CN101667307A - Short-time shaft centerline orbit array - Google Patents
Short-time shaft centerline orbit array Download PDFInfo
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- CN101667307A CN101667307A CN200910034878A CN200910034878A CN101667307A CN 101667307 A CN101667307 A CN 101667307A CN 200910034878 A CN200910034878 A CN 200910034878A CN 200910034878 A CN200910034878 A CN 200910034878A CN 101667307 A CN101667307 A CN 101667307A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shaft centerline orbit graph of a mechanical rotating shaft, which is extracted from a frequency domain and called as a short-time shaft centerline orbit array. A manufacturing method of the short-time shaft centerline orbit array comprises the following steps: 1. reading an x signal array and a y signal array which are synchronously collected and obtained from two vertical directions of the section of a rotating shaft; 2. respectively segmenting the x signal array and the y signal array according to certain delay time D and short time window length L, and respectively and sequentially segmenting out a group of short-time signal array for the x signal array and the y signal array; 3. extracting each pair of bidirectional short time signal arrays with the same time span from the frequency domain to manufacture a shaft centerline orbit graph, i.e. a short-time shaft centerline orbit; and 4. arranging all obtained short-time shaft centerline orbits along a timeaxis, i.e. arranging according to a time order intercepted from the short-time signal array to obtain the short-time shaft centerline orbit array. The short-time shaft centerline orbit array can indicate the characteristics of the dynamic change of a mechanical rotating shaft centerline orbit and is an effective tool for evaluating the running state of a mechanical rotating shaft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center figure.
With the sliding bearing is the large rotating machinery of rotor bearing spare, as large-size machine, centrifugal compressor etc., and the analysis and evaluation of their running status, the basic tool of of being relied on is exactly the movement locus figure of its rotating shaft core.
Usually, on a shaft section of rotating machinery, the vibration displacement sensor at two mutually perpendicular sensing rotating shaft centers is installed, is called X sensor and Y sensor, to obtain the shaft vibration displacement signal on this cross section, illustration is seen accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3.So-called X sensor refers to, the observer is that an end of counterclockwise rotation direction is seen over from observing rotor, rotor surface (in other words the surface go up and illustration in the crossing particle of horizontal direction) that sensor of turning at first counterclockwise is the X sensor.Might as well, the two direction vibration displacement bursts that will gather simultaneously from this cross section X sensor and Y sensor are called x burst and y burst, below are called for short x signal and y signal sometimes.
Utilize x burst and y burst can directly go out the movement locus figure in axle center at the rectangular coordinate plane inside-paint, this orbit of shaft center is called original orbit of shaft center.Also x burst and y burst can be transformed to frequency domain by certain way earlier, from frequency domain extraction two to some interested components of sequence, go out the movement locus figure in axle center with these components at the rectangular coordinate plane inside-paint again, this class orbit of shaft center figure might as well be called the orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction.Often contain too many noise in the original orbit of shaft center, be not easy to the state of assessment apparatus operation; The orbit of shaft center figure of frequency domain extraction can be got rid of considerable noise and interference.
What the present invention relates to is a kind of mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction.
Background technology
Several mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center figures have been introduced in document " the holographic diagnostics principle of mechanical fault " (Qu Liang gives birth to work, Science Press, in July, the 2007) book, as synthetic orbit of shaft center, frequency multiplication orbit of shaft center, purification orbit of shaft center etc. from frequency domain extraction.
Existing orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction, their making step can be summarized as: (1) reads x burst and the y burst on a cross section of rotating shaft of picking up simultaneously; (2) x burst and y burst are carried out the fast discrete Fourier conversion respectively, ask for fourier series separately; (3) from two fourier series, extract accordingly some to interested frequency component, respectively by two sensing directions with the frequency component summation of extracting; (4) utilize summation and a pair of and component, go out the movement locus figure in axle center at the rectangular coordinate plane inside-paint, see shown in accompanying drawing 5 and the accompanying drawing 6.
From making step as can be known, existing orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction all is the orbit of shaft center figure of an average properties, because they are the orbit of shaft center figures that drawn by the component of interest of x and y burst average properties in the whole observation period.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that solves.Existing orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction, their method for making have determined it all is the orbit of shaft center of average properties, can not reflect that the mechanical rotating shaft running status is in observation in time dynamic change in the period.
Technical scheme.
A kind of mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction is called short-time shaft centerline orbit array, and its method for making comprises following steps: (1) reads the x burst and the y burst that come the axis of rotation one cross section two vertical direction of synchronous acquisition; (2) by certain time delay D and short-term window length L, respectively x burst and y burst are cut apart, be partitioned into one group of short signal sequence separately successively, see shown in the accompanying drawing 4; (3) to each to the time stride two identical direction short signal sequences, make an orbit of shaft center figure, i.e. a short-time shaft centerline orbit by existing method from frequency domain extraction; All short-time shaft centerline orbits that (4) will obtain are arranged along time shaft, promptly press the chronological order of short signal sequence intercepting and arrange, and then obtain short-time shaft centerline orbit array.The making flow process of whole short-time shaft centerline orbit array is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 1.
Short-time shaft centerline orbit array of the present invention, the natural law that its above method for making is utilized is: the image of a series of sequences in short-term that will intercept successively from long time series, in chronological sequence order is arranged along time shaft, must show the non-stationary property of process when long time series signal is long in other words, this is the principle place of time frequency analysis.
Beneficial effect.
The orbit of shaft center figure of existing frequency domain extraction is the x that observed and the y two bursts a kind of average orbit of shaft center in the whole observation period, can not reflect that the rotating shaft core track is in observation in time dynamic change in the period.Short-time shaft centerline orbit array of the present invention, substantially solved this problem, though its making also realizes through frequency domain, but it can indicate the dynamic change in time of mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center to a certain extent, and the dynamic not stationarity of analysis and evaluation mechanical rotating shaft operation is played an important role with relevant therewith equipment failure.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1, the making flow process of short-time shaft centerline orbit array of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2, one cross section X, Y displacement transducer installation position synoptic diagram 1.
Accompanying drawing 3, one cross section X, Y displacement transducer installation position synoptic diagram 2.
Accompanying drawing 4 is from the method synoptic diagram of x and y signal intercepting short signal sequence.
Accompanying drawing 5, existing average orbit of shaft center synoptic diagram 1 of whole observation period from frequency domain extraction.
Accompanying drawing 6, existing average orbit of shaft center synoptic diagram 2 of whole observation period from frequency domain extraction.
Accompanying drawing 7, the short-time shaft centerline orbit array synoptic diagram 1 of the present invention one cross section x, y signal.
Accompanying drawing 8, the short-time shaft centerline orbit array synoptic diagram 2 of the present invention one cross section x, y signal.
Embodiment (embodiment)
From certain rotor one bearing cross section actual measurement shaft vibration displacement signal, the layout orientation of X, Y two sensors as shown in Figure 3.Synchronous acquisition is from the rotor vibration displacement signal of X, Y displacement transducer, i.e. x signal and y signal, and sampling rate is 2kHz, and sampling number is 1024 points.The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
(1) reads the rotor vibration displacement signal from rotor single cross section X, Y sensor of a pair of synchronous acquisition, i.e. x signal and y signal, sampling rate 2kHz, sampling number 1024 points.
(2) getting time delay D in this example is 32 sampling interval, and short-term window length L is 256 sampling interval, by this time delay D and short-term window length L, successively x and y burst is cut apart respectively, is partitioned into one group of short signal sequence separately, sees shown in the accompanying drawing 4.Choosing of time delay D and short-term window length L can be adjusted as required in practice; Time delay D is selected more for a short time, and the sequence of cutting apart in short-term is many more, and promptly the short-time spectrum number is many more, but calculated amount increases; The long L of window selects shortly more, and the time domain distinguishing is good more, but the frequency domain distinguishing is poor more.
(3) with each to the time stride two identical direction short signal sequences, from frequency domain selective extraction component of interest, make a short-time shaft centerline orbit.In this example, two kinds of situations have been tested respectively: change the situation that frequency component is made a short-time shaft centerline orbit from frequency domain extraction; Change frequency component and the situation of making a short-time shaft centerline orbit with component of changeing two frequency multiplication components frequently from frequency domain extraction.
(4) short-time shaft centerline orbit of all short signal sequence component of interest is arranged along time shaft, promptly pressed the chronological order of short signal sequence intercepting and arrange, then obtain short-time shaft centerline orbit array.Accompanying drawing 7 is for changeing the short-time shaft centerline orbit array of frequency component, and accompanying drawing 8 is for changeing frequency component and changeing frequently the two frequency multiplication component and short-time shaft centerline orbit arrays component.For the ease of observing, the time shaft that allows in accompanying drawing 7 and the accompanying drawing 8 one group of short-time shaft centerline orbit arrange is placed perpendicular to paper.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that above x signal and y signal change the average axle center trace graphics that frequency component is made based on existing method from frequency domain extraction in the whole observation period.Accompanying drawing 6 changes frequency component and the average axle center trace graphics made from component that changes two frequency multiplication components frequently based on existing method from frequency domain extraction for above x signal and y signal in the whole observation period.Respectively accompanying drawing 7 is compared with accompanying drawing 5, accompanying drawing 8 is compared with accompanying drawing 6, and obviously, short-time shaft centerline orbit array can show the dynamic change situation of orbit of shaft center.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of mechanical rotating shaft orbit of shaft center figure from frequency domain extraction, be called short-time shaft centerline orbit array, it is characterized in that its making comprises following steps: (1) reads the x burst and the y burst that come the axis of rotation one cross section two vertical direction of synchronous acquisition; (2) by certain time delay D and short-term window length L, respectively x burst and y burst are cut apart, be partitioned into one group of short signal sequence separately successively; (3) to each to the time stride two identical direction short signal sequences, make an orbit of shaft center figure, i.e. a short-time shaft centerline orbit from frequency domain extraction; All short-time shaft centerline orbits that (4) will obtain are arranged along time shaft, promptly press the chronological order of short signal sequence intercepting and arrange, and then obtain short-time shaft centerline orbit array.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907089A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | Fault diagnosis method of compressor shafting based on three-dimensional space axle center orbit |
| CN105258892A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 沈阳鼓风机集团安装检修配件有限公司 | Vibration fault detection method and apparatus for centrifugal compressor |
| CN112686181A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-20 | 西安理工大学 | Water turbine fault diagnosis method based on interpolation axis track |
-
2009
- 2009-09-10 CN CN2009100348786A patent/CN101667307B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907089A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-08 | 西安交通大学 | Fault diagnosis method of compressor shafting based on three-dimensional space axle center orbit |
| CN101907089B (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-11-28 | 西安交通大学 | Fault diagnosis method of compressor shafting based on three-dimensional space axle center orbit |
| CN105258892A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 沈阳鼓风机集团安装检修配件有限公司 | Vibration fault detection method and apparatus for centrifugal compressor |
| CN105258892B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2018-12-11 | 沈阳鼓风机集团安装检修配件有限公司 | A kind of centrifugal compressor vibration fault detection method and device |
| CN112686181A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-20 | 西安理工大学 | Water turbine fault diagnosis method based on interpolation axis track |
| CN112686181B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-06-23 | 西安理工大学 | Hydraulic turbine fault diagnosis method based on interpolation axis track |
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