CN101667871B - Channel pre-allocation method for accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks - Google Patents
Channel pre-allocation method for accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks Download PDFInfo
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- CN101667871B CN101667871B CN2008100425186A CN200810042518A CN101667871B CN 101667871 B CN101667871 B CN 101667871B CN 2008100425186 A CN2008100425186 A CN 2008100425186A CN 200810042518 A CN200810042518 A CN 200810042518A CN 101667871 B CN101667871 B CN 101667871B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a channel pre-allocation method for accelerating the random access of a CPE to CR networks. In the method, channels of which the idle probability reaches or exceeds a set threshold are pre-allocated to each CR network to serve as a special preferred channel of the CR network. Aiming at the scene that a plurality of CR cells share one section of spectrum, the invention provides a channel pre-allocation mechanism for accelerating the acquisition of control channels by the CPE on the premise of not causing harmful interference to primary users, which pre-allocates the channels of which the idle probability reaches or exceeds a certain threshold to each CR network to realize the network access quickly, and saves the power consumption of the CPE before realizing the network access at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technique field, relate to a kind of channel pre-allocation method, relate in particular to a kind of channel pre-allocation method of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the variation of wireless communications application and the continuous growth of wireless traffic, it is more and more in short supply that frequency spectrum resource seems.On the other hand, the a large amount of spectrum measurement work of shared spectrum company shows, the following frequency range of U.S. 3GHz, the average frequency spectrum utilance only is 5.2%, the utilance of television broadcast band (54-862MHz) lower (please refer to " MCHENRY M.Report onSpectrum Occupancy Measurement[EB/OL] ". (2006-06-08) [2007-05-14] .http: //www.sharedspectrum.com), authorize in a large number frequency range not to be fully used.In December, 2003 FCC (FCC) has also passed through a bill, regulation: have cognitive radio (Cognitive Radio, CR) wireless terminal of function naive user not being caused in the situation of harmful interference, can be operated in the licence authorized frequency bands.In November, 2004, first wireless standard IEEE802.22 working group based on cognitive radio set up, be used for to solve operation the cognitive radio wan technology of radio and television frequency range (please refer to Liu Jingsong. " based on the IEEE802.22[J of cognitive radio technology] ". telecommunications wall bulletin: Networks and Communications, 2007, (8): 34-37).
For proper communication, CPE (Customer Premises Equipment, subscriber equipment) need to be successfully completed the network initial access process, sets up contact with BS (Base Station).Add the CPE of network for hope, how the control channel of CR network under the quick obtaining is to obtain transmission required parameter and configuration information, most important to the performance of cognition network.
(please refer to IEEE802.22Working Group.IEEE P802.22 in the IEEE802.22 standard
TM/ D0.1DraftStandard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part22:Cognitive Wireless RAN MediumAccess Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications:Policies and proceduresfor operation in the TV Bands.IEEE P802.22/D0.1, May2006.) in, when CPE wants access network, scan first most recently used channel (if any), otherwise need Whole frequency band scanning, until correctly receive SCH (the Superframe Control Header that BS sends, the superframe control head), transmit necessary parameter and configuration information to obtain up-downgoing.But it is invalid and need the method that Whole frequency band when scanning adopt not to be defined in the most recently used channel in the standard.About how rapid scanning is to idle channel, document " Exploiting Historical Spectrum Occupancy Information forAdaptive Spectrum Sensing " uses historical information according to frequency spectrum, has compared several different channel scanning methods: random scan; According to historical information, select the highest scan channel of idle probability at every turn; According to historical information, estimate current channel condition, choose the highest scan channel of idle probability etc.Document " Adaptive MAC-layer Sensing of SpectrumAvailability in Cognitive Radio Networks " has compared the active pluses and minuses of intercepting with reaction equation of intercepting, proposed the mechanism of adaptively selected scanning channel and sweep time point, further improved and intercept performance.
Because the CR network, available channel is according to the behaviour in service of naive user and dynamic change has also increased CPE to obtain the difficulty of control information, thereby the stability that improves control channel has very big meaning.In addition, because channel information is shared by all the CR residential quarters in the TV broadcast network coverage, when CPE scans idle channel, if other adjacent C R residential quarter takies, consider co-channel interference, target BS can not be operated on this channel, therefore selects the scanning of this channel to be actually once invalid scanning, has aggravated the energy consumption of equipment.
Carry out the method that network accesses at random according to CPE among the IEEE802.22, at first scan target BS and whether be operated on the channel that the last time that CPE keeps uses, if not, full range scans all other possible channels again.The dynamic change of CR network available channel, has unsteadiness, if the CR network is frequent adopt temporary transient idle, but when adding up the very low channel bearing control information of idle probability, according to the method that IEEE802.22CPE accesses at random, at first the last channel that uses of scanning will be without any meaning.In addition because channel statistical information is that all interior CR networks of this elementary network coverage are shared, consider co-channel interference, if CPE scans idle channel and takies other CR residential quarter within the disturbed zone, then the control channel of target BS can not be positioned on this idle channel, is invalid in fact to the scanning of this channel.Naive user is not being caused under the prerequisite of harmful interference, the present invention is based on the historical statistics information that channel uses, proposed a kind of shared channel is carried out preassignment, give to share special-purpose preferred channel (the Dedicated Prior Channel of CR cell allocation in the scope, DPCh) mechanism, reduce to a certain extent invalid intercepting, accelerate the control information of CR Network Capture, reduce because channel is intercepted the power consumption that causes.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the channel pre-allocation method that a kind of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks is provided, the method is distributed to each CR network in advance with the channel that idle probability reaches certain threshold value, realize fast network insertion, save simultaneously the power consumption of CPE before realizing network insertion.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of channel pre-allocation method of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks, the method reach idle probability or the channel that exceeds setting threshold is distributed to each CR network in advance, as the special-purpose preferred channel of this CR network.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described method comprises the steps:
Steps A, CPE at first search the special-purpose preferred channel of CR network configuration of living in;
If step B has distributed special-purpose preferred channel, then at first scan special-purpose preferred channel; If unallocated then execution in step D;
If step C correctly receives SCH at special-purpose preferred channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; If fail correctly to receive SCH, execution in step D;
Step D, concentrate to select the highest channel of idle probability to scan in conventional channel; Wherein, the idle probability that integrates of conventional channel does not reach the set of the channel of setting threshold as channel;
If step e correctly receives SCH on the highest channel of described idle probability, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; Otherwise, concentrate selection not to be scanned and the highest channel of idle probability from conventional channel, continue scanning;
Step F, repeating step E have been scanned complete until correctly receive all channels that SCH or conventional channel concentrate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the described steps A, CPE according to the time segment search CR network configuration of living in special-purpose preferred channel.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described setting threshold according to channel number, channel status, and expectation CPE access CR network after performance obtain.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is directed to the scene that one section frequency spectrum is shared in a plurality of CR residential quarter, naive user is not being produced under the prerequisite of harmful interference, the channel preassignment mechanism that a kind of CPE of acceleration obtains control channel has been proposed, the channel that idle probability is reached certain threshold value is distributed to each CR network in advance, realize fast network insertion, save simultaneously the power consumption of CPE before realizing network insertion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of channel pre-allocation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 distributes schematic diagram for the special-purpose preferred channel of considering the neighbor cell co-channel interference.
Fig. 3 is IEEE802.22 network scenarios schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of scanning average channel number and special-purpose preferred channel number.
Fig. 5 is scanning average channel number and λ
ThGraph of a relation.
Embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention has disclosed a kind of channel pre-allocation method of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks, and the method reaches idle probability or the channel that exceeds setting threshold is distributed to each CR network in advance, as the special-purpose preferred channel of this CR network; Described each CR network distributes a special-purpose preferred channel at least.Described setting threshold according to channel number, channel status, and expectation CPE access CR network after performance obtain.The method comprises the steps:
Steps A, CPE at first according to the time segment search CR network configuration of living in special-purpose preferred channel;
If step B has distributed special-purpose preferred channel, then at first scan special-purpose preferred channel; If unallocated then execution in step D;
If step C correctly receives SCH at special-purpose preferred channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; If fail correctly to receive SCH, execution in step D;
Step D, concentrate to select the highest channel of idle probability to scan in conventional channel; Wherein, the idle probability that integrates of conventional channel does not reach the set of the channel of setting threshold as channel;
If step e is at the highest upper SCH that correctly receives of the described idle probability of channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; Otherwise, concentrate selection not to be scanned and the highest channel of idle probability from conventional channel, continue scanning;
Step F, repeating step E have been scanned complete until correctly receive all channels that SCH or conventional channel concentrate.
The present invention is directed to a plurality of CR residential quarter and share the scene of one section frequency spectrum, naive user is not being produced under the prerequisite of harmful interference, the channel preassignment mechanism that a kind of CPE of acceleration obtains control channel has been proposed, the channel that idle probability is reached certain threshold value is distributed to each CR network in advance, realize fast network insertion, save simultaneously the power consumption of CPE before realizing network insertion.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is according to the channel usage statistical information, the channel that idle probability is reached or exceed setting threshold is distributed to each CR network in advance, as the special-purpose preferred channel of this this residential quarter, make CPE energy quick obtaining control information when network accesses at random, reduce the time of scanning channel.
If the channel number that cognitive radio networks can wait for an opportunity to use is designated as M.Based on a large amount of spectrum measurement information, establish M channel idle probability descending, i.e. λ
1〉=λ
2〉=λ
m〉=λ
M+1〉=λ
M, λ wherein
mThe idle probability that represents m channel, (m=1,2 ..., M).The allocation threshold of special-purpose preferred channel is designated as λ
Th, the channel number that meets special-purpose preferred channel condition in all channels is designated as N, i.e. λ
1〉=λ
2〉=λ
N〉=λ
Thλ
N+1〉=λ
M
The number of CR network is designated as K, and the special-purpose preferred channel of each CR network configuration is designated as { DPCh (k) }, wherein:
If a special-purpose preferred channel is distributed at most in each CR residential quarter, the channel number that note is assigned as special-purpose preferred channel is L, and remaining (M-L) individual channel is called conventional channel collection (Ordinary Channel Set).
CPE scans channel, and channel of single pass has been scanned until correctly receive SCH information or all channels of BS transmission, thereby the maximum scan number of times of establishing CPE is M, and the result of each scanning is designated as S (j), wherein (j=1,2 ..., M).When all scan channels finish not yet controlled information, then be designated as once failure.
The special-purpose preferred channel of certain CR network can only be used by this network, for other CR network, if this channel is not its special-purpose preferred channel, then can not use.The distribution of special-purpose preferred channel will be considered the interference problem of CR minizone, and as considering the neighbor cell co-channel interference, then neighbor cell can not use same special-purpose preferred channel, as shown in Figure 2.Same special-purpose preferred channel can be adopted in the CR residential quarter of same color mark among the figure, therefore should the zone in no matter what CR networks are arranged, need only N 〉=3 and just can give special-purpose preferred channel of each cell allocation.If more strict to the requirement of disturbing, such as considering that two circles with interior interference, then need N 〉=7 guarantees to special-purpose preferred channel of each CR cell allocation.
Special-purpose preferred channel acquisition of information mode is as follows:
Because the impact of human activity, the frequency spectrum behaviour in service of having distributed to application-specific has 24 hours cyclophysis usually.CPE is the static infrastructure of IEEE802.22 network, and the CPE that newly adds network can implant the special-purpose preferred channel configuration information of belonging network when configuration; And for network Already in, but because fortuitous event and BS decoupling need the CPE that again accesses, the special-purpose preferred channel configuration information of its reservation is still effective when network re-accesses.According to 24 hours period characteristics, can be divided into T period with 24 hours, this special use preferred channel information can be expressed as an information table { PC at times
K, t.PC
K, tRepresent special-purpose preferred channel that k CR network distribute at period t number, wherein (k=1,2 ..., K, t=1,2 ..., T).
When network accessed at random, the step of CPE scanning channel was as follows:
(1) CPE at first according to the time segment search CR network configuration of living in special-purpose preferred channel;
(2) if distributed special-purpose preferred channel, then at first scan special-purpose preferred channel; If unallocated then execution in step (4);
(3) if correctly receive SCH at special-purpose preferred channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; If fail correctly to receive SCH, execution in step (4);
(4) concentrate to select the highest channel x of idle probability to scan in conventional channel, because the hypothesis channel is by idle probability descending, so x=L+1 herein;
(5) if correctly receive SCH on channel x, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; Otherwise, concentrate selection not to be scanned and the highest channel of idle probability from conventional channel, continue scanning;
(6) repeating step (5), until correctly receive SCH, (M-L) the individual channels that own that perhaps conventional channel is concentrated all have been scanned complete.
Embodiment two
Now take the IEEE802.22 network as example, application of the present invention is elaborated, network scenarios as shown in Figure 3.In the coverage of a broadcasting television tower (circle inner region), there is a plurality of CR residential quarter, each CR residential quarter a plurality of CPE that distributing, CPE normally is installed in the static infrastructure of top of building.
A special-purpose preferred channel is got at most in each CR residential quarter, and limits two circle (certainly can limit more multi-turn) residential quarters with interior co-channel interference, and therefore special-purpose preferred channel can not be multiplexing in 7 CR residential quarters shown in Figure 3.The number of supposing BS is K=7, the total number of channels that can wait for an opportunity to share in this zone is M=20, special-purpose preferred channel allocation threshold λ th=0.8, namely as long as the idle probability of channel is higher than 0.8, this channel just can be used as special-purpose preferred channel and distributes to certain CR residential quarter.
As described in embodiment one, N, considers N from 1,2 here for satisfying the channel number of special-purpose preferred channel condition in all channels ..., M changes.When N≤7, a special-purpose preferred channel is respectively got in 1 to N residential quarter; When 7＜N≤20,1 to No. 7 a special-purpose preferred channel is respectively got in the residential quarter, remaining (N-7) individual qualified channel does not reach 0.8 channel with remaining (20-N) individual idle probability yet, for using in the invalid situation of the special-purpose preferred channel that distributes each residential quarter.
Based on the at random access operation flow process of CPE of the inventive method as shown in Figure 1.Based on above parameter setting, based on special-purpose preferred channel scan method of the present invention, with random scan, and compare by the method for idle channel descending scanning, rear two kinds of methods have all been utilized the channel information of the last use when accessing at random.The result indicates among the figure as shown in Figure 4, obviously is better than other two kinds of methods based on special-purpose preferred channel scan method performance of the present invention.Along with special-purpose preferred channel number increases, the average channel number of three kinds of needed scannings of scan method all descends, wherein random scan is with approaching by the performance of idle probability scanning, and along with the channel number that meets special-purpose preferred channel condition increases, because having reduced the minizone strives for " collision " that same channel causes, the random scan performance is better than the method by idle probability descending scanning on the contrary slightly.
In addition, as can be seen from Figure, at qualified special-purpose preferred channel number relatively less and relatively many in, special-purpose preferred channel scan method is than other two kinds of method performances raising less; And in zone line (N=4,5, the 6) random scan of figure with by the method for idle probability descending scanning, to compare gap larger with special-purpose preferred channel scan method.Illustrate that the performance difference of three kinds of methods is less when most channel idle probability is lower or higher.
The idle probability of supposing each idle channel is known, changes required λ
Th, then qualified special-purpose preferred channel number also will change, along with λ
ThIncrease and reduce.The idle probability of supposing 20 channels is respectively:
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| |
1 | 0.95 | 0.9 | 0.85 | 0.8 | 0.75 | 0.7 | 0.65 | 0.6 | 0.55 |
| Channel number | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Idle probability | 0.5 | 0.45 | 0.4 | 0.35 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.1 | 0 |
Table 1 channel idle probability tables
Work as λ
ThDuring variation, the average channel number of three kinds of required scannings of scan method is seen Fig. 5.Random scan and the method and the λ that scan by idle probability descending
ThSetting it doesn't matter, thereby curve is more smooth, because the randomness of statistics has by a small margin fluctuating.Based on the scan method of special-purpose preferred channel, along with λ
ThIncrease, the special-purpose preferred channel decreased number that satisfies condition is the correct average channel number increase that receives the required scanning of SCH.Work as λ
ThWhen relatively low, the channel that idle probability is very low also becomes special-purpose preferred channel, because during CPE scanning, it is lower and distributed to the channel of other residential quarter " to skip " the idle probability of part, still is better than other method based on the scan performance of special-purpose preferred channel.But work as λ
ThRequirement brings up at 1 o'clock, is not so good as on the contrary to press the method for idle probability descending scanning based on the scan method performance of special-purpose preferred channel.This be because, only exist a special-purpose preferred channel, the method to deteriorate to not consider this moment use recently channel by idle probability descending scan method because " collision " of minizone, performance is the method not as scanning by idle probability descending on the contrary.
This explanation, in the situation of the idle probability of known channel, λ
ThChoose very important.Suitable λ
ThChoose the stability that to utilize channel information to improve to a certain extent BS control information place channel, also can reduce simultaneously the invalid scanning that channel that CPE scanning taken by other residential quarter causes, improve the speed of control information of obtaining.Described setting threshold according to channel number, channel status, and expectation CPE access CR network after performance obtain.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only.Any modification or partial replacement that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the channel pre-allocation method of an accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks, it is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:
Steps A, CPE at first search the special-purpose preferred channel of CR network configuration of living in; The channel that idle probability is reached or exceed setting threshold is distributed to each CR network in advance, as the special-purpose preferred channel of this CR network;
If step B has distributed special-purpose preferred channel, then at first scan special-purpose preferred channel; If unallocated then execution in step D;
If step C correctly receives SCH at special-purpose preferred channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; If fail correctly to receive SCH, execution in step D;
Step D, concentrate to select the highest channel of idle probability to scan in conventional channel; Wherein, the idle probability that integrates of conventional channel does not reach the set of the channel of setting threshold as channel;
If step e is at the highest upper SCH that correctly receives of the described idle probability of channel, then the end of scan carries out the network initial access process; Otherwise, concentrate selection not to be scanned and the highest channel of idle probability from conventional channel, continue scanning;
Step F, repeating step E have been scanned complete until correctly receive all channels that SCH or conventional channel concentrate.
2. the channel pre-allocation method of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described steps A, CPE according to the time segment search CR network configuration of living in special-purpose preferred channel.
3. the channel pre-allocation method of accelerating random access of CPE to CR networks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described setting threshold according to channel number, channel status, and expectation CPE access CR network after performance obtain.
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| KR20080029917A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Spectrum-sensing algorithms and methods |
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| CN1091568A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-08-31 | 日本电气株式会社 | In multi-frequency radio pager network, detect the method for paging channel |
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| CN101123802A (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-02-13 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Method and device for selecting access point in wireless LAN |
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