CN101661570A - Expert system for measurement of vacuum degree and life management of vacuum arc extinguish chamber and application method - Google Patents
Expert system for measurement of vacuum degree and life management of vacuum arc extinguish chamber and application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for vacuum degree measurement and life management of a vacuum arc extinguish chamber, which is based on an expert system in electric grid. The invention comprises anexpert system main module, a residual life predicating module and a life management module, a vacuum degree measurement device by a magnetic control method, and a vacuum degree measurement device by ashielding case potential method, wherein the expert system main module is respectively connected with the residual life predicating module and the life management module, and the vacuum degree measurement device by the magnetic control method and the vacuum degree measurement device by the shielding case potential method. The data measured on line by the vacuum degree measurement device by the magnetic control method and the vacuum degree measurement device by the shielding case potential method is provided to the expert system which provides results and outputs life management information based on a reliability knowledge base of the measured data. In the invention, the vacuum degree in the vacuum arc extinguish chamber can be measured in the power grid, and also the residual life can bepredicated and off-line monitoring can be realized so as to avoid the reduction of reliability coefficient of a powder system due to the access of on-line measurement equipment, thereby meeting the requirement of switch electrical applicance state examination, and realizing the intelligentizing of a vacuum switch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber and measure and life-span management expert system and using method, specifically is based on the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement of expert system and the method for life-span management in the electrical network.
Background technology
At present vacuum interrupter has reliable vacuum measurement method in process of production in the electrical network, so the product export parameter is believable, but the product of these measuring methods after can not being used to dispatch from the factory.The accurate measurement of final vacuum degree of dispatching from the factory is a problem always.The domestic and international researcher who comprises the applicant, all once be devoted to be installed in the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber Study of Monitoring in the switch cubicle, the method for measuring online arc-chutes vacuum tightness mainly contains impulse magnetron electric discharge, Bo Keer electric light transformation approach, radome potential method, discharging sound shooting method, bi-bellow method, cold cathode vacuum gauge method and transmitter current rate of decay method or the like.These methods can be divided into on-line monitoring and " on the net measure " two big classes: the first kind is an on-line monitoring, is exactly that measurement mechanism is in normally open, measures constantly and shows that measurement data, measurement mechanism are normally opens; Second class is to measure on the net, and being exactly does not need dismounting vacuum interrupter in the switch cubicle and can measure its vacuum tightness, and measurement mechanism is a normally off, and is less to the electric network reliability influence.What CN97241647.1 disclosed a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber exempts to dismantle measurement mechanism, main " C " shape iron core by the moulding of a kind of siliconized plate closed assembly, put the coil of coiling outside, place the clear space of vacuum interrupter one side, realize that purpose is measured in the dismounting of exempting from of arc-chutes vacuum tightness.CN200810123365.8 discloses a kind of on-line detection method for vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber, is full of SF in the arc-chutes outside
6Gas is as external insulation gas, and the helium that is mixed with 5～15% weight in the insulating gas outside detects vacuum tightness as indicating gas by the helium that detects in the vacuum tube, in case vacuum tube leaks, just can measure the existence of this gas in vacuum tube.In the paper " Application of fuzzy neural networks to vacuum level measuring " that applicant is delivered in the 6th fuzzy system in 2009 and Knowledge Discovery international conference, proposed to judge the method whether survey sensor lost efficacy based on fuzzy neural network.
The use of the online vacuum-degree monitoring system of the first kind even be not electrically connected with electrical network, has also increased the complexity coefficient of electric system, has reduced the reliability of electrical network, and therefore actual apply of various on-line monitoring methods in electrical network is restricted.Second class is measurement mechanism on the net, has lost the effect of monitoring again, lack after the measurement of vacuum to data build storehouse and analyzing and processing, more do not predict the function of residual life and life-span management.
Stipulate in the national standard that the life-span of dispatching from the factory of vacuum interrupter will guarantee 20 years, promptly vacuum tightness should not be inferior to 1.33 * 10 in 20 years
-2Pa.Vacuum tightness is inferior to 1.33 * 10
-2Pa promptly indicates the end in vacuum tightness life-span.Do not having the external world can not resist under the effect of factor, the variation of vacuum tightness has the rule of himself, and is to change gradual change amount very slowly.Therefore, we are based on the technology of the measurement of vacuum on the net of second class, by the software set certain time interval, automatically start measurement mechanism periodic measurement vacuum tightness, replace on-line measurement constantly, set up expert system then, analyze the variation tendency of the at interval interior vacuum tightness of different time, find out the distinctive Changing Pattern of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber, the residual life of prediction arc-chutes is set up life span management system.So both can drop to minimum to influence, can monitor the vacuum tightness state of vacuum interrupter again the operation of power networks reliability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber and measure and life-span management expert system and using method, can overcome the defective of prior art.It is to set up the complete expert system that comprises the software and hardware part, can realize not online monitoring, can not reduce the reliability of electric system again, can also increase the residual life management function of measurement data analysis-by-synthesis and vacuum interrupter, satisfy the needs of device for switching repair based on condition of component, realize the vacuum switch intellectuality.
Vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber provided by the invention is measured and the life-span management expert system comprises: expert system primary module, predicting residual useful life module and life-span management module, measurement mechanism; Measurement mechanism comprises magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment; The expert system primary module is connected with life-span management module, magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment with the predicting residual useful life module respectively.The data of magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and the on-line measurement of radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment offer expert system, the model result that expert system provides based on the confidence level knowledge base of measurement data, according to the confidence level of measurement data input/output module as a result, by reasoning operational module output life-span management information.
Described expert system primary module comprises: knowledge base, integrated data base, inference machine, man-machine interface, agency of interpretation and knowledge obtaining mechanism.
Because vacuum measurement, life prediction problem do not have algorithm to separate, need on out of true or uncertain or imperfect information are basic, carry out reasoning, draw a conclusion, therefore adopt expert system.Expert system is an important branch of artificial intelligence, it is a kind of intelligent program system that in association area, has the expert level throughput, experience and special knowledge that it can use the domain expert to accumulate for many years, the difficult problem that needs the expert to solve is found the solution in simulating human expert's thought process.
By the characteristic of expert system and the type of handling problem, can be divided into following 10 classes: explanation type; The diagnosis type; Forecasting type; Design mode; The planning type; Control type; Monitor-type; The maintenance type; The education type; The debugging type.This expert system has forecasting type and diagnosis type two aspect features concurrently.The vacuum interrupter predicting residual useful life is the forecasting type feature; The diagnosis of system hardware part operation irregularity belongs to diagnosis type feature.
This expert system comprises: knowledge base, integrated data base, inference machine, man-machine interface, agency of interpretation and six parts of knowledge obtaining mechanism.
(1) the knowledge base knowledge base is used for access and problem of management is found the solution the expertise and the experience of needs, but comprises fact line operate and rule etc.As the knowwhy relevant, common sense knowledge with field question; As judgement sex knowledge, the heuristic knowledge of expertise, the knowledge of the various facts is described, as the definition relevant, theorem and definite or uncertain inference rule etc. with this field.Knowledge base has only functions such as knowledge store, retrieval, editor, additions and deletions, modification and expansion.The ability of an expert system depends on the quality and quantity of contained knowledge in its knowledge base to a great extent.The construction of knowledge base comprises knowledge acquisition and knowledge representation.
Knowledge acquisition is divided by automaticity, and non-automatic knowledge acquisition and automatic two kinds of forms of knowledge acquisition are arranged.The problem that non-automatic knowledge acquisition will solve is how to obtain special knowledge there from the expert; Automatically knowledge acquisition relates to pattern-recognition and induction.
The core of the representation of knowledge is to select the accessible form of computing machine, and the expertise that expression is obtained is also deposited in people's knowledge base.This expert system mainly adopts first-order predicate logic representation and production representation method to carry out the representation of knowledge.It shows respectively, and form is:
The first-order predicate logic representation, (x, y): x is than y height for HIGHER.When having defined x is last time vacuum measurement value, and after y was this vacuum measurement value, the implication of this expression formula was exactly that this vacuum measurement value is lower than last time vacuum tightness value.
The production representation method, IF P THEN Q.Wherein P is a prerequisite, and Q is a conclusion.For example ought define P and represent that this vacuum measurement value is lower than last time vacuum tightness value, conclusion Q is then arranged: this measuring process is normal.
(2) the integrated data base integrated data base also claims total data storehouse, dynamic data base, working storage or is called for short database, and it is the set of symbol or data in the problem solving process, also is referred to as the fact sometimes.It is used for depositing the intermediate information (data) that required raw data and reasoning process produce, and comprises record of the middle hypothesis of raw information, reasoning and intermediate result, reasoning process etc.Therefore the fact in the database can and often change.
In this expert system, the real-time information in the process is sent into database by process interface unit (comprising hardware and software), increases and revise the content of database in real time.
(3) the inference machine inference machine is the organizational controls mechanism of expert system, under its control and management, whole expert system can logically be cooperated in harmony.It is under certain inference strategy, according to the current state of database,, call knowledge relevant in the knowledge base and analyze, judge and make a strategic decision with current problem according to the problem solving method of similar expert level, release the new fact or conclusion, perhaps carry out certain operation.The program of inference machine and the concrete structure of knowledge base and composition are irrelevant, and promptly inference machine and knowledge base are separated, and this is the principal character of this expert system.Its advantage is to the modification of knowledge base and expands and need not change inference machine.
System synthesis working knowledge method for expressing and pass-algorithm, matching algorithm and Strategy of Conflict Resolution.At any time adjust the strategy of reasoning according to the situation of the complexity of problem and problem solving.Inference machine can carry out reasoning and derive conclusion according to knowledge, rather than searches for ready-made answer simply.
(4) the agency of interpretation agency of interpretation is responsible for solution procedure is made an explanation and explained, answers the problem that the user proposes.The user is exported the result of reasoning.The work of agency of interpretation will be used the intermediate result of reasoning process in the database, middle hypothesis and record usually, and the knowledge in the knowledge base.The transparency of system depends mainly on the performance of agency of interpretation.In troubleshooting step, agency of interpretation becomes important output channel.
(5) the knowledge obtaining mechanism knowledge obtaining mechanism be responsible for setting up, the storehouse of revising and expand knowledge, and the consistance of knowledge base, integrality etc. are safeguarded.Knowledge obtaining mechanism has the knowledge transformation means, can be exchanged into the conversation content with the expert inside knowledge in the knowledge base, or in order to revise existing knowledge in the knowledge base.
Knowledge acquisition in the knowledge base has two kinds of approach: the one, and by the method acquisition of " artificial graft ", after promptly the deviser of this expert system puts expert's knowledge in order by analysis, with the accessible form input of computing machine knowledge base.Another kind of approach is to adopt method such as machine learning to obtain knowledge automatically.Specifically, knowledge obtaining mechanism to the feedback information of finding the solution, real-time detected procedural information and control result at every turn, is carried out the modification of knowledge base and perfect by the user automatically.And can in system's solution procedure, accumulate automatically, form some useful middle knowledge, be appended in the knowledge base automatically and go.Realize the self study of expert system.
(6) mainly be meant man-machine interface in the interface native system.Man-machine interface is that the information of user and system is transmitted tie, is responsible for the user and changes i.e. conversion between the computer-internal form of information and the people's acceptable form to expert system, expert system to user's bidirectional information.It makes between system and user and can engage in the dialogue.The user can import data, asks a question, and understands reasoning process and The reasoning results; System can require the user to answer a question by man-machine interface, carries out necessary explanation.In the native system, man-machine interface mainly is visual window.
In order to guarantee security of system stable operation, native system is set different user rights.Be provided with operator, guardian, administrator password.The expert system authority setting is a user class, supervisor level and superuser-level.Wherein, user class (operator) in the face of common operating personnel, is minimum authority only, can only make a strategic decision reasoning and general knowledge typing; Supervisor level (administrator) can be carried out the expertise typing in the face of the technology person (slip-stick artist) who enriches on-the-spot knowledge is arranged; Superuser-level (super) is the highest weight limit, and object is the design and the maintainer of expert system, can open all databases, and carries out additions and deletions and revise.
Expert system the core be knowledge base, integrated data base and inference machine.The design of an expert system mainly also is the problem that will solve this respect.
During magnetic control method measurement of vacuum, vacuum tightness and discharge current have single-valued relationship.
Described magnetic control method vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism mainly comprises: vacuum interrupter 1, draw back the specified distance of opening between two contacts, high-voltage power supply 5, field coil 6 and coil magnetization power supply 7: field coil 6 usefulness supports are fixed on the middle part of vacuum interrupter 1, two end faces of field coil 6 and vacuum interrupter 1 gap are about equally, the lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply 5 is received the upper end connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects the lower end connection terminal.
Described radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment mainly comprises vacuum interrupter, radome, probe, switch cubicle.Probe 3 usefulness special isolation supports are fixed, and are placed between vacuum interrupter 1 and switch cubicle 4 casings, connect the potential value output line and connect.In the radome potential method equivalent electrical circuit of Fig. 4 (b), C
1Be the equivalent capacity between intershield cover 2 and the contact conducting rod, C
2Be the equivalent capacity between intershield cover 2 and the measuring sonde, C
3Be the equivalent capacity between probe 3 and switch cubicle 4 casings, C
4Be coupling capacitance over the ground.
The using method of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement provided by the invention and life-span management and expert system:
1) when the vacuum switch annual test of operation in the electrical network (any place, all electric pressure), switch cubicle disconnects high-tension electricity, and the vacuum switch separating brake is opened upper and lower disconnector.Open door of switch cabinet.
2) installing and fixing the Sensor section in the magnetic control method vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism: field coil is fixed on the middle part of tested vacuum interrupter with special stand, makes vacuum interrupter roughly be positioned at the center of two coil end faces.The lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply is received quiet end (upper end) connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects moved end (lower end) connection terminal.
3) probe in the radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment is fixed with the special isolation support, be placed between vacuum interrupter and the switch cubicle casing, connect the potential value output line.
4) start expert system,, provide the measurement confidence level, draw the vacuum measurement value by expert system with two kinds of methods difference measurement of vacuum.Concrete steps:
(1) gets the concrete time of the vacuum tightness value of once surveying before the system, preceding one-shot measurement and interior during this period of time short circuit interruption number of times, calculate the theoretical value of current vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber.
(2) get the actual measured value of current vacuum tightness, contrast with theoretical value.If two differences in allowed band, are then assert current measured value, calculate the arc-chutes residual life according to this measured value, in residual life and vacuum tightness value record database, finish this time and measure;
(3) if measured value is better than calculated value and exceeds allowed band, again this measured value and preceding measured value contrast.If be inferior to last time measured value, then this calculated value of system's identification is correct; If be better than last time measured value, assert that this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system.
(4) if measured value is inferior to calculated value and exceeds allowed band, expert system is called in the vacuum measurement confidence value.If confidence level is normal, it is unusual to judge that then vacuum switch occurs, and the vacuum switch job record is checked in prompting, finds out reason; If confidence level is unusual, assert that then this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system.
The present invention is used for being installed in the vacuum interrupter of electrical network, does not belong to on-line monitoring.But can dismantle vacuum interrupter in the switch cubicle of electrical network, the data of measurement can be predicted the variation of vacuum tightness after handling through expert system, the prediction residual life.Under the control of expert system, two kinds of methods of use in conjunction are measured the vacuum tightness of online vacuum interrupter, and the application data integration technology solves the reliability disadvantages of vacuum measurement value.Again by air-breathing, the deflation characteristic of the various materials in vacuum interrupter gas leakage characteristic and the arc-chutes, discharge quantity during normal operation of consideration and the short circuit interruption large-current electric arc, set up dynamic vacuum tightness model, the variation of prediction vacuum tightness, inference machine by expert system is analyzed and revises with actual measurement vacuum tightness, and prediction vacuum interrupter residual life also carries out life-span management.
The invention provides a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber and measure and life-span management expert system and using method, can overcome the defective of prior art.It is to set up the complete expert system that comprises the software and hardware part, can realize not online monitoring, can not reduce the reliability of electric system again, can also increase the residual life management function of measurement data analysis-by-synthesis and vacuum interrupter, satisfy the needs of device for switching repair based on condition of component, realize the vacuum switch intellectuality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that one-piece construction of the present invention is formed synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is expert system primary module operating structure figure.
Fig. 3 is a vacuum measurement FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment and equivalent electrical circuit.
Fig. 5 is magnetic charging method vacuum degree measuring equipment figure.
Fig. 6 is expert system of the present invention and life-span management FB(flow block).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example technical scheme of the present invention is further specified.
As shown in Figure 1, with expert system primary module 101 be the system ensemble of comprising of core of soft, hardware.Expert system primary module 101 is connected with radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment 202 with magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment 201.Expert system primary module 101 also connects predicting residual useful life module 301 and life-span management module 302.
The composition of expert system primary module 101: main program module can be divided into: base module, integrated data library module, inference machine module, human-machine interface module, agency of interpretation module and knowledge obtaining mechanism module.Composition and connected mode and working procedure such as Fig. 2 institute are not.Be briefly described below:
The core of this expert system is knowledge base, integrated data base and inference machine.
The knowledge base of system is used for access and needed expertise of problem and experience are found the solution in management, but comprises fact line operate and rule etc.In the native system, obtaining of knowledge has non-automatic knowledge acquisition and automatic two kinds of forms of knowledge acquisition.
And the intermediate information (data) that produces in used raw data of system's reasoning and the reasoning process is kept at integrated data base.Therefore the fact in the integrated data base is often changing.
Inference machine is the organizational controls mechanism of expert system, under its control and management, whole expert system can logically be cooperated in harmony.Inference machine and knowledge base are separated, and this is the principal character of this expert system.Its advantage is to the modification of knowledge base and expands and need not change inference machine.
Various knowledge representation methods and pass-algorithm, matching algorithm and Strategy of Conflict Resolution in the inference machine integrated application knowledge base of system.At any time adjust the strategy of reasoning according to the situation of the complexity of problem and problem solving.Inference machine can carry out reasoning and derive conclusion according to knowledge, but not searches for ready-made answer simply.
Human-machine interface module is exactly the visualization window on the screen, and it carries out the program of agency of interpretation module settings, realizes expert system and people's dialogue.Knowledge obtaining mechanism is responsible for setting up, the storehouse of revising and expand knowledge, and the consistance of knowledge base, integrality etc. are safeguarded.
Vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism of the present invention is made up of magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment 201 and radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment 202, and as shown in Figure 3, measuring process is after expert system primary module 101 starts, and is undertaken by blas.Radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment 202 and magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment 201 are in different range sections, and the sensitivity difference is in advance through complementary design.The accuracy of two kinds of measurement mechanisms embodies by the confidence level parameter, is provided by expert system primary module 101.
Radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment 202 as shown in Figure 4.1 vacuum interrupter, 2 radomes, 3 probes, 4 switch cubicles, probe 3 usefulness special isolation supports are fixed, and are placed between vacuum interrupter 1 and switch cubicle 4 casings, connect the potential value output line.Among Fig. 4 (b), C
1Be the equivalent capacity between intershield cover 2 and the contact conducting rod, C
2Be the equivalent capacity between intershield cover 2 and the measuring sonde, C
3Be the equivalent capacity between probe 3 and switch cubicle 4 casings, C
4Be coupling capacitance over the ground.
Probe 3 usefulness special isolation supports are fixed, and are placed between vacuum interrupter 1 and switch cubicle 4 casings, connect the potential value output line.
Magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment 201 comprises, vacuum interrupter 1 (drawing back the specified distance of opening between two contacts), high-voltage power supply 5, field coil 6 and coil magnetization power supply 7: field coil 6 usefulness supports are fixed on the middle part of tested vacuum interrupter 1, two coil end faces and vacuum interrupter 1 gap are about equally, the lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply 5 is received the upper end connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects the lower end connection terminal.
The contact of vacuum interrupter is drawn back the specified distance of opening, between contact, apply the 8kV pulse voltage,, between the arc-chutes contact, apply the 0.2T transverse magnetic field simultaneously so that produce a highfield betwixt.
The interior gas of arc-chutes this moment forms self-maintained discharge.The indoor vacuum tightness of this discharge current and vacuum extinction has single-valued relationship.By measuring discharge current, be sent in the expert system, according to vacuum tightness-discharge current single-valued relationship, just can measure the vacuum tightness in the arc-chutes.
The using method of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement provided by the invention and life-span management expert system:
1) when the vacuum switch annual test of operation in the electrical network (any place, all electric pressure), switch cubicle disconnects high-tension electricity, and the vacuum switch separating brake is opened upper and lower disconnector.Open door of switch cabinet.
2) installing and fixing the Sensor section in the magnetic control method vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism: field coil is fixed on the middle part of tested vacuum interrupter with special stand, makes vacuum interrupter roughly be positioned at the center of two coil end faces.The lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply is received static conductive rod (upper end) connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects moving conductive rod (lower end) connection terminal.
3) probe in the radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment is fixed with the special isolation support, be placed between vacuum interrupter and the switch cubicle casing, connect the potential value output line.
4) start expert system,, provide the measurement confidence level, draw the vacuum measurement value by expert system with two kinds of methods difference measurement of vacuum.Concrete steps:
(1) gets the concrete time of the vacuum tightness value of once surveying before the system, preceding one-shot measurement and interior during this period of time short circuit interruption number of times, calculate the theoretical value of current vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber.
(2) get the actual measured value of current vacuum tightness, contrast with theoretical value.If two differences in allowed band, are then assert current measured value, calculate the arc-chutes residual life according to this measured value, in residual life and vacuum tightness value record database, finish this time and measure;
(3) if measured value is better than calculated value and exceeds allowed band, again this measured value and preceding measured value contrast.If be inferior to last time measured value, then this calculated value of system's identification is correct; If be better than last time measured value, assert that this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system.
(4) if measured value is inferior to calculated value and exceeds allowed band, expert system is called in the vacuum measurement confidence value.If confidence level is normal, it is unusual to judge that then vacuum switch occurs, and the vacuum switch job record is checked in prompting, finds out reason; If confidence level is unusual, assert that then this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system.
Radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment 202 and magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment 201 sensitivity difference in different range sections are more than or equal to 10
-3The Pa order of magnitude, radome potential method confidence level is higher; Less than 10
-3Pa order of magnitude range section, the magnetic control method is with a high credibility, in advance through complementary design.The confidence level criterion is considered three aspects: 1. each method is in different range sections, and the accuracy difference by the decision of method self character, gropes to draw through experiments of measuring, deposits expert system knowledge base in; 2. the calculated value with expert system contrasts.3. the fluctuation of considering the equipment working state parameter changes (as the magnetic excitation coil electric current of magnetic control method, the magnitude of voltage of high-voltage power supply).
Application Example
The place, on this laboratory switch cubicle, conditions environmental, room temperature.
Product type is the vacuum interrupter of ZKTD3150/10-40, and by above-mentioned use step operation, result data is as follows:
Vacuum measurement overall process data
Life prediction management overall process data
| The vacuum tightness of dispatching from the factory value (Pa) | ??1×10 -5 |
| Before once survey vacuum tightness (Pa) | ??5×10 -5 |
| The time interval (year) | ??1 |
| Current vacuum tightness theory refers to (Pa) | ??2×10 -4 |
| Current vacuum tightness measured value (Pa) | ??5×10 -4 |
| Residual life (year) | ??16 |
Claims (6)
1, a kind of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber is measured and the life-span management expert system, it is characterized in that it comprises: expert system primary module, predicting residual useful life module and life-span management module, measurement mechanism; Measurement mechanism comprises magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment; The expert system primary module is connected with life-span management module, magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment with the predicting residual useful life module respectively; The data of magnetic control method vacuum degree measuring equipment and the on-line measurement of radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment offer expert system, the model result that expert system provides based on the confidence level knowledge base of measurement data, according to the confidence level of measurement data input/output module as a result, by reasoning operational module output life-span management information.
2, vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber according to claim 1 is measured and the life-span management expert system, it is characterized in that described expert system primary module comprises: knowledge base, integrated data base, inference machine, man-machine interface, agency of interpretation and knowledge obtaining mechanism;
Described expert system has forecasting type and diagnosis type two aspect features concurrently, and the vacuum interrupter predicting residual useful life is the forecasting type feature; The diagnosis of system hardware part operation irregularity belongs to diagnosis type feature:
1) the knowledge base knowledge base is built and to be comprised knowledge acquisition and knowledge representation, adopts first-order predicate logic representation and production representation method to carry out the representation of knowledge, and it shows respectively that form is:
The first-order predicate logic representation, and HIGHER (x, y): x is than y height; When having defined x is last time vacuum measurement value, and after y was this vacuum measurement value, the implication of this expression formula was exactly that this vacuum measurement value is lower than last time vacuum tightness value; Or
The production representation method, IF P THEN Q, wherein P is a prerequisite, and Q is a conclusion, represents that when having defined P this vacuum measurement value is lower than last time vacuum tightness value, and conclusion Q is then arranged, and this measuring process is normal;
2) integrated data base is in expert system, and the real-time information in the process is sent into database by process interface unit (comprising hardware and software), increases and revise the content of database in real time.
3) the inference machine inference machine is the organizational controls mechanism of expert system, inference machine and knowledge base are to be separated, expert system integrated application knowledge representation method and pass-algorithm, matching algorithm and Strategy of Conflict Resolution, at any time adjust the strategy of reasoning according to the situation of the complexity of problem and problem solving, inference machine can carry out reasoning and derive conclusion according to knowledge;
4) the agency of interpretation agency of interpretation is responsible for solution procedure is made an explanation and explained, answer the problem that the user proposes, the user is exported the result of reasoning, the work of agency of interpretation will be used the intermediate result of reasoning process in the database, middle hypothesis and record usually, and the knowledge in the knowledge base, in troubleshooting step, agency of interpretation becomes important output channel;
5) knowledge acquisition in the knowledge obtaining mechanism knowledge base has two kinds of approach: a kind of approach is the method acquisition by " manual input ", after soon expert's knowledge will be put in order by analysis, with the accessible form input of computing machine knowledge base; Another kind of approach, be to adopt method such as machine learning to obtain knowledge automatically, specifically, knowledge obtaining mechanism by the user to the feedback information of finding the solution, real-time detected procedural information and control result at every turn, automatically carry out the modification of knowledge base and perfect, and can accumulation automatically in system's solution procedure, some useful middle knowledge formed, automatically be appended in the knowledge base and go, realize the self study of expert system.
6) the interface man-machine interface is the information transmission tie of user and system, being responsible for the user changes to user's bidirectional information to expert system, expert system, be the computer-internal form of information and the conversion between people's acceptable form, it makes between system and user and can engage in the dialogue, the user can import data, ask a question, understand reasoning process and The reasoning results; System requires the user to answer a question by man-machine interface, carries out necessary explanation, uses visual window to finish the human interface function.
3, vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber according to claim 1 is measured and the life-span management expert system, it is characterized in that different user rights is set, and is provided with operator, guardian, administrator password; The expert system authority setting is a user class, supervisor level and superuser-level; Wherein, user class in the face of common operating personnel, is minimum authority only, can only make a strategic decision reasoning and general knowledge typing; Supervisor level is in the face of there being the technology person who enriches on-the-spot knowledge can carry out the expertise typing; Superuser-level is the highest weight limit, and object is the design and the maintainer of expert system, can open all databases, and carries out additions and deletions and revise.
4, vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber according to claim 1 is measured and the life-span management expert system, it is characterized in that described magnetic control method vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism mainly comprises: vacuum interrupter, draw back the specified distance of opening between two contacts, high-voltage power supply, field coil and coil magnetization power supply, field coil is fixed on the middle part of vacuum interrupter with support, two end faces of field coil equate with the vacuum interrupter gap, the lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply is received the upper end connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects the lower end connection terminal.
5, vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber according to claim 1 is measured and the life-span management expert system, it is characterized in that described radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment mainly comprises vacuum interrupter, radome, probe, switch cubicle and equivalent electrical circuit; Probe is fixed with insulating support, is placed between vacuum interrupter and the switch cubicle casing, connects the potential value output line and connects; Between radome and the contact conducting rod equivalent capacity C is arranged
1, equivalent capacity C is arranged between radome and the measuring sonde
2, between probe and the switch cubicle casing equivalent capacity C is arranged
3, C
4Be coupling capacitance over the ground.
6, the using method of described vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement of claim 1 and life-span management expert system is characterized in that the step that comprises:
1) when the vacuum switch annual test of operation in the electrical network (any place, all electric pressure), switch cubicle disconnects high-tension electricity, and the vacuum switch separating brake is opened upper and lower disconnector, opens door of switch cabinet;
2) installing and fixing the Sensor section in the magnetic control method vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber measurement mechanism: field coil is fixed on the middle part of tested vacuum interrupter with special stand, makes vacuum interrupter roughly be positioned at the center of two coil end faces.The lead-in wire of high-voltage power supply is received static conductive rod (upper end) connection terminal of vacuum interrupter, and the discharge current signal wire connects moving conductive rod (lower end) connection terminal;
3) probe in the radome potential method vacuum degree measuring equipment is fixed with the special isolation support, be placed between vacuum interrupter and the switch cubicle casing, connect the potential value output line;
4) start expert system,, provide the measurement confidence level, draw the vacuum measurement value, concrete steps by expert system with two kinds of methods difference measurement of vacuum:
(1) gets the concrete time of the vacuum tightness value of once surveying before the system, preceding one-shot measurement and interior during this period of time short circuit interruption number of times, calculate the theoretical value of current vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber;
(2) get the actual measured value of current vacuum tightness, contrast with theoretical value.If two differences in allowed band, are then assert current measured value, calculate the arc-chutes residual life according to this measured value, in residual life and vacuum tightness value record database, finish this time and measure;
(3) if measured value is better than calculated value and exceeds allowed band, again this measured value and preceding measured value contrast.If be inferior to last time measured value, then this calculated value of system's identification is correct; If be better than last time measured value, assert that this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system;
(4) if measured value is inferior to calculated value and exceeds allowed band, expert system is called in the vacuum measurement confidence value, if confidence level is normal, it is unusual to judge that then vacuum switch occurs, and the vacuum switch job record is checked in prompting, finds out reason; If confidence level is unusual, assert that then this measurement is invalid, the prompting check system.
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