Background technology
Liquid-crystal display (LCD) obtains people's extensive concern as an important application of this exotic materials of liquid crystal always.Nearly decades, particularly fast development of information technology and people are to the continuous pursuit of information display mode in recent ten years, and liquid-crystal display has obtained the swiftest and the most violent development.Today, liquid-crystal display just is illustrated in face of the people with colourful form, and its many products are because its excellent characteristic makes its pursuit that becomes fashion, and processs the commodity that hand can get in the market.
Liquid-crystal display follows the discovery of liquid crystal to experience very long road for development.Austrian botanist Friedrich Reinitzer had found first kind of liquid crystal material in 1888--M-nitro benzoic acid cholesterol (cholesteryl benzoate).Manguin had invented the directed method of friction in 1917, in order to make single domain liquid crystal and research optical anisotropy.E.Bose in 1909 has set up and has collected together (Swarm) theory, and obtains people's such as L.S.Ormstein and F.Zernike experiment support (1918), after De Gennes is discussed as statistical fluctuation.G.W.Oseen and H.Zocher1933 found the continuum theory, and obtain F.C.Frank perfect (1958).M.Born (1916) and K.Lichtennecker (nineteen twenty-six) have found and have studied the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal.1932, W.Kast was divided into nematic phase positive and negative property two big classes in view of the above.Nineteen twenty-seven, V.Freedericksz and V.Zolinao find that nematic liquid crystal under electric field (or magnetic field) effect, deformation takes place and have voltage threshold (Freederichsz transformation).This making that is found to be liquid-crystal display provides foundation.
The nineteen sixty-eight R.Williams of U.S. RCA Corp. finds that nematic liquid crystal forms the striped farmland under electric field action, and light scattering phenomenon is arranged.G.H.Heilmeir develops into the dynamic scattering display format with being about to it, and makes first liquid-crystal display (LCD) in the world.People such as nineteen sixty-eight U.S. Heilmeir have also proposed guest-host effect (GH) pattern.Xerox company proposed Ch-N phase change memory pattern in 1969.M.F.Schiekel proposed electrically conerolled birefringence (ECB) pattern in 1971, T.L.Fergason etc. propose twisted-nematic phase (Twisted Nematic:TN) pattern, N.Clark in 1980 etc. propose ferroelectric liquid crystal mode (FLC), and 1983~1985 years people such as T.Scheffer successively propose active matrix (Active matrix:AM) mode that supertwist nematic phase (Super Twisred Nematic:STN) pattern and P.Brody proposed in 1972 and adopted again.Nagata in 1986 proposes to realize the white and black displays technology with double-deck box (DSTN); Useful again afterwards stretching polymeric membrane is realized the technology (FSTN) of white and black displays.After 1996, propose to adopt the reflective TN (RTN) and reflective STN (RSTN) pattern of single polaroid again.
At present, active matrix (active matrix) liquid-crystal display is owing to its high resolving power, high-contrast, and the slim and light characteristics of amount more and more are subjected to people's favor.Present main flow LCD is TFT (thin film transistor) liquid-crystal display that belongs to the active matrix type.
Different with the simple matrix of passive TN-LCD, STN-LCD, active matrix all is provided with a thin film transistor (TFT) on each pixel of liquid crystal display, crosstalking in the time of to overcome non-gating effectively, make the static characteristics and the number of scanning lines that show liquid crystal display irrelevant, therefore improved picture quality greatly.
The application of TFT-LCD starts to walk from small-sized consumption electronic product, and then finds its opportunity to develop in the PC industry, and especially popularizing of notebook computer promoted the demand of small-medium size panel.The TFT-LCD technique of display has the whole market share in notebook computer market at present, and the beginning vast scale is penetrated into the desktop computer monitor market.Simultaneously, TFT-LCD TV market starts and develops rapidly, and forms industry size.
In the TFT-LCD field, the division of labor of large size panel and small-medium size panel is relatively clear and definite.The Application Areas of large size TFT-LCD panel is more concentrated, mainly is indicating meter and LCD TV, small-medium size TFT-LCD panel, and Application Areas is more extensive with respect to large size, is mainly used in fields such as communication, consumer electronics, mobile office.The communications field mainly is a mobile phone, comprises Personal Handyphone System (PHS), smart mobile phone etc.Consumer electronics is used a lot, and will enrich constantly, mainly contain global positioning system (GPS) (GPS), MP3, MP4, portable electronic device (PMP), mobile DVD, digital camera, pick up camera, digital frame, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), game machine, printer etc. are a feast for the eyes.Mobile office mainly is the super OLPC (one lap per child) that can take PC (UMPC) and be positioned at student market.In addition, Vehicular display device and medical treatment, industrial instrument are also increasing sharply to the demand of small-medium size TFT-LCD panel.
At present, the TFT-LCD product technology is ripe, has successfully solved technical barriers such as visual angle, resolving power, fullness of shade and brightness, its display performance near or surpass CRT monitor.Large size and small-medium size TFT-LCD indicating meter occupy the dominant position of flat-panel monitor gradually in field separately.
But owing to be subjected to the restriction of liquid crystal material itself, it is fast inadequately that TFT-LCD still exists response, and voltage is low inadequately, the high inadequately many defectives of electric charge conservation rate.
Therefore, it is little that the present invention proposes a kind of viscosity, the transformation temperature wide ranges, and resistivity and voltage retention height, driving voltage is low, can be used for making the nematic liquid crystal composition of the TFT of quick response with TN-LCD.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nematic liquid crystal composition, its viscosity is little, the transformation temperature wide ranges, and resistivity and voltage retention height, driving voltage is low, can be used for making the nematic liquid crystal composition of the TFT of quick response with TN-LCD.
Nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention comprises each component of following weight percent:
(1) the I compounds of 5-50%;
(2) the II compounds of 1-60%;
(3) the III compounds of 0-30%;
(4) the IV compounds of 5-40%;
(5) the V compounds of 0-50%;
(6) the VI compounds of 0-30%.
(7) the opticity component of 0.05-0.5%.
The chemical formula of described I compounds is as follows:
Wherein, R
1Be the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced L by-CH=CH-
1, L
2And L
3Independent of each other is H or F.
The compound of Formula I representative has big Δ ε and little rotary viscosity, and has low fusing point, can effectively reduce the threshold voltage of mixed liquid crystal, reduces time of response and the low temperature mutual solubility of improving mixed liquid crystal simultaneously.
I compounds of the present invention is preferably as follows one or more in the compound of structure:
R wherein
2Be the alkyl of 2-5 carbon atom, one of them or two non-conterminous groups can be replaced by-CH=CH-.
In the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention, the IA of I compounds, IB, IC, the content of ID compounds is respectively 0-20%, and particularly preferred content is 3-15%.
In the compound of the preferred especially following structure of I compounds of the present invention one or more:
I A-2 most preferably, I A-3, I A-4, I B-2, I B-3, I D-2, one or more in the compounds such as I D-4.
Described II compounds is with following chemical formulation:
Wherein, R
1Be the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced L by-CH=CH-
1, L
2And L
3Independent of each other is H or F or Cl.
This compounds has little specific refractory power anisotropy, characteristics such as low viscosity, and have moderate Δ ε and clearing point, can effectively adjust threshold voltage and widen nematic temperature range.
II compounds of the present invention is preferably as follows one or more in the compound of structure:
R wherein
2Be the alkyl of 2-5 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced by-CH=CH-.
The preferred 5-45% of content of the II compounds among the present invention.
In the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention, II category-A compounds content is 0-20%; The content of II category-B compound is 0-20%; The content of II C compounds is 0-30%; The content of II D compounds is 0-40%.
In the preferred especially following compound of II compounds of the present invention one or more:
III compounds of the present invention is with following chemical formulation:
Wherein, R
1Be the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced L by-CH=CH-
1Be H or F, W
1For-OCF
2H or-OCF
3
This compounds has big Δ ε, and higher refrigerant point and moderate viscosity can effectively reduce the threshold voltage of mixed liquid crystal.
III compounds of the present invention is preferably as follows one or more in the compound of structure:
R wherein
2Be the alkyl of 2-5 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced by-CH=CH-.
The content of the III compounds among the present invention is preferably 0-20%;
In the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention, III category-A compounds content is 0-15%; The content of IIIB compounds is 0-15%; The content of IIIC compounds is 0-15%; The content of IIID compounds is 0-15%; The content of IIIE compounds is 0-15%.
In the preferred especially compound shown below of III compounds of the present invention one or more:
IV compounds of the present invention is as follows:
Wherein, R
1, R
2Independent of each other is the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can by-CH=CH-or-O-replaces, wherein,
For
Or
This compounds has extremely low viscosity, can effectively reduce the overall viscosity of design of mixture, thereby accelerates the time of response.
The content of IV compounds is preferably 5-35% among the present invention;
The content of any compound in the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention in the IV compounds is no more than 20%.
In the preferred compound shown below of IV compounds of the present invention one or more:
V compounds of the present invention is shown below:
Wherein, R
1, R
2Independent of each other is the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can by-CH=CH-or-O-replaces.
This compounds has lower viscosity and bigger K33/K11, has moderate clearing point and Δ n, and a part that can be used as mixed liquid crystal main body composition is adjusted over-all properties.
In the preferred compound shown below of V compounds of the present invention one or more:
The content of any compound in the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention in the V compounds is no more than 20%.For adjusting the over-all properties of mixed liquid crystal, V compounds of the present invention preferred especially V-1, V-3 and V-5.
VI compounds of the present invention is shown below:
Wherein, R
1Be the alkyl of 0-12 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced by-CH=CH-; L
1Independent of each other with L2 is F or H.
This compounds has higher clearing point, is used for widening the nematic phase upper temperature limit of mixed liquid crystal, thereby widens the operating temperature range of LCD.
In the preferred following compounds of VI compounds of the present invention one or more:
R wherein
2Be the alkyl of 2-5 carbon atom, one or two non-conterminous group can be replaced by-CH=CH-.
The present invention is preferred especially but be not limited in the following compound one or more:
The content of VI compounds is 0-30% among the present invention, and preferred content is 1-20%.
In the liquid-crystal composition of the present invention, the content of any compound of VI compounds is for being no more than 8%.
Opticity component of the present invention in addition, as S811, R811 etc., its content are 0.05-0.5%, particularly preferred is 0.07-0.15%.
Particularly preferred, described liquid-crystal composition of the present invention comprises following components in weight percentage:
(1) the I compounds of 5-50%;
(2) the II compounds of 5-45%;
(3) the III compounds of 0-20%;
(4) the IV compounds of 5-35%;
(5) the V compounds of 0-30%, wherein preferred especially V-1, V-3 and V-5,
(6) the VI compounds of 1-20%.
(7) the opticity component of 0.07-0.2%.
Nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention, one or more that can also contain common nematic liquid crystal monomer, disc-like liquid crystal monomer, cholesteric liquid crystal monomers etc. are as the component (non-additive) among the present invention.
Liquid-crystal composition of the present invention can adopt ordinary method that two or more liquid crystalline cpds are mixed and produce, as at high temperature mixing different components and dissolved method preparation each other, wherein, liquid-crystal composition is dissolved in solvent and the mixing that is used for this compound, under reduced pressure distills out this solvent then; Liquid-crystal composition perhaps of the present invention can be according to trendy styles from Hong Kong preparation method's preparation of routine, the less component of content is dissolved under higher temperature in the bigger main ingredient of content as inciting somebody to action wherein, or component is dissolved in organic solvent under seeing each, as acetone, chloroform or methyl alcohol etc., solution is mixed obtaining after solvent is removed in the back then.
By the nematic liquid crystal composition excellent performance that the present invention obtains, have low-down overall response time (ttot=ton+toff), have lower voltage, high resistivity and voltage retention.By the adjustment to each component concentration, nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention can have different threshold voltages and Δ n characteristic, can make client usually used four bottles or six bottles system, is convenient to use under the thick and different driving voltage at different boxes.
Above-mentioned nematic liquid-crystal composition is applicable to TN-LCD, is specially adapted to make the TNTFT-LCD of quick response.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The parameter characteristic that needs in an embodiment to measure adopts following abbreviation:
Cp clearing point (nematic phase-isotropic phase transition temperature)
S → N smectic-nematic Phase temperature
η volume viscosity (mm
2/ s, 20 ℃)
Δ ε dielectric constant anisotropy (20 ℃, 1000Hz)
Δ n optical anisotropy (20 ℃, 589nm)
The character voltage of V10 threshold voltage=when relative 10% contrast gradient (V, 20 ℃)
The character voltage of V90 saturation voltage=when relative 90% contrast gradient (V, 20 ℃)
S electricity aberration inducing curve steepness=V90/V10
τ ton+toff (time of response) (ms)
Time when ton connects when reaching maximum countrast 90%
Time when toff cuts off when reaching maximum countrast 10%
In addition, in the composition of following embodiment, all ℃ to provide, " % " means " quality % " to all temperature.The distortion angle of used test box is 90 °.
Comparative Examples
Prepare a kind of liquid-crystal composition that does not contain the I compounds by the proportioning shown in the table 1, and measure its performance perameter as stated above, performance perameter also is shown in Table 1:
The proportioning of the liquid-crystal composition of table 1 Comparative Examples and performance perameter
Obviously, with the liquid-crystal composition comparison of embodiment 1, its threshold voltage is higher, and the time of response is longer.
Embodiment 1
Get composition I, II, IV, the V of following weight percent, and optically-active compound S811, the configuration liquid-crystal composition, concrete proportioning is as shown in table 2, and the character of the liquid-crystal composition of gained also sees Table 2:
The proportioning of the liquid-crystal composition of table 2 embodiment 1 and performance perameter
Embodiment 2
Get composition I, II, III, the IV of following weight percent, VI, and optically-active compound S2011, the configuration liquid-crystal composition, concrete proportioning is as shown in table 3, and the character of the liquid-crystal composition of gained also sees Table 3:
The proportioning of the liquid-crystal composition of table 3 embodiment 2 and performance perameter
Embodiment 3
Get composition I, II, III, IV, the V of following weight percent, VI, and optically-active compound R811, the configuration liquid-crystal composition, concrete proportioning is as shown in table 4, and the character of the liquid-crystal composition of gained also sees Table 4:
The proportioning of the liquid-crystal composition of table 4 embodiment 3 and performance perameter
Embodiment 4
Get composition I, II, III, IV, the V of following weight percent, VI, and optically-active compound R1011, the configuration liquid-crystal composition, concrete proportioning is as shown in table 5, and the character of the liquid-crystal composition of gained also sees Table 5:
The proportioning of the liquid-crystal composition of table 5 embodiment 4 and performance perameter
Obviously, the threshold voltage of the liquid-crystal composition among the embodiment 1-4 reduces greatly, and the time of response accelerates greatly; Compare with the liquid-crystal composition of Comparative Examples, have obvious improvement.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.