CN101661082B - Method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator - Google Patents
Method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101661082B CN101661082B CN 200810042101 CN200810042101A CN101661082B CN 101661082 B CN101661082 B CN 101661082B CN 200810042101 CN200810042101 CN 200810042101 CN 200810042101 A CN200810042101 A CN 200810042101A CN 101661082 B CN101661082 B CN 101661082B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring a power angle, which is suitable for a synchronous generator. The synchronous generator is provided with a voltage transformer, and a secondary side of the voltage transformer outputs a generator terminal voltage signal. The method for measuring the power angle of the synchronous generator comprises the following steps: synchronizing a position signal with the commercial power to obtain a synchronizing signal which has the same frequency as commercial frequency and keeps a fixed phase difference value with the commercial frequency; and performing phase comparison on the synchronizing signal and the generator terminal voltage signal.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of method for measuring power angle, and particularly a kind of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator.
Background technology
Continuous development along with electric system; The transmission line of electricity electric pressure is increasingly high, and transmission distance is more and more longer, thereby the electric capacity that reaches between line over the ground strengthens; The distribution network that in addition has has used cable line, thereby has caused the increase of electric system capacitance current and capacitive reactive power.Meet and to load night or festivals or holidays when at a low ebb, the reactive power that circuit produced is superfluous, and superfluous reactive power can make the voltage of electric system raise, even surpasses the setting that allows, and seriously has influence on the quality of power supply and device security.Therefore, absorb the reactive power in the electrical network, reduce the task of top priority that higher line voltage has just become electrical network.And with the generator leading phase operation be exactly regulating system voltage most economical, effectively, one of measure easily.
The merit angle is the important symbol of stable operation of reaction machine and stable operation surplus, and the phase differential between the terminal voltage vector sum excitation magnetic potential is represented at the merit angle in time, spatially shows as angle between resultant magnetic field axis and the rotor field axis.During the generator leading phase operation, for preventing the generator unstability and observe its stable remaining that the supervision of generator's power and angle is necessary, simultaneously, also can reliable basis be provided for the low safety depth of encouraging restriction of excitation system.In addition, for the supervision of power system safety and stability operation, the measurement at generator system merit angle also is indispensable.
Traditional method for measuring power angle one is to utilize computing formula,
X wherein
dBe the synchronous reactance of generator, δ is the phase place angle (power angle or the merit angle that are called generator) between induced potential and terminal voltage U, and P is an active power; Q is a reactive power; Gather meritorious, the idle and set end voltage of generator, the input computing formula provides generator's power and angle.Method two is to utilize the generator speed signal to carry out frequency division to be processed into a pulse, compares with set end voltage, obtains a relative electrical angle as monitoring value.Because generator X in the computing formula
dBe to advance the different values that change of phase operating mode with generator, test is difficult to obtain exact value, and the Gu Gongjiao value generally has the above error of 3 degree; And utilize the merit angle that rotating speed measures because be relative value, the phase controlling value is difficult to be confirmed as advancing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator, to solve the disappearance of conventional art.
The present invention proposes a kind of method for measuring power angle, is applicable to synchronous generator, and synchronous generator is equipped with voltage transformer (VT), above-mentioned voltage transformer secondary side output generator voltage signal.
Method for measuring power angle comprises the following step: acquisition rotating shaft position signal; Synchronous above-mentioned position signalling and civil power obtain that a frequency equates with mains frequency and keep the synchronizing signal of fixing phase difference value with civil power; And above-mentioned synchronizing signal of phase bit comparison and above-mentioned generator voltage signal.
In sum; Measuring power angle device of the present invention is compared with classic method; Be directly to utilize key phase measuring unit or photoelectric signal converter directly to obtain the rotating shaft position signal, obtain real generator's power and angle, measuring accuracy is high; Convenient as unit leading phase operation controlling value or protection value, can prevent that generator from advancing phase time step-out irregular operation.
Feature and advantage of the present invention are clearer to be understood in order to let, and the present invention's special act specific embodiment and conjunction with figs. explanation are as follows.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of directly measuring the merit angle for the present invention shown in Figure 1.
Shown in Figure 2 is the process flow diagram of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator according to an embodiment of the invention.
Shown in Figure 3 is the device synoptic diagram of using the method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator of one embodiment of the invention.
Shown in Figure 4 is the process flow diagram of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in Figure 5 is the device synoptic diagram of using the method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The schematic diagram of directly measuring the merit angle for the present invention shown in Figure 1.
The assumes synchronization generator is three-phase two utmost point formulas, and a stator winding, a field copper are arranged.Suppose that stator winding three is symmetrical, magnetic flux distributes by sinusoidal rule in the air gap, ignores magnetically saturated influence, and synchronous motor magnetic field is converted into d, q shaft space vector plot.
Please refer to Fig. 1, merit angle δ is the induced potential E of generator
0And the time-phase angle between the terminal voltage U.In rotating shaft, confirm a fixed position, as q ' (with the phase angle of q axle be β), then q ' can represent E indirectly
0Direction, E
0And between q ' phase angle difference is δ
0=90 °+β (δ 0 is the zero-bit phase angle difference).Fixed position q ' in the rotating shaft is converted into electric signal, records the phase angle difference δ of fixed position q ' and generator voltage U
∑=δ
0+ δ is according to the δ that has confirmed
0, just can obtain the merit angle δ of generator.
Shown in Figure 2 is the process flow diagram of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator according to an embodiment of the invention.Shown in Figure 3ly be measuring power angle of synchronous generator schematic representation of apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Synchronous generator is a turbodynamo 2 in the present embodiment, and synchronous generator can be the synchronous generator of other types in other embodiments, and the present invention does not add restriction to this.
Please refer to Fig. 3, turbodynamo is equipped with voltage transformer (VT) 2, voltage transformer (VT) 21 secondary sides output turbodynamo terminal voltage signal.Turbodynamo measuring power angle device 1 comprises key phase measuring unit 11, phase-locked loop 12, and phase comparator 13.Phase-locked loop 12 is electrically connected at key phase measuring unit 11, and phase comparator 13 is electrically connected at the secondary side of phase-locked loop 12 and voltage transformer (VT) 21.
Please be simultaneously referring to figs. 2 and 3, at first in step S101, terminal voltage signal to the phase comparator 13 of the secondary side of voltage transformer (VT) 21 output turbodynamo.
In step S103, the position signalling of key phase measuring unit 11 acquisition rotating shafts.Key phase measuring unit 11 comprises through a groove or protruding key, probe and sensor are set in rotating shaft.When this groove or protruding key forward probe installation location to; Be equivalent to probe and tested surface spacing sudden change or have reflectively, sensor can produce a pulse signal, and axle whenever turns around; Will produce a pulse signal, the clear rotating shaft of the timetable of generation is in the position of revolution in the cycle.
In step S105, phase-locked loop 12 receives the pulse signal of key phase measuring units 11 outputs, and exports the synchronizing signal of the identical and phase difference value that keep fixing with civil power (for example, frequency is 50Hz) of the frequency of a frequency and civil power.
Among the step S107, phase comparator 13 is electrically connected at the secondary side of phase-locked loop 12 and voltage transformer (VT) 21.The synchronizing signal and the generator voltage signal of 12 outputs of phase comparator 13 phase bit comparison phase-locked loops obtain an electrical angle.
Under the no-load running state, the angle between measuring position signal and induced potential E0 is as merit angle zero-bit before turbodynamo is incorporated into the power networks.The electrical angle that phase comparator 13 is obtained deducts merit angle zero-bit, promptly obtains the real-time merit angle of turbodynamo leading phase operation.
Shown in Figure 4 is the process flow diagram of method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Figure 5 is the device synoptic diagram of using the method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator of another embodiment of the present invention.
Synchronous generator is a hydrogenerator 4 in the present embodiment, and synchronous generator can be the synchronous generator of other types among other embodiment again, and the present invention does not add restriction to this.
Please refer to Fig. 5, measuring power angle of synchronous generator device 3 is applicable to hydrogenerator 4.Hydrogenerator 4 is equipped with voltage transformer (VT) 41, voltage transformer (VT) 41 secondary sides output generator voltage signal.Hydrogenerator measuring power angle device 3 comprises photoelectric signal converter 31, phase-locked loop 32, and phase comparator 33.Phase-locked loop 32 is electrically connected at photoelectric signal converter 31, and phase comparator 33 is electrically connected at phase-locked loop 32 and voltage transformer (VT) 41 secondary sides.
Please be simultaneously with reference to figure 4 and Fig. 5, at first in step S101, the secondary side of voltage transformer (VT) 21 is exported terminal voltage signal to the phase comparator 33 of turbodynamo.
In step S303, the position signalling of photoelectric signal converter 31 acquisition rotating shafts.Photoelectric signal converter 31 can obtain the position signalling of rotating shaft through in the rotating shaft of hydrogenerator 4, coating reflectorised paint or reflective sheeting.
In step S305, phase-locked loop 32 receives the position signalling of key phase measuring units 31 outputs, and exports the synchronizing signal of the identical and phase difference value that keep fixing with civil power (for example, frequency is 50Hz) of the frequency of a frequency and civil power.
Among the step S307, the synchronizing signal of phase comparator 33 phase bit comparison phase-locked loops 32 outputs and the terminal voltage signal of hydrogenerator 4 obtain an electrical angle.
Under the no-load running state, the angle between measuring position signal and induced potential E0 is as merit angle zero-bit before hydrogenerator 4 is incorporated into the power networks.The electrical angle that phase comparator 33 is obtained deducts merit angle zero-bit, promptly obtains the real-time merit angle of hydrogenerator leading phase operation.
In sum; Measuring power angle device of the present invention is compared with classic method; Be directly to utilize key phase measuring unit or photoelectric signal converter directly to obtain the rotating shaft position signal, obtain real generator's power and angle, measuring accuracy is high; Convenient as unit leading phase operation controlling value or protection value, can prevent that generator from advancing phase time step-out irregular operation.
Though the present invention discloses as above with concrete preferred embodiment; Right its is not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly has the knack of this art, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; Still can do a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking claims person of defining.
Claims (3)
1. a method for measuring power angle is applicable to synchronous generator, and synchronous generator is equipped with voltage transformer (VT), and above-mentioned voltage transformer secondary side output generator voltage signal U is characterized in that above-mentioned method for measuring power angle comprises the following step:
Directly utilize the position signalling q ' of key phase measuring unit or photoelectric signal converter acquisition rotating shaft, this position signalling q ' is β with the phase angle of the q between centers of rotating shaft;
Synchronous above-mentioned position signalling q ' and civil power, it is identical with mains frequency and keep the synchronizing signal of fixing phase difference value with civil power to obtain frequency;
Above-mentioned synchronizing signal of phase bit comparison and above-mentioned generator voltage signal U obtain the phase angle difference δ of above-mentioned synchronizing signal and above-mentioned generator voltage signal U
∑=δ
0+ δ; And
With this phase angle difference δ
∑Deduct merit angle zero-bit δ
0, obtain the real-time merit angle δ of generator leading phase operation, wherein this merit angle zero-bit δ
0Be meant above-mentioned position signalling q ' and induced potential E measured when generator no-load running
0Between angle, this merit angle zero-bit δ
0=90 °+β angle.
2. measuring power angle device according to claim 1, the step of wherein above-mentioned synchronous above-mentioned position signalling and civil power is for utilizing synchronous above-mentioned position signalling of phase-locked loop and civil power.
3. measuring power angle device according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of above-mentioned civil power is 50 hertz.
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| CN 200810042101 CN101661082B (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2008-08-27 | Method for measuring power angle of synchronous generator |
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| CN102055441B (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2014-02-12 | 中电普瑞科技有限公司 | Input signal filtering and shaping circuit of power-angle measuring device |
| CN103941188B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-10-19 | 中山职业技术学院 | A kind of synchronization detection of loss of mains circuit based on CD4017 |
| CN106645950B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-05-28 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power angle of synchronous generator method for real-time measurement and device |
| CN106646229B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-06-26 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Real-time power angle measuring method for generator |
| CN106655932B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-11-22 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Overseas minor scale power net project generator depth encourages method for limiting into phase pair is low |
| CN110808699B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-07-06 | 合肥市睿电电气技术咨询服务有限责任公司 | Method for realizing low excitation limit of excitation regulator |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER CORP. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: EAST CHINA ELECTRIC POWER TEST + RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO., LTD. Effective date: 20130808 Owner name: EAST CHINA ELECTRIC POWER TEST + RESEARCH INSTITUT Effective date: 20130808 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130808 Address after: 200122 Shanghai City, Pudong New Area source deep road, No. 1122 Patentee after: Shanghai Electric Power Corporation Patentee after: East China Electric Power Test & Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 200437 Handan Road, Shanghai, No. 171, No. Patentee before: East China Electric Power Test & Research Institute Co., Ltd. |