CN101660020A - Manufacturing method of steel - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101660020A CN101660020A CN200910176702A CN200910176702A CN101660020A CN 101660020 A CN101660020 A CN 101660020A CN 200910176702 A CN200910176702 A CN 200910176702A CN 200910176702 A CN200910176702 A CN 200910176702A CN 101660020 A CN101660020 A CN 101660020A
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Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method of steel, comprising the following steps: smelting the molten steel to ensure that the content of P in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.035%, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.015% and the content of V is less than or equal to 0.15%; then adding Cu element and Ni element to the molten steel to ensure that the content of Cu in the molten steel is 0.20-0.60% and the content of Ni is 0.15-0.55%; tapping to a steel ladle when the content of C in the molten steel is below 0.05%; adding physical mixture of lime and fluorite and predeoxidizing agent to the steel ladle in the tapping process to ensure that the content of S in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.012%; adding Cr element, Si element and Mn element to the molten steel to ensure that the content of Si in the molten steel is 0.25-0.60%, the content of Mn is 0.80-1.60% and the content of Cr is 0.20-0.80%; feeding Al simple substance to the molten steel to carry out final deoxidation; heating the molten steel in the condition of argon blowing to lead the steel slag to melt; then adding Al simple substance to the steel ladle to ensure that the content of S in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.010%; and then adding C element to the molten steel to ensure that the content of C in the molten steel is 0.08-0.16%; feeding Al simple substance and alloy containing Ti, V and N to the molten steel to control that the content of acid-soluble aluminium in the molten steel is 0.025-0.040%, the content of Ti is 0.005-0.015%, the content of V is 0.08-0.15% and the content of N is 0.010-0.020%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ferrous metallurgy field, particularly a kind of production method of steel.
Background technology
CN1793404A discloses the technology of a kind of employing " converter smelting molten steel → liquid steel refining → continuous casting steel machine → section rolling " and has come production yield strength (R
EL) be not less than 450MPa, tensile strength (R
m) be not less than 550MPa ,-40 ℃ of low-temperature impacts absorb merit (Ak
v) be not less than 24J rail freight with the method for high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel.This method adopts 5 steps to produce high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel, be that the first step is the converter smelting molten steel, second step was ladle pre-deoxidation and preliminary alloying, the 3rd step was the liquid steel refining and the final alloying of LF stove and RH stove, the 4th step was casting, the 5th step adopted this method can produce qualified high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel fully for section rolling.But this method needs to feed calcium line (seeing capable and specification sheets page 5 the 5th row of specification sheets page 4 26-27) in the 3rd step, and feed quantity is steel 0.1～0.3kg per ton.But feeding calcium line nodularization sulfide inclusion reduces the inclusion rating level, and condition is that calcium line can feed molten steel effectively.But in actual production,, can only feed on slag, lose the effect of feeding calcium line because the very easy cooling crust of ladle slag particularly after the RH vacuum-treat, makes calcium line can not effectively feed molten steel.Operate by the suitable ladle that shakes, can make the slag fusing, and then the calcium line on fusible slag surface, but this moment calcium line easily and the oxygen generation vigorous reaction in the atmosphere, make the molten steel generation intensive in the ladle stir phenomenon, this stirs at first extremely harmful to equipment and operative employee's safety, secondly is the oxygen uptake phenomenon that has promoted molten steel, severe contamination molten steel on the contrary, the result can not reach the purpose of feeding calcium line.According to producing statistics, there is 10～20% production heat that above-mentioned phenomenon can take place approximately.
CN1793395A provide a kind of V/N by the control steel than and the method for titanium content come the method for the grain fineness number of refinement atmospheric corrosion resistance, fire-resistant and weather-resistant steel, this method has reached more than the 450MPa yield strength of such steel, and the low-temperature impact-resistant performance of steel is good.Usually under " converter smelting → continuous casting steel machine " technical process condition, use the method for CN1793395A, can be in the converter tapping process add the content that the iron alloy (for example adding alloys such as FeTi, VN) that contains Ti, V and N is controlled Ti, V and N to ladle, very easy with regard to may command Ti 0.005～0.015%, V 0.08～0.15%, N is in 0.010～0.020% scope.Problem is that " converter smelting → continuous casting steel machine " technical process can not better controlled molten steel pouring temperature, the temperature control point of this flow process is the tapping temperature of converter, also to add a large amount of iron alloys after converter smelting is intact and partly cover tank material, the affiliation that adds of these materials produces the very big temperature range of decrease (being generally 50～100 ℃), and the fluctuation of the temperature range of decrease is very big, make that the pouring temperature fluctuation between stove and the stove is also big, be unfavorable for the continuous casting of molten steel and improve the inside and the surface quality of strand, so most of steel mill generally adopts " converter smelting → LF stove → continuous casting steel machine " technology generations for " converter smelting → continuous casting steel machine " technology.
But, implement the method for CN1793395A with the technical process of " converter smelting → LF stove → continuous casting steel machine ", the adding of Ti, V and N element has just seemed the comparison difficulty, reason is that the avidity of V and Ti element and oxygen is big, N is an elemental gas, in the converter tapping process to ladle add contain the alloy of above-mentioned element after, invar liquid also will pass through the heating of electrically heated (LF stove) operation, Ti and V element form N owing to long heated and stirred effect in the LF stove also can cause the dissolving N in the molten steel in addition easily by scaling loss
2Molecule overflows from molten steel, and these all are the factors that recovery rate is low and fluctuation is also big that make Ti, V and N element, thereby has increased the enforcement difficulty of the method for CN1793395A.Carry out alloying if add the alloy that contains above-mentioned element in furnaceman's LF preface, also relatively more difficult, reason is that the slag blanket that the alloy that adds must at first pass above the molten steel could arrive molten steel, with the strong alloying element of oxygen affinity certain burning phenomenon is arranged in passing the process of slag blanket.In addition, the alloying of V and N element adds VN alloy (V content 78% in employing, when method N content 12%) realizes, because the bulk density of VN alloy is about 3.4, proportion less than molten steel 6.8, make that the VN alloy that adds is to be present on the interface of molten steel and slag, at this moment the N element also is difficult to be absorbed by molten steel, forms N mostly
2Molecule overflows, and can not guarantee that the recovery rate of N element is stable.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production method of steel, this method is not fed calcium to molten steel and is handled.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of production method of steel, and this method can improve the recovery rate of V, Ti and N and can guarantee that the recovery rate of V, Ti and N is stable.
A further object of the present invention provides the method that a kind of production has the atmosphere corrosion resistance structural steel of good low temperature impact property, the yield strength (R of the shaped steel of being produced by this method
EL) and impact absorbing energy (40 ℃ of Ak
v) can reach 450MPa respectively and more than the 24J.
Production method according to steel of the present invention may further comprise the steps: (a) smelt molten steel, make P content≤0.035% of molten steel, S content≤0.015%, V content≤0.15%, add Cu element and Ni element to molten steel then, the Cu content that makes molten steel is 0.20～0.60%, and Ni content is 0.15～0.55%; (b) when the C of molten steel content 0.05% when following, tap to ladle; (c) in the process of tapping, in ladle, add the physical mixture and the pre-deoxidant of lime and fluorite, make S content≤0.012% of molten steel; (d) add Cr element, Si element, Mn element to molten steel, the Si content that makes molten steel is 0.25～0.60%, and Mn content is 0.80～1.60%, and Cr content is 0.20～0.80%; (e) to molten steel feeding Al simple substance, carry out final deoxygenation; (f) the heating molten steel makes the slag fusing under the condition of Argon, adds Al simple substance to ladle afterwards, makes S content≤0.010% of molten steel, adds the C element to molten steel then, and the C content that makes molten steel is 0.08～0.16%; (g) alloy that feeds Al simple substance and contain Ti, V and N to molten steel, the content of the sour molten aluminium of control molten steel is 0.025～0.040%, Ti content is 0.005～0.015%, V content is 0.08～0.15%, N content is 0.010～0.020%, and the content of above-mentioned each element is weight percent content in the steel.
Can reach 1/3 or more in the ratio of tap and total tap and less than 2/3 o'clock, beginning was to the physical mixture and the pre-deoxidant of ladle adding lime and fluorite.
Can total tap of tapping 2/3 before or the physical mixture that added lime and fluorite at 2/3 o'clock, pre-deoxidant, Cr element, Si element, the Mn element of total tap of tapping.
Total add-on of the physical mixture of lime and fluorite can be (tonnages of 7.4～8.5kg) * total tap, in this physical mixture the weight ratio of lime and fluorite can be 8: 2～9: 1.
The add-on of pre-deoxidant is being as the criterion below 0.0050% with the free oxygen level of control molten steel.
Pre-deoxidant can be that the Al weight content is 40% ferro-aluminum, and total add-on of ferro-aluminum can be the (tonnage of 2.0～3.0kg) * total tap.
The step of final deoxygenation can comprise: if the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel, is then pressed the amount of steel 0.60～0.50kg per ton below 0.03% with aluminium simple substance feeding molten steel; If the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel is greater than 0.03% and be no more than 0.04%, then the amount by steel 0.50～0.45kg per ton feeds molten steel with aluminium simple substance; If the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel is greater than 0.04% and be no more than 0.05%, then the amount by steel 0.45～0.35kg per ton feeds molten steel with aluminium simple substance.
The Al simple substance that uses in the step (e) can be the Al line, can be the Al line feeding molten steel of 8～10mm with diameter with the speed that is not less than 8m/s.
Step (f) also can comprise: after adding Al simple substance, add Si element, Mn element to molten steel.
Step (g) can comprise: the heating molten steel, and when reaching 1600～1640 ℃, molten steel temperature stops heating, to molten steel feeding Al line, and contain the alloy of Ti, V and N with the form feeding of alloy claded wire as Al simple substance.
The diameter of alloy claded wire can be 8～10mm, and the feeding speed of alloy claded wire can be not less than 4m/s.
Also can comprise the step of continuous casting according to the production method of steel of the present invention, the bag temperature is 1530 ℃～1555 ℃ in the control continuous caster in casting process.
The step that also can comprise section rolling according to the production method of steel of the present invention.Can after being heated to 1100～1300 ℃, be incubated 1.5～2.0 hours under this temperature with the speed heating strand of 8～14 ℃/min in process furnace, rolling then, finishing temperature is controlled at 700～900 ℃, can adopt the air cooling mode to cool off after rolling.
Production method according to steel of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the calcium treatment process is fed in cancellation, can avoid rocking the ladle operation and the molten steel that causes seethes phenomenon (because the ladle slag crust, having to take to rock the operation measure of ladle when feeding calcium line) strongly, helps the safety of operative employee and production unit;
2, adopt the alloy claded wire that contains Ti, V and N to carry out the alloying of Ti, V and N, recovery rate is improved and is stable;
3, the performance of the shaped steel of being produced all reaches requirement, and this shaped steel has the low-temperature impact-resistant performance.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other objects of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the Z-shape steel of the method according to this invention production.
Embodiment
In accordance with the present production process the steel of Sheng Chaning comprise 0.08～0.16% C, 0.25～0.60% Si, 0.80～1.60% Mn, 0.20～0.60% Cu, 0.15～0.55% Ni, 0.20～0.80% Cr by weight percentage, be no more than 0.035% P, be no more than 0.010% S, 0.08～0.15% V, 0.010～0.020% N, 0.005～0.015% Ti and 0.025～0.040% sour molten aluminium (Als), surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.The content of all components that relates in this manual, is weight percent content.
C is by increasing the intensity that steel Medium pearlite quantity improves steel, Si, Mn are solid-solubilized in the steel can improve intensity equally significantly, but increase along with C, Si, Mn component in the steel, the toughness and the weldability of steel descend thereupon, and preferably C content is 0.08～0.16%, Si content is 0.25～0.60%, Mn content is 0.80～1.60%.Cu, Ni and Cr element can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance ability of steel, but these elements also can reduce the toughness and the weldability of steel, so Cu content is 0.20～0.60%, Ni content is 0.15～0.55%, Cr content is 0.20～0.80%.P also can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance ability of steel, but P can improve the low temperature brittleness transition temperature again, is unfavorable for the low temperature impact properties of steel, so P content is not more than 0.035%.Except that free-cutting steel, S is a harmful element, and low more good more, the S content of steel of the present invention is not more than 0.010%.V can form V (C, N) particle, and part of V (C, N) particle becomes the ferrite core, promotes the ferritic generation of intracrystalline, makes the crystal grain of steel obtain refinement, and the content of V is preferably 0.08～0.15%.The N element is the key that improves the vanadium useful effect, in order to make V form V (C, N) mostly, particularly form a large amount of VN particles, wish that N content is more than 0.010%, but consider that the N content more than 0.020% makes strand produce subsurface bubble easily, so the content range of N is 0.010～0.020%.Ti also is one of element that forms carbonitride, the carbonitride Ti of Ti in the steel (C, N) dissolves in austenitic temperature height in heat-processed, has the effect that stops austenite crystal to be grown up, but the also crystal grain of refinement steel, improve the low temperature impact properties of steel, preferably Ti content is 0.005～0.015%.Al is very strong deoxidant element, and the Als more than 0.025% can guarantee the free oxygen level of molten steel below 0.0005%, if but Als content is higher than 0.040%, and then under the bad condition of argon shield, can make molten steel when casting, form a large amount of Al
2O
3, make the casting nozzle clogging, influence the watering property of molten steel.
The production method of steel of the present invention comprises molten steel just refining and two steps of liquid steel refining, is elaborated below.
At first, adopt converter or electric furnace just to make steel liquid, control is difficult for the content of element Cu, Ni, Cr of oxidation in the scope that the final finished steel requires, and the content of Si, Mn is lower slightly than the scope of final finished steel, with the possibility that prevents that subsequent process from having increases Si, Mn content, P and S content are low more good more.
Specifically, smelt P content≤0.035% that molten steel makes steel, S content≤0.015%, V content≤0.15%, smelting finishes added Cu and Ni in preceding 2～5 minutes, made the content of Cu in the molten steel, Ni be respectively 0.20～0.60% and 0.15～0.55%.Can add Cu and Ni with the form of metal sheet, but the invention is not restricted to this.
When the C of molten steel content 0.05% when following, tap to ladle.
When the ratio of tap and total tap reaches 1/3 or more and less than 2/3 the time, beginning is to the physical mixture and the pre-deoxidant of ladle adding lime and fluorite.Here, can after the physical mixture that adds lime and fluorite, add pre-deoxidant again; 40～60% of the physical mixture of perhaps first adding lime and fluorite adds the physical mixture of pre-deoxidant with remaining lime and fluorite again.
Total add-on of lime and fluorite is that (tonnage of 7.4～8.5kg) * total tap, the weight ratio of lime and fluorite is 8: 2～9: 1.If total add-on of lime and fluorite is less than the tonnage of 7.4kg * total tap, bad desulfurization effects then, the S content of steel may not reach below 0.012%; If total add-on of lime and fluorite is greater than the tonnage of 8.5kg * total tap, then ladle is too full, and slag overflows ladle easily owing to foam in follow-up electrically heated process.If the weight ratio of lime and fluorite was less than 8: 2, then the viscosity of slag is on the low side, and is mobile very good, causes the electrode arc light of the ladle refining furnace that uses in the liquid steel refining process can not be embedded in the slag heats variation; In addition, the fluorion of fluorite can seriously corrode the weatherable materials of ladle too much, reduces the work-ing life of ladle.If the weight ratio of lime and fluorite was greater than 9: 1, then the viscosity of slag is too high, and is mobile very poor, causes the electrode arc light of ladle refining furnace can not be embedded in the slag heats variation, the fusing time that has prolonged slag.In the present invention, added a large amount of lime and fluorite, adopted the mode of the big quantity of slag to control molten steel S content and be not more than 0.012%.
Pre-deoxidant be can and oxygen in conjunction with the generation oxide compound material, aluminium matter pre-deoxidant and calcareous pre-deoxidant are arranged usually.Aluminium matter pre-deoxidant comprises aluminium ferromanganese FeAlMn, ferro-aluminum FeAl, and calcareous pre-deoxidant comprises calcium carbide CaC
2, silico-calcium barium SiCaBa.In the step of molten steel refining just, the add-on of pre-deoxidant is being as the criterion below 0.0050% with the free oxygen level of control molten steel.When the free oxygen level of molten steel 0.0050% when following, can improve the rate of recovery of the alloy of follow-up adding.If use ferro-aluminum FeAl (contain Al 40%, all the other are Fe) as pre-deoxidant, then its total add-on is the (tonnage of 2.0～3.0kg) * total tap; In this case, can make the free oxygen level of molten steel below 0.0050%.
Carry out the alloying of steel then.Specifically, to molten steel add Cr alloy (carbon FeCr alloy, low-carbon (LC) FeCr alloy, little carbon FeCr alloy for example in) or Metal Cr, Si alloy (for example FeSi alloy or FeSiMn alloy), Mn alloy (for example FeMn alloy or FeSiMn alloy) carries out alloying, the Si content of controlling molten steel is 0.25～0.60%, Mn content is 0.80～1.60%, Cr content is 0.20～0.80%.Yet the adding of Cr, Si, Mn element is not limited to the form of above-mentioned metal or alloy, for example can add Cr, Si and the Mn element of other form to molten steel, makes Si, Mn and Cr content in above-mentioned scope.
Total tap of tapping 2/3 before or 2/3 o'clock of total tap of tapping add all lime, fluorite, pre-deoxidant and various alloy.This be because, at least 1/3 molten steel of back can be given molten steel and the sufficient kinetic energy of various material that the front has gone out, can impel molten steel and various material thorough mixing, this helps the generation of various reactions in the molten steel.
There is small portion to participate in deoxidation in Metal Cr that adds or Cr alloy, Si alloy, the Mn alloy, can have used that the free oxygen of molten steel is reduced to below 0.0015% behind the steel.
After having gone out steel, feeding aluminium simple substance (for example aluminum steel) carries out final deoxygenation in molten steel.Aluminium simple substance feed quantity according to the form below calculates.
| The last C content of measuring before the tapping, % | ??≤0.03 | ??(0.03，0.04] | ??(0.04，0.05] |
| Steel aluminium simple substance feed quantity per ton, kg | ??0.60～0.50 | ??0.50～0.45 | ??0.45～0.35 |
Here, the effect of feeding aluminium simple substance is the content that improves Als in the steel, can further reduce the free oxygen level of molten steel.According to last table feeding aluminium simple substance free oxygen level is reduced to below 0.0005%.Free oxygen level has reduced, along with product A l
2O
3Come-up, can improve the purity of molten steel.Additional Als can also be in the FeO in slag interface and slag reaction in the molten steel, and reduction FeO makes that FeO content reduces in the slag, from and promoted the desulfurization of molten steel.
Carry out under the situation of final deoxygenation at the feeding aluminum steel, can adopt feeding wire machine with the speed that is not less than 8m/s aluminum steel feeding molten steel with φ 8～10mm.If the speed of feeding aluminum steel is less than 8m/s, then aluminum steel does not pass slag blanket and just melts, promptly is difficult to feed molten steel.Considering skids under the conveying roller of carrying aluminum steel and situation that the friction between the aluminum steel oversteps the extreme limit easily causes the aluminum steel counting inaccurate, preferably with the speed feeding aluminum steel of 8-12m/s.
Then, adopt LF stove (ladle refining furnace) to carry out liquid steel refining under the condition of Argon, molten steel needn't carry out vacuum-treat.During the liquid steel refining, require all chemical compositions all to be controlled in the scope of requirement.
Specifically, molten steel heats after furnaceman's LF preface immediately, treats that slag fusing back adds aluminium simple substance (for example aluminum shot) to ladle, adds the C powder then, and control C content is in 0.08～0.16% scope.Optionally, can be after adding aluminium simple substance, and before or after adding the C powder, add Si alloy and/or Mn alloy to molten steel, perhaps add Si alloy and/or Mn alloy with the C powder, Si content being controlled at the littler scope in 0.25～0.60% the scope, and/or Mn content is controlled at littler scope in 0.80～1.60% the scope.
Under the situation that adds aluminum shot,, so aluminum shot is actually in the slag that has been added in ladle, do not enter the molten steel of ladle, so the weight relationships of the add-on of aluminum shot and molten steel is little because the density of aluminum shot is little.The adding of aluminum shot has reduced the oxidisability of slag, makes slag have certain reducing power, thereby the S content that makes molten steel is to being not more than in 0.010% the scope.Can determine the add-on of aluminum shot in the actually operating like this:, then add the aluminum shot of 20kg～30kg if the molten steel amount in the ladle is 30～50 tons; If the molten steel amount is 50～100 tons, then add the aluminum shot of 30kg～40kg; If the molten steel amount greater than 100 tons, then adds the aluminum shot of 40kg～50kg, but the add-on of aluminum shot is not limited thereto, as long as make slag have certain reducing power.
The know-why of feeding the calcium processing according to the production method cancellation of steel of the present invention is that the weight percent of controlling S in the molten steel arrives in the very low scope, requires to be no more than 0.010%, with this quantity that reduces sulfide, reaches other purpose of evaluation level of control sulfide.Specifically, at first be not more than 0.015% at the S content of converter or electric furnace inner control molten steel; Secondly when tapping, in ladle, add a large amount of lime and fluorite, adopt the mode of the big quantity of slag to control molten steel S content once more and be not more than 0.012%; Be to add the oxidisability that aluminium simple substance reduces slag at the LF stove at last, make slag have certain reducing power, the S content of molten steel is reduced in 0.010% the scope of being not more than the most at last.
When reaching 1600～1640 ℃, molten steel temperature stops heating, feed Al simple substance (for example Al line) in the time of Argon once more, and feeding contains the alloy of Ti, V and N element, feed quantity with control [Als] 0.025～0.040%, Ti content 0.005～0.015%, V content 0.08～0.15%, N content is as the criterion in 0.010～0.020% scope, feeds behind aluminium simple substance and the alloy continuation Argon 15～30 minutes.Control [Als] is the free oxygen that is delivered to from slag in the molten steel to be reacted immediately generate the oxide compound (Al of aluminium in 0.025～0.040% purpose
2O
3), float in the slag on once more, can make free oxygen level before the solidification of molten steel all the time below 0.0005%.
Here, can be with form feeding Ti, the V of alloy claded wire and the alloy of N element.Alloy claded wire comprises the crust of core and parcel core, and its external diameter is 8～10mm, and core is the granularity Ti, the V that are no more than 3mm and the alloy of N, and crust is thick sheetmetal of 0.4～0.5mm or iron sheet.Can be crushed to the alloy that contains Ti, V and N≤granularity of 3mm,, make the alloy claded wire of φ 8～10mm thus again with thick sheetmetal of 0.4～0.5mm or the alloy after the fragmentation of iron sheet parcel.
Preferably, use feeding wire machine alloy claded wire to be fed molten steel with the speed that is not less than 4m/s.If the feeding speed of alloy claded wire is less than 4m/s, then alloy claded wire does not pass slag blanket and just melts, promptly is difficult to feed molten steel.Considering skids under the conveying roller of carrying alloy claded wire and situation that the friction between the alloy claded wire oversteps the extreme limit easily causes the alloy claded wire counting inaccurate, preferably with the speed feeding alloy claded wire of 4-8m/s.
Because the alloy claded wire of feeding molten steel has higher speed, kinetic energy, just is melted when arriving molten steel so alloy claded wire is not melted when passing slag blanket much larger than the kinetic energy of bulk alloy addition method.Owing to realized the fusing (in slag do not melt) of alloy claded wire in molten steel, help the N element in the molten steel absorption alloy, thereby improved the recovery rate of N, can guarantee that the recovery rate of N is stable simultaneously.In like manner, Ti in the alloy and the recovery rate of V also can be improved, and guarantee that the recovery rate of Ti and V is stable.
Specifically, if feed the alloy claded wire of Ti, V and N element as mentioned above, then the recovery rate of Ti is 80～90%, scaling loss 10～20%; The recovery rate of V is 90～100%, scaling loss 0～10%; The recovery rate of N is 65～85%, has 15～35% N element to generate nitrogen and escapes in the atmosphere.If directly add the bulk alloy of Ti, V and N, then the recovery rate of Ti is 50～70%, scaling loss 30～50%; The recovery rate of V is 40～60%, scaling loss 40～60%; The recovery rate of N is 20～30%, has 70～80% N element to generate nitrogen and escapes in the atmosphere.
The step that also can comprise continuous casting according to the production method of steel of the present invention.The molten steel phase line temperature of being produced by first refining of above-mentioned molten steel and liquid steel refining step is 1510 ℃～1525 ℃, and the superheating temperature of wrapping in the control continuous caster in casting process is+20 ℃～+ 30 ℃, and therefore controlling and wrapping temperature in the continuous caster is 1530 ℃～1555 ℃.This temperature is that the electrically heated by front LF stove realizes.
The step that also can comprise section rolling according to the production method of steel of the present invention.Specifically, can in process furnace, the speed with 8～14 ℃/min heat strand, after being heated to 1100～1300 ℃, under this temperature, be incubated 1.5～2.0 hours, rolling then, finishing temperature is controlled at 700～900 ℃, can adopt the air cooling mode to cool off after rolling.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the Z-shape steel of the method according to this invention production.With reference to Fig. 1, this Z-shape steel is divided into three parts, be A part, B part and C part, between A part and the C part and be the right angle between B part and the C part and link to each other, the A partial-length is 130～200mm, the B partial-length is 100～180mm, and the C partial-length is 250～400mm, and each several part thickness is 10～30mm.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to produce and is shaped as high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel shown in Figure 1.
To add C content in the converter of 120 tons of nominal capacities (actual tap is between 125～135 tons) be 4.3%, 134 tons the molten iron of can tapping, and carries out refining just.
The converter smelting molten steel finishes and added Cu plate and Ni plate in preceding 5 minutes, make the content of Cu in the molten steel, Ni be respectively 0.25% and 0.15%, when C content in the converter molten steel 0.05% when following, tap to ladle immediately, at this moment, the measured value of molten steel chemical composition is C 0.03%, P 0.015%, S 0.010%.Tap and began to add 1.0 tons of physical mixtures (the lime 800kg wherein of lime and fluorite at 1/3 o'clock to ladle, fluorite 200kg), add FeAl then and (contain Al 40%, all the other are Fe) 320kg, add FeSiMn, FeSi and FeCr alloy, carry out Si, Mn, Cr is element alloyed, wherein, Si content is 12% in the FeSiMn alloy, and Mn content is 62%, and Si content is 74% in the FeSi alloy, Cr content is 63% in the FeCr alloy, the Si content of control molten steel is 0.44%, and Mn content is 1.29%, and Cr content is 0.26%.2/3 of total tap of tapping adds physical mixture, FeAl, FeSiMn, FeSi and the FeCr alloy of all lime and fluorite before.
After having gone out steel, press steel 0.6kg per ton feeds φ 10mm in molten steel aluminum steel, feeding speed is 8m/s.
Molten steel heats after furnaceman's LF preface immediately, treats that slag fusing back adds the 40kg aluminum shot in ladle, adds the C powder then and adds Si alloy, Mn alloy, and control C, Si and Mn content are respectively 0.15%, 0.39% and 1.35%.When reaching 1620 ℃, molten steel temperature stops heating, feed the aluminum steel of φ 10mm once more with the speed of 8m/s, and contain the alloy claded wire of the φ 10mm of Ti, V and N element with the feeding of the speed of 4m/s, [Als] that makes molten steel is 0.025%, Ti content is 0.006%, V content is 0.09%, and N content is 0.011%, has fed behind Al line and the alloy claded wire and has continued Argon 30 minutes.
During continuous-casting steel pouring, molten steel temperature is controlled at 1535 ℃.The strand that is cast into is again with 10 ℃/min of rate of heating, adopts walking beam furnace heating steel billet to 1280 ℃, and begins rolled section steel in insulation under this temperature after 1.5 hours, and finishing temperature is controlled to be 850 ℃, rolls the back and adopts the air cooling mode to carry out the shaped steel cooling.
At last, the chemical composition of check shaped steel is 0.14% C, 0.38% Si, 1.36% Mn, 0.017% P, 0.005% S, 0.25% Cr, 0.25% Cu, 0.15% Ni, 0.025% Als, 0.005% Ti, 0.09% V, 0.010% N.The mechanical property of check shaped steel is: R
EL480Mpa, R
m610Mpa ,-40 ℃ of low-temperature impacts absorb merit Ak
V55J.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to produce and is shaped as high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel shown in Figure 1.
To add C content in the converter of 120 tons of nominal capacities (actual tap is between 125～135 tons) be 4.2%, 135 tons the molten iron of can tapping, and carries out refining just.
The converter smelting molten steel finishes and added Cu plate and Ni plate in preceding 5 minutes, make the content of Cu in the molten steel, Ni be respectively 0.20% and 0.45%, when the C of converter molten steel content 0.05% when following, tap to ladle immediately, at this moment, the measured value of molten steel chemical composition is C 0.04%, P 0.018%, S 0.011%.Tap and began to add 1.0 tons of physical mixtures (the lime 800kg wherein of lime and fluorite at 1/3 o'clock to ladle, fluorite 200kg), add FeAl then and (contain Al 40%, all the other are Fe) 300kg, add FeSiMn, FeSi and FeCr alloy, carry out Si, Mn, Cr is element alloyed, wherein, Si content is 12% in the FeSiMn alloy, Mn content is 62%, Si content is 75% in the FeSi alloy, and Cr content is 64% in the FeCr alloy, and the Si content of control molten steel is 0.28%, Mn content is 1.58%, and Cr content is 0.45%.2/3 of total tap of tapping adds physical mixture, FeAl, FeSiMn, FeSi and the FeCr alloy of all lime and fluorite before.
After having gone out steel, press steel 0.45kg per ton feeds φ 10mm in molten steel aluminum steel, feeding speed is 10m/s.
Molten steel heats after furnaceman's LF preface immediately, treats that slag fusing back adds the 50kg aluminum shot in ladle, adds the C powder then and adds Si alloy, Mn alloy, and control C, Si and Mn content are respectively 0.13%, 0.30% and 1.55%.When reaching 1610 ℃, molten steel temperature stops heating, feed the aluminum steel of φ 10mm once more with the speed of 10m/s, and contain the alloy claded wire of the φ 10mm of Ti, V and N element with the feeding of the speed of 5m/s, [Als] that makes molten steel is 0.035%, Ti content is 0.010%, V content is 0.12%, and N content is 0.015%, has fed behind Al line and the alloy claded wire and has continued Argon 20 minutes.
During continuous-casting steel pouring, molten steel temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃.The strand that is cast into is 10 ℃/min with rate of heating again, adopts walking beam furnace heating steel billet to 1250 ℃, and begins rolled section steel in insulation under this temperature after 1.5 hours, and finishing temperature is controlled to be 830 ℃, rolls the back and adopts the air cooling mode to carry out the shaped steel cooling.
At last, the chemical composition of check shaped steel is 0.13% C, 0.31% Si, 1.55% Mn, 0.021% P, 0.007% S, 0.48% Cr, 0.20% Cu, 0.42% Ni, 0.028% Als, 0.008% Ti, 0.13% V, 0.014% N.The mechanical property of check shaped steel is: R
EL465Mpa, R
m600Mpa ,-40 ℃ of low-temperature impacts absorb merit Ak
v75J.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is used to produce and is shaped as high strength atmospheric corrorsion resistant section steel shown in Figure 1.
To add C content in the converter of 120 tons of nominal capacities (actual tap is between 125～135 tons) be 4.1%, 131 tons the molten iron of can tapping, and carries out refining just.
The converter smelting molten steel finishes and added Cu plate and Ni plate in preceding 5 minutes, make the content of Cu in the molten steel, Ni be respectively 0.50% and 0.25%, when the C of converter molten steel content 0.05% when following, tap to ladle immediately, at this moment, the measured value of molten steel chemical composition is C 0.05%, P 0.020%, S 0.015%.Tap and began to add 1.0 tons of physical mixtures (the lime 800kg wherein of lime and fluorite at 1/3 o'clock to ladle, fluorite 200kg), add FeAl then and (contain Al 40%, all the other are Fe) 300kg, add FeSiMn, FeSi and FeCr alloy, carry out Si, Mn, Cr is element alloyed, wherein, Si content is 12% in the FeSiMn alloy, Mn content is 62%, Si content is 75% in the FeSi alloy, and Cr content is 64% in the FeCr alloy, and the Si content of control molten steel is 0.55%, Mn content is 0.89%, and Cr content is 0.65%.2/3 of total tap of tapping adds physical mixture, FeAl, FeSiMn, FeSi and the FeCr alloy of all lime and fluorite before.
After having gone out steel, press steel 0.40kg per ton feeds φ 10mm in molten steel aluminum steel, feeding speed is 12m/s.
Molten steel heats after furnaceman's LF preface immediately, treats that slag fusing back adds the 50kg aluminum shot in ladle, adds the C powder then and adds Si alloy, Mn alloy, and control C, Si and Mn content are respectively 0.08%, 0.54% and 0.94%.When reaching 1630 ℃, molten steel temperature stops heating, feed the aluminum steel of φ 10mm once more with the speed of 12m/s, and contain the alloy claded wire of the φ 10mm of Ti, V and N element with the feeding of the speed of 6m/s, [Als] that makes molten steel is 0.035%, Ti content is 0.014%, V content is 0.15%, and N content is 0.019%, has fed behind Al line and the alloy claded wire and has continued Argon 15 minutes.
During continuous-casting steel pouring, molten steel temperature is controlled at 1565 ℃.The strand that is cast into is again with 10 ℃/min of rate of heating, adopts walking beam furnace heating steel billet to 1290 ℃, and begins rolled section steel in insulation under this temperature after 1.5 hours, and finishing temperature is controlled to be 900 ℃, rolls the back and adopts the air cooling mode to cool off.
At last, the chemical composition of check shaped steel is 0.08% C, 0.50% Si, 0.96% Mn, 0.019% P, 0.010% S, 0.67% Cr, 0.49% Cu, 0.23% Ni, 0.030% Als, 0.015% Ti, 0.14% V, 0.019% N.The mechanical property of check shaped steel is: R
eL475Mpa, R
m630Mpa ,-40 ℃ of low-temperature impacts absorb merit Ak
v62J.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of production method of steel said method comprising the steps of:
(a) smelt molten steel, make P content≤0.035% of molten steel, S content≤0.015%, V content≤0.15% adds Cu element and Ni element to molten steel then, and the Cu content that makes molten steel is 0.20～0.60%, and Ni content is 0.15～0.55%;
(b) when the C of molten steel content 0.05% when following, tap to ladle;
(c) in the process of tapping, in ladle, add the physical mixture and the pre-deoxidant of lime and fluorite, make S content≤0.012% of molten steel;
(d) add Cr element, Si element, Mn element to molten steel, the Si content that makes molten steel is 0.25～0.60%, and Mn content is 0.80～1.60%, and Cr content is 0.20～0.80%;
(e) to molten steel feeding Al simple substance, carry out final deoxygenation;
(f) the heating molten steel makes the slag fusing under the condition of Argon, adds Al simple substance to ladle afterwards, makes S content≤0.010% of molten steel, adds the C element to molten steel then, and the C content that makes molten steel is 0.08～0.16%;
(g) alloy that feeds Al simple substance and contain Ti, V and N to molten steel, the content of the sour molten aluminium of control molten steel is 0.025～0.040%, Ti content is 0.005～0.015%, V content is 0.08～0.15%, N content is 0.010～0.020%, and the content of above-mentioned each element is weight percent content in the steel.
2, the production method of steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that step (c) comprising: when the ratio of tap and total tap reaches 1/3 or more and less than 2/3 the time, beginning is to the physical mixture and the pre-deoxidant of ladle adding lime and fluorite.
3, the production method of steel according to claim 2 is characterized in that step (c) and (d) comprising: total tap of tapping 2/3 before or the physical mixture that added lime and fluorite at 2/3 o'clock, pre-deoxidant, Cr element, Si element, the Mn element of total tap of tapping.
4, the production method of steel according to claim 1, the total add-on of physical mixture that it is characterized in that lime and fluorite is for (tonnages of 7.4～8.5kg) * total tap, the weight ratio of lime and fluorite is 8: 2～9: 1 in described physical mixture.
5, the production method of steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the add-on of pre-deoxidant is being as the criterion below 0.0050% with the free oxygen level of controlling molten steel.
6, the production method of steel according to claim 5 is characterized in that pre-deoxidant is that the Al weight content is 40% ferro-aluminum, and total add-on of described ferro-aluminum is the (tonnage of 2.0～3.0kg) * total tap.
7, the production method of steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that step (e) comprising: if the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel, is then pressed the amount of steel 0.60～0.50kg per ton below 0.03% with Al simple substance feeding molten steel; If the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel is greater than 0.03% and be no more than 0.04%, then the amount by steel 0.50～0.45kg per ton feeds molten steel with Al simple substance; If the last C content of measuring before the tapping of molten steel is greater than 0.04% and be no more than 0.05%, then the amount by steel 0.45～0.35kg per ton feeds molten steel with Al simple substance.
8, the production method of steel according to claim 7 is characterized in that the Al simple substance that uses in the step (e) is the Al line, is the Al line feeding molten steel of 8～10mm with diameter with the speed that is not less than 8m/s.
9, the production method of steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that step (f) also comprises: after adding Al simple substance, add Si element, Mn element to molten steel.
10, the production method of steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step (g) comprising: the heating molten steel, when molten steel temperature reaches 1600～1640 ℃, stop heating,, and contain the alloy of Ti, V and N with the form feeding of alloy claded wire to molten steel feeding Al line as Al simple substance.
11, the production method of steel according to claim 10, the diameter that it is characterized in that alloy claded wire is 8～10mm, the feeding speed of alloy claded wire is not less than 4m/s.
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