CN101652552A - Determine the method for particle emission in the I. C. engine exhaust stream - Google Patents
Determine the method for particle emission in the I. C. engine exhaust stream Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
- F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1466—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a soot concentration or content
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1466—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a soot concentration or content
- F02D41/1467—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a soot concentration or content with determination means using an estimation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Determine to enter the method for particulate in the particulate filter that is arranged in the I. C. engine exhaust stream, it can determine the quality of deposited particles by considering particulate and nitrogen oxides emission.This may further comprise the steps: the roadability figure according to described motor prepares to discharge model; Actual particle emission between fixing or variable measurement zone in the measurement blast air and between described measurement zone in particle emission is carried out integration; Desirable particle emission in calculating between described measurement zone by described discharging model and between described measurement zone in desirable particle emission is carried out integration; Actual particle emission that relatively records and the desirable particle emission that calculates; Determine modifying factor according to the actual particle emission that records and the difference of the desirable particle emission that calculates; When determining desirable particle emission, described discharging model considering described modifying factor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for particle emission in a kind of definite I. C. engine exhaust stream.In addition, the invention still further relates to the deposited particles method for quality of the particulate filter of determining to be arranged in I. C. engine exhaust stream.The invention still further relates to by preferably controlling the method for exhaust gas treatment device, especially particulate filter regeneration based on the computer model of performance plot, wherein treatment device is divided at least two and preferably five unit, and set up the deposition load of each unit by sedimentation model, and start the regenerative process of treatment device according to the deposition load.
Background technique
In order to realize effective particulate filter regeneration, must as far as possible accurately know the deposition load condition or the particle emission state of particulate filter.A kind of method that how to start regeneration (according to the deposition load condition of particulate filter with such as other parameter of time or travel distance) has for example been described among DE199 45 372 A1.
The known deposition load condition of determining particulate filter by measurement pressure reduction.But since the suitable inaccuracy of this measurement, the also known estimated quality of except pressure reduction, considering to be accumulated in the particulate in the particulate filter.
For this purpose, knownly from comprise roadability figure, estimate particle emission such as the motor service data of engine speed, moment of torsion etc.Also knownly determine instantaneous discharging according to steady-state characteristic figure and the survey data such as λ value or exhaust gas recirculation rate that records in addition.Such performance plot is based on ideal engine.Can not consider because the deviation of the ideal engine discharging of storing in aging and/or real engine discharging that component tolerance causes and the performance plot.
The measuring system of known continuous monitoring particle emission, but their are expensive and be easy to wearing and tearing and break down.For example DE101 24 235 A1 have described the method and apparatus that is used for characterizing comprehensively and monitor exhaust and is used for engine control, wherein detect and characterize solid and fluid fine particle simultaneously or short delay is arranged.This method is based on being used singly or in combination laser induced Raman scattering (Laser-induced Ramanscattering), laser induced decomposed spectrum method (laser-induced Breakdown spectroscopy), laser induced ionization method (laser-induced ionisationscopy), laser induced atomic fluorescence spectrometry (laser-induced atomic fluorescence spectroscopy), IR-/VIS-/UV absorption spectroscopy (IR-/VIS-/UV-laser absorption spectroscopy) and laser induced incandescent technology (laser-induced in-candescence technology).Determine that accurately sensing and control system that particle emission is required are very complicated, make that the mass production applications of this system is relatively costly.
Because do not consider the oxidation affects of nitrogen oxides to charcoal cigarette particulate, the known deposition load model that is used for particulate filter has only been described truth charcoal cigarette deficiently.Estimation to the particle mass in the particulate filter is only ignored gathering of nitrogen oxides and their activity according to the particulate that exists in the outlet pipe, can produce serious deviation.In sum, the particle mass that accumulates in the particulate filter can be caused higher filter regeneration cycle quantity and therefore cause higher oil consumption by overestimate.
Be arranged in particulate filter, especially " wall stream " type filter of I. C. engine exhaust stream, if load has a lot of inflammable particulates just must regenerate.In order to realize effective particulate filter regeneration, need accurately know the deposition load condition.For example DE 199 45 372 A1 have described a kind of method that is used for according to particulate filter deposition load condition and other parameter startup regeneration such as time and travel distance.
Knownly determine that by measuring pressure reduction particulate filter deposits load condition.But since the suitable inaccuracy of this measurement, the well-known estimated quality of except pressure reduction, also considering to be accumulated in particulate in the filter.Knownly for this reason from comprise process characterization diagram, estimate particle emission such as the motor service data of engine speed, moment of torsion etc.
Some known methods have only been considered the particle mass accumulated in the filter, and have ignored the distribution of this quality in the filter inboard.Like this only considered particle mass but the method for not considering its distribution can be described as particulate filter " zero size " model.
Learn a kind of improved method from DE102 52 732 A1, wherein use the one-dimensional model of particulate space distribution in the filter to improve the accuracy of determining the deposition load.The method that is disclosed in the disclosure text only adopts Particle Distribution in order to calculate modifying factor from the flow resistance of the particulate filter that deposited load improved determined, but this factor helps definite more accurately particle mass.This modifying factor is used to revise some characteristic quantity of the particulate filter that obtains by the pressure and temperature sensor, and the accuracy of deposition load is determined in therefore final raising.Therefore the deposition load that causes the regeneration startup is determined by pressure transducer usually.
People such as Holger H ü doctor lser are at MTZ 1/2003, the paper of volume 64, the 30-37 pages or leaves " can be reformed the electronics of motor development " (" Elektronik
Innovationen in derMotorenentwicklung ") in a kind of computation model has been proposed, the deposition load condition that it is subdivided into exhaust gas treatment device a plurality of unit and determines each unit by sedimentation model.In a single day the deposition load condition is determined, only needs just start when surpassing some critical limit the effective regeneration of particulate filter.With only compare according to tonometric particulate filter system, this situation needs the regenerative cycle of lesser amt.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid these shortcomings and a kind of method of accurately estimating particle emission in the I. C. engine exhaust stream with plain mode is provided.Another object of the present invention is that a kind of estimation according to the nitrogen oxides that exists in the exhaust improves the estimation to deposited particles in the particulate filter.Another purpose again of the present invention is further to improve the management of particulate filter regeneration according to computation model
The present invention can realize these targets by following steps:
-prepare to discharge model according to the roadability figure of motor;
-measure the actual particle emission in the blast air and in this interval of measurement, particle emission is carried out integration between fixing or variable measurement zone;
-by desirable particle emission interior between discharging model calculating measurement zone and between this measurement zone desirable particle emission is carried out integration;
-actual particle emission that relatively records and the desirable particle emission that calculates;
-determine modifying factor according to the actual particle emission that records and the difference of the desirable particle emission that calculates;
-when determining desirable particle emission, the discharging model considering this modifying factor.
During the method according to this invention has proposed the integration particle sensor measured from the discharging of setting up according to the discharging model of performance plot carry out integration and with measured value relatively.If difference is arranged, thereby the discharging that then will determine according to the model of performance plot and the factor multiply each other and reduce this difference.
In a simple variation of the present invention, all operating points of internal-combustion engine are selected an identical modifying factor.Under the simplest situation, modifying factor may be selected to be desirable to measuring the inverse of discharging ratio.If modifying factor only has little variation especially favourable to eliminate the fluctuation meeting between each is measured.
For this reason, can be like this: present modifying factor f_K calculates by following formula with preceding value and the actual ratio soot_ratio with the desirable particle emission that calculates that record of modifying factor f_K_alt:
f_K＝f1*f_K_alt+(1-f1)/soot_ratio
Wherein the value of coefficient f1 is between 0 to 1, and preferably between 0.85 to 0.95.Cause than mistake for fear of measuring owing to mistake, it is favourable only just using this correction at it in a certain zone of reasonableness.
If select different modifying factors can obtain more accurate result to different operation areas, different modifying factors is advantageously determined according to revising performance plot.Determine that modifying factor is especially favourable if consider the frequency distribution of internal combustion engine operation state.The bar chart that writes down the frequency in some moment of torsion and engine speed interval through the path of different running statees along with motor forms the basis of determining modifying factor.
Desirablely be, measure that its measurement is also carried out integration to the particle emission of (for example a few minutes) between an extended period by at least one particle sensor.Such integrator sensor is for example known among the WO03/006976A2.
The estimation of the particle emission of improved internal-combustion engine can allow determining of improved particulate filter deposition load.Knowing and can allowing better of improved deposition load to particulate filter starts regeneration at the regeneration of target, and this is because can reduce the safe clearance that prevents to be subjected to the overload filter of heat damage when regeneration.Therefore, can significantly reduce the additional oil consumption that the regeneration owing to diesel particulate filter causes.
Therefore method of the present invention can be improved the estimation of particle emission.For exhaust-gas treatment system, especially the wall-flow type particulate filter of can regenerating as required, be very important about the details of particle emission.Combining meeting with the suitable deposition load model that is used for particulate filter reduces regeneration frequency significantly.The software that this method of the present invention can be used as in the control unit of engine is realized.
The improvement of the particulate of deposition is estimated especially can realize by following steps in the particulate filter:
-prepare preferably discharging model according to the particulate matter of performance plot;
-prepare at least one, preferably based on the nitrogen oxides emission model of performance plot;
-prepare preferably model according to the oxidized nitrogen oxidation of charcoal cigarette particulate of temperature;
-determine the theoretical particle mass and/or the particle concentration of at least one operating point with described particle emission model;
-determine the nitrogen oxides of at least one operating point with described nitrogen oxides emission model;
-determine the negative equivalent particle mass and/or the concentration of the nitrogen oxides determined with the model of the oxidized nitrogen oxidation of described charcoal cigarette particulate how describedly;
-determine effective particle mass and/or concentration with the discharging model of described particulate and described negative equivalent particle mass and/or concentration; And
-described effective particle mass of accumulative total and/or concentration in described particulate filter model.
The present invention considers that the charcoal cigarette particulate that is present in the exhaust is deflated simultaneous nitrogen oxides oxidation in pipe and/or the particulate filter, and does not therefore stay the fact of particulate filter.Nitrogen oxides is known as the temperature that CRT effect (cyclic regeneration cover (Trap)) also depends on particulate filter consumingly to the oxidation of particulate.In order to consider this point, if the temperature at least one position measurement particulate filter is favourable, and negative imitate particle mass mutually and/or negative equal particle concentration is determined according to the temperature of particulate filter, this temperature is preferably determined by the delivery temperature of measuring a preferable particulate filter upstream.The different temperatures that the difference that can consider particulate filter is also arranged.
By using for NO and NO
2Discharging discharging model separately based on performance plot, and by at least one operating point is determined NO and NO
2Discharging, and pass through according to NO and NO
2Effective particle mass and/or concentration are determined in discharging, can obtain the better estimation of particle deposition.So just considered such as NO or NO
2Different nitrogen oxidess to the difference of the oxidation effectiveness of charcoal cigarette particulate.
If when determining effective particle mass, considered to be present in the blast air nitrogen oxides more oxidation be present in the charcoal cigarette particulate in the blast air rather than be deposited in the particulate filter those, can realize further improvement to estimating.
Because the particle mass of imitating mutually that will bear is added on the charcoal cigarette particulate of self-discharging model, can obtain to be used for the negative value of effective particulate.Even if compare particulate a large amount of residues arranged in order to look after nitrogen oxides, be deposited on the fact that the particulate on the filter also only is removed very lentamente, can stipulate that the value of effective particle mass can not be lower than a certain limit.
Substitute the mass flow rate of composition in the exhaust, also can use the respective concentration or the volume flowrate of exhaust.
The estimation of the particle emission of improved internal-combustion engine can allow determining of improved particulate filter deposition load.Knowing and can allowing better of improved deposition load to particulate filter starts regeneration at the regeneration of target, and this is because can reduce the safe clearance that prevents to be subjected to the overload filter of heat damage when regeneration.Therefore, can significantly reduce the additional oil consumption that the regeneration owing to diesel particulate filter causes.
Method improvement of the present invention the estimation of the charcoal cigarette particle mass of deposition in the particulate filter.For exhaust-gas treatment system, especially the wall-flow type particulate filter of can regenerating as required, be very important about the details of deposited particles quality.Combining meeting with the fit algorithm that is used to start particulate filter regeneration reduces regeneration frequency significantly.The software that this method of the present invention can be used as in the control unit of engine is realized.
In order to realize the further improvement of particulate filter regeneration management, proposition is defined at least one critical value that maximum permission deposition is loaded for each unit, and the deposition load at least one unit surpasses the regenerative process that starts exhaust-gas treatment system when being correlated with critical value.Alternatively or additionally, can determine digital sedimentation state index, start regenerative process according to this sedimentation state index according to the deposition load of at least one unit.
Opposite with the known method of running particulate filter, the space uneven distribution of particulate not only is used to estimate the gross mass of deposited particles in the filter, also can directly influence the startup of particulate filter regeneration.The improvement that this regeneration starts can make the number of times of regeneration reduce, and has therefore also reduced additional oil consumption.Especially can avoid particulate filter being caused heat damage owing to the regional local superheating under especially big deposition load.
According to the present invention, determine the deposition load condition of at least two unit of particulate filter.The unit of particulate filter is not necessarily consistent with the unit of physics realization, but can limit hypothetically.In order to describe the blast air flow direction and transverse to the different units of airflow direction, the computation model of particulate filter deposition load must be an one dimension at least, promptly must represent streamwise for example and/or transverse to the length of one dimension at least of this direction.Except total particle mass, the quality that also will consider the particulate filter zones of different is to start particulate filter regeneration according to particle mass in the different units of particulate filter and their distribution.
Particulate filter preferably is divided into the unit of identical size in computation model.This can minimize calculating.Also have on the principle and can make the unit have different sizes.
In the preferred variant, the part that particle mass that sedimentation model will enter each unit is divided into the part that is deposited in the unit and leaves the unit has been proposed.The part that is deposited in each unit is mainly relevant with the deposition load condition.
According to the present invention, the corresponding critical value that can be arranged at least two unit is different, and the critical value of upstream units is preferably less than the critical value of downstream units.If the deposition of at least one unit load has surpassed corresponding critical value then has started reproducer.Also have and to draw the decision of whether regenerating from the deposition load condition of a plurality of unit.Can obtain about depositing the information of load condition from Particle Distribution in the unit of particulate filter model.With this information input calculation routine, this routine obtains the statement of relevant essential regeneration from deposition load condition and other possible data.This statement can be adopted the form of digital sedimentation state index of the emergency assessment of binary system request (be/not) or expression particulate filter regeneration.This regeneration request can be before reality triggers particulate filter regeneration combines with out of Memory such as motor or exhaust parameter in addition.
In order to obtain accurate statement about the deposition load condition of particulate filter, if at least one group of unit is limited at least two critical values, preferably first and second critical values, if and determine the sedimentation state index according to the frequency that these values surpass critical value, and it is preferably big to the influence of sedimentation state index than surpassing low critical value to surpass higher critical value, then is favourable.
If particulate is categorized into flammable and not flammable particulate, flammable and not flammable particulate is determined dividually the load of each unit, and the regeneration of particulate filter only in one or more unit because the load of combustible particle just starts when surpassing the critical value that is used for combustible particle, then be especially favourable.This has further improved the efficient of regeneration again.
In another variant of the present invention, propose in each sections as being present in the function of the nitrogen oxides amount in the blast air and/or the deposition load condition of determining as the function of micro particle filtering actuator temperature.The nitrogen oxides that will have existed in the blast air when this will consider that the very high and/or filter of the temperature of particulate filter especially has catalyst coat can reduce the fact of the particle deposition in the particulate filter considerably.Might consider that in addition nitrogen oxides is to being deposited on the influence of the particle mass on the particulate filter.The nitrogen oxides quality that obtains according to the particle mass that obtains from the particle emission model, from NOx discharging model and the temperature of particulate filter can be determined to reduce, be deposited on effective particle mass on the particulate filter by the influence according to the nitrogen oxides of temperature.
Because particulate depends on the temperature of particulate filter because of the oxidation of nitrogen oxides, so must consider the micro particle filtering actuator temperature.Temperature is lower than about 200 ℃ will can oxidation not take place because of Nox.In simple variation, in the nitrogen oxides emission model, the quality of nitrogen oxides is multiplied by the factor of the temperature that depends on particulate filter, and deducts this product from particle mass, and the result who subtracts each other is limited by only negative a little value at lower limit, thereby draws effective particle mass.This factor is zero and at high temperature is definite value that it has considered different (on average) molecular weight of nitrogen oxides and charcoal cigarette when low temperature.
Description of drawings
The present invention is now described with reference to the accompanying drawings in more detail.Shown is
Fig. 1 is a structure of implementing the system of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the relevant details of control algorithm in the control unit of engine;
Fig. 3 is the simple modifications program that is used to discharge model;
Fig. 4 is the improvement revision program that is used to discharge model;
Fig. 5 is second variant of structure of implementing the system of the inventive method;
Fig. 6 is a straightforward procedure of determining the particle deposition load;
Fig. 7 determines improving one's methods of particle deposition load;
Fig. 8 is a structure of implementing the system of the inventive method principle;
Particulate filter model on Fig. 9;
Figure 10 is the method step of variant of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the method step of the present invention's second variant;
Figure 12 is the Particle Distribution along the particulate filter flow direction; And
Figure 13 is the accumulation particle mass of each unit.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the essential structure of system: be provided with particulate filter 2 in the outlet pipe of internal-combustion engine 1.Also be provided with particle sensor 3 in the outlet pipe 5, preferably in particulate filter 2 fronts.Internal-combustion engine 1 is controlled by electronic control unit ECU.Particle sensor 2 also is connected to control unit ECU.The for example more multisensor of differential pressure pickup can also be arranged, but method of the present invention is not strict with so.
Fig. 2 shows the relevant portion of control algorithm in the internal-combustion engine control unit 4.According to the service data such as the motor of engine speed n, Engine torque M etc., conventional discharging model E M provides the ideal value m_soot (t) of the particle mass of engine emission.Should be worth input integral device I.Except the signal input port that is used for particle mass, integrator I is also had a control input end mouth.
Be provided with the control algorithm SP that is used to ask the particle sensor integration in addition.Particulate in this integration particle sensor cumulative measurement interval on the sensor.When between measurement zone, stopping, determine the gross mass m_soot_real of particulate on the sensor.Usually the integration particle sensor must be reproduced, and can not be used for further measurement at regeneration period.If therefore the control algorithm SP of integration particle sensor also has at least one other signal output except the output m_soot_real of particle mass, it indicates whether measuring fine particles is current moves (signal M_aktiv).After the regeneration, the integration particle sensor can be used for further measurement.
Signal M_aktiv is applied to the control input end mouth of integrator I.Integrator design becomes to make it mouth place in control input end to be existed the quality input signal in time period of signal M_aktiv carry out integration.When not having signal M_aktiv, be stored in integral value among the variable m_soot_ideal and with the integrator reset-to-zero.Come the existing output port that is integrator I of integral value of the discharging m_soot_ideal of self-discharging model E M.
The actual integration particle mass m_soot_real input comparator algorithm V that now will be worth and during measuring, record by the integration particle sensor.Comparator V determines to come the integration discharging of self-discharging model and the ratio soot_ratio of the actual discharge that particle sensor records now
soot_ratio＝m_soot_ideal/m_soot_real。
Other mathematical operation with the deviation of the ideal discharging that obtains by the discharging model also is fine such as the description actual discharge of calculating relative mistake, and is covered by method of the present invention.
Now another that with deviate, promptly is preferably that soot_ratio input is used to revise discharging model E M calculated anti-MK.There is the multiple possibility that is used to revise the discharging model, will further describes them hereinafter.
Fig. 3 represents to be used to revise the very simple program of MK.Factor f_K derives from deviation soot_ratio, and multiplies each other with the output m_soot_roh (t) of emission performance figure.Therefore the estimation particle emission of every correction in time t is provided by following formula:
m_soot(t)＝m_soot_roh(t)*f_K。
Under simple scenario, modifying factor is provided by the reciprocal value of estimating and measure the ratio soot_ratio between the discharging:
f_K＝1/soot_ratio＝m_soot_real/m_soot_ideal。
If but only change to eliminate fluctuation based on the modifying factor of soot_ratio a little for each measured value is particularly favourable.The value of last f_K of storage in variable f_K_alt for this reason, and it is definite by following equation to be used for the new value f_K of soot_ratio of the change that newly recorded by the integration particle sensor:
f_K＝f1*f_K_alt+(1-f1)/soot_ratio，
Wherein f1 is the factor between 0 to 1, preferably between 0.85 to 0.95.When representing the measuring fine particles loop termination, each signal M_aktiv recomputates this modifying factor.
In addition, if only soot_ratio be positioned at value that a certain truthlikeness interval just changes f_K to avoid because wrong to measure what produce be favourable than mistake.The limit in truthlikeness interval depends on the accuracy of measurement of integration particle sensor, and 0.5 and 2 value is favourable.
Fig. 4 shows and revises improving one's methods of discharging model E M.Improved method can be depending on running state, is the hypothesis of engine operation point based on deviation between the discharging of the discharging of the ideal engine that embodies among the emission performance figure and real engine.Owing to this reason, use and revise the identical factor that performance plot KK replacement is used for all operating points, this figure comprises the modifying factor that depends on specific run point.In order to determine particle emission m_soot (t), come the value m_soot_roh (t) of self-discharging model to be multiplied by from revising performance plot KK modifying factor that obtain, that be used for given operating point.In this case, have and discharge the identical inependent mode of model E M if revise performance plot KK, for example engine speed n and Engine torque M then can be more favourable.But the correction performance plot limits also with the few inependent mode of brake specific exhaust emission performance plot quantity and is fine.
Now will explain determining: when the integration particle sensor is measured (signal M_aktiv) according to the modifying factor of operating point, from another performance plot H (" bar chart ") again determine the integration particle sensor measure during the relative frequency performance plot of engine operation point, described performance plot H limits with the inependent mode identical with revising performance plot KK.In preferred variants, correction figure KK and bar chart H limit with inependent mode engine speed and moment of torsion.Axis is subdivided into the speed length of interval of Δ n and the moment of torsion length of interval of Δ m, and for example the 100rpm of speed n is interval and the moment of torsion interval of 5% width of maximum engine torque M.Also therefore sampled point quantity is identical to revise the grid quantity of scheming KK and bar chart H.
Interval at a fixed time Δ t, for example every 20ms during the measurement of integration particle sensor, determines to comprise the grid of this engine operation point.(n M) increases by 1 to the frequency values H_abs of corresponding grid.When having stopped during the measurement of integration particle sensor, by with absolute frequency value H_abs (n, M) divided by with Δ t be the relative frequency value H_rel that calculates endurance during the measurement of unit each grid (n, M).
After during measuring, stopping, calculate modifying factor f_K from following equation:
f_K＝1/soot_ratio＝m_soot_real/m_soot_ideal
And (n M) surpasses all grids of correction figure KK of the value (for example 0.02) of h_rel_min, revises the modifying factor of revising figure KK for the value h_rel in the corresponding grid of bar chart H.
As mentioned above, for these grids, (n, M) usable levels f_K replaces to revise factor of diagram f_K.But and it is similar to be used for the said procedure of single parameter, and (n, M) final value is stored in and comprises value f_K_alt now (n among correction_map_old M), is particularly favourable with the f_K that revises all grids of performance plot.After the integration particulate filter measure to stop, determine that (n M) surpasses the modifying factor subvalue of all grids of critical value h_rel_min (for example 0.02) for the analog value h_rel of bar chart.New modifying factor uses following equation to calculate:
f_K(n，M)＝f1*f_K_alt(n，M)+(1-f1)/soot_ratio
Wherein the value of f1 is between 0 to 1, preferably between 0.85 to 0.95.
After revising figure KK renewal, the value H_abs of bar chart (n, M) reset-to-zero.
Can in control unit of engine, realize this control program.Form also has can implement this control program in the external control device of " wagon control computer " that for example be usually used in heavy vehicle as an alternative.
If the sensor that uses can be distinguished inflammable and nonflammable particulate, then can carry out this program respectively to two kinds of particulates.
Fig. 5 shows second variant of this system construction: particulate filter 12 is positioned at the outlet pipe 15 of internal-combustion engine 11.In this variant, oxidation catalytic converter 16 is positioned at particulate filter 12 fronts, but optional.In order to determine the temperature of particulate filter 12, at least one temperature transducer 13 is set, it can be placed on particulate filter 12 fronts or back, can also be placed on oxidation transducer 16 fronts.
Internal-combustion engine is by electric control device 14 controls.Temperature transducer 13 also is connected to control gear 14.The for example more multisensor of differential pressure pickup also can be arranged, but this not that the inventive method is necessary.
Fig. 6 shows the relevant portion of the control algorithm in the engine controlling unit 14.A kind of known particle emission model E MP provides the value of the particle mass m_soot of motor 11 dischargings.Another discharging model E MNOx provides the value of the quality m_NOx of existing nitrogen oxides in the blast air that enters particulate filter 12.Under simple scenario, amount m_soot and/or m_NOx respectively give definite value, and in other variant, its value is determined as the function of the motor service data such as engine speed n and moment of torsion M from performance plot.Also can sample and comprise the more complex model of more Operational Limitss.
Use a discharging model in a special variant, it is NO (nitrous oxide) and NO
2(nitrogen dioxide) provides two magnitudes that separate, rather than a magnitude that provides for these nitrogen oxidess.
Control algorithm also comprises charcoal cigarette particulate by the MODEL C RT-M of NOx oxidation, and the nitrogen oxides oxidation is present in the factor f_CRT of the degree of the particulate in the exhaust in its definite expression particulate filter.This factor depends primarily on the temperature of particulate filter 12.For example in the temperature below 200 ℃, NOx can not carry out oxidation.
In a simple variation, MODEL C RT-M comprises the performance curve for particulate filter 12 temperature, its value when low temperature be zero and when high temperature near definite value.This definite value has been considered different (on average) molecular weight of nitrogen oxides and charcoal cigarette, and therefore corresponding to the reciprocal value of the definite NOx-charcoal cigarette ratio of test, promptly charcoal cigarette particulate just no longer is deposited on the critical value on the particulate filter on it.
The further variant of MODEL C RT-M also expands to considers that particulate filter 12 is separated into NO and NO in the different temperatures of diverse location and/or with nitrogen oxides
2
MODEL C RT-M can be used for not coated microgranules filter and the particulate filter with catalyst coat.For the particulate filter 12 with catalyst coat, factor f_CRT usually can be than the height of the not coated microgranules filter of same temperature.
By with factor f_CRT and m_NOx, promptly determine that by NOx-discharging model E MNOx the quality of nitrogen oxides multiplies each other, determine negative particulate equivalent mass, in its expression exhaust can particulate filter 12 under the fixed temperature by the quality of the charcoal cigarette particulate of NOx oxidation.
In another calculation procedure, imitate quality m_soot_neg addition by the particle mass m_soot that discharging model E MP estimates mutually with negative particulate, draw effective particle mass m_soot_eff that can be deposited on the particulate filter 12.
Now effective particle mass m_soot_eff is imported the computation model DPF-M of particulate filter.In a simple version, this model only comprises the simple integral device, and its accumulative total is deposited on the particulate on the misgivings device 12.In other variant, can use more complicated particulate filter 12 models, for example have the model of a plurality of unit on the flow direction of exhaust gases.
Fig. 7 shows the particularly advantageous variant according to the present invention: also considered the charcoal cigarette particulate that the nitrogen oxidess that exist in the outlet pipe 15 exist in the oxidation exhaust more at present rather than be deposited on the particulate filter 12 those here.According to the above computer program that is used for m_soot_eff that provides, if NOx is very high to the ratio of particulate in the exhaust, this amount even may be negative value.Even consider that NOx relatively small particle height surplus is very general in exhaust, the particulate that has been deposited on the particulate filter 12 also only can very be removed lentamente, computing unit Be is provided, and its effective particle mass that will enter the calculating of filter deposition load is restricted to only negative a little value m_soot_eff_lim.
Although above variant and illustrate the mass flow rate of exhaust gas composition also can use the respective concentration or the volume flowrate of exhaust.
Can in control unit of engine, realize this control program.Perhaps also can in the external control device of " wagon control computer " that for example be usually used in heavy vehicle, realize control program.
Method of the present invention is suitable for diesel engine and spark ignition engine.
Fig. 8 shows the structure of system roughly.Particulate filter 103 is arranged in the outlet pipe 102 of internal-combustion engine 101.Oxidation catalytic converter (not shown here) can be arranged on particulate filter 103 fronts.
Control unit of engine is expressed as CPU.According to the operating point that control unit of engine CPU determines, discharging model 105 calculates former discharging, such as NOx, HC, CO and particle emission etc.The particle emission model E MP of the estimated value of particle mass or concentration is the part of discharging model 105 in the calculating exhaust.Provide particulate filter model PF-M to be used to simulate the deposition of particulate on the particulate filter 103.If desired, discharging model 105, EMP model and particulate filter model PF-M can and revise step 108,109 and be revised by sensor 106,107.Particulate filter model PF-M determines the deposition load condition and will regenerate to require to be delivered to regeneration control unit 110, and this unit starts the regenerative process next time of particulate filter 103 by control unit of engine CPU.The data of the vehicle-state and the situation of driving are described in label 111 expressions, and these data are transfused to control unit of engine CPU.Discharging model 105, particle emission model E MP and/or particulate filter model PF-M can be included in the control unit of engine CPU.But also can or for example be usually used in realizing at least one model in the external control device of " wagon control computer " of heavy vehicle at the control unit that separates.
Fig. 9 shows the relevant portion of control unit of engine CPU inner control algorithm.A kind of known particle emission model E MP provides the value of particle mass m_soot in the exhaust or concentration.The EMP model can utilize such as the operation variable of engine speed n or moment of torsion M motor and/or be arranged in the data that the sensor 106,107 of outlet pipe provides.The volume flow of exhaust is represented by mA.
Control algorithm also comprises particulate filter model PF-M, the deposition of particulate on its simulation particulate filter 103.The model of determining the deposited particles gross mass is known in the art.Method of the present invention adopt by n imaginary unit Z1, Z2 ... the model that Zn forms, n is value 1 or more, and is preferably 4 to 8.If unit Z1, Z2 ... Zn if promptly use the one-dimensional model of particulate filter 103, then is especially favourable along the flow direction alignment of exhaust.
Unit Z1, Z2 ... Zn can simulate particulate filter 103 sections with different length, if but each unit Z1, Z2 ... particulate filter 103 sections that the Zn simulation has an equal length, then calculating can be especially simple.
From unit Z1, the Z2 of particulate filter model PF-M ... the Particle Distribution of Zn is inferred the information BZ about the deposition load condition, as hereinafter being explained in more detail.Will be about the information BZ input calculation routine R_ANF of deposition load condition, it is from BZ and may determine the request ANF of regeneration of particle filters 103 from other data.As can be known, request ANF may be expressed as the digital sedimentation state index of the emergency assessment of binary system (being/deny) request or expression particulate filter regeneration from document.
As the present technique field was also known, request ANF can combine with out of Memory regenerating in further calculation routine (not shown here) before the regeneration of its actual triggering particulate filter 103.
Figure 10 shows the model PF-M of particulate filter 103.N unit Z1, Z2 ... among the unit i among the Zn, deposit particle mass m_i, i.e. m_1 among the first module Z1, m_2 etc. among the second unit Z2.Calculate simple algorithm that particulate distributes on unit Z1, Z2...Zn each unit Z1, Z2 of arriving model PF-M ... the particle mass m_i_ein of the ingress of Zn is divided into two component m_i_par and m_i_trans.Here m_i_par is parallel to the particulate part that the flow direction 112 of exhaust moves, and moves and be deposited on the part on particulate filter 103 walls and m_i_trans represents direction 112 transverse to blast air.For each unit Z1, Z2 ... Zn is suitable for following equation:
m_i_ein＝m_i_trans+m_i_par。
On the other hand, parallel and the outlet pipe particle mass m_i_par that shifts out unit Zi equal to arrive unit Z1, Z2 ... the particle mass of the ingress of next unit i+1 among the Zn.Therefore
m_(i+1)_ein＝m_i_par。
Arrive total particle mass of first module Z1 ingress:
m_1_ein＝m_soot。
In addition, can suppose that wall flow particulate filter device will almost completely remove particulate from exhaust, promptly in the end the outlet port of unit no longer includes the parallel particulate that transmits with flow direction:
m_n_par≈0。
By with cross stream component m_i_trans to time integral obtain being deposited on each unit Z 1, Z2 ... the quality m_i in the Zn.
Advantageously the division that m_i_ein is divided into two component m_i_par and m_i_trans has been described, each unit difference of this factor pair by factor f_i:
m_i_par＝f_i*m_i_ein
And
m_i_trans＝(1-f_i)*m_i_ein。
Since as mentioned above, no longer flow out particulate at the particulate filter end, then have the following city that concerns:
f_1*f_2*...*f_n≈0。
As can be known, the particle deposition on the filter wall increases along with the v_i_trans of local velocity that flows through wall from document.Therefore the quadratic expression calculated factor f_i by v_i_trans is favourable:
1-f_i＝f+g*v_i_trans+h*(v_i_trans)2。
By method known in the document, can obtain speed v _ i_trans from particulate filter front exhaust flow velocity with from the resistance that opposing flows through the wall of each unit, this resistance depends on the particle mass m_i that has been deposited on unit Zi again.
Being to be understood that also to have more complicated relation, but for the sake of clarity, no longer goes through at this.
According to the deposition load condition of the particulate filter 103 that characterizes by the particle mass m_i that deposits in each unit Zi, the request of the existing exportable regeneration of particle filters 103 of calculation routine R-ANF.
In improvement, be deposited on the interior particle mass m_i of each unit Zi is assigned to unit Zi divided by particulate filter 103 volume, to obtain the particulate loading B_i of each unit Zi according to the inventive method.If the particulate loading of unit Zi exceeds critical value B_max, then request regeneration.Critical value B_max depends on pack into the mode of outlet pipe 102 of the material of particulate filter 103 and particulate filter.For the particulate filter of being made by silicon carbide (SiC) 103, maximum load preferably is favourable between 8g/l to 10g/l between 2g/l to 12g/l.
In another favourable variant, with the contrast of B_max be not that load B_i with individual unit carries out, but with a plurality of unit, for example the mean load of two or three unit is carried out.
In another variant, to the different particulate loading critical value B_max of different piece employing of particulate filter 103.Here, if critical value is low in the value at rear portion at the front portion of particulate filter 103 ratio, then be particularly favourable, this is the obstruction that may promptly cause particulate filter 103 because of its extreme high load in the front portion of particulate filter 103.
, regeneration request ANF is expressed as the digital sedimentation state index of the regeneration emergency assessment of particulate filter if not being expressed as binary system (be/not) value, if then the sedimentation state index depends on that load B_i in the particulate filter 103 is favourable above the unit Zi quantity of critical value B_max.
In this case, if the first critical value B_max_1 and the second critical value B_max_2 are arranged, preferably B_max_2 is greater than B_max_1, and is then more favourable.In improvement version according to the present invention, the sedimentation state index depends on that its load B_i surpasses the quantity of unit of the first critical value B_max_1 and the quantity that its load B_i also surpasses the unit of the second critical value B_max_2, and the quantity of unit that its load B_i surpasses the first critical value B_max_2 is bigger to the influence of sedimentation state index above the quantity of the unit Zi of the first critical value B_max_1 than its load.
In addition, particulate is divided into flammable (charcoal cigarette) and non-flammable (ash) and to calculate the load of flammable and not flammable particulate on each unit Zi respectively be favourable.
If the unit Zi of unit or par goes up the load of combustible particle and surpasses combustible particle critical value B_brennbar_max just to ask regeneration of particle filters 103 also be favourable.
Figure 11 shows another favourable variant of the present invention.When the nitrogen oxides (NOx) that allows here to exist in the blast air can reduce the very high and/or filter of particle deposition (so-called CRT effect), the especially temperature of particulate filter 103 in the particulate filter 103 considerably and has catalyst coat.
Owing to this reason, propose except particle emission model E MP, also to adopt the further model E MNOx that describes nitrogen oxides emission.This model provides the quality or the concentration value m_NOx of nitrogen oxides in the blast air, and this value can obtain as the performance plot of inependent mode from for example having engine speed n, moment of torsion M or similar Operational Limits.
Provide NOx-to influence model (NOx-MOD) in addition, it has considered that nitrogen oxides is to being deposited on the influence of particle mass on the particulate filter 103.The nitrogen oxides quality m_NOx that obtains according to the particle mass m_soot that obtains from particle emission model E MP, from NOx discharging model E MNOx and the temperature T _ PF of particulate filter, this model has been determined effective particle mass m_soot_eff, and it is owing to reduce and be deposited on the particulate filter 103 according to the influence of the nitrogen oxides of temperature.
Because NOx depends on the temperature of particulate filter 103 to the oxidation of particulate, so considered temperature T _ PF.Temperature is lower than about 200 ℃, and NOx can not carry out oxidation.
In simple embodiment, in model NOx-MOD, the quality m_Nox of nitrogen oxides is multiplied by factor f_Temp, and this factor depends on the temperature T _ PF of particulate filter; From particle mass m_soot, deduct this product, and the result who subtracts each other in lower limit to only negative a little value, draw final effective particle mass m_soot_eff.Factor f_Temp is zero and at high temperature is definite value that it has considered different (on average) molecular weight of nitrogen oxides and charcoal cigarette when low temperature.
Figure 12 illustrates load the particle mass distribution of back streamwise with respect to the position in the particulate filter takes place.Curve A be particulate record quality mp, curve B is the particle mass mp in the particulate filter that obtains from sedimentation model, particulate filter 103 has been separated into four unit.The mass accumulation mp of particulate in unit Z1, Z2, Z3, the Z4 has been shown among Figure 13.A is that the quality and the B that record are the quality that obtains from sedimentation model.Discovery record and calculated value between very consistent.
Explained method of the present invention with the mass flow rate of exhaust gas composition.Also can use the respective concentration or the volume flowrate of exhaust to substitute mass flow rate.
Claims (26)
1. be used for determining the method for I. C. engine exhaust stream particle emission, may further comprise the steps:
-prepare to discharge model according to the roadability figure of described motor;
-between fixing or variable measurement zone in the measurement blast air actual particle emission and between described measurement zone in particle emission is carried out integration;
-in calculating between described measurement zone by described discharging model desirable particle emission and between described measurement zone in desirable particle emission is carried out integration;
-actual particle emission that relatively records and the desirable particle emission that calculates;
-determine modifying factor according to the actual particle emission that records and the difference of the desirable particle emission that calculates;
-when determining desirable particle emission, described discharging model considering described modifying factor.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, all operating points of described internal-combustion engine are selected unified modifying factor.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, different modifying factors is selected in different operation areas.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, determines different modifying factors according to revising performance plot.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that, consider that different modifying factors is determined in the frequency distribution of described internal combustion engine operation point.
6. as each described method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, new modifying factor f_K from the ratio soot_ratio between previous modifying factor f_K_alt and actual that record and the desirable particle emission that calculates, use formula f_K=f1*f_K_alt+ (1-f1)/soot_ratio to calculate, in described formula, the value of coefficient f1 is between 0 to 1, and preferably between 0.85 to 0.95.
7. as each described method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, only when its value is in the truthlikeness interval, carry out described correction.
8. be used for determining to be deposited on the method for particulate loading of the particulate filter of the outlet pipe that is positioned at internal-combustion engine, may further comprise the steps:
-preferably prepare the discharging model of particulate according to roadability figure;
-prepare at least one, preferably based on the nitrogen oxides emission model of performance plot;
The model of the oxidized nitrogen oxidation of charcoal cigarette particulate of temperature is preferably depended in-preparation;
-determine the theoretical particle mass and/or the particle concentration of at least one operating point with described particle emission model;
-determine the quality and/or the concentration of the nitrogen oxides of at least one operating point with described nitrogen oxides emission model;
-determine negative equivalent particle mass and/or concentration with the model of the oxidized nitrogen oxidation of described charcoal cigarette particulate for determined nitrogen oxides quality and/or concentration in the abovementioned steps;
-determine effective particle mass and/or concentration with the discharging model of described particulate and described negative equivalent particle mass and/or concentration; And
-described effective particle mass of accumulative total and/or concentration in described particulate filter model.
9. method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, has prepared to be used for NO and NO
2The discharging model that separates based on performance plot, and determine NO and NO at least one operating point
2Discharging, and according to NO and NO
2Effective particle mass and/or concentration are determined in discharging.
10. method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that, determine described negative equivalent particle mass and/or negative equivalent particle concentration in the temperature of the described particulate filter of at least one point measurement and according to the temperature of described particulate filter, the temperature of described particulate filter preferably by measure described particulate filter preferably the delivery temperature of upstream determine.
11. as each described method in the claim 8 to 10, it is characterized in that, in order to determine described effective particle mass, considered in the described outlet pipe nitrogen oxides more oxidation be present in the charcoal cigarette particulate in the exhaust rather than be deposited on charcoal cigarette particulate in the described particulate filter.
12. method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the value of described effective particle mass is subjected to lower limit.
13. be used for controlling exhaust gas treatment device by means of preferably computation model based on performance plot, especially the method for particulate filter regeneration, the wherein said exhaust gas treatment device of performance plot is divided at least two unit and preferably at least five unit, and wherein the deposition load condition of each unit is determined by sedimentation model, and the regenerative process of described exhaust gas treatment device starts according to described deposition load condition, it is characterized in that, determine the sedimentation state index, this index is according to the deposition load condition of at least one unit, and described regenerative process refers to that according to described sedimentation state target value starts.
14. be used for controlling exhaust gas treatment device by means of preferably computation model based on performance plot, especially the method for particulate filter regeneration, the wherein said exhaust gas treatment device of performance plot is divided at least two unit and preferably at least five unit, and wherein the deposition load condition of each unit is determined by sedimentation model, and the regenerative process of described exhaust gas treatment device starts according to described deposition load condition, it is characterized in that, each unit is limited maximum at least one critical value that allows the deposition load condition, and the described deposition load condition of regeneration at least one unit starts the regenerative process of described exhaust gas treatment device when surpassing corresponding critical value.
15. as claim 13 or 14 described methods, it is characterized in that, limit at least two unit one by one at flow direction.
16., it is characterized in that described each unit is defined as at least approximately identical size as each described method in the claim 13 to 15.
17. as each described method in the claim 14 to 16, it is characterized in that, each unit be defined for maximum at least one critical value that allows the deposition load condition.
18. method as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, the critical value of at least two unit is defined as has different values, and limits the critical value of upstream units less than the critical value of downstream units.
19., it is characterized in that the deposition load condition at least one unit starts regenerative process when surpassing corresponding critical value as each described method in the claim 14 to 18.
20., it is characterized in that the deposition load condition mean value in a plurality of unit starts regenerative process when surpassing corresponding critical value as each described method in the claim 14 to 19.
21., it is characterized in that, determine the sedimentation state index according to the deposition load condition of at least one unit, and start regenerative process according to this sedimentation state index as each described method in the claim 14 to 19.
22. as claim 13 or 20 described methods, it is characterized in that, at least respectively limit two critical values for one group of unit, preferably first and second critical values, and determine the sedimentation state index according to the frequency that surpasses described critical value, preferably to hang down critical value big to the influence of sedimentation state index than surpassing to surpass higher critical value.
23., it is characterized in that the particulate loading of described exhaust gas treatment device is divided into flammable and not flammable particulate as each described method in the claim 13 to 22, and flammable and not flammable particulate determined dividually the deposition load of each unit.
24. method as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, only in one or more unit because the deposition load of combustible particle just starts the regeneration of exhaust gas treatment device when surpassing the critical value that is used for combustible particle.
25., it is characterized in that the deposition load condition of each unit is according to being present in the nitrogen oxides in the blast air and/or determining according to the temperature of exhaust gas treatment device as each described method in the claim 13 to 24.
26., it is characterized in that the particle mass that described sedimentation model will enter each unit is divided into part that is deposited in the described unit and the part that flows out described unit as the described method of claim 13 to 25.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0198604A AT413887B (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2004-11-25 | Method for confirming deposition of particulate load in particulate filter in exhaust pipe of internal combustion engine, involves considering correction factor when ideal particulate emissions are at discharge mode |
| ATA1986/2004 | 2004-11-25 | ||
| ATA2072/2004 | 2004-12-09 | ||
| AT20722004A AT501102B1 (en) | 2004-12-09 | 2004-12-09 | Exhaust emission determining process for internal combustion engine involves preparing model, measuring actual particle emissions over interval, and integrating them |
| AT0079505A AT502086B1 (en) | 2005-05-10 | 2005-05-10 | Exhaust emission determining process for internal combustion engine involves preparing model, measuring actual particle emissions over interval, and integrating them |
| ATA795/2005 | 2005-05-10 | ||
| PCT/AT2005/000416 WO2006055992A2 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-10-20 | Process for determining particle emission in the exhaust gas flow from an internal combustion engine |
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| CN201210110082.6A Division CN102787890B (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-10-20 | Method for determining particle accumulation in particle filter arranged in exhaust gas flow of internal combustion engine |
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| CN101652552A true CN101652552A (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| CN101652552B CN101652552B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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| CN2005800402831A Expired - Fee Related CN101652552B (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-10-20 | Process for determining particle emission in the exhaust fume stream from an internal combustion engine |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101652552B (en) |
| AT (1) | AT413887B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103032142A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 沃尔沃汽车公司 | Soot emission estimation method and arrangement |
| CN103930660A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-07-16 | 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 | Method and system pertaining to monitoring particle emissions in combustion engine exhausts |
| CN106194472A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2016-12-07 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For the method that motor exhaust is optimized |
| CN108457730A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-28 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | Particulate filter regeneration control system |
| CN110410186A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The detection method and system of particle object amount, storage medium and control unit |
| CN110552803A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and control unit for adjusting the filling level of a reservoir for exhaust gas constituents of a catalytic converter |
| CN111601955A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2020-08-28 | 雷诺股份公司 | Method for estimating the dilution of a fuel in the oil of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111610128A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-01 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring dust concentration at inlet of dust remover |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE602006005936D1 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2009-05-07 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Exhaust gas purification device and corresponding method and a method for measuring the particles |
| CN104832258B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-03-15 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of diesel engine particle catcher DPF carbon accumulation amount estimation methods |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5539638A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1996-07-23 | Pavilion Technologies, Inc. | Virtual emissions monitor for automobile |
| DE10014224A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2000-11-30 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system |
| DE19961159A1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-08-16 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for determining a loading state of a particle filter of an internal combustion engine |
| DE10124235B4 (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2004-08-12 | Esytec Energie- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for the comprehensive characterization and control of the exhaust gas and the control of engines, especially internal combustion engines, and of components of the exhaust gas aftertreatment |
-
2004
- 2004-11-25 AT AT0198604A patent/AT413887B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-10-20 CN CN2005800402831A patent/CN101652552B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103032142A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 沃尔沃汽车公司 | Soot emission estimation method and arrangement |
| CN103930660A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-07-16 | 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 | Method and system pertaining to monitoring particle emissions in combustion engine exhausts |
| CN106194472A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2016-12-07 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For the method that motor exhaust is optimized |
| CN106194472B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2020-11-13 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for optimizing motor emissions |
| CN111601955A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2020-08-28 | 雷诺股份公司 | Method for estimating the dilution of a fuel in the oil of an internal combustion engine |
| CN111601955B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2022-06-21 | 雷诺股份公司 | Method for estimating the dilution of a fuel in the oil of an internal combustion engine |
| CN108457730A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-28 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | Particulate filter regeneration control system |
| CN110410186A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The detection method and system of particle object amount, storage medium and control unit |
| CN110552803A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and control unit for adjusting the filling level of a reservoir for exhaust gas constituents of a catalytic converter |
| CN110552803B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2023-02-28 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for regulating the filling level of a storage device for exhaust gas components of a catalytic converter |
| CN111610128A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-01 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring dust concentration at inlet of dust remover |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA19862004A (en) | 2005-10-15 |
| CN101652552B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
| AT413887B (en) | 2006-07-15 |
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