CN101644545B - Air-cooled condenser - Google Patents
Air-cooled condenser Download PDFInfo
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- CN101644545B CN101644545B CN2009100637288A CN200910063728A CN101644545B CN 101644545 B CN101644545 B CN 101644545B CN 2009100637288 A CN2009100637288 A CN 2009100637288A CN 200910063728 A CN200910063728 A CN 200910063728A CN 101644545 B CN101644545 B CN 101644545B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the air-cooled technical field, in particular to an air-cooled condenser with radiating pipes conveying cooling medium and piezoelectric-type fans arranged along the radiating pipes. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of low power consumption, little noise, strong heat exchange capability, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the air cooling technique field, particularly a kind of air-cooled condenser that uses the piezoelectric type fan.
Background technology
Air cooling technique is as the water saving approach of economy and relative environmental protection, becomes solution in " rich coal lack of water " area or the arid area important selection of building the thermal power plant.Yet Direct Air-cooled Unit up to now mainly is to rely on large axial flow fan to produce forced convection, and its energy consumption is big, and noise is big, is subject to the influence of ambient wind.
Piezoelectric effect is a physical phenomenon of just being familiar with before more than 100 year, and by this effect, some special ceramic materials can produce very big mechanical stress under the excitation of extra electric field.But, piezoelectric effect the deformation or the displacement that directly produce all very little usually, thereby mainly be used as the actuator of pressure sensor and micro-nano device for a long time.Utilizing piezoelectric effect to produce tangible air flows is to answer the needs of microelectronic device cooling and grew up in nearly 10 years, in order to solve smart mobile phone, the noise problem of sound sensitive equipment cooling fans such as DVD player.Up to now, itself and fail to be applied in the air cooling technique.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned background technology, provide a kind of inverse piezoelectric effect of functional ceramic of utilizing to drive the condenser that vibrating reed replacement air cooling blower fan makes air vibration heat exchange, it is low in energy consumption, and noise is little, and exchange capability of heat is strong.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical measures: a kind of air-cooled condenser, have the radiating tube of carrying coolant, it is furnished with the piezoelectric type fan along radiating tube.
In technique scheme, described piezoelectric type fan comprises blade of being made by sheet metal and the piezoelectric ceramic piece that is fixed on the blade edge, the other end of piezoelectric ceramic piece is fixed on the bracing frame that is close to radiating tube, and each piezoelectric ceramic piece and an alternating source are in parallel.
In technique scheme, the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the described piezoelectric type fan is one or is identical be superimposed together a plurality of of thickness.
In technique scheme, the distance of described blade and radiating tube is 0.05～0.15 meter, and the distance between each piezoelectric ceramic piece is 0.1～0.3 meter, and blade is 0.3～0.7 meter from the development length (i.e. length of blade hereinafter described) of piezoelectric ceramic piece.
In technique scheme, described piezoelectric ceramic piece is that niobium nickel lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is the solid solution of main component.
The present invention utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of functional ceramic, electric energy is converted to mechanical energy, by the resonance of piezoelectric ceramic piece and blade the minute yardstick that piezoelectric effect produces is vibrated the vibration that changes macro-scale with low-down power consumption into simultaneously, reach the purpose of air cooling heat exchange with the air flows that produces enough flows, and the frequency of resonance is chosen in outside the sensible frequency of sense of hearing institute the almost influence that can abate the noise fully.Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that low in energy consumptionly, noise is little, and exchange capability of heat is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 2 is a piezoelectric type fan structure schematic diagram among the embodiment.
Fig. 3 is for using piezoelectricity air cooling system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the arrangement figure based on air-cooled condenser of the present invention.
Fig. 5 for blade to radiating tube distance graph of a relation with the tube wall surface thermal transmission coefficient.
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of blade pitgh and tube wall surface thermal transmission coefficient.
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of length of blade and tube wall surface thermal transmission coefficient.
Fig. 8 is the graph of a relation of blade working frequency and tube wall surface thermal transmission coefficient.
Fig. 9 is the graph of a relation of blade arrangement mode and tube wall surface thermal transmission coefficient.
Wherein, 1 is radiating tube, and 2 is piezoelectric ceramic piece, and 3 is blade, 4 is bracing frame, and 5 is boiler, and 6 is superheater, and 7 is steam turbine, 8 is generator, and 9 is the turbine discharge pipeline, and 10 is radiating tube, and 11 is cooling element, 12 is miniature motor, and 13 is condensate tank, and 14 is condensate pump, 15 are the polishing unit that condenses, and 16 is condensate pump, and 17 is low-pressure heater, 18 is deaerator, and 19 is water supply pump, and 20 is high-pressure heater.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with Figure of description.
As shown in Figure 1, air-cooled condenser described in the present embodiment has the radiating tube 1 of carrying coolant, and it is furnished with the piezoelectric type fan along radiating tube 1.
As shown in Figure 2, described piezoelectric type fan comprises blade of being made by sheet metal 3 and the piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 that is fixed on blade 3 edges, the other end of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 is fixed on the bracing frame 4 that is close to radiating tube 1, each piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 and an alternating source are in parallel, its power supply wiring is installed along metal supporting frames 4, is placed the voltage at piezoelectric fan two ends by transformer and resistance R control.
Described piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 is that niobium nickel lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is the solid solution of main component.Its two sides forms electrode, and polarised direction is vertical with electrode, if between the electrode of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, add voltage, because inverse piezoelectric effect, just then the oscillator of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 can produce displacement at length direction.Adopting multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet 2 structures, is the identical piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 of several layer thicknesses, is overlapped into laminated body, and electric in parallel and mechanically series connection formation, in elongated lengthwise, its total displacement amount is several times of every layer of displacement when adding electric field.This structure thrust is very big, and because of mechanical gain is arranged, and their displacement is all greater than the harmomegathus displacement of block, so bigger yaw displacement is arranged.
This patent is exactly an inverse piezoelectric effect of utilizing piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, the method of taking piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 and blade 3 resonance to amplify, the minute yardstick vibration of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 is amplified 2-3 the order of magnitude to produce large-scale air flows, thereby replace the driving blower fan in traditional Direct Air-cooled Unit, reach and not only dispel the heat but also the purpose of energy-saving and noise-reducing.Under the driving of extra electric field, the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 drives large-scale blade 3 vibrations, and this oscillating movement drives the surrounding air vibration again, as fan, thus can be to radiating tube 1 forced-convection heat transfer.
In actual applications, the piezoelectricity air cooling system of use present embodiment as shown in Figure 3.
For the air-cooled condenser part, be research object with 600MW Direct Air-Cooled condenser further, consider the fixing of piezoelectric type fan, the condenser that existing " ∧ " shape is arranged changes into and being arranged vertically.As shown in Figure 4,, draw outside the main power house, join the vapour header with what the air-cooled condenser top was introduced in exhaust steam by steam-distributing pipe via blow-off line 9 from the exhaust steam that steam turbine 7 low pressure (LP) cylinders are discharged.The Direct Air-Cooled condenser is divided into some unit, and each unit is made up of some groups of radiating tubes 1 again.After adopting present embodiment, owing to some piezoelectric type fans are arranged in radiating tube 1 side arrangement of vertically arranging, after leading to faint voltage for piezoelectric ceramic piece 2, it will drive blade 3 vibrations, and the small scale vibration of piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 can be converted to the large scale resonance of blade 3.This just can replace the axial flow blower in the existing direct air cooling system, thereby realizes " low energy consumption ", the new system of the energy saving of " low noise ".
In technique scheme, related data according to piezoelectric type fan blade 3 characteristics, when having studied no environment wind speed blade 3 between the radiating tube 1 apart from d, spacing m between each blade 3, blade 3 length l, vibration frequency f, the arrangement form of blade 3, when these parameters change to the influence of radiating effect.Obtain temperature gradient on the radiating tube 1 wall normal direction by simulation, and obtain corresponding surface coefficient of heat transfer.Its result of study such as Fig. 5 are to shown in Figure 9.
As can be seen from Figure 9, under blade 3 one-sided and symmetrical two kinds of different deployment scenarios, the difference of leeward side and windward side surface coefficient of heat transfer.
When blade 3 adopted single-sided arrangement, the surface coefficient of heat transfer of leeward side was very little, only is about 1/2 of windward side, and A is the surface coefficient of heat transfer of leeward side among the figure, and B represents the surface coefficient of heat transfer of windward side.The surface coefficient of heat transfer of radiating tube 1 wall when C is symmetric arrangement among the figure, windward side is little when adopting surface coefficient of heat transfer under the symmetric arrangement situation than single-sided arrangement, but only reduced 0.17W/ (m2K), this is because when adopting symmetric arrangement, can influence to some extent mutually between two blades, make radiating tube 1 ambient air diffusion hindered, flow velocity descends, thereby makes the heat exchange deleterious.
According to the principle of similitude, the experimental data of heat convection should be expressed as the functional relation between the similarity criterion number, according to above analog result, can simulate the temperature of zero dimension gradient of fluid on radiating tube 1 wall.The temperature gradient of individual tubes is relevant with l/d and Re as can be seen by top result.
The aforementioned calculation result is carried out linear regression, can get the dimensionless criterion relation of blade 3 vibrations to radiating tube 1 heat exchange influence, wherein Nu is a nusselt number, and Re is a Reynolds number:
Utilize fluid analysis software Fluent to simulate of the influence of different blade 3 parameters,, can obtain to draw a conclusion to the analysis of numerical simulation result under the different operating modes to air cooling radiating tube 1 heat exchange effect:
1. blade 3 is to can the heat exchanging effect exert an influence apart from d between the radiating tube 1, its span is 0.05～0.15 meter, when distance during less than 0.1 meter, surface coefficient of heat transfer increases along with the increase of distance, distance is greater than after 0.1 meter, near 3 pairs of radiating tube 1 walls of blade air agitation effect reduces, and causes heat transfer property to descend.Therefore, suggestion is got apart from being 0.1 meter and is optimum value.
2. the arrangement pitch m heat exchanging performance of blade 3 also can exert an influence, and its span is 0.1～0.3 meter, and general trend is that surface coefficient of heat transfer reduces along with the increase of spacing, but amount of decrease is different, and spacing is at 0.1 meter between 0.2 meter the time, and it is milder to descend; 0.2 after the rice, the amplitude that surface coefficient of heat transfer reduces is bigger.
3. blade 3 length l heat exchanging performances also can exert an influence, its span is 0.3～0.7 meter, increase along with blade 3 length l, the heat exchange effect of radiating tube 1 increases generally, but amplification is slowed down gradually, and length is during less than 0.5 meter, and surface coefficient of heat transfer is very fast with the speed that length increases, length is greater than after 0.5 meter, and length heat exchanging Effect on Performance can be ignored substantially.Consider the fixing of blade 3, suggestion is got 0.5 meter.
4. increase blade 3 vibration frequency f and also can improve heat radiation, but within the specific limits, also little to the influence of heat radiation, demonstrated and the similar influence of blade 3 length.The power frequency of considering China is 50Hz, and 50Hz is got in suggestion.For noise is reduced to bottom line, frequency can be taken at people's ear can perception scope outside.
5. the arrangement form of blade 3 has influence on the heat exchange property of radiating tube 1, and blade 3 is arranged in radiating tube 1 when one-sided, about the twice of the surface coefficient of heat transfer of windward side the chances are leeward side; When blade 3 was arranged symmetrically in radiating tube 1 both sides, the surface coefficient of heat transfer of both sides was basic identical, and the surface coefficient of heat transfer of windward side is compared to some extent and descended during with single-sided arrangement, but reduction is also few.Therefore, the form that blade 3 bilateral symmetry are arranged is adopted in suggestion.
In sum, compare with traditional air cooling condenser, air cooling condenser of the present invention has the advantages such as the heat exchange ability is strong, power consumption is low, noiselessness, and will be used widely at heat exchange environment such as air cooling condensers with its excellent heat exchange performance.
Claims (4)
1. an air-cooled condenser has the radiating tube of carrying coolant, it is characterized in that: be furnished with the piezoelectric type fan along radiating tube; Described piezoelectric type fan comprises blade made from sheet metal and the piezoelectric ceramic piece that is fixed on the blade edge, and the other end of piezoelectric ceramic piece is fixed on the bracing frame that is close to radiating tube, and each piezoelectric ceramic piece and an alternating source are in parallel.
2. air-cooled condenser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the described piezoelectric type fan is one or is identical be superimposed together a plurality of of thickness.
3. air-cooled condenser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the blade of described piezoelectric type fan and the distance of radiating tube (d) are 0.05～0.15 meter, distance between each piezoelectric ceramic piece (m) is 0.1～0.3 meter, and blade is 0.3～0.7 meter from the development length (1) of piezoelectric ceramic piece.
4. air-cooled condenser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described piezoelectric ceramic piece is that niobium nickel lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is the solid solution of main component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100637288A CN101644545B (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Air-cooled condenser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100637288A CN101644545B (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Air-cooled condenser |
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| CN101644545A CN101644545A (en) | 2010-02-10 |
| CN101644545B true CN101644545B (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| CN2009100637288A Expired - Fee Related CN101644545B (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2009-08-26 | Air-cooled condenser |
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| CN103557188A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-05 | 广州市番禺奥迪威电子有限公司 | Direct-current piezoelectric type fan |
| CN106767111A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of heat exchanger tube spiral dynamic disturbing flow device |
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