection coding, error correction coding etc. processes, and produces message bit stream.
According to the frequency pilot sign that pilot extractor 303 is extracted from Physical Resource Block, channel estimator 308 is estimated the channel parameter of the space channel between corresponding reception antenna and the transmitting antenna.Can estimate channel parameter by methods known in the art.For example, when estimating channel parameter, according to the pattern pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna as can be known, and the frequency pilot sign that extracts from pilot frequency locations as can be known.Thereby can utilize known pilot frequency information to estimate channel parameter on the pilot frequency locations.Any two adjacent pilot frequencies positions for same transmitting antenna, be the channel parameter that obtains on the pilot frequency locations of the capable N1 of M1 row and the capable N2 row of M2 in the array, the locational channel parameter of supposing the capable N1 row of M2 and the capable N2 row of M1 is identical with channel parameter on the capable N1 of M1 is listed as and the capable N2 of M2 is listed as the pilot frequency locations respectively.Channel response on the remaining data symbol positions adopts the method for interpolation or extrapolation to estimate to obtain.
Although should be noted that among the embodiment in front pilot extractor 303 is described as one, yet the invention is not restricted to this.MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300 can comprise a plurality of pilot extractor, processes respectively different branch roads.For example, as shown in Figure 3, MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300 can comprise pilot extractor 303-1 to 303-N, processes respectively the respective branch of reception antenna 307-1 to 307-N.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that illustrates according to the MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance of the embodiment of the invention, wherein only for the purpose of helping understand as example, show the step irrelevant with the technical solution problem, such as decoding step, demultiplexing step, parallel-serial conversion step, Fourier transform step, removal CP step, antenna reception step etc.
As shown in Figure 4, method is from step 400.In step 402, receive respectively the radiofrequency signal of the OFDM symbol stream of each transmitting antenna transmission, radiofrequency signal is treated to OFDM symbol stream.In step 404, remove respectively the Cyclic Prefix that is inserted by transmitting apparatus in the respective branch of each reception antenna.In step 406, the OFDM symbol stream with each subcarrier in the respective branch is transformed into frequency domain from time domain respectively.In step 408, respectively the OFDM symbol stream of each each subcarrier of transmission cycle in the respective branch is merged into Physical Resource Block.In step 410, for each branch road, from Physical Resource Block, extract the frequency pilot sign of respective transmit antenna according to pattern, and remove all frequency pilot signs, thereby produce OFDM symbol stream; Estimate the channel parameter of each subcarrier of additional space channel in each time in transmission cycle according to the frequency pilot sign that extracts.Based on technology such as Space Time Coding, spatial reuses the OFDM data symbol of each branch road is merged into the OFDM data symbol stream in step 412, wherein obtain channel response matrix according to the channel parameter of estimating.In step 414, be coded data with OFDM data symbol symbol demodulation, and to coded data decompress, the decoding of error detection coding, error correction coding etc. processes, and produces message bit stream.Method finishes in step 416.Carry out method shown in Figure 4 for the reception of each Physical Resource Block.Receiving continuously in the situation of Physical Resource Block execution the method capable of circulation.
In step 410, according to pattern (pattern of using with front transmitting apparatus 100 is identical), from the Physical Resource Block corresponding to the space channel between each reception antenna and each transmitting antenna, extract frequency pilot sign, to obtain the OFDM data symbol stream.For example, when the Physical Resource Block processed corresponding to the space channel between a reception antenna and transmitting antenna, according to this pattern, determine the current location pilot frequency locations whether in this Physical Resource Block.If pilot frequency locations, then determine whether the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna.If the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, then extract and remove the frequency pilot sign of this transmitting antenna from this position.If not the pilot frequency locations of this transmitting antenna, then remove the symbol of this position.If not pilot frequency locations, then current location is moved to next OFDM symbol.Process as mentioned above in step 410, until handle a Physical Resource Block (the OFDM symbol that wherein keeps forms the OFDM data symbol stream).
In step 410, also according to the frequency pilot sign that from Physical Resource Block, extracts, estimate the channel parameter of the space channel between corresponding reception antenna and the transmitting antenna.Can estimate channel parameter by methods known in the art.For example, when estimating channel parameter, according to the pattern pilot frequency locations of transmitting antenna as can be known, and the frequency pilot sign that extracts from pilot frequency locations as can be known.Thereby can utilize known pilot frequency information to estimate channel parameter on the pilot frequency locations.Any two adjacent pilot frequencies positions for same transmitting antenna, be the channel parameter that obtains on the pilot frequency locations of the capable N1 of M1 row and the capable N2 row of M2 in the array, the locational channel parameter of supposing the capable N1 row of M2 and the capable N2 row of M1 is identical with channel parameter on the capable N1 of M1 is listed as and the capable N2 of M2 is listed as the pilot frequency locations respectively.Channel response on the remaining data symbol positions adopts the method for interpolation or extrapolation to estimate to obtain.
According to embodiments of the invention, because each transmitting antenna all has at least two pilot frequency locations, can be based on the channel parameter that is obtained by corresponding frequency pilot sign by carrying out interpolation and extrapolate obtaining the channel parameter of other position in time domain and frequency domain direction.Can reduce so the actual number of times of estimating channel parameter according to the frequency pilot sign of pilot frequency locations.In addition, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, guarantee that the frequency pilot sign of different transmitting antennas can the phase mutual interference.In addition, maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of this same antenna on time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends (the most for example, the most left and right/the most upper and lower pilot frequency locations) and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end (left and right/upper and lower end) so that the parameter of estimating with interpolating method more than or equal the parameter estimated with Extrapolation method.Because it is more accurate than the parameter of estimating with Extrapolation method that the inventor observes the parameter of interpolating method estimation, thereby pattern of the present invention can improve the parameter Estimation quality.
In a preferred embodiment, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between all adjacent pilot frequencies positions of same transmitting antenna approaches as far as possible, so that can be lower to the evaluated error of the channel parameter of data character position.
In a preferred embodiment, for all transmitting antennas, time domain interval/frequency domain interval between the adjacent pilot frequencies position of all same transmitting antennas approaches as far as possible, so that the channel parameter estimation quality is more even, and can be lower to the evaluated error of the channel parameter of data character position.
In a preferred embodiment, N=8, P=6 and Q=18, and comprise following pilot frequency locations in the array:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，6、Px
5，2，6、Px
4，5，6、Px
6，6，6、
Px
2，1，13、Px
8，2，13、Px
1，5，13、Px
7，6，13、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}，
Px wherein
i, y, z be illustrated in that y OFDM symbol of time domain in the array (for example, from left to right count), z subcarrier of frequency domain (for example, several from the top down) locate for x
iThe pilot frequency locations of individual transmitting antenna, x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, x
6, x
7, x
8Greater than 0 less than 9 and unequal mutually.
In this pattern, for the 1st, 2,5,6 symbol, the placement of unequal interval is totally 16 pilot tones.All there is pilot tone at two ends in frequency domain.Two middle symbols are all for transfer of data.The pilot interlace of distributing to 8 antennas arranges, and has avoided interfering with each other between different antennae.The pilot frequency locations of distributing to each antenna is 2.Pilot frequency locations is spaced apart 3 the OFDM symbol field, is spaced apart 11 in frequency domain.
Fig. 5 shows a concrete example of such array, and wherein Pn represents the pilot frequency locations of n antenna.
Alternatively, can comprise following pilot frequency locations in the array:
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，7、Px
5，2，7、Px
4，5，7、Px
6，6，7、
Px
2，1，12、Px
8，2，12、Px
1，5，12、Px
7，6，12、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}。
In this pattern, for the 1st, 2,5,6 symbol, take second subcarrier as initial, equally spaced placement is totally 16 pilot tones.First is used for transfer of data with last subcarrier, and two middle symbols are all for transfer of data.The pilot interlace of distributing to 8 antennas arranges, and has avoided interfering with each other between different antennae.The pilot frequency locations of distributing to each antenna is 2.Pilot frequency locations is spaced apart 3 the OFDM symbol field, is spaced apart 9 in frequency domain.
Fig. 6 shows a concrete example of such array, and wherein Pn represents the pilot frequency locations of n antenna.
The pilot-frequency expense of above-mentioned two kinds of patterns is 4/27.
Alternatively, can comprise following pilot frequency locations in the array:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，2、Px
5，2，2、Px
4，5，2、Px
6，6，2、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，17、Px
8，2，17、Px
1，5，17、Px
7，6，17、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}。
In this pattern, 4 pilot tones are placed respectively in four summit the unknowns in the physical resource unit of 108 subcarriers, place 8 pilot tones in the centre position.Amount to 24 pilot frequency distribution to 8 transmitting antennas.The pilot interlace of distributing to 8 antennas arranges, and has avoided interfering with each other between different antennae.The distribution of pilot frequency locations in OFDM symbol field and frequency domain that is used for each antenna is unequal interval.In the OFDM symbol field, be spaced apart 1, in frequency domain, be spaced apart 6 or 8.
Fig. 7 shows a concrete example of such array, and wherein Pn represents the pilot frequency locations of n antenna.
Alternatively, can comprise following pilot frequency locations in the array:
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，3、Px
5，2，3、Px
4，5，3、Px
6，6，3、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，16、Px
8，2，16、Px
1，5，16、Px
7，6，16、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}。
In this pattern, in the physical resource unit of 108 subcarriers, place respectively 4 pilot tones at four vertex positions except first and last subcarrier, place 8 pilot tones in the centre position.Amount to 24 pilot frequency distribution to 8 transmitting antennas.The pilot interlace of distributing to 8 antennas arranges, and has avoided interfering with each other between different antennae.The distribution of pilot frequency locations in OFDM symbol field and frequency domain that is used for each antenna is uniformly-spaced.In the OFDM symbol field, be spaced apart 1, in frequency domain, be spaced apart 5 or 7.
Fig. 8 shows a concrete example of such array, and wherein Pn represents the pilot frequency locations of n antenna.
The pilot-frequency expense of above-mentioned two kinds of patterns is 2/9.
In a preferred embodiment, MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 can comprise the mode controller (not shown), it requires or the selectivity of channel frequency characteristic according to channel estimating performance, the pattern of selecting to be suitable for channel estimating performance requirement or selectivity of channel frequency characteristic from various patterns of the present invention is used, and notice MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300.Correspondingly, MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment 300 can comprise the mode switch (not shown), and it determines MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100 employed patterns according to the mode select signal from MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus 100.
With reference to specific embodiment the present invention has been described in the specification in front.Yet those of ordinary skill in the art understands, and can carry out various modifications and change under the prerequisite that does not depart from the scope of the present invention that limits such as claims.
Claims (22)
1. a MIMO-OFDM sending method is used for sending OFDM data symbol, wherein N from N antenna〉1, described sending method comprises:
Insert frequency pilot sign to form Physical Resource Block according to pattern, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprises Q subcarrier, P, Q at frequency domain〉1, and described pattern comprises:
In corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each antenna of N antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end
Wherein, for each antenna, insert the frequency pilot sign that is used for this antenna in the pilot frequency locations for this antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
2. MIMO-OFDM sending method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between all adjacent pilot frequencies positions of the same antenna approaches as far as possible.
3. MIMO-OFDM sending method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, for a described N antenna, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between the adjacent pilot frequencies position of all same antennas approaches as far as possible.
4. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described MIMO-OFDM sending methods, wherein, N=8, P=6 and Q=18, and described array comprises one of following pilot frequency locations collection:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，6、Px
5，2，6、Px
4，5，6、Px
6，6，6、
Px
2，1，13、Px
8，2，13、Px
1，5，13、Px
7，6，13、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}，
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，7、Px
5，2，7、Px
4，5，7、Px
6，6，7、
Px
2，1，12、Px
8，2，12、Px
1，5，12、Px
7，6，12、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，2、Px
5，2，2、Px
4，5，2、Px
6，6，2、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，17、Px
8，2，17、Px
1，5，17、Px
7，6，17、
Px
4, 1,18, Px
6, 2,18, Px
3, 5,18, Px
5, 6,18}, and
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，3、Px
5，2，3、Px
4，5，3、Px
6，6，3、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，16、Px
8，2，16、Px
1，5，16、Px
7，6，16、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
Px wherein
i, y, z be illustrated in y OFDM symbol of time domain, z subcarrier place of frequency domain in the array for x
iThe pilot frequency locations of individual antenna, x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, x
6, x
7, x
8Greater than 0 less than 9 and unequal mutually.
5. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described MIMO-OFDM sending methods, wherein, when inserting frequency pilot sign for each antenna, insert null symbol in non-pilot frequency locations for this antenna.
6. such as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described MIMO-OFDM sending methods, also comprise:
Require or the selectivity of channel frequency characteristic according to channel estimating performance, determine described pattern, and the notice receiving terminal.
7. a MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance is used for receiving the signal that sends from N transmitting antenna, wherein N by M reception antenna〉1, M〉0, described method of reseptance comprises:
For each reception antenna and each transmitting antenna, from the Physical Resource Block that is transformed into frequency domain, extract frequency pilot sign according to pattern; With
Estimate the parameter of the channel between described reception antenna and the described transmitting antenna according to the frequency pilot sign that extracts,
Wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprises Q subcarrier, P, Q at frequency domain〉1, and described pattern comprises:
In corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each transmitting antenna of N transmitting antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of same transmitting antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same transmitting antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end
Wherein, for each transmitting antenna, extract frequency pilot sign from the pilot frequency locations for this transmitting antenna, and the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
8. MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between all adjacent pilot frequencies positions of same transmitting antenna approaches as far as possible.
9. MIMO-OFDM method of reseptance as claimed in claim 8, wherein, for a described N transmitting antenna, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between the adjacent pilot frequencies position of all same transmitting antennas approaches as far as possible.
10. such as claim 7 or 8 or 9 described MIMO-OFDM method of reseptances, wherein, N=8, P=6 and Q=18, and described array comprises one of following pilot frequency locations collection:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，6、Px
5，2，6、Px
4，5，6、Px
6，6，6、
Px
2，1，13、Px
8，2，13、Px
1，5，13、Px
7，6，13、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}，
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，7、Px
5，2，7、Px
4，5，7、Px
6，6，7、
Px
2，1，12、Px
8，2，12、Px
1，5，12、Px
7，6，12、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，2、Px
5，2，2、Px
4，5，2、Px
6，6，2、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，17、Px
8，2，17、Px
1，5，17、Px
7，6，17、
Px
4, 1,18, Px
6, 2,18, Px
3, 5,18, Px
5, 6,18}, and
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，3、Px
5，2，3、Px
4，5，3、Px
6，6，3、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，16、Px
8，2，16、Px
1，5，16、Px
7，6，16、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
Px wherein
i, y, z be illustrated in y OFDM symbol of time domain, z subcarrier place of frequency domain in the array for x
iThe pilot frequency locations of individual transmitting antenna, x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, x
6, x
7, x
8Greater than 0 less than 9 and unequal mutually.
11. such as claim 7 or 8 or 9 described MIMO-OFDM method of reseptances, also comprise:
According to the mode select signal from transmitting terminal, determine described pattern.
12. a MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus is used for sending OFDM data symbol, wherein N from N antenna〉1, described transmitting apparatus comprises:
The pilots insertion device, it inserts frequency pilot sign to form Physical Resource Block according to pattern, wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprises Q subcarrier, P, Q at frequency domain〉1, and described pattern comprises:
In corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each antenna of N antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of the same antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end
Wherein, for each antenna, insert the frequency pilot sign that is used for this antenna in the pilot frequency locations for this antenna, and at the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
13. MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between all adjacent pilot frequencies positions of the same antenna approaches as far as possible.
14. MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein, for a described N antenna, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between the adjacent pilot frequencies position of all same antennas approaches as far as possible.
15. such as claim 12 or 13 or 14 described MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus, wherein, N=8, P=6 and Q=18, and described array comprises one of following pilot frequency locations collection:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，6、Px
5，2，6、Px
4，5，6、Px
6，6，6、
Px
2，1，13、Px
8，2，13、Px
1，5，13、Px
7，6，13、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}，
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，7、Px
5，2，7、Px
4，5，7、Px
6，6，7、
Px
2，1，12、Px
8，2，12、Px
1，5，12、Px
7，6，12、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，2、Px
5，2，2、Px
4，5，2、Px
6，6，2、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，17、Px
8，2，17、Px
1，5，17、Px
7，6，17、
Px
4, 1,18, Px
6, 2,18, Px
3, 5,18, Px
5, 6,18}, and
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，3、Px
5，2，3、Px
4，5，3、Px
6，6，3、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，16、Px
8，2，16、Px
1，5，16、Px
7，6，16、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
Px wherein
i, y, z be illustrated in y OFDM symbol of time domain, z subcarrier place of frequency domain in the array for x
iThe pilot frequency locations of individual antenna, x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, x
6, x
7, x
8Greater than 0 less than 9 and unequal mutually.
16. such as claim 12 or 13 or 14 described MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus, wherein, when inserting frequency pilot sign for each antenna, described pilots insertion device inserts null symbol in non-pilot frequency locations for this antenna.
17. such as claim 12 or 13 or 14 described MIMO-OFDM transmitting apparatus, also comprise:
Mode controller, it requires or the selectivity of channel frequency characteristic according to channel estimating performance, determines described pattern, and the notice receiving terminal.
18. a MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment is used for receiving the signal that sends from N transmitting antenna, wherein N by M reception antenna〉1, M〉0, described receiving equipment comprises:
Pilot extractor, it extracts frequency pilot sign according to pattern for each reception antenna and each transmitting antenna from the Physical Resource Block that is transformed into frequency domain; With
Channel estimator, its frequency pilot sign according to extraction is estimated the parameter of the channel between described reception antenna and the described transmitting antenna,
Wherein, described Physical Resource Block comprises P OFDM symbol in time domain, comprises Q subcarrier, P, Q at frequency domain〉1, and described pattern comprises:
In corresponding to the Q of Physical Resource Block * P array, comprise at least two pilot frequency locations for each transmitting antenna of N transmitting antenna, all pilot frequency locations are spaced apart in time domain and frequency domain direction, and the maximum time domain interval between the pilot frequency locations of same transmitting antenna/maximum frequency domain interval more than or equal in the pilot frequency locations of the above same transmitting antenna of time domain/frequency domain direction near the pilot frequency locations at array two ends and near the time domain/frequency domain interval between the end
Wherein, pilot extractor is extracted frequency pilot sign for each transmitting antenna from the pilot frequency locations for this transmitting antenna, and the position carry OFDM data symbol except pilot frequency locations.
19. MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment as claimed in claim 18, wherein, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between all adjacent pilot frequencies positions of same transmitting antenna approaches as far as possible.
20. MIMO-OFDM receiving equipment as claimed in claim 19, wherein, for a described N transmitting antenna, the time domain interval/frequency domain interval between the adjacent pilot frequencies position of all same transmitting antennas approaches as far as possible.
21. such as claim 18 or 19 or 20 described MIMO-OFDM receiving equipments, wherein, N=8, P=6 and Q=18, and described array comprises one of following pilot frequency locations collection:
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，6、Px
5，2，6、Px
4，5，6、Px
6，6，6、
Px
2，1，13、Px
8，2，13、Px
1，5，13、Px
7，6，13、
Px
4，1，18、Px
6，2，18、Px
3，5，18、Px
5，6，18}，
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，7、Px
5，2，7、Px
4，5，7、Px
6，6，7、
Px
2，1，12、Px
8，2，12、Px
1，5，12、Px
7，6，12、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
{Px
1，1，1、Px
7，2，1、Px
2，5，1、Px
8，6，1、
Px
3，1，2、Px
5，2，2、Px
4，5，2、Px
6，6，2、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，17、Px
8，2，17、Px
1，5，17、Px
7，6，17、
Px
4, 1,18, Px
6, 2,18, Px
3, 5,18, Px
5, 6,18}, and
{Px
1，1，2、Px
7，2，2、Px
2，5，2、Px
8，6，2、
Px
3，1，3、Px
5，2，3、Px
4，5，3、Px
6，6，3、
Px
1，3，8、Px
7，4，8、
Px
3，3，9、Px
5，4，9、
Px
2，3，10、Px
8，4，10、
Px
4，3，11、Px
6，4，11、
Px
2，1，16、Px
8，2，16、Px
1，5，16、Px
7，6，16、
Px
4，1，17、Px
6，2，17、Px
3，5，17、Px
5，6，17}，
Px wherein
i, y, z be illustrated in y OFDM symbol of time domain, z subcarrier place of frequency domain in the array for x
iThe pilot frequency locations of individual transmitting antenna, x
1, x
2, x
3, x
4, x
5, x
6, x
7, x
8Greater than 0 less than 9 and unequal mutually.
22. such as claim 18 or 19 or 20 described MIMO-OFDM receiving equipments, also comprise:
Mode switch, it determines described pattern according to the mode select signal from transmitting terminal.
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| CN 200810212003 CN101674119B (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2008-09-09 | Multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing sending and receiving equipment and method |
| JP2009198372A JP5446609B2 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2009-08-28 | A MIMO-OFDM transmission method, a MIMO-OFDM transmission apparatus, a MIMO-OFDM reception method, and a MIMO-OFDM reception apparatus. |
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| CN 200810212003 CN101674119B (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2008-09-09 | Multi-input multi-output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing sending and receiving equipment and method |
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| CN102857319A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-02 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and system |
| CN103209067B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | 深圳市力合微电子股份有限公司 | A kind of power line OFDM pilot symbol generation method and device |
| CN106465360A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-02-22 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Method, apparatus, and computer readable medium for transmitting pilots in wireless local area networks |
| CN104243370B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | A kind of time-domain channel estimating method applied in multiaerial system |
| US10396873B2 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2019-08-27 | Mediatek Inc. | Control signaling in a beamforming system |
| US9882620B2 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2018-01-30 | Mediatek Inc. | Synchronization in a beamforming system |
| EP3329625A1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2018-06-06 | Intel Corporation | Downlink reference signal patterns |
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| CN1832464A (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Pilot distribution device of orthogonal frequency division duplex system and its method |
| CN101132381A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-27 | 上海无线通信研究中心 | Pilot frequency data transmission method for MIMO-OFDM system and signal channel estimation method thereof |
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| CN1832464A (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Pilot distribution device of orthogonal frequency division duplex system and its method |
| CN101132381A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-27 | 上海无线通信研究中心 | Pilot frequency data transmission method for MIMO-OFDM system and signal channel estimation method thereof |
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