CN101654910B - Method for power generation by developing and utilizing dead water quantity of water reservoir - Google Patents
Method for power generation by developing and utilizing dead water quantity of water reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN101654910B CN101654910B CN2009101643996A CN200910164399A CN101654910B CN 101654910 B CN101654910 B CN 101654910B CN 2009101643996 A CN2009101643996 A CN 2009101643996A CN 200910164399 A CN200910164399 A CN 200910164399A CN 101654910 B CN101654910 B CN 101654910B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for power generation by developing and utilizing the dead water quantity of a water reservoir, which comprises the following steps: (1) from an Nth level of water reservoir to a 2nd level of water reservoir in a drainage area, selecting at least one water reservoir between a designed dead water level and a designed silting water level, arranging at least one water passage which leads the dead water quantity of the water reservoir to a downstream water reservoir; (2) arranging a working strobe and a repair strobe which are opened and closed independently in each water passage respectively, or a common repair strobe; and (3) utilizing the dead water quantity from an upstream water reservoir to carry out power generation by a hydroelectric power station which is matched with the downstream water reservoir. The water reservoirs at all levels also can be provided with the corresponding hydroelectric power stations, and the dead water quantity in the water reservoir at this level is utilized to carry out power generation. The dead water quantity of the water reservoir is developed and utilized to carry out the power generation, which not only can increase the power generation capacity and obtain cheap electric energy but also is beneficial to flood prevention and disaster reduction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water power hydraulic engineering field, particularly the development and use of dead water quantity of water reservoir.
Background technology
Reservoir design level of dead water is claimed the level of dead water that generates electricity again, and the water yield below the level of dead water is called dead water quantity of water.Because power station related facility and equipment will be damaged with the dead water quantity of water generating of reservoir in the power station at the corresponding levels of reservoir, therefore, satisfy certainly from the power station generating trial run conditional request, dead water quantity of water is just put aside as useless between level of dead water and bottom of the reservior always.Dead water quantity of water always all is notion in textbook, in the design of power station, can, also can not count the utilization of dead water quantity of water, is not provided with especially and satisfies the function facility that utilizes dead water quantity of water.
In dry season, generally speaking, basins at different levels are natural comes discharge all very little, causes a lot of power stations to exert oneself very little.As long as but built up two or more reservoirs and supporting power station thereof in a basin; Each power station is an independent engineering no longer just; Though the dead water quantity of water in the reservoir can not be used for power station at the corresponding levels generating, the supporting power station of its each reservoir of downstream can both rely on its generating.Simultaneously; In a planned way the dead water quantity of water in the upper pond is bled off a part in advance in dry season; Can increase the storage capacity of reservoir, improve the ability of regulating and storing of reservoir, can strengthen the peak clipping dynamics in flood season; It is following that the flood control and disaster reduction effect of hope will be satisfied people's wish, thereby the development and use of dead water quantity of water reservoir have great significance.
With Upper Yangtze River basin 1954 (in 119 years of hydrological data historical record are arranged, the time that annual runoff is maximum) annual runoff 5751 billion cubic meters is example, for the three gorges hydropower plant generating, uses discharge 20000m with 22 unit generations of the three gorges hydropower plant
3/ s counts, and needs generating water supply volume 6300 billion cubic meters year, and the water supply volume of generating electricity in the difference explanation year of the two also exists more than breach 500 billion cubic meters; Under the situation without the dead water quantity of water generating, breach will be bigger.The development and use of this explanation dead water quantity of water have objective needs, promise well.
For flood control, be example with Upper Yangtze River basin annual runoff 5751 hundred million cubic meters in 1954 equally, when the Three Gorges Reservoir frequency is to meet when adding 10% historical recurrence interval flood and taking place Three Gorges Reservoir letdown flow 101500m in 10000 years one
3/ s causes destructive disaster must for each department, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, even under the condition of flood-diversion areas such as Jingjiang, Honghu all one's effort flood diversion, also be like this; Development and use dead water quantity of water reservoir, the corresponding actual dead water quantity of water that utilizes are that the form with Ge Zhou Ba and above relevant plant generator water supply volume flows out, and can provide more condition to guarantee for accomplishing year flood control savings storage capacity plan target.What is more important; In the basin; Under the acting in conjunction of storage capacity was regulated and stored in time and space, flood control savings space, reservoir design, preventing to form historical recurrence interval extraodinary flood will come true, and only had historical recurrence interval extraodinary flood sign from now on but flood can not take place; Being far from being especially has devastating disaster, thereby dead water quantity of water reservoir is used with huge without contrast.
All the time, people ignore the effect of dead water quantity of water, and on the one hand, the generating water supply volume of corresponding dead water quantity of water has been lost as abandoning current, on the other hand, corresponding dead water quantity of water abandon the chief component of the water yield as flood, aggravated the harm of historical recurrence interval flood again.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to fill up the blank of prior art, a kind of method that develops the dead water quantity of water reservoir generating is provided, to increase generated energy and flood control and disaster reduction.
The method of development and use dead water quantity of water reservoir generating according to the invention, operation below adopting:
(1) in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the, select a reservoir to deposit between the water level with design at least at its design level of dead water, be provided with at least one the dead water quantity of water in this reservoir caused the water channel of lower storage basin;
(2) in each stagnant water road, be provided with respectively and open and close independently Service gate and open and close independently Emergency Gate or shared Emergency Gate:
(3) be used to dead water quantity of water generating with the supporting power station of lower storage basin from upper pond.
In order to help increasing electric weight; In the same basin; Utilize the order of dead water quantity of water generating to be with the supporting power station of lower storage basin: with the altimeter of reservoir; To low, promptly the power station utilizes the order of dead water quantity of water generating to be followed successively by from height: the power station of N-1 level reservoir, the power station of N-2 level reservoir ..., the 1st grade of reservoir the power station.
The method of the invention also can be utilized the power station of the dead water quantity of water generating in the reservoir at the corresponding levels at least one the reservoir setting in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the; Part dead water quantity of water in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the is caused the generating of said power station through the stagnant water road, and the dead water quantity of water that let out down the generating back is used for all the power station generatings of its downstream.Like this, the reservoir in the basin is provided with corresponding power station as required on the one hand, utilizes the dead water quantity of water generating in the reservoir at the corresponding levels; On the other hand, the part dead water quantity of water in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the is caused lower storage basin through water channel and be used for all power station generatings supporting with lower storage basin.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, in dry season, the dead water quantity of water that upper pond provides generates electricity with it by all power stations, its downstream, and can improve because of natural and come the water yield very little, and the existing situation that electrical network water power ratio is low, scheduling underaction, power supply quality and electric weight are difficult to guarantee.The dead water quantity of water electric weight has 30 (resource energy consumption, pollutant emission, engineering measure expense are near zero) characteristics, and in comprising all power supplys of wind-powered electricity generation, solar-electricity, the cost of dead water quantity of water power supply is minimum, the most economical.Along with moving down of dead water quantity of water electric weight center of production, part is seen the electric weight change off and is sent electricity into sending water, and seeing electric weight off is increasing, and sees distance, cost off in continuous minimizing, does not tie up railway, highway, water transportation with the stream of people, logistics, or the like.
2, still be example with the Yangtze river basin.Safe operation water level in each department, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River is a bottleneck; The safe flood discharge capacity of Jingjiang section is another bottleneck, and they all are the impassable bottlenecks of middle and lower reaches each department safety flood passage all the time; And existing flood control resource is expanded and has been integrated in the development and use of dead water quantity of water; Improved the flood control condition, improved the basin flood control capacity, found new approach for seeking to remove bottleneck; It is the flood control method that a cover is faced nature, done things by following nature, and has set up a new Theory Fulcrums for the basin flood control removes calamity.Natural to come the most withered amount of water be 3560m to Upper Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Reservoir design target
3/ s, in fact occurring on March 8th, 1979 the most withered flow is 2270m
3/ s, on the whole, if we are to be several times as much as 3560m
3/ s flow is supplied with dead water quantity of water to its downstream; Optionally, respectively 3, by the end of May, outside storage capacity is regulated and stored in the reservoir design, accomplish flood control savings storage capacity plan target; It means that the part that major flood season just might take place comes the water yield; In, before upper reaches major flood season arrives, promptly respectively 3, by the end of May before, safety flows out the middle and lower reaches each department.The storage capacity of regulating and storing, flood control at the upper reaches, Three Gorges, middle reaches multi-reservoir are laid under the acting in conjunction of storage capacity, under the condition of closing Jingjiang, flood-diversion area, Honghu, and have the ability equally fully reply middle reaches, the upper reaches, the basin type flood of historical recurrence interval.
3, obviously improve navigation condition.22 unit generations in power station, Three Gorges are used discharge 20000m
3About/s, even flood discharge is arranged, as long as be controlled at corresponding Zhicheng flow 56700m
3In/the s, the water transport safety of the Yangtze river basin, water transport ability all are guaranteed.The water transportation cost is lower by 37% than railway, and transport capacity is equivalent to 40 railways on the Yangtze River Water, satisfies the Three Gorges Ship Lock navigation condition, realizes the target of round-the-clock navigation, has ensured the capacity of 40 railways from Chongqing to Shanghai exactly.The utilization of dead water quantity of water is the basis of realizing round-the-clock navigation, has increased withered phase navigation discharge on the one hand, and the corresponding again on the other hand navigation discharge in flood season that reduced increases with the reduction navigation discharge and can both obtain the effect of improving navigation condition.Use discharge to be example with the Changjiang river navigation engineering, the construction of Three Gorges Projects can be with withered phase navigation discharge 3560m
3/ s brings up to 5000m
3/ s, this is the design target of Three Gorges navigation engineering; After counting dead water quantity of water, withered phase navigation discharge can be by 3560m
3/ s brings up to 10000m
3More than/the s.
4, can be the environment-friendly engineering support of providing with funds.The development and use of dead water quantity of water have huge annual income, can guarantee to plan as a whole year by year the desilting engineering cost; In conjunction with also field, the afforestation of desilting engineering with making; Can plan as a whole to solve the reservoir desilting engineering Source of Funds in radial-flow type power station, prolong its application life, improve its benefit.Because from now on, as building large water conservancy hydroelectric engineering, dropping into a huge sum of money completion desilting engineering is the fact that can't avoid.In essence, this common investment behavior of enterprise and the practice of investing water conservancy and hydropower in the past, its purpose and interests also are basically identicals.
5, can the ability of ploughing be returned in the water power hydraulic engineering and be converted into land resources.After dam site downstream subductions calamity task obtained implementing, except can reducing probability because of flood generation secondary disaster, grade, improvement project scale, its littoral farmland was with therefore being protected naturally.Still be example with the Yangtze river basin, moreover, a large amount of seashores can develop; The only over thousands of kilometer of all backwater of reservoir line length overalls; And dam site downstream length overall reaches hundreds thousand of kilometers, and the condition that can open up wasteland the arable land is good, chance is many, quantity is big, closes Jingjiang, flood-diversion area, Honghu; Can practice thrift and plough 1,870,000 mu, be exactly a good illustration.
6, because of the development and use of upper pond, dead water quantity of water reservoir at the corresponding levels and the change of the upper pond method of operation in flood season; At the corresponding levels and can corresponding minimizing design flood with lower storage reservoir, therefore dwindle its release floodwatering facility scale, and can reduce difficulty of construction; Shorten the construction period, reduce construction investment with correspondence.At major flood season, to the greatest extent it provides the generating water supply volume in the power station to leading reservoir downstream, promptly when upland water amount during more than or equal to this plant generator water supply volume, should generate electricity at full capacity; When upland water amount during less than this plant generator water supply volume, the water yield is exceeded since the unit generation; Come the water yield very little, when unit can not generate electricity, also the power station provided the generating water supply volume downstream.Make every effort to unified and arrange all reservoir filling opportunitys and appropriateness in advance; Make that all reservoir legal persons can both make one's wish fulfilled in the basin---accomplish annual reservoir filling plan; Especially height above sea level, leading reservoir that storage capacity is big; And the part reservoir also has a little water of abandoning in retaining latter stage, and so, change year, the necessity of the existing method of operation of carry-over storage, importance just seem especially outstanding.
7, dead water quantity of water can also be the water source of irrigation water, and from farmland irrigation water and say its opportunity, dead water quantity of water all is that irrigation water water source, water yield reliable conditions guarantee.With dead water quantity of water is the same as the generating water supply volume, dead water quantity of water is both the effective measures of implementing flood control savings storage capacity as irrigation water capacity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 grade of schematic layout pattern to N level reservoir in the basin;
Fig. 2 is a kind of enforcement sketch map of the method for development and use dead water quantity of water reservoir generating according to the invention.
Among the figure, 1-water channel, 2-Service gate, 3-Emergency Gate, 4--power station, 5-delivery port, 6 connection holes, 7-gate shaft, the total derivation conduit of 8-.
The specific embodiment
In the present embodiment, said river basin planning N level reservoir, 1 grade of layout to N level reservoir is seen Fig. 1.The design parameters of this basin N-4 level reservoir is following: normal pool level is 2800 meters for
; Flood level
is 2801 meters; Check flood level is 2803 meters for
; Level of dead water
is 2700 meters, and alluvial water level
is 2480 meters.The control that influenced by hydraulic turbine design productive head luffing, the dead water quantity of water that does not utilize with the supporting power station of N-4 level reservoir is 5,000,000,000 m
3(dead water quantity of water V1=36 hundred million m between the 2600-2700 rice wherein
3, dead water quantity of water V2=14 hundred million m between the 2500-2600 rice
3) (see figure 2).Generating diversion system, the flood discharging tunnel of this N-4 level reservoir are arranged in right bank, and left and right banks is respectively arranged a Diversion Tunnel.
The technical scheme (see figure 2) that present embodiment develops said N-4 dead water quantity of water reservoir generating is following:
1, water channel 1-1, water channel 1-2 and the connection hole 6 thereof that is communicated with gate shaft 7 is set respectively on 2585 meters, 2485 meters elevations;
2, set up new power station 4, utilize water channel 1-1 that the part dead water quantity of water of N-4 level reservoir is caused power station 4 generatings;
3, on the shared water channel of water channel 1-1 and water channel 1-2, set out the mouth of a river 5, the part dead water quantity of water of N-4 level reservoir is caused its downstream.
4, at the intake place of water channel 1-1, water channel 1-2 Service gate 2-1, Service gate 2-2 are set respectively; Water inlet end at total derivation conduit 8 is provided with shared Emergency Gate 3, Service gate 2-1, Service gate 2-2 and Emergency Gate 3 designs quiet, start building to do head and be respectively:
Service gate 2-1 designs 218 meters of quiet working heads, and moving water opens and closes 115 meters of working heads; N-4 level reservoir moves to 2700 meters of level of dead waters of generating and when following, satisfies the condition that the moving water of Service gate 2-1 opens and closes.
Service gate 2-2 designs 318 meters of quiet working heads, and moving water opens and closes 115 meters of working heads; N-4 level reservoir moves to 2600 meters of level of dead waters of generating and when following, satisfies the condition that the moving water of Service gate 2-2 opens and closes.
The quiet working head of Emergency Gate 3 design, to start building to do head identical with Service gate 2-2.
So far, N-4 level reservoir 2500-2700 rice 5,000,000,000 m
3Dead water quantity of water all can obtain respectively utilizing.Wherein, 36 billion cubic meter dead water quantity of water are used for the corresponding levels and lower station generating, and 14 billion cubic meters are used for the lower station generating.
Claims (2)
1. develop the method for dead water quantity of water reservoir generating, it is characterized in that operation as follows:
1. in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the, select a reservoir to deposit between the water level with design at least at its design level of dead water, be provided with at least one the dead water quantity of water in this reservoir caused the water channel (1) of lower storage basin;
2. in each water channel, be provided with respectively and open and close independently Service gate (2) and open and close independently Emergency Gate (3) or shared Emergency Gate (3);
3. at least one the reservoir setting in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the is utilized the power station (4) of the dead water quantity of water generating in the reservoir at the corresponding levels, and the part dead water quantity of water in 2 grades of reservoirs of basin N to the is caused said power station (4) generating through water channel;
4. be used to generate electricity with the supporting power station of lower storage basin from the dead water quantity of water that let out down dead water quantity of water and said power station (4) generating back of upper pond.
2. the method for development and use dead water quantity of water reservoir generating according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in the same basin, utilize the order of dead water quantity of water generating to be followed successively by with the supporting power station of lower storage basin: the power station of N-1 level reservoir, the power station of N-2 level reservoir ..., the 1st grade of reservoir the power station.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101643996A CN101654910B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Method for power generation by developing and utilizing dead water quantity of water reservoir |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101643996A CN101654910B (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2009-09-11 | Method for power generation by developing and utilizing dead water quantity of water reservoir |
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| CN101654910A CN101654910A (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN101654910B true CN101654910B (en) | 2012-08-15 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105544479A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-05-04 | 李宏江 | Device for overcoming water source shortage of hydraulic power station and increasing benefits of hydraulic power station |
| CN104612111A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-05-13 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for increasing regulation storage and generating compensation benefits of high-dam leading reservoir |
| CN111445061B (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2022-07-19 | 华中科技大学 | Determination method for year-end fluctuating level of regulated reservoir by considering incoming flow frequency difference |
| CN115434291A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-12-06 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Pumped storage system coupled with solid gravity energy storage and energy expansion method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103315A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1987-11-04 | 杨超 | Multi-stage hydraulic electrogenerating method |
| CN1932163A (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2007-03-21 | 彭明山 | Stepped hydraulic electrogenerating station |
-
2009
- 2009-09-11 CN CN2009101643996A patent/CN101654910B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103315A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1987-11-04 | 杨超 | Multi-stage hydraulic electrogenerating method |
| CN1932163A (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2007-03-21 | 彭明山 | Stepped hydraulic electrogenerating station |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 温立成.城市水源水库死库容调度运用研究.《北京水利》.2004,第4卷20、21. * |
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