CN101656763A - IP address automatic distribution method, client and server - Google Patents
IP address automatic distribution method, client and server Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an IP address automatic distribution method, a client and a server. The method comprises that a client obtains IP packet comprising undistributed IP address; the client detects whether the undistributed IP address is occupied in the obtained IP packet; if the undistributed IP address is not occupied, the client is determined whether to obtain the undistributed IP address,if yes, the undistributed IP address is obtained. The invention uses the technical means that an IACP server sends actively the undistributed IP address, the client obtains actively the undistributedIP address, overcomes problems of distributing IP address for the clients only by adding externally a DHCP Relay host when the DHCP server and the client are not in identical network segment in the prior art, thereby saving the configuration cost and simplifying the network configuration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to networking technology area, is about a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, client and server specifically.
Background technology
Internet protocol (Internet Protocol is called for short IP) address is a kind of sign that identifies the subscriber equipment and the network equipment in the IP network, also is that IP network is used for the sign that the IP bag is transmitted, and therefore, the distribution of IP address is an entire I P server.
The method of salary distribution of IP address comprises at present: obtain the IP address mode automatically.Automatically the mode that obtains the IP address is meant: client does not need manual intervention, can obtain host IP address, gateway ip address and the network segment mask of this client automatically.At present, the major technique that obtains the IP address automatically is DHCP (DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).In this technology, manage all IP network road configuration datas concentratedly, and be responsible for handling the DHCP request of client by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server; Client then can be used from Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and distribute the IP configuration data that gets off.
But the inventor finds that in realizing process of the present invention the defective that obtains the prior art of IP address automatically is: when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client not at the same network segment, need in the same network segment of client, dispose a DHCP relay (Relay) main frame.This DHCP Relay main frame receives the DHCP request of client, then this DHCP request is sent to Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server, and the answer of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is sent to client.But the benchmark service of IP network only provides routing function generally speaking, do not provide the IP address automatic configuration feature, and this DHCP Relay main frame belong to the IP address function of configuration automatically, does not belong to routing function, therefore, bearer network operator does not generally provide DHCP Relay function.Because bearer network operator does not provide DHCP Relay function, therefore, under the benchmark service of IP network, the configuration of difficult realization automatic IP address.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming problems of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, client and server, can realize efficiently, cheaply that the IP address distributes automatically.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, and described method comprises: client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; Whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied; If it is occupied that unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address, if then obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address client, and described client comprises: IP message acquiring unit is used to obtain the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; IP address probe unit, whether the unallocated IP address that is used for surveying the IP message that gets access to is occupied; Judging unit is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address automatic allocating method, and described method comprises: generate the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; Described IP message is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address; Receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of IP address automatic distribution server, and described server comprises: IP message generation unit is used to generate the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address; The IP packet sending unit is used for the IP message that described message generation unit generates is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address; The acknowledge message receiving element is used to receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
The IACP server initiatively sends unallocated IP address, client is initiatively obtained the technological means of unappropriated IP address because the embodiment of the invention adopts, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide the further understanding to the embodiment of the invention, constitutes the application's a part, does not constitute the qualification to the embodiment of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of IP address automatic allocating method of providing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method flow chart that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 3 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 4 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of a kind of IP address client 500 of providing of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the IP address probe unit 502 that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the automatic distribution server 700 in a kind of IP address that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention is clearer,, the embodiment of the invention is described in further details below in conjunction with execution mode and accompanying drawing.At this, the exemplary embodiment of the embodiment of the invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the embodiment of the invention, but not as the qualification to the embodiment of the invention.
The automatic configuring technical in IP address that the embodiment of the invention is introduced can be named as IACP:IP AddressAuto Configuration Protocol (automatic address configuration protocol).This agreement can be used for the remote auto IP address assignment, and bearer network wherein can be the three layers of IP network, and this three layers of IP network only need dispose simple routing iinformation.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention may relate to three functional nodes:
1.IACP Client: i.e. IACP client, this node needs distributing IP address (can be called for short " client ").In other words, client is waited for the distributing IP address of host exactly, as computer etc.
2.IACP Server: i.e. IACP server (can be called for short " address allocation server "), this node provides the IP address assignment service, comprises the IP address pool, and the IP address assignment strategy.
Below, IACP address assignment solution is described respectively from method, the node (also can be called " network element " or device) that relates to and the angle of system.
In addition, the several notions that relate in the embodiment of the invention, make description below in the lump at this:
ARP:address resolution protocol address resolution protocol is about to the Internet protocol that the IP map addresses becomes ethernet mac address.
The ARP request: in the ARP agreement, this machine is known certain IP addresses of nodes, but does not know the MAC Address of this node, and this machine is by the MAC Address in this IP address of Ethernet broadcast transmission ARP request inquiry;
Arp response: in the ARP agreement, this machine finds that the IP address in the ARP request is this machine IP address, and local to opposite end main frame transmission arp response, what the MAC Address of this IP address correspondence of announcement is;
The gratuitous ARP request: main frame wants the IP address of certain IP address as this machine, but do not know whether IP address conflict to take place, and promptly Ethernet is broadcasted the gratuitous ARP request of this IP address, if receive response, then expression clashes, otherwise expression does not clash;
Gratuitous ARP response: main frame wants the IP address of certain IP address as this machine, and at the whole Ethernet of Ethernet broadcasting gratuitous ARP response announcement, this IP address is that this machine is used.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of IP address automatic allocating method of providing of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 1, described method comprises:
S101, client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, the client of unallocated IP address is obtained the IP message, comprise unappropriated IP address (one or more) in this IP message, the IP message can be the ARP (address resolution protocol that comprises unallocated IP address, Address Resolution Protocol) request package, this ARP request package can be sent by the couple in router of IACP server or this network segment, when client and IACP server during not at the same network segment, client receives the ARP request package that the couple in router of the place network segment sends; When client and IACP server during at the same network segment, client receives the ARP request package that the IACP server sends.IACP server or couple in router be by in this network segment broadcast arp request package, as previously mentioned, this ARP request package can be used for obtaining with the ARP request package in the corresponding MAC Address in unallocated IP address.
S102, whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied.
Whether in embodiments of the present invention, behind the IP message that client gets access to, draw together the gratuitous ARP request package of unallocated IP address to this network segment broadcast packet, it is occupied to survey the unallocated IP address that gets access to according to the response message of replying.Concrete, can be that other nodes to this network segment are (such as other client, computer in this network segment, or couple in router, or use the server etc. of IP address in this network segment) broadcast this gratuitous ARP request package, then, whether according to the gratuitous ARP response message of other nodes, it is occupied to survey this IP address.
S103, occupied if unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address, if then obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
In embodiments of the present invention, if client is not received the response message that other nodes are replied,, and then judge whether to obtain unallocated IP address by this client just it is occupied to think that unallocated IP address does not have.Concrete, if the client of a plurality of unallocated IP address is arranged, then the client of all unallocated IP addresses can select a client to obtain unallocated IP address by the mode of election, specifically can be the comparison information of carrying, judge whether to obtain unallocated IP address by this client according to the gratuitous ARP request package that other clients that receive send.
In another embodiment of the present invention, after the client that elects obtains unallocated IP address, broadcast the occupied response message in this IP address (such as the response of, gratuitous ARP) to this network segment.Be understandable that, with regard to the relation between the client, also can think this obtain unallocated IP address client other client broadcast transmissions in this network segment the gratuitous ARP response.
On the other hand, obtain the client of unallocated IP address, can also obtain the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IACP server of this network segment, last IP address according to the IACP server that gets access to sends the affirmation message that this unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IACP server.
Embodiment of the invention employing IACP server initiatively sends unallocated IP address, client is initiatively obtained the technological means of unappropriated IP address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 1 is that the angle from client is described IACP address assignment solution, and following examples 2 will be described from the angle of IACP server.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method flow chart that the embodiment of the invention provides, and as shown in Figure 2, described method comprises:
S201, the IACP server generates the IP message according to unallocated IP address, carries unappropriated IP address in this IP message.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server generates the IP message according to unappropriated IP address (can be presented as the form of IP address list), comprises unappropriated IP address (one or more) in this IP message.
Be understandable that according to the difference of application scenarios, the IP message can be in different ways:
If the IACP server and client side is at the same network segment, then the IP message can be to survey the IP bag, comprising the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IACP server of place, the unallocated IP address network segment.
If the IACP server and client side is at the same network segment, then the IP message can be the ARP request package, comprises unappropriated IP address in this ARP request package.
S202 is sent to described IP message the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server is sent to the IP message network segment at place, unallocated IP address.Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends with the cycle be that example is described.
When the IP message is when surveying the IP bag, the IACP server periodically will be surveyed the couple in router that the IP bag is sent to the network segment at place, unallocated IP address, the follow-up bag according to detection IP by this couple in router generates the ARP request package, and the ARP request package sent to the client of the same network segment;
When the IP message was the ARP request package, the IACP server periodically was sent to the ARP request package client of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address.
S203, the affirmation message that the unallocated IP address that the reception client sends has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, after unallocated IP address has been assigned to client, client can notify this IP address of IACP server to be assigned with by acknowledge message, that is, and and the affirmation message that the unallocated IP address that IACP server reception client sends has been assigned with.
Optionally, in embodiments of the present invention, the IP address automatic allocating method can also comprise step S204, according to the affirmation message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
Concrete, in embodiments of the present invention, if include only an IP address in the IP message that the IACP server generates among the step S201, then after this IP address has been assigned with, the IACP server stops to send the IP message that comprises this IP address according to the affirmation message that receives, and the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address, tabulation according to the unallocated IP address after refreshing re-executes step S201, generates new IP message.
If comprise a plurality of IP address in the IP message that the IACP server generates among the step S201, then after wherein certain IP address is assigned with, the IACP server is according to the notification message that receives, refresh the tabulation of unallocated IP address, and re-execute step S201 according to the tabulation of the unallocated IP address after refreshing, generate new IP message.
Embodiment of the invention employing IACP server initiatively sends unallocated IP address, client is initiatively obtained the technological means of unappropriated IP address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides, in Fig. 3, client needs the distributing IP address, the IACP server provides the IP address assignment service, in the present embodiment, suppose IACP server and client not at the same network segment, as shown in Figure 3, described method comprises:
S301, IACP server generate according to unallocated IP address and survey the IP bag, survey in the IP bag and carry unappropriated IP address and routing iinformation.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the IP address that the IACP discovering server has been planned is still unallocated when going out, suppose that this IP address is IP1, the IACP server is purpose IP address with IP1, and is source IP address with the IACP server ip address, generates and surveys the IP bag.This IP bag can carry the mask-length of the IP1 place network segment, the gateway ip address of the IP1 place network segment (supposing that gateway ip address is IP0), and other optional information.This detection IP bag is designated surveys IP bag (IP1).When certain client obtains IP1, when externally sending the IP bag, this client can use mask-length and gateway ip address to produce routing iinformation.
S302, the IACP server sends detection IP bag to the couple in router of destination client.
In embodiments of the present invention, the destination client is the client of the unappropriated IP address ip 1 place network segment.
The IACP server will be surveyed the network segment that the IP bag is sent to place, unallocated IP address.In embodiments of the present invention, surveying IP bag (IP1) is a clean culture IP bag, and bearer network is a three-layer network, surveys the couple in router that IP bag (IP1) can be dealt into the IP1 place network segment, this couple in router also is the couple in router of certain client, supposes that this router is Router1.
Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends with the cycle be that example is described.
The IACP server repeats to send this detection IP (IP1) bag with certain period T 1, distributes to have finished up to certain client feedback IP1 just to stop to send.T1 is a configurable time parameter, and T1 can be assumed to be 5 seconds herein.
S303, the couple in router of destination client is to the ARP request package of whole target network segment broadcasting target ip address.
Because IP1 is a unappropriated IP address, though couple in router Router1 knows which network segment of IP1 at oneself, but do not know the ethernet mac address of IP1 correspondence, so, Router1 can be in the network segment broadcast arp request package at IP1 place, the MAC Address that can be used for inquiring about the IP1 correspondence of this ARP request package.This ARP request package is designated ARP request package (IP1) herein, any one client of the IP1 place network segment can receive this ARP request package (IP1).
S304, client receives the ARP request package, and being used to survey may IP address allocated.
In embodiments of the present invention, when the IP address, utilizing in the network that receives the ARP request package to survey may IP address allocated unallocated for client 1 and 2.In order to improve the stability of system, this stage client is only handled the ARP request package, does not handle gratuitous ARP request package, arp response bag and gratuitous ARP respond packet.
Suppose that client 1 and 2 receives certain ARP request package, detecting this ARP request package is that inquiry IP address is the ethernet mac address of IP1, this ARP request package can be called ARP request package (IP1), then client 1 and 2 thinks that IP1 may be the IP address that the IACP server-assignment is given this client, so all prepare to seize this IP address.Be understandable that if there are a plurality of clients all not to be assigned with the IP address in this network segment, and received this ARP request package, then the client of all the unallocated IP addresses in this network segment all can prepare to seize this IP address.
S305, client sends the probe message (such as the gratuitous ARP request package) that comprises unallocated IP address;
In this step, client is by sending the gratuitous ARP request package, and whether detection of a target IP address is occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, after client 1 and 2 is received ARP request package (IP1), can be behind random delay, such as at T2 between T2+T3 after the random delay, send the gratuitous ARP request package of IP1 in this network segment, this gratuitous ARP request package is designated gratuitous ARP request package (IP1).Gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) is carried the distinctive mark of IACP agreement, and method has a variety of, does not limit herein, for example fills field at the mac frame of gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) and has added the distinctive mark of 0x5A as the IACP agreement.T2 and T3 are configurable time parameters, can suppose that herein T2 and T3 are 100 milliseconds.
The effect of random delay is: the client that prevents all unallocated addresses in the network segment is sent out the gratuitous ARP request package mutually and is produced the Ethernet broadcast storm at synchronization.
S306, client judges whether target ip address is occupied;
In this step, whether the response message that client is replied according to other nodes of this network segment is surveyed this target ip address occupied.Response message can be arp response bag or gratuitous ARP respond packet.
Concrete, in embodiments of the present invention, the arp response bag is after the node in the network segment receives the ARP request package, when the IP address in the discovery ARP request package is local ip address, sends arp response bag, the MAC Address of this IP address correspondence of announcement to transmitting terminal.Suppose that client 1 is received the arp response bag that client 2 sends in this step, show that then this target ip address is occupied.
When the gratuitous ARP request package is a client wants with certain IP address as the IP address of this client, owing to do not know whether IP address conflict to take place, so that broadcast the gratuitous ARP request package of this IP address, if receive response, then expression clashes, otherwise then not conflict of expression.The gratuitous ARP respond packet be client wants with the IP address of certain IP address as this client, just this IP address of whole Ethernet at Ethernet broadcasting gratuitous ARP respond packet announcement is that this client is used.
Be understandable that to have only target ip address not used by other node, could be as the object of being seized.
In embodiments of the present invention, any client must receive gratuitous ARP request package, gratuitous ARP respond packet, arp response bag that other client is sent when this stage of being in.When client 1 or 2 is received gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1) or arp response bag (IP1), show that this IP1 is occupied, get back to the state of S304 at once.
Client 1 or 2 does not promptly receive in the time that at T4 gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1) do not receive arp response bag (IP1) again after sending gratuitous ARP request package (IP1), it is occupied to show that then this IP1 does not have, and client 1 or 2 enters S307.T4 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T4 is 1 second.
When IP 1 has distributed to certain client, when this client is received any gratuitous ARP request package (IP1), the bag of loopback arp response at once (IP1), receive how many bar gratuitous ARP request package (IP1), with regard to how many bar arp response bags (IP1) of loopback, be used to notify IP1 to distribute to this client.
In order to improve the stability of a system, the client 1 and 2 that is in this stage can not handled the ARP request package.
S307 elects unique client to obtain IP1.
In embodiments of the present invention, the client that does not obtain the IP address reenters S304, and the client that obtains IP1 declares that then IP1 is assigned with, thereby enters S308.
The mode of client election has a variety of, only needs unique the getting final product of result of election.The comparative information of characteristics election is gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) carrying by the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, such as, this comparison information can be a MAC Address.
Way to elect one: the client of ethernet mac value minimum obtains IP1.
In this mode, the globally unique characteristics of ethernet mac value of each client have been utilized.Client is from all gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) that receive, pick out the gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) of the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, and from these gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) the extraction source MAC Address, these MAC Address just in time are the MAC Address of all other clients of still unallocated IP address in this network segment.The MAC Address of this client and these MAC Address are relatively.MAC value as this client is minimum, and then this client obtains IP1, otherwise this client can not obtain IP1, and this client turns back to S304.
Way to elect two: the client of ethernet mac value maximum obtains IP1.
In this mode, be the globally unique characteristics of ethernet mac value of utilizing each client equally.Client is from all gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) that receive, pick out the gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) of the distinctive mark that carries the IACP agreement, and from these gratuitous ARP request package (IP1) the extraction source MAC Address, these MAC Address just in time are the MAC Address of all other clients of still unallocated IP address in this network segment.The MAC Address of this client and these MAC Address are relatively.If the MAC value of this client is maximum, then this client obtains IP1, otherwise this client can not obtain IP1, and this client turns back to S304.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned " election " is that the angle from a plurality of clients is described, if be described from a client, then can be understood as: this client will judge whether to obtain this IP address by this client, concrete judgment mode is: the comparison information of the gratuitous ARP request package carrying that sends according to other clients that receive, judge whether to obtain this unallocated IP address by this client, comparison information can be a MAC Address.
S308, the client declaration IP1 that obtains the IP address owns for it.
In embodiments of the present invention, suppose it is that client 2 obtains IP1, to whole network segment broadcasting gratuitous ARP respond packet (IP1), declaration IP1 address is assigned with client 2, enters S309 then at once.
In order to improve the stability of a system, the client that is in this stage is not handled the ARP request package.
S309, the couple in router of notice client is surveyed the target MAC (Media Access Control) address of IP bag, and receives detection IP bag, obtains IACP server ip address and routing iinformation.
Concrete, in this step, client can be by the MAC Address of this client of arp response message informing couple in router, after couple in router receives this arp response message, the detection IP bag of depositing before sending, the client receiving terminal is surveyed after the IP bag to this, can obtain information wherein.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is used to receive the detection IP bag (IP1) that leaves Router1 in.The effect of this step is: the one, survey IP bag (IP1) by receiving, and confirm that IP1 is the IP address of IACP server-assignment; The 2nd, analyze and survey IP bag (IP1), obtain routing iinformations such as mask-length and gateway ip address, and other possible information, when also comprising second gateway, can obtain the IP address of second gateway such as this network segment; The 3rd, by surveying the source IP address of IP bag (IP1), draw the IACP server ip address, be used for client and confirm that to the IACP server IP1 has assigned.
The client 2 that obtains IP1 to the MAC Address that Router1 notifies this machine, supposes that this MAC Address is MAC1 to Router1 loopback arp response bag (IP1).Router1 is that destination address sends detection IP bag (IP1) to client 2 with MAC1.
After client 2 obtains to survey IP bag (IP1), analyze mask, gateway ip address, the IACP server ip address of this IP bag and the acquisition client 2 place network segments, and other possible information, S310 entered then.
After client 2 was carried out S309, if do not receive that in the T5 time surveying IP wraps (IP1), this client 2 was returned S304.T5 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T5 is 10 seconds.T5 can be set more than or equal to T1 in addition, because after first detection IP bag (IP1) of IACP server transmission is abandoned by Router1, second detection IP bag (IP1) of IACP server transmission can be waited for and receive to client with time enough.
S310, the client that obtains the IP address sends the affirmation message that unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server.
In this step, client notice IACP server purpose IP address ip 1 has assigned.
In embodiments of the present invention, this stage is used to notify IACP server ip 1 to assign, can refresh the IP address assignment pond, and stops to send detection IP bag (IP1).The client 2 that obtains IP1 is purpose IP address with the IACP server, and IP1 is source IP address, sends IP1 to the IACP server and has distributed acknowledge message.The IACP server refreshes IP address assignment pond (IP address list) after receiving this IP bag, and stops to send detection IP bag (IP1).
More than be to survey the explanation that the IP bag situation that only to comprise a unallocated IP address be IP1 is carried out, when detection IP comprises a plurality of unallocated IP address, after IP address ip 1 that one of them is unallocated has assigned, the IP1 that the IACP server receives the client transmission has distributed acknowledge message, refresh the IP address assignment pond, and upgrade and survey the IP bag.
So far, IP address ip 1 assigning process is finished.
The present invention can only utilize the most basic, the requisite function of IP network, does not need the optional function of IP network, just can finish automatic IP address and distribute, and can realize that client and IP address assignment server are in different IP network.A complete automatic configuration feature in IP address that does not need three layers of IP network specific function is provided.The compatible bearer network of this scheme is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet simultaneously.It can reach following effect:
1. reduce the three layers of IP network cost, because it only needs the most basic, the requisite function of network;
2. improve the IP address scope of application of configuration automatically, can be because of the special function of needs, and can not realize that the IP address disposes automatically, thus reduce the difficulty and the cost of IP address assignment;
3. compatible bearer network is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet, guarantees only need adopt the automatic distribution technique in a kind of IP address at three layers of IP network and two layers of ethernet network, reduces the network design cost.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 4 is a kind of IP address automatic allocating method signaling diagram that the embodiment of the invention provides, in Fig. 4, client needs the distributing IP address, and the IACP server provides the IP address assignment service, and the client of present embodiment and the IACP server IP address under the same network segment is distributed automatically.As shown in Figure 4, described method comprises:
S401, IACP server generate the detection IP bag of unallocated IP address, carry IP address and routing iinformation.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S301, so do not repeat them here.
S402, IACP server send the ARP request package of target ip address to local network segment.
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server wraps (IP1) if send detection IP, must know the MAC Address of IP1 correspondence.Because IP1 is a unappropriated IP address, though the IACP server is known IP1 and oneself network segment that exists together, but do not know the ethernet mac address of IP1 correspondence, the IACP server must be to the network segment broadcast arp request package at the IP1 place, and this ARP request package can be used for inquiring about the MAC Address of obtaining the IP1 correspondence.This ARP request package can be called ARP request package (IP1) herein, and any one client of the IP1 place network segment can receive this ARP request package (IP1).
In embodiments of the present invention, the IACP server is sent to local network segment with ARP request package (IP1).Be understandable that, " transmission " here, the mode that both can the employing cycle sends also can adopt the mode that sends after the Event triggered, below the mode that mainly sends with the cycle be that example is described.
Can be sent out away in order to guarantee ARP request package (IP1), the IACP server repeats to send ARP request package (IP1) with certain period T 1, just distributes to have finished up to certain client feedback IP1 to stop transmission.T1 is a configurable time parameter, and T1 can be assumed to be 5 seconds herein.
S403, client receives the ARP request package and is used to survey the possibility IP address allocated.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S304, so do not repeat them here.
S404 sends the gratuitous ARP request package behind the client random delay, whether detection of a target IP address is used by other client.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S305, so do not repeat them here.
S405, client detects whether receive arp response bag, gratuitous ARP respond packet, judges whether target ip address is occupied;
Be understandable that to have only target ip address not used by other node (such as client), could be with this Target IP as the object of being seized.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S306, so do not repeat them here.
S406, client elects unique client and obtains IP1.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S307, so do not repeat them here.
S407, the client declaration IP1 that obtains the IP address owns for it, and other client must not be seized this IP address again.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S308, so do not repeat them here.
S408, the MAC Address of this client of notice IACP server, and receive detection IP bag, obtain IACP server ip address and routing iinformation.
Concrete, in this step, client can be by the MAC Address of this client of arp response message informing server, after server receives this arp response message, the detection IP bag that generates before sending, the client receiving terminal is surveyed after the IP bag to this, can obtain information wherein.
This step is used to receive the detection IP bag (IP1) that leaves the IACP server in.The effect of this step is: the one, survey IP bag (IP1) by receiving, and confirm that IP1 is the IP address of IACP server-assignment; The 2nd, analyze and survey IP bag (IP1), obtain routing iinformations such as mask-length and gateway ip address, and other possible information, when also comprising second gateway, can obtain the IP address of second gateway such as this network segment; The 3rd, by surveying the source IP address of IP bag (IP1), draw the IACP server ip address, be used for client and confirm that to the IACP server IP1 has assigned.
The client that obtains IP1 to the MAC Address of this machine of IACP server notification, supposes that this MAC Address is MAC1 to IACP server loopback arp response bag (IP1).The IACP server is that destination address sends detection IP bag (IP1) to this client with MAC1.
After client obtains to survey IP bag (IP1), analyze mask, gateway ip address, the IACP server ip address of this IP bag and the acquisition client place network segment, and other possible information, step S409 entered then.
After client was carried out S408, if do not receive that in the T5 time surveying IP wraps (IP1), this client was returned S403.T5 is a configurable time parameter, can suppose that herein T5 is 10 seconds.T5 guarantees that more than or equal to T1 client has time enough to receive second ARP request package (IP1) that the IACP server sends in addition, and client loopback arp response timely bag (IP1), IACP server send in time surveys IP bag (IP1) to client.
S409, this purpose of client notice IACP server IP address ip 1 has assigned.
In embodiments of the present invention, this step is identical with embodiment 3 described S310, so do not repeat them here.
So far, IP address ip 1 assigning process is finished.
The technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides, can only utilize the most basic, the requisite function of IP network, the optional function that does not need IP network just can be finished automatic IP address and distribute, and can realize that client and IP address assignment server are in different IP network.The technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides provides a complete automatic configuration feature in IP address that does not need three layers of IP network specific function.The compatible bearer network of this scheme is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet simultaneously.It can reach following effect:
1. reduce the three layers of IP network cost, because it only needs the most basic, the requisite function of network;
2. improve the IP address scope of application of configuration automatically, can be because of the special function of needs, and can not realize that the IP address disposes automatically, thus reduce the difficulty and the cost of IP address assignment;
3. compatible bearer network is the application scenarios of two layers of Ethernet, guarantees only need adopt the automatic distribution technique in a kind of IP address at three layers of IP network and two layers of ethernet network, reduces the network design cost.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of a kind of IP address client 500 of providing of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 5, IP address client 500 comprises: IP message acquiring unit 501, IP address probe unit 502 and judging unit 503.
IP message acquiring unit 501 is used to obtain the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP message acquiring unit 501 is used to obtain the IP message of couple in router or the transmission of IACP server, and the IP message can be the ARP request package that comprises unallocated IP address.
IP address probe unit 502, whether the unallocated IP address that is used for surveying the IP message that gets access to is occupied.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the IP address probe unit 502 that provides of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 6, IP address probe unit 502 comprises: probe message sending module 601 and response message detecting module 602.
Probe message sending module 601 is used for sending the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address to other nodes of this network segment.
In embodiments of the present invention, probe message sending module 601 can be used for step S305 in the execution graph 3 or the step S404 among Fig. 4.
Response message detecting module 602 is used for the response message according to other nodes answers of this network segment, and whether survey described unallocated IP address occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message detecting module 602 can be used for step S306 in the execution graph 3 or the step S405 among Fig. 4.
Judging unit 503 is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied.
In embodiments of the present invention, judging unit 503 can be used for step S307 in the execution graph 3 or the step S406 among Fig. 4.Judging unit 503 can comprise: first module is used to receive the gratuitous ARP request package that other clients send; Second module, the comparison information of the gratuitous ARP request package carrying that other clients that are used for receiving according to first module send judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
Response message transmitting element 504 is used for broadcasting the occupied response message in unallocated IP address at this network segment after client obtains the IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message transmitting element 504 can be used for step S308 in the execution graph 3 or the step S407 among Fig. 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
IP information acquisition unit 505 is used for the IP address that obtains mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the described network segment behind client acquisition IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP information acquisition unit 505 can be used for step S309 in the execution graph 3 or the step S408 among Fig. 4.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the IP address distributes client 500 to comprise automatically:
Acknowledge message transmitting element 506 is used for sending the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server after client obtains the IP address.Concrete, can send the affirmation message that unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server according to the IP address of the IP distribution server that gets access to.
In embodiments of the present invention, acknowledge message transmitting element 506 can be used for step S310 in the execution graph 3 or the step S409 among Fig. 4.
Embodiment of the invention employing IACP server initiatively sends unallocated IP address, client is initiatively obtained the technological means of unappropriated IP address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Embodiment 6
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the automatic distribution server 700 in a kind of IP address that provides of the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 7, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address comprises: IP message generation unit 701, IP packet sending unit 702 and acknowledge message receiving element 703.
IP message generation unit 701 is used to generate the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address.
IP packet sending unit 702, the IP message that is used for periodically the message generation unit being generated is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
Acknowledge message receiving element 703 is used to receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, acknowledge message receiving element 703 receives the affirmation message that IP address that clients send has been assigned with.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP packet sending unit 702 can be used for periodically sending.
Optionally, IP packet sending unit 702 can comprise: survey IP bag sending module, be used for during not at the same network segment, will surveying the couple in router that the IP bag is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address at client and IP address assignment server; Accordingly, the IP packet sending unit is used for the detection IP that this detection IP bag generation module generates is wrapped, and is sent to the couple in router of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address.
Optionally, IP packet sending unit 702 can comprise: ARP request package generation module is used for during at the same network segment, generating the ARP request package that comprises unallocated IP address at client and IP address assignment server; Accordingly, the IP packet sending unit is used for the ARP request package that this ARP request package generation module generates is sent to the client of the network segment at place, unallocated IP address.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address can also comprise:
The IP refresh unit 704 of tabulating is used for according to the notification message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, IP address allocated is removed in the notification message tabulation of distributing IP address never that IP tabulation refresh unit 704 bases receive, and forms the tabulation of new unallocated IP address.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the automatic distribution server 700 in IP address can also comprise:
Response message receiving element 705 is used to receive the occupied response message in described unallocated IP address that the client that obtains the IP address sends.
IP information transmitting unit 706 is used for according to the response message that receives, the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address is sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
In embodiments of the present invention, response message receiving element 705 and IP information transmitting unit 706 can be used for the step S309 of execution graph 3 or the step S408 among Fig. 4.
Embodiment of the invention employing IACP server initiatively sends unallocated IP address, client is initiatively obtained the technological means of unappropriated IP address, overcome in the prior art when Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and client are not on the same network segment, the DHCP Relay main frame that must additionally add just can be the problem of client distributing IP address, has saved deployment cost and has simplified network configuration.
Above-described embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; and be not intended to limit the scope of the invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. an IP address automatic allocating method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
Whether the unallocated IP address that client is surveyed in the IP message that gets access to is occupied;
If it is occupied that unallocated IP address does not have, then judge whether to obtain described unallocated IP address, if then obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
2. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
When described client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, described client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address and comprised: described client receives the first ARP request package that the couple in router of the described client place network segment sends; Or
When described client and IP address assignment server during at the same network segment, described client is obtained the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address and comprised: described client receives the 2nd ARP request package that described IP address assignment server sends.
3. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described client is surveyed unallocated IP address occupied the comprising whether in the IP message that gets access to:
Other nodes to this network segment send the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address;
Whether the response message of replying according to other nodes of this network segment is surveyed described unallocated IP address occupied.
4. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly judges whether that obtaining described unallocated IP address by this client comprises:
Comparison information according to the gratuitous ARP request package of other clients transmissions that receive is carried judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
5. according to each described IP address automatic allocating method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that after obtaining described unallocated IP address, described method also comprises:
The client that obtains the IP address is broadcasted the occupied response message in described unallocated IP address at this network segment; And/or,
The client that obtains the IP address sends the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server.
6. IP address client is characterized in that described client comprises:
IP message acquiring unit is used to obtain the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
IP address probe unit, whether the unallocated IP address that is used for surveying the IP message that gets access to is occupied;
Judging unit is used for not having in unallocated IP address judging whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client when occupied.
7. IP according to claim 6 address client is characterized in that, described IP address probe unit comprises:
The probe message sending module is used for sending the probe message that comprises unallocated IP address to other nodes of this network segment;
The response message detecting module is used for the response message according to other nodes answers of this network segment, and whether survey described unallocated IP address occupied.
8. IP according to claim 6 address client is characterized in that described judging unit comprises:
First module is used to receive the gratuitous ARP request package that other clients send;
Second module, the comparison information of the gratuitous ARP request package carrying that other clients that are used for receiving according to first module send judges whether to obtain described unallocated IP address by this client.
9. according to each described IP address client of claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that described client also comprises:
The response message transmitting element is used for broadcasting the occupied response message in described unallocated IP address at this network segment after this client obtains the IP address; And/or,
The acknowledge message transmitting element is used for sending the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with to the IP distribution server after this client obtains the IP address.
10. an IP address automatic allocating method is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Generation comprises the IP message of unallocated IP address;
Described IP message is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address;
Receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
11. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, when client and IP address assignment server during not at the same network segment, described generation comprises that the IP message of unallocated IP address comprises: the tabulation according to unallocated IP address generates the detection IP bag that comprises unallocated IP address;
The described network segment that described IP message is sent to place, described unallocated IP address comprises: the couple in router that described detection IP bag is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
12. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, when client and IP address assignment server during at the same network segment, described generation comprises that the IP message of unallocated IP address comprises: generate the ARP request package that comprises unallocated IP address;
The described network segment that described IP message is sent to place, described unallocated IP address comprises: the client that described ARP request package is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
13. IP address automatic allocating method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, before the affirmation message that has been assigned with in the described unallocated IP of described reception address, described method also comprises:
Receive the occupied response message in described unallocated IP address of the client transmission that obtains the IP address;
According to the response message that receives, the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address is sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
14., it is characterized in that after the affirmation message that the described unallocated IP of reception address has been assigned with, described method also comprises according to each described IP address automatic allocating method of claim 10 to 13:
According to the affirmation message that receives, the tabulation that refreshes unallocated IP address.
15. the automatic distribution server in IP address is characterized in that described server comprises:
IP message generation unit is used to generate the IP message that comprises unallocated IP address;
The IP packet sending unit is used for the IP message that described message generation unit generates is sent to the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address;
The acknowledge message receiving element is used to receive the affirmation message that described unallocated IP address has been assigned with.
16. the automatic distribution server in IP according to claim 15 address is characterized in that, described IP message generation unit comprises:
Survey IP bag generation module, be used at client and IP address assignment server during, generate the detection IP bag that comprises unallocated IP address according to the tabulation of unallocated IP address not at the same network segment;
Described IP packet sending unit is used for the detection IP that described detection IP bag generation module generates is wrapped, and is sent to the couple in router of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
17. the automatic distribution server in IP according to claim 15 address is characterized in that, described IP message generation unit comprises:
ARP request package generation module is used for during at the same network segment, generating the ARP request package that comprises unallocated IP address at client and IP address assignment server;
Described IP packet sending unit is used for the ARP request package that described ARP request package generation module generates is sent to the client of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address.
18., it is characterized in that described server also comprises according to each automatic distribution server in described IP address of claim 15 to 17:
The response message receiving element is used to receive the occupied response message in described unallocated IP address that the client that obtains the IP address sends;
The IP information transmitting unit is used for according to the response message that receives, the IP address of mask, gateway ip address and the IP distribution server of the network segment at place, described unallocated IP address is sent to the client of described acquisition IP address.
Priority Applications (4)
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| CN 200910170885 CN101656763B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | IP address automatic distribution method, client and server |
| EP10815008.7A EP2477361B1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-10 | Ip address automatic assignment method, equipment and system |
| PCT/CN2010/076796 WO2011029406A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-10 | Ip address automatic assignment method, equipment and system |
| US13/416,661 US9900183B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2012-03-09 | IP address automatic assignment method, device, and system |
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| CN 200910170885 CN101656763B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | IP address automatic distribution method, client and server |
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| CN101656763A true CN101656763A (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN101656763B CN101656763B (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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