Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency at the above communication cable insulating layer existence, give full play to the characteristic of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), provide a kind of have good electric insulating properties, proof voltage, high-low temperature resistant, ageing-resistant, soft, moistureproof, the manufacture method that can reduce the polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film for communication cable of cable transmission decay and loss characteristic, for the insulating barrier of communication cable provides extremely desirable making material.
The present invention is achieved in that the manufacture method of polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film for communication cable, and it making step that comprises is as follows:
One, batching and preliminary treatment:
(1) in view of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin the multiple trade mark is arranged, the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin of the different trades mark has different molecular weight distribution and other characteristic, the present invention is by screening, select to use molecular weight at 300-500 ten thousand, particle diameter is 480-520um, and the standard relative density is 2.15-2.18, moisture content≤0.03%, hot strength 〉=34Mpa, the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin of elongation at break 〉=400%; 1., can bear high compression ratio adopt the effect of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin to be:; 2., can guarantee the draw ratio that reaches certain; 3., the tensile strength that guarantees final products is than higher, can reach specific (special) requirements;
(2), polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin is refrigerated 18-28h at 8-15 ℃, at dust-free workshop raw material is sieved with 8-10 purpose sieve then, to stop the influence of dust to electrical property;
(3), the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin after will sieving mixes with the boosting agent, leaves standstill 8-10h; The weight portion proportioning of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin and boosting agent is: polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin 60~90, boosting agent 10~30; It is the boosting agent of ISOPAR G that the model that emerging capable petrochemical industry Co., Ltd produces is given birth to by Heyuan City, Guangdong Province that described boosting agent preferred surface tension force is 23.5Mn/m;
(4), leave standstill after, compound is stirred, rotating speed is 15-20r/min, the time is 10-20min; The boosting agent is evenly mixed with raw material.
(5), the raw material that stirs, leave standstill 10-12h, the boosting agent is permeated to raw material, carry out maturation process at 50 ℃-70 ℃ then, the time is 20-24h; Maturation process can be to carry out slaking in baking oven, and the purpose of slaking is to make the boosting agent to further fully infiltration of raw material by heating.
Two, be 2.5~3.8Mpa at pressure; Compression speed is 45-75mm/min, and the dwell time is that preformed makes the tubular blank under the 1-8min; Preformed equipment can be hydraulic power unit, about the diameter little 1mm of the diameter in its blank chamber than pushing material chamber.
Three, the tubular blank is pushed, through cutting into fibre strip; A pushing mouthful mould material cavity temperature is controlled at 50 ℃~70 ℃, and the cone angle of the pushing mould that pushes is 38~48 degree, and compression ratio is 80~150; Wherein, compression ratio is the sectional area (S) in material chamber and the ratio of the sectional area (S ') of mouthful mould.Concrete formula is: R.R (compression ratio)=S/S '=D
2/ d
2(to the circular port mould);
Four, fibre strip is carried out two roll-ins and prolong, roller temperature is controlled at 50 ℃~70 ℃ during calendering, and rolling velocity is controlled at 0.5~5m/min, make fiber alignment become flat sheet, and rolling is neat;
Five, at 250-330 ℃ below the temperature, the flat sheet prefabrication of making through calendering is stretched, and handle the back and obtain to have node, the mutual cross connecting structure of fiber through thermal finalization, bigger constrictive porous article is arranged, begin to take shape the aperture.Porous article after the calendering enters dry section B district through drive roll and removes the boosting agent, the temperature of dry section B is at 100-200 ℃, the stretch section of forming through second roller, the 3rd roller, the 4th roller the 5th roller stretches then, form draw ratio at 3-5 doubly by differential between each roller, draft temperature is in 250-330 ℃ of scope.The roller spacing of described stretch section is at 10-15mm, and the diameter of each roller is 200mm.
Six, orientation
Stretched polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film is being suppressed by two-roll calendar, and purpose is to make fiber reorientation arrangement in the vertical, reduces the portion size tolerance simultaneously, improves the dimensional accuracy of raw material film.
Seven, succeeding stretch typing forms uniform aperture, and stable the maintenance.
The succeeding stretch method for shaping is as follows: enter heat set zone and carry out thermal finalization after the prefabrication of orientation is stretched, temperature is in 330-380 ℃ of scope; Enter the cooling and shaping district then, temperature be controlled at carry out under 5-15 ℃ cold formed.
Eight, splitting winding: after cutting machine carries out splitting winding.
The present invention can inter-tradely enlarge the application of raw material band.The communication cable that the present invention the makes combination property of polytetrafluoroethylraw raw material band film, particularly have very low dielectric constant and dielectric loss angle tangent, simultaneously not influenced by frequency and variation of temperature, reduced the decay and the loss of transmission effectively, improved the speed of transmission greatly; In addition, the communication cable flexibility that makes is good, humidity resistance is good, uses for a long time-65 ℃ of-260 ℃ of temperature ranges.
The specific embodiment
Be described in detail below in conjunction with the manufacture method of drawings and Examples polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film for communication cable of the present invention.
The manufacture method of polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film for communication cable, as shown in Figure 1, it making step that comprises is as follows:
1, batching and preliminary treatment:
(1) in view of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin the multiple trade mark is arranged, the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin of the different trades mark has different molecular weight distribution and other characteristic, the present invention is by screening, select to use molecular weight at 300-500 ten thousand, particle diameter is 480-520um, and the standard relative density is 2.15-2.18, moisture content≤0.03%, hot strength 〉=34Mpa, the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin of elongation at break 〉=400%; 1., can bear high compression ratio the effect that this polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin has is:; 2., can guarantee the draw ratio that reaches certain; 3., the tensile strength that guarantees final products is than higher, can reach specific (special) requirements;
(2), polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin is refrigerated 18-28h at 8-15 ℃, preferably refrigerate 24 hours, at dust-free workshop raw material is sieved with 8-10 purpose sieve then, to stop the influence of dust to electrical property; The preferred time of refrigeration is 24h.
(3), the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin after will sieving mixes with the boosting agent, leaves standstill 8-10h; The weight portion proportioning of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin and boosting agent is: polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin 60~90, boosting agent 10~30; It is the boosting agent of ISOPAR G that the model that emerging capable petrochemical industry Co., Ltd produces is given birth to by Heyuan City, Guangdong Province that described boosting agent preferred surface tension force is 23.5Mn/m.The preferred weight portion proportioning of polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin and boosting agent is: polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin 70~80, boosting agent 20~30.
(4), leave standstill after, polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin and boosting agent composition are stirred, the rotating speed of stirring is 15-20r/min, the time is 10-20min; The boosting agent is further evenly mixed with polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin.
(5), the polytetrafluoroethyldispersion dispersion resin mixture that stirs is left standstill 10-12h, the boosting agent is permeated to raw material, carry out maturation process at 50 ℃-70 ℃ then, the time is 20-24h; Maturation process can be to carry out slaking in baking oven, and the purpose of slaking is to make the boosting agent to further fully infiltration of raw material by heating.
2, be 2.5~3.8Mpa at pressure; Compression speed is 45-75mm/min, and the dwell time is that preformed makes the tubular blank under the 1-8min.Preformed equipment can be hydraulic power unit, and the diameter in its blank chamber is than the little 1mm of diameter in pushing material chamber.
3, the tubular blank is pushed, through cutting into fibre strip.A pushing mouthful mould material cavity temperature is controlled at 50 ℃~70 ℃, and the cone angle of the pushing mould that pushes is 38~48 degree, and compression ratio is 80~150; Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, compression ratio is the sectional area (S) in material chamber 11 and the ratio of the sectional area (S ') of mouthful mould 13.Concrete formula is: R.R (compression ratio)=S/S '=D
2/ d
2(to the circular port mould).
4, fibre strip is carried out two roll-ins and prolong, roller temperature is controlled at 50 ℃~70 ℃ during calendering, and rolling velocity is controlled at 0.5~5m/min, make fiber alignment become flat sheet, and rolling is neat;
5, at 250-330 ℃ below the temperature, the flat sheet prefabrication of making through calendering is carried out drawing and setting, obtain to have node, the mutual cross connecting structure of fiber, bigger constrictive porous article is arranged.
As shown in Figure 3, porous article A after the calendering is through drive roll 1, enter dry section B, the temperature of dry section B is generally in 100-200 ℃ of scope, porous article A drive roll 1 and second roller 2 exist remove the boosting agent under certain tension force after, become the basis band that has hole, this moment, the hole of basis band mesopore was few, and porosity is also low.After removing the boosting agent, stretch through second roller 2, the 3rd roller 3, the 4th roller 4 and the 5th roller 5, form draw ratio by differential between each roller, goods are stretched, at this moment the microfibre orientation that is stretched in the band, form hole between the microfibre, the junction of fibre bundle is node, the size in the pore size decision aperture between the microfibre, the quantity of node and size then have influence on percent opening, draw ratio, draft temperature and stretching spacing have the greatest impact to aperture and porosity, and low then draw ratio of general temperature and rate of extension all are subjected to certain limitation.When temperature raise, macromolecular chain was easily deformable, and draw ratio and speed all can correspondingly improve, and along with the rising of temperature, the aperture of product increases, and porosity increases, and the stretching spacing is big, and then the aperture is little.When porous article A makes longitudinal stretching, laterally can cause contraction, distance is big more, shrinks severely more, and the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microfibre is close to each other because of contraction, and the aperture is diminished, and porosity is also corresponding to diminish; Be controlled at 3-5 doubly through putting into practice draw ratio, draft temperature is in 250-330 ℃ of scope, best temperature is that the spacing of roller of the stretch section formed of 327 ℃ of second roller 2, the 3rd roller 3, the 4th roller 4 and the 5th roller 5 is at 10-15mm, the diameter of each roller is 200mm, can obtain best aperture and porosity effect.
6, orientation
Stretched polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film is being suppressed by two-roll calendar, and purpose is to make fiber reorientation arrangement in the vertical, reduces the portion size tolerance simultaneously, improves the dimensional accuracy of raw material film.
7, succeeding stretch typing
As shown in Figure 3, through directed polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film, intensity is not high yet, and standing time, bigger contraction took place in long slightly meeting, so how to stablize the aperture and size is extremely important, the present invention adopts succeeding stretch, thermal finalization and cooling and shaping to reach optimum efficiency.Succeeding stretch is through second roller 2, the 3rd roller 3, the 4th roller 4 and the 5th roller 5 stretch, form draw ratio by differential between each roller, goods are stretched, goods after the stretching enter heat set zone C through the 6th roller 6, the heat set zone temperature is in 330-380 ℃ of scope, thermal finalization is heat-treated the product that has stretched, reduce degree of crystallinity, the amorphous region is increased, play the effect of " amorphous interlinkage ", the 5th roller 5 and the 6th roller 6 are with speed, the 6th roller 6 and the 7th roller 7 keep certain force of strain, enter cooling and shaping district D through the 7th roller 7 and the 8th roller 8 again, and temperature is controlled at 5-15 ℃, the 7th roller 7, the 8th roller 8, the 9th roller 9 and the tenth roller 10 keep certain constant-tension, and be laggard as rolling E through the tenth roller 10; Finally reaching microcellular structure can keep getting off, and dimensional stability, intensity all can improve greatly, forms the goods with certain pore size, porosity.One-off drawing is to begin to take shape the aperture, and succeeding stretch is in order to form uniform aperture, and stable the maintenance.
8, splitting winding: carry out splitting winding through cutting machine.
Technological process of the present invention is through batching and preliminary treatment → preformed → pushing → calendering → stretching → orientation → succeeding stretch typing → splitting winding, make at last have the good electric insulating properties, proof voltage, high-low temperature resistant, ageing-resistant, soft, moistureproof, can reduce that cable transmission decays and the polytetrafluoroethylthread thread seal tape film for communication cable of loss characteristic.
Production environment of the present invention requires high, need produce under dustless environment; The control of process parameters strictness of producing need be controlled at very little deviation range, and any big difference all can produce very big influence to transmission performance.The communication cable that the present invention the makes combination property of poly tetrafluoroethylene, particularly have very low dielectric constant and dielectric loss angle tangent, simultaneously not influenced by frequency and variation of temperature, reduced the decay and the loss of transmission effectively, improved the speed of transmission greatly; In addition, the communication cable flexibility that makes is good, humidity resistance is good, can use for a long time-65 ℃ of-260 ℃ of temperature ranges.
The communication cable that the present invention the makes detection data such as the following table of poly tetrafluoroethylene:
Project name |
Technical indicator |
Dielectric constant |
??1.2-1.6 |
Dielectric loss |
??<0.0002 |
Limited oxygen index (%) |
??>95 |
Operating temperature (℃) |
??-65~260 |
Fusing point (℃) |
??320-340 |
The communication cable that the present invention the makes decay nominal value such as the following table of poly tetrafluoroethylene:
??F(GHz) |
??1 |
??6 |
??18 |
??26 |
??40 |
??(a?Db/m) |
??0.41 |
??0.96 |
??1.74 |
??2.16 |
??2.74 |
|
??0.27 |
??0.62 |
??1.16 |
??1.54 |
|
|
??0.17 |
??0.43 |
??0.83 |
|
|
When regulation when test that cable is pressed 4.7.10 among the GJB973A-2004, the return loss of the cable (specimen length is 6m) that makes with poly tetrafluoroethylene with communication cable of the present invention is not less than following table institute indicating value:
Frequency range (GHz) |
??0.05-4 |
??4-8 |
??8-18 |
??18-26 |
Return loss value (dB) |
??17.7 |
??15.6 |
??14.0 |
??12.7 |