CN101648265A - Preparation method of aluminium-lithium intermediate alloys - Google Patents

Preparation method of aluminium-lithium intermediate alloys Download PDF

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CN101648265A
CN101648265A CN200910140382A CN200910140382A CN101648265A CN 101648265 A CN101648265 A CN 101648265A CN 200910140382 A CN200910140382 A CN 200910140382A CN 200910140382 A CN200910140382 A CN 200910140382A CN 101648265 A CN101648265 A CN 101648265A
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chute
smelting furnace
lithium
preparation
molten metal
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CN101648265B (en
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张林和
田岳宏
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Southwest Aluminum Group Co Ltd
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Southwest Aluminum Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of aluminium-lithium intermediate alloys, which comprises the following steps: preparing a lithium metal liquid; sending the lithium metal liquid and an aluminium metal liquid into a smelting furnace of a semicontinuous casting machine for mixing; and sending the mixed metal liquid into a crystallizer of the semicontinuous casting machine for casting ingots, wherein the magnetic density in the crystallizer is 0.01-0.05T and the casting temperature is 700-900 DEG C when casting the ingots. The lithium metal liquid and the aluminium metal liquid are together sent into the smelting furnace of the semicontinuous casting machine for mixing, and then an aluminium-lithium intermediate alloy is pulled out from the crystallizer of the semicontinuous casting machine. Under the action of a magnetic field of the crystallizer, low-frequency shock and stable circumfluence of the mixed liquid occur in, a better mixing function can be performed to the lithium metal liquid and the aluminium metal liquid, the nucleation rate is effectively improved, and the aluminium-lithium intermediate alloy with stable quality can be prepared.

Description

A kind of preparation method of aluminium lithium intermediate alloy
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy preparation method, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of aluminium lithium alloy.
Background technology
Lithium is the lightest metallic element of nature, and density only is 0.534g/cm 3, lithium metal is added in the metallic aluminium as alloying element, just formed aluminium lithium alloy.Compare with conventional aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy can also improve rigidity when reducing alloy proportion, keeps higher intensity, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and suitable ductility preferably simultaneously.
Make Boeing if adopt aluminium lithium alloy to replace the conventional aluminum alloy, aircraft weight can alleviate 14.6%, and manufacturing cost descends 2.1%.The fuel of every airplane can save 5.4%, and annual flight expense will reduce by 2.2%.Therefore, aluminium lithium alloy is considered to the optimal structural material of Aero-Space.It is reported, Alcoa, Reynolds Metals Co, Britain ALCAN(Aluminium Company of Canada, company of French Pechiney Aluminium and Russian Ural Metallurgical Factory etc. all produce the aluminium lithium alloy material in batches in commercial quantity, be used for aerospace industry.Our country also can the manufacture production application the aluminium lithium alloy material.
In the prior art, during the preparation aluminium lithium alloy, to the method for mixing is method relatively more commonly used, promptly in aluminium liquid, add the lithium metal piece, the finite concentration aluminium lithium alloy is cast in preparation then, though this method is simple, because lithium metal density is little, activity is strong, so burn out rate up between 10~18%, therefore is difficult to produce the uniform and stable aluminium lithium alloy of composition.
Chinese patent CN86108948A discloses a kind of production method of aluminium lithium intermediate alloy, adopts pure lithium chloride as electrolyte in the method, and liquid aluminium is 1.2A~3A/cm in current density as negative electrode then 2, electrolysis temperature was preparation aluminium lithium intermediate alloy under 740 ℃~850 ℃ the condition, stirred electrolyte in electrolytic process every 10 minutes.Though this method can prepare the aluminium lithium intermediate alloy of lithium content below 15%, therefore this method complicated operating process also is not easy the stable aluminium lithium intermediate alloy of preparation quality.
The inventor if after preparation lithium molten metal, this lithium molten metal is directly mixed with aluminum metal liquid, can avoid the scaling loss of lithium through discovering, then by control casting condition, the uniform aluminium lithium of prepared composition intermediate alloy.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of method that can the uniform aluminium lithium of prepared composition intermediate alloy.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminium lithium alloy, comprise step:
Preparation lithium molten metal;
The smelting furnace of described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid being sent into semicontinuous casting machine mixes;
Described mixed molten metal is sent into ingot casting in the crystallizer of semicontinuous casting machine from described smelting furnace, during ingot casting, crystallizer internal magnetic field intensity is that 0.01T~0.05T, casting temperature are 700 ℃~900 ℃.
Preferably, the casting speed during described ingot casting is 50mm/min~150mm/min.
Preferably, described preparation lithium molten metal is specially:
Adopt fused salt electrolysis process or vacuum reduction legal system to be equipped with the lithium molten metal.
Preferably, the described smelting furnace that described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid are sent into semicontinuous casting machine mixes and is specially:
Mixing arrangement mixes in the described smelting furnace by being arranged on described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid.
Preferably, described mixing arrangement comprises:
Be arranged on relative first chute and second chute in two positions in the described smelting furnace, the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the top of the discharging opening of second chute, and described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid mix in smelting furnace via first chute and second chute respectively.
Preferably, described mixing arrangement comprises:
Be arranged on relative first chute and second chute in two positions in the described smelting furnace, the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the below of the discharging opening of described second chute, and described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid mix in smelting furnace via first chute and second chute respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of semicontinuous casting machine that uses in the described preparation method of technique scheme, comprise smelting furnace and the casting station that is arranged on the smelting furnace below, is provided with mixing device in the described smelting furnace.
Preferably, described mixing device comprises relative first chute and second chute in two positions that is arranged in the described smelting furnace, and the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the below of the discharging opening of second chute.
Preferably, described smelting furnace top is provided with respectively first charging aperture and second charging aperture that is connected with second chute with first chute.
Preferably, described first chute and second chute are that refractory material is made.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminium lithium intermediate alloy.The present invention sends into lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid together in the smelting furnace of semicontinuous casting machine and mixes, and pulls out aluminium lithium intermediate alloy then in the crystallizer of semicontinuous casting machine.Under the effect of the magnetic field of crystallizer, mixed liquor generation low-frequency vibration and stable circulation can play the better mixing effect to aluminum metal liquid and lithium molten metal, and effectively improve nucleation rate, can the uniform aluminium lithium of prepared composition intermediate alloy.A kind of preferred embodiment in, by being arranged on the mixing arrangement in the smelting furnace, the mixed flow in smelting furnace with aluminum metal liquid and lithium molten metal reaches the better mixing effect, helps the uniform aluminium lithium of prepared composition intermediate alloy.
Description of drawings
The schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of Fig. 1 semicontinuous casting machine provided by the invention;
The schematic diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of Fig. 2 first chute provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
The embodiment of a preparation aluminium lithium alloy provided by the invention comprises step:
Preparation lithium molten metal;
The smelting furnace of described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid being sent into semicontinuous casting machine mixes;
Described mixed molten metal is sent into ingot casting in the crystallizer of semicontinuous casting machine from described smelting furnace, during ingot casting, electromagnetic field frequency is that 30Hz~100Hz, crystallizer internal magnetic field intensity are that 0.01T~0.05T, casting temperature are 700 ℃~900 ℃, and casting speed is 50~150mm/min.
According to the present invention, preparation lithium molten metal can adopt fused salt electrolysis process well known to those skilled in the art and vacuum-thermal method.Then, will send in the smelting furnace of semicontinuous maker by the lithium molten metal of molten-salt electrolysis or vacuum-thermal reduction preparation.Aluminum metal liquid of the present invention can have multiple source, can adopt the preparation of fused salt electrolysis process well known to those skilled in the art and vacuum reduction method, also can be fused into aluminum metal liquid by fine aluminium.
See also Fig. 1, be the schematic diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of semicontinuous casting machine provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1, semicontinuous casting machine comprises smelting furnace 11, heater coil 12 is installed on the sidewall of smelting furnace, the below of smelting furnace is equipped with the crystallizer 13 of semicontinuous casting machine well known to those skilled in the art, solenoid 13a is installed in crystallizer, and recirculated cooling water is used for the mixing material cooling of lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid is formed aluminium lithium alloy in crystallizer.
Smelting furnace comprises a lid 11a, and two the first chute 11b and second chute 11c that the position is relative are installed in smelting furnace inside, and the described first chute 11a is fixedlyed connected with lid 11a with the second chute 11c.In addition, on lid 11a, also be separately installed with the first charging aperture 11d and the second charging aperture 11e that are connected with the second chute 11c with the first chute 11b, in smelting furnace, send into lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid respectively by two charging aperture 11d, 11e.On the lid 11a of smelting furnace, also be provided with the air shooter 15 of carrying protective gas, by this air shooter 15, protective gas such as supplying nitrogen, inert gas in smelting furnace.
Please be the schematic diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of first chute provided by the invention simultaneously referring to Fig. 2, first chute has identical structure with second chute, is that example illustrates its result with first chute.As shown in Figure 2, the described first chute 11b comprise be arranged on lid 11a on feed well 101a, the discharging opening 101b that is connected with feed well of the inclination that is connected of charging aperture 11d, the area of discharging opening 101b begins to enlarge gradually from feed well, discharging opening is provided with a plurality of drainage groove 101c, by this drainage groove 101c, with lithium molten metal uniform spreading on discharging opening 101b.
As shown in Figure 1, the charging aperture of the first chute 11b is arranged on the position of the below of the second chute 11c, when entering on first chute, first charging aperture after uniform spreading on the discharging opening, flows downward when the lithium molten metal like this, aluminum metal liquid flows downward after uniform spreading on the discharging opening when second charging aperture enters on second chute, aluminum metal liquid flows to down on the discharging opening of first-class groove again and mixes with the lithium molten metal, drop to the smelting furnace bottom together, in the process of mixed flow, lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid obtain good mixed effect.The weight ratio of aluminium and lithium is an aluminium in the mixed liquor: lithium is 1: 15~99: 85, is preferably 5: 15~95: 85, more preferably 10: 15~90: 85.
According to the present invention, the discharging opening of first chute also can be arranged on the top of the discharging opening of second chute, also can realize purpose of the present invention.In the present embodiment, also the lithium molten metal can be entered into second chute from second charging aperture, aluminum metal liquid is entered into second chute from first charging aperture, also can realize purpose of the present invention, there is no particular restriction to this present invention.The material of first chute and second chute can be used in aluminium alloy casting refractory material well known to those skilled in the art.
According to the present invention, the temperature in the smelting furnace is preferably 700 ℃~900 ℃, and more preferably 700 ℃~800 ℃, more preferably 740 ℃~760 ℃.The casting temperature of aluminium lithium intermediate alloy of the present invention promptly refers to the mixeding liquid temperature in the smelting furnace.
The mixed liquor of lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid drops in the crystallizer, open the cooler of crystallizer after, pull out aluminium lithium intermediate alloy rod 14 in crystallizer.Solenoid is installed in crystallizer, and the number of turn of described solenoid is preferably 2000 circles~3500 circles, more preferably 2100 circles~3100 circles, more preferably 2400 circles~2600 circles.The magnetic field intensity of described solenoid is preferably 0.01T~0.05T, more preferably 0.02T~0.04T.Electromagnetic field frequency is 30Hz~100Hz, is preferably 50Hz~80Hz, more preferably 60Hz~70Hz.
In crystallizer, outwards draw aluminium lithium intermediate alloy rod at 14 o'clock, be preferably 10~200mm/min for hauling speed, more preferably 50~150mm/min, more preferably 70~130mm/min, more preferably 80~150mm/min.Casting speed described herein promptly refers to the hauling speed of aluminium lithium alloy rod.Aluminium lithium intermediate alloy described herein is meant that composition consists of the alloy of aluminium, lithium and inevitable impurity, and aluminium lithium intermediate alloy is used to prepare the raw material of aluminium lithium alloy.
The present invention sends into lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid together in the smelting furnace of semicontinuous casting machine and mixes, and pulls out aluminium lithium intermediate alloy then in the crystallizer of semicontinuous casting machine.Under the effect of the magnetic field of crystallizer, mixed liquor generation low-frequency vibration and stable circulation can play the better mixing effect to aluminum metal liquid and lithium molten metal, and effectively improve nucleation rate, can the uniform aluminium lithium of prepared composition intermediate alloy.A kind of preferred embodiment in, by being arranged on the mixing arrangement in the smelting furnace, the mixed flow in smelting furnace with aluminum metal liquid and lithium molten metal reaches the better mixing effect.
In order further to understand the present invention, manufacturing aluminum foil provided by the invention is described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A) get lithia as raw material, fused salt electrolysis process prepares the lithium molten metal;
B) get the fusing of fine aluminium ingot, preparation aluminum metal liquid;
C) the lithium molten metal is delivered in the smelting furnace by the first charging aperture 11d, simultaneously aluminum metal liquid is delivered in the smelting furnace by the second charging aperture 11e, lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid are respectively by flowing to the smelting furnace bottom under the first chute 11b and the second chute 11e, and in process of flowing, good the mixing form hybrid metal liquid, the weight ratio of aluminium and lithium is an aluminium in the hybrid metal liquid: lithium is 85: 15, and smelting furnace is sent into argon gas as protective gas;
D) temperature in the smelting furnace is set to 750 ℃, after described hybrid metal liquid drops in the crystallizer, open the cooler of crystallizer, in crystallizer, outwards draw formation aluminium lithium intermediate alloy, magnetic field intensity in the crystallizer is 0.03T, the solenoid number of turn is 2500 circles, and electromagnetic field frequency is 60Hz, and hauling speed is 70mm/min.
Obtain the middle rod of aluminium lithium of Φ 50mm * 200mm after the traction, to this aluminium lithium alloy vertically, begin sampling from the end every 50mm, totally 5 samples carry out composition test to described 5 samples, and the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1, aluminium lithium intermediate alloy composition test result
Figure G2009101403827D00061
More than the preparation method of lithium aluminium intermediate alloy provided by the present invention is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of preparation method of aluminium lithium intermediate alloy comprises:
Preparation lithium molten metal;
The smelting furnace of described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid being sent into semicontinuous casting machine mixes;
Described mixed molten metal is sent into ingot casting in the crystallizer of semicontinuous casting machine from described smelting furnace, during ingot casting, crystallizer internal magnetic field intensity is that 0.01T~0.05T, casting temperature are 700 ℃~900 ℃.
2, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the casting speed during described ingot casting is 50mm/min~150mm/min.
3, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described preparation lithium molten metal is specially:
Adopt fused salt electrolysis process or vacuum reduction legal system to be equipped with the lithium molten metal.
According to each described preparation method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that 4, the described smelting furnace that described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid are sent into semicontinuous casting machine mixes and is specially:
Described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid are mixed by the mixing arrangement that is arranged in the described smelting furnace.
5, preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described mixing arrangement comprises:
Be arranged on relative first chute and second chute in two positions in the described smelting furnace, the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the top of the discharging opening of second chute, and described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid mix in smelting furnace via first chute and second chute respectively.
6, preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described mixing arrangement comprises:
Be arranged on relative first chute and second chute in two positions in the described smelting furnace, the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the below of the discharging opening of described second chute, and described lithium molten metal and aluminum metal liquid mix in smelting furnace via first chute and second chute respectively.
7, a kind of semicontinuous casting machine that uses in each described preparation method of claim 1 to 6 comprises smelting furnace and the casting station that is arranged on the smelting furnace below, is provided with mixing device in the described smelting furnace.
8, semicontinuous casting machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described mixing device comprises relative first chute and second chute in two positions that is arranged in the described smelting furnace, and the discharging opening of described first chute is arranged on the below of the discharging opening of second chute.
9, semicontinuous maker according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described smelting furnace top is provided with respectively first charging aperture and second charging aperture that is connected with second chute with first chute.
According to each described semicontinuous casting machine of claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that 10, described first chute and second chute are that refractory material is made.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US8365808B1 (en) 2012-05-17 2013-02-05 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys
US8479802B1 (en) 2012-05-17 2013-07-09 Almex USA, Inc. Apparatus for casting aluminum lithium alloys
CN104313645A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-28 南京萨伯工业设计研究院有限公司 Device and process for preparing scandium-containing aluminum alloy material
CN104342721A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-02-11 南京萨伯工业设计研究院有限公司 Device and process for preparing rare-earth permanent-magnet material
US9616493B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2017-04-11 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys
US9936541B2 (en) 2013-11-23 2018-04-03 Almex USA, Inc. Alloy melting and holding furnace
CN110576162A (en) * 2019-10-14 2019-12-17 北京理工大学 lithium element adding method in aluminum-lithium alloy semi-continuous casting

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10646919B2 (en) 2012-05-17 2020-05-12 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for direct chill casting
US8479802B1 (en) 2012-05-17 2013-07-09 Almex USA, Inc. Apparatus for casting aluminum lithium alloys
US10946440B2 (en) 2012-05-17 2021-03-16 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting aluminum alloys
US8365808B1 (en) 2012-05-17 2013-02-05 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys
US9895744B2 (en) 2012-05-17 2018-02-20 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for direct chill casting
US9849507B2 (en) 2012-05-17 2017-12-26 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys
US9764380B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2017-09-19 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for direct chill casting
US9616493B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2017-04-11 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys
US9950360B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2018-04-24 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of lithium alloys
US10864576B2 (en) 2013-02-04 2020-12-15 Almex USA, Inc. Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of lithium alloys
US9936541B2 (en) 2013-11-23 2018-04-03 Almex USA, Inc. Alloy melting and holding furnace
US10932333B2 (en) 2013-11-23 2021-02-23 Almex USA, Inc. Alloy melting and holding furnace
CN104313645B (en) * 2014-10-28 2017-08-08 苏州萨伯工业设计有限公司 The preparation facilities and preparation technology of Mo-bearing granitoid material
CN104342721A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-02-11 南京萨伯工业设计研究院有限公司 Device and process for preparing rare-earth permanent-magnet material
CN104313645A (en) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-28 南京萨伯工业设计研究院有限公司 Device and process for preparing scandium-containing aluminum alloy material
CN110576162A (en) * 2019-10-14 2019-12-17 北京理工大学 lithium element adding method in aluminum-lithium alloy semi-continuous casting

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