CN101650974B - Storage device capable of self-detecting usage state and detecting method thereof - Google Patents
Storage device capable of self-detecting usage state and detecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101650974B CN101650974B CN 200810130828 CN200810130828A CN101650974B CN 101650974 B CN101650974 B CN 101650974B CN 200810130828 CN200810130828 CN 200810130828 CN 200810130828 A CN200810130828 A CN 200810130828A CN 101650974 B CN101650974 B CN 101650974B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage device capable of self-detecting a usage state and a detecting method thereof. The storage device comprises a plurality of storage areas (namely a block table), a plurality of memory blocks and a usage state detecting unit. The storage areas have a corresponding weight value respectively, and addresses of the memory blocks with the same error correct code number are placed in the same storage area; therefore, the usage state detecting unit can acquire the usage state of the storage device according to the number of the addresses of the memory blocks stored in the storage areas and the weight values corresponding to the storage areas.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of detection method of user mode, and particularly relevant for a kind of user mode detection method of storage device.
Background technology
Nonvolatile memory is under the state that electric energy is not provided; Still can store the storage data for a long time; Therefore along with the universalness of sci-tech product; The nonvolatile memory of numerous species has been used on the product miscellaneous, and for example ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), programmable read-only memory (prom), electricity are wiped and write ROM (read-only memory) (EEPROM) and flash memory (Flash Memory).In addition, also commercialization in a small amount of magnetic random access memory (MRAM), Ovonics unified memory (PRAM), strong dielectric storage nonvolatile memories such as (FeRAM).Attracting characteristics such as at present flash memory is because have shockproof, low power consumption, volume little, in light weight, and access speed is fast are so often be applied to computer equipment, the input/output of the writing system of network box, screen, storage card and computing machine for example.
In the nonvolatile memory, comprise many blocks, be used for storing the storage data like its storage area of flash memory.And these memory blocks can utilize arranged in array mode, therefore can be called the memory areas block array again, and each memory block all have the storage area of a constant volume.And because storer in operating process, can utilize and electrically reach the mechanism that writes, reads and erase, so storer has some positions to make a mistake after operation a period of time, and the position can be called as error bit and these make a mistake.In traditional technology; When in finding memory block, error bit occurring; Can utilize the mode of bit correction to come the error recovery position, and the error bit after will proofreading and correct is denoted as error correction bits or error-correcting code (Error Correct Code is called for short ECC).
Traditional memory block management method is to judge according to the number of error-correcting code in the memory block.For example flash memory is that address with its memory block is divided into normal region and anergy zone.The number of proofreading and correct unit when the error bit of judging a memory block is lower than a default value (N-Bit ECC; N is more than or equal to 1) time, can the address of this memory block be placed (as sorting out) in the normal blocks zone.By this, flash memory just can normally carry out writing and reading of data to the pairing memory block of putting down in writing in the normal block areas of memory areas block address.Relatively, the number of the error correction bits in judging a memory block is higher than default value, and the probability of representing this memory block when storage data, to make a mistake can be very high.Therefore, just the address with this memory block is placed on the anergy block areas, makes next time when storage data, the pairing memory block of memory areas block address that can not storing puts in place again puts down in writing in the anergy block areas.When the anergy block areas did not have available space, then flash memory will be lockable, and can't normally write new data.
Generally speaking, in a flash memory, there is the address of memory block the more error correction bits to occur, represents the user mode of this flash memory lower.Yet general user is the user mode information that can't obtain storage device.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of user mode detection method of storage device, can let the user understand the user mode of its storage device.
In addition, the present invention provides a kind of storage device with self-user mode measuring ability, and having a plurality of storage areas (is address table; Block table).
The present invention provides a kind of user mode detection method of storage device, is included in a plurality of memory blocks are provided in the storage device.In addition, the present invention also can provide a plurality of storage areas in storage device.Wherein, each storage area can store the address of the memory block with identical correction figure place.In addition, the present invention also can set corresponding weights to each storage area, and according to the position of the storage area at the place, address of each memory block, and the user mode of calculating storage device.
In one embodiment of this invention, calculating user mode step can comprise that the sum with the address of memory block in the storage device multiply by the highest weights, and obtains an ideal value.In addition, the number with the address of the memory block of being placed in each storage area multiply by the pairing weights in each storage area, and obtains a plurality of first sub-operation values, and all sub-operation values of totalling and obtain an actual value.By this, actual value just can be obtained user mode divided by ideal value.
In one embodiment of this invention, also can at storage device when dispatching from the factory,, obtain an initial value with the corresponding weights in storage area at its memory areas block address place to the original start value of each memory block.In addition, the number with the address of the memory block of being placed in each storage area multiply by the pairing weights in each storage area, and obtains a plurality of first sub-operation values, and all sub-operation values of totalling and obtain an actual value.By this, actual value is obtained user mode divided by initial value.
In addition, the present invention also can detect the number of times of being erased or write in the address of each memory block, and obtains a plurality of values of writing of smearing.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the step of above-mentioned acquisition user mode comprises that also the sum with the address of those memory blocks multiply by the highest weights, and multiply by default value and obtain an ideal value.When erasing or during write operation at every turn,, and obtain a plurality of record values according to the pairing weights in storage area at the place, address of each memory block.Respectively with the different recording value of the address of each memory block and totalling again after corresponding weights multiply each other, and obtain a plurality of second sub-operation values, and those second sub-operation values of totalling and obtain this actual value.By this, actual value just can be obtained the user mode of storage device divided by ideal value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned storage area has different data access right of priority, and its weights memory areas block address that high storage area places that heals has the data access right of priority that heals high.In addition, have the address of more lacking the memory block of error correction bits, can be stored in storage area with the high weight of healing.
In another embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned user mode detection method, wherein storage device is a nonvolatile memory, and this nonvolatile memory can be flash memory.
From another viewpoint, the present invention provides a kind of storage device with self-user mode measuring ability, comprises the address and the user mode detecting unit of a plurality of storage areas, a plurality of memory block, a plurality of memory blocks.The storage area has corresponding weights respectively, and memory block is in order to storage data, proofreaies and correct the address of the memory block of figure place and will be placed in the identical storage area and have same error.The user mode detecting unit calculates the user mode of storage device then according to the address number of depositing memory block in each storage area and the pairing weights in each storage area.
In an embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned storage area can be divided into an a plurality of normal storage zone and an anergy block areas.The error recovery bits number that the address had of stored memory block in the normal storage zone all is not more than a preset position.And in the anergy block areas error recovery bits number that the address had of stored memory block all greater than preset place value.Therefore the data of waiting to leave in the storage device are not considered to leave in the anergy block areas.
Because the present invention can be according in the storage area; The actual value that the corresponding weights of the number of the address of memory block and each storage area are calculated is come and initial value/ideal value compares; And calculate the user mode of storage device, let the user understand the user mode of storage device.In addition, the present invention also can detect the number of operations that writes and erase, with smear actual value that the value of writing calculates again with ideal value relatively, so the user can be through the result who calculates, the user mode of storage device when clearly understanding operation.
For let above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be more obviously understandable, hereinafter is special lifts preferred embodiment, and conjunction with figs., elaborates as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates and is a kind of storage device built-in function calcspar with user mode measuring ability according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates the flow chart of steps into a kind of user mode detection method that accordings to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A illustrates and is the error correction bits statistical graph according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 B illustrates the error correction bits statistical graph into according to the product export of a preferred embodiment of the present invention the time.
Fig. 4 illustrates and is the user mode detection method flow chart of steps according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Error correction bits statistical graph when Fig. 5 illustrates to the address function of the memory block of accordinging to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates and is a kind of storage device built-in function calcspar with user mode measuring ability according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Please with reference to Fig. 1; Storage device 100 provided by the present invention; Like a flash memory; Can comprise user mode detecting unit 102, memory block 104,106,108, a plurality of storage area 110,112,114,116,118 and 120, and the address 122,124,126,128,130,132,134,136,138 and 140 of memory block.Wherein, user mode detecting unit 102 can couple all storage areas 110,112,114,116,118 and 120.In addition, the address 122,124,126,128,130,132,134,136,138 and 140 of each memory block can be left in the corresponding storage area.
Memory block 104,106 and 108 is in order to storage data, proofreaies and correct the address of the memory block of figure place and will be placed in the identical storage area and have same error.For example, the address 122,124 and 126 of stored memory block all has 0 error correction bits in the regional block 110; And the address 128 of memory block has 1 error correction bits, so be placed in the storage area 112.The storage area then is set corresponding weights according to its different error correction bits.In the present embodiment, the lower then weights of error correction bits can be set higher, and the high more storage area of weights can have the data access right of priority that heals high.Therefore, because storage area 110 its error correction bits are minimum, therefore set its weights and can be made as the highlyest, for example be 5, and all the other by that analogy.So user mode detecting unit 102 can be according to the number of the address of depositing memory block in this storage area and pairing weights in this storage area respectively, and calculate the user mode of this storage device.
Though in the present embodiment, all there are corresponding weights each storage area, yet is not to be used for limiting the present invention.This area has common knowledge the knowledgeable when knowing that the weights of storage area can determine according to the situation of reality.
In addition, in present embodiment, the storage area can be divided into normal storage zone 110,112,114,116 and 118, and anergy block areas 120.The address of normal storage zone 110,112,114,116 and 118 its storage area storer reservoir blocks; The address 122,124,126,128,130,132,134,136,138 of memory block for example; The error recovery bits number that it had; All being not more than a default value, for example is 4.Relatively; The error recovery bits number that the address 140 of anergy block areas 120 its storage area storer reservoir blocks is had; Then greater than default value, so that wait to leave in the address 140 that data in this storage device do not consider to leave in these anergy block areas 120 storer reservoir blocks.
Fig. 2 illustrates the flow chart of steps into a kind of user mode detection method that accordings to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 3 A illustrates and is the error bit statistical form according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Please merge with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 A, when user mode detecting unit 102 will calculate the user mode of storage device, can be of step S202, calculate the ideal value of storage device user mode.The computing method of ideal value do, can the sum of the address of the memory block in the storage device be multiply by the highest weights.For example among Fig. 3 A, the address 122,124,126,128,130,132,134,136,138 of memory block and 140 add up to 10.Suppose that under desirable situation, the address of all memory blocks does not all have error correction bits.Therefore the sum with the address of all memory blocks multiply by the highest weights, for example is 5, then obtains ideal value 50.
Then carry out the calculating of user mode actual value, S204 is said like step, calculates the sub-operation values of each storage area.In the present embodiment, calculating the step of the sub-operation values of each storage area, is that the number with the address of the memory block of being placed in each storage area multiply by the respectively pairing weights in this storage area.Shown in Fig. 3 A, storage area 110 its weights hypothesis are 5, and have the address 122,124 and 126 of 3 memory blocks to store within it, so the sub-operation values of storage area 110 is 3*5=15.In addition, its weights hypothesis of storage area 112 is 4, and in the address 128 of 1 memory block is arranged, so its sub-operation values is 1*4=4.By that analogy, storage area 114,116,118 and 120 sub-operation values are respectively 6,2,2 and 0.
After having calculated the sub-operation values of each storage area, can be of step S206, all sub-operation values of totalling and obtain actual value.Therefore, after 15,4,6,2,2,0 addition of above sub-operation values, can obtain actual value is 29.Then, S208 is said like step, actual value just can be obtained the user mode of relative storage device divided by ideal value.Therefore know that from above the actual value of the storage device in the present embodiment is 29, ideal value then is 50, so the user mode of the storage device in the present embodiment is 29 ÷ 50=58%.
In addition, the user mode of device is except calculating like above-mentioned actual value and ideal value.Present embodiment also can calculate the user mode of storage device through actual value and initial value (initial value).So-called initial value can be the actual value of product when just having dispatched from the factory, because product can receive the environment or the influence of processing procedure, so initial value can be lower than ideal value.Therefore, through this storage device original start value to each memory block before dispatching from the factory, obtain an initial value with the corresponding weights in storage area at its memory areas block address place in the present embodiment, detailed description is please with reference to Fig. 3 B and following narration.Fig. 3 B illustrates the error correction bits statistical graph into according to the product export of a preferred embodiment of the present invention the time, if under the desirable situation, the address of memory block should be positioned at storage area 110 all.But because the processing procedure or the influence of environment, the address of partial memory block has the generation of error correction bits, like the address 130,132 and 140 of the memory block of Fig. 3 B.Therefore, respectively the pairing weights in storage area are multiplied by the address number of the memory block in this storage area, the value addition after all are calculated just can obtain initial value.So initial value then is 7*5+4*2+3*1=46, the user mode of storage device then can get 29 ÷ 46=63.04% for actual value divided by initial value.
It is the user mode detection method flow chart of steps according to another embodiment of the present invention that Fig. 4 illustrates, the error correction bits statistical form when Fig. 5 illustrates to the address function of the memory block of accordinging to another embodiment of the present invention.Please merge with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the user mode detection method that this enforcement provided as above as the embodiment, is calculated the ideal value of storage device user mode earlier, and is just of step S402.Ideal value calculation procedure in the present embodiment can multiply by the highest weights with the address sum of memory block in the storage device, and multiply by the number of operations default value and obtain an ideal value.Wherein, above-mentioned number of operations default value is the total number of operations that writes and erase.In present embodiment Fig. 5, storage device has address A, B, C, the D of memory block, and the address of each memory block hypothesis has total number of operations of 5 times, so the number of operations default value equals 5.In addition, the highest weight value of present embodiment is set at 5, so the ideal value of the storage device of present embodiment is 4*5*5=100.
Then like step S404, erasing or during write operation at every turn, write down the pairing weights in storage area that the address of each memory block belongs to, and obtain a plurality of record values.Below be that example is come recitation of steps S404 with the address A of memory block; The address A that supposes memory block is in nearest 5 times smearing in the write operation process; 0 the record of error correction bits is arranged respectively 2 times, and 1 time 1,2 records with 3 bit error correction positions are respectively arranged.Therefore, according to the figure place of correction bit, the address A of memory block can be stored in the storage area of correspondence when smearing write operation at every turn.Wherein, all there are corresponding weights each storage area, and present embodiment is in step S404, can be when smearing write operation at every turn, and the weights of the storage area at the address A place of memory block are noted, and as record value.Therefore, the address A of memory block is 5,5,4,3,2 smearing the record value that write operation obtains for nearest 5 times, and the record value of the address of all the other memory blocks can be by that analogy.
After the record value of the address that obtains each memory block, present embodiment can also be like step S406, and all record value totallings with the address of each memory block obtain a plurality of second sub-operator.For example, the second sub-operation values of the address A of memory block is 5+5+4+3+2=19.In addition, in the present embodiment, address B, C and the D pairing second sub-operation values of memory block is respectively 21,25 and 23.Then, present embodiment can be of step S408, with all second sub-operation values totallings, obtains actual value, just 19+21+25+23=88.At last, present embodiment such as step S410 are said, actual value just can be obtained the user mode of storage device divided by ideal value.And to shine the above-mentioned parameter that is obtained, the user mode of the storage device of present embodiment should be 88 ÷ 100=88%.
Comprehensively above-mentioned; Because the present invention can be according to the number of error correction bits in the address of memory block; Decide suitable storage area depositing the address of memory block, and corresponding weights are set in each storage area, so just can complete device for recording and storing make a mistake historical of user mode detecting unit and the address of considering memory block are under the operational circumstances that writes and erase; Situation about making a mistake, and then calculate the user mode of storage device.Therefore the present invention can be in order to address of predicting the memory block that lost efficacy and the probability that reduces the storage device inefficacy.
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Right its is not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly has the knack of this art, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; When can doing a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion with what claim defined.
Claims (13)
1. the user mode detection method of a storage device comprises the following steps:
A plurality of memory blocks are provided, in order to storage data in this storage device;
A plurality of storage areas are provided in this storage device, and feasible address with memory block of same error correction figure place is placed on same storage area;
Corresponding weights are set in each storage area; And
According to the corresponding weights in the said storage area of the number of the address of memory block in each said storage area and each, and obtain the user mode of this storage device.
2. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, has the address of more lacking the memory block of error recovery figure place, is placed in the storage area with the high weight of healing.
3. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, obtains the step of this user mode, comprises the following steps:
The sum of the address of those memory blocks multiply by the highest weights, and obtain an ideal value;
The number of the address of the memory block of being placed in each said storage area multiply by the respectively pairing weights in this storage area, and obtain a plurality of first sub-operation values;
The first sub-operation values that totalling is all and obtain an actual value; And
This actual value is obtained this user mode divided by this ideal value.
4. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, obtains the step of this user mode, comprises the following steps:
The sum of the address of those memory blocks multiply by the highest weights; And obtain an ideal value; Through in storage device original start value to each memory block before dispatching from the factory, obtain an initial value in addition with the corresponding weights in storage area at its memory areas block address place;
The number of the address of the memory block of being placed in each said storage area multiply by the respectively pairing weights in this storage area, and obtain a plurality of first sub-operation values;
The first sub-operation values that totalling is all and obtain an actual value; And
This actual value is obtained this user mode divided by this initial value.
5. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, obtains the step of this user mode, comprises the following steps:
The sum of the address of those memory blocks multiply by the highest weights; And multiply by a default value and obtain an ideal value; This default value is the total number of operations that writes and erase of the address of each memory block; Wherein, the total number of operations that writes with erase of the address of each memory block is identical;
When erase or during write operation, then write down the pairing weights in storage area at the place, address of each said memory block, and obtain a plurality of record values at every turn;
After the record value of the address that obtains each memory block, all record value totallings with the address of each memory block obtain a plurality of second sub-operation values;
Those second sub-operation values of totalling and obtain this actual value; And
This actual value is obtained this user mode divided by this ideal value.
6. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, this storage device is a nonvolatile memory.
7. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, this nonvolatile memory is a flash memory.
8. user mode detection method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, those storage areas have different data access right of priority, and high storage area has the data access right of priority that heals high and weights are healed.
9. storage device with self-user mode measuring ability comprises:
A plurality of memory blocks are in order to storage data;
A plurality of storage areas have corresponding weights respectively,
And the address with memory block of same error correction figure place is placed in the identical storage area;
One user mode detecting unit according to the number of the address of depositing memory block in each said storage area and pairing weights in this storage area respectively, and obtains the user mode of this storage device.
10. storage device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, those storage areas comprise:
A plurality of normal storage zone, and the error recovery bits number that the address had of the memory block in each said normal storage zone all is not more than a preset place value; And
One anergy block areas; And the error recovery figure place that the address had of the memory block in this anergy block areas is all greater than this preset place value, so that the data of waiting to leave in this storage device are not considered to leave in the pairing memory block of memory areas block address of record in this anergy block areas.
11. storage device as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, this preset place value is more than or equal to 1.
12., it is characterized in that this storage device is a nonvolatile memory like claim 9 or 10 described storage devices.
13. storage device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, this nonvolatile memory is a flash memory.
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| CN1499531A (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2004-05-26 | Method and device for management of data integrity in non-volatile memory system | |
| CN1882918A (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-12-20 | 桑迪士克股份有限公司 | Flash memory data correction and scrub techniques |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1499531A (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2004-05-26 | Method and device for management of data integrity in non-volatile memory system | |
| CN1882918A (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-12-20 | 桑迪士克股份有限公司 | Flash memory data correction and scrub techniques |
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