CN101640825A - Integration of three networks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to integration of three networks, which is a technology for establishing wide-band high-speed uniform global information infrastructures and various integrated service communication networks, based on the Internet, telecommunication network and cable television network. A plurality of access modes (including the access of telecommunication x DSL, HFC of a cable television network or a park network and a mobile network, and the like) are integrated into a high efficiency network with uniform access and application interfaces, so as to realize effective and reliable interconnection, intercommunication and interoperability between each computer type equipment and each terminal in all heterogeneous or isomorphic networks, and establish a novel wide area network capable ofcontaining the information in various types. The wide area network is an intelligent network with wideband-narrowband integration, wired-wireless integration, active-passive integration and transmission-access integration. An integration exchanger is independent from a bottom layer bearing protocol and finishes major functions of call control, routing, medium gateway access control, resource allocation, protocol processing, authentication, charging and the like.

Description

The integration of three networks

Technical field

The present invention relates to network technology, information technology (Information Technology, IT), computer technology, database technology, automatic control technology, cable TV technology, the communication technology, microelectric technique, sensing technology and Display Technique etc.

Background technology

With the Internet (Internet), telecommunications (Telecommunication) net and cable TV (Community AntennaTelevision, CATV) net based on business expansion and mutual seamless fusion (convergence) becomes unified multifunctional network, be called the unification of three nets or the integration of three networks.It is not the simply interconnected of this three macroreticular, but the revolution of internet essence.Telecommunications network comprises mobile radio communication.

The key technology that the unification of three nets of the Internet, telecommunications network and cable television network mainly needs to solve is: access technology; Big capacity, high-speed routing plan and network technology; Allow and coordinate interface or middleware Technology between different operating system, the heterogeneous networks structure; Face growing extensive service request, height is available and computer platform system well flexible and fault-tolerant ability is arranged; High performance parallel computation technology etc.

Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) be unique can be by the common communication protocol of accepting of the Internet, telecommunications network and cable television network.

Have be no less than the basic function of a kind of computer or by computer-controlled equipment (device) and conventional computer, all be called computer equipment.As input keyboard, interface circuit, switch and printer etc.Wherein conventional computer has functions such as the storage of processing and exchange transmission information.

Having can processing information flow, the function of bag (packet) or frame (frame) etc. and the system that computer equipment etc. is formed by transmission medium can be carried out the integrated circuit (IC) chip of interoperability, is called interface circuit.

All-purpose computer (universal computer) has operating system software, generally also comprises the interface circuit that it is connected with corresponding network.

Between one group of heterogeneous network can not communicating by letter only according to transmission medium, the interface circuit of direct communication function is provided, be called gateway (gateway).

Can connect one or more computer and have and allow them to receive and dispatch simultaneously or the network hardware equipment of exchange message, be called switching equipment.

Signal must amplify signal be transferred to certain distance in the long-distance transmissions medium after.Promptly essential signalization relay amplifier.

Existing the Internet is the representative of computer network.Its advantage be that network configuration is simple, technology innovation is fast and cost low etc.Its problem is that the whole network is not had effective control ability, is difficult to realize united net management, and the fail safe and the reliability of the Network of open ecommerce, E-Government and industry-by-industry also need further improvement on the internet in addition.Automation business by the Internet carries out is called Network.

Existing communication network is meant traditional switched telephone network (PSTN), arrowband N-ISDN, Digital Data Net (DDN), frame relay (FR) net, ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) net etc.; Also have X.25 net, B-ISDN net and CHINANET net etc. in addition.Its advantage is the high-speed high capacity fiber optic core net that covers the whole nation.Its shortcoming is a low speed, telephone set copper wire access net simulation, huge.

Existing cable TV network is cheap at a high speed integrated network.It has that bandwidth, capacity are big, multi-functional, low-cost, amphicheirality, support multiple business and the advantage that is connected huge numbers of families.Its deficiency is to transmit TV programme by coaxial cable to the user, also is in dummy level.

Although existing three network services have each species diversity, still can carry out comprehensive and unified to three network services by the unification of three nets technology.

Existing three large network structures establish one's own system, each other can not safe and accurate intercommunication.This just causes overlapping investment and waste of network resources.

Three macroreticular operation systems of existing the Internet, telecommunications network and cable television network, the application system of three network services independently separately of utilizing respectively just that computer carries out that information organization forms is to use three kinds of computer application systems the most widely.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present invention is to build the broadband, GII (Global Information Infrastructure at a high speed, unified on three big net bases of present the Internet, telecommunications network and cable television network, GII) and various integrated service network, and three nets of plurality of access modes (comprising the HFC of telecommunications xDSL, cable television network or the access of garden net and mobile network etc.) are changed for to have the interface that unified backbone network is access in, be connected with application interface with access and the high-efficiency network formed; Adopt network interconnection technology and three macroreticular service techniques, each local area network (LAN) with the operator of three macroreticulars, the various integrated networks of dedicated network or their operation etc., by same backbone network, in all each networks of realizing these isomeries or isomorphism, can validity between each computer equipment and the terminal and interconnected (Interconnection) of reliability, intercommunication (Intercommunication) and interoperability (Interoperability), set up the novel next generation network that can hold various forms of information (Next Generation Networking, NGN).It is under unified management platform, realizes the transmission and the management of audio frequency, video and data-signal, is a really system of various integrated service of each operator of realization three macroreticulars.

With the computer equipment of different business of each the Internet, telecommunications network and the cable television network of diverse geographic location and terminal etc., carry out the system of validity and reliability ground interoperability by same backbone transport network, be called the integrated service network that warm three nets are become, abbreviate as and melt into net (Fig. 1).It is one, and wide band narrow band is integrated, wire and wireless is integrated, integration of active and passive optical transmission and transmission insert incorporate intelligent network.

The unification of three nets technology is to be scattered in the computer equipment or the user terminal of diverse geographic location, be joined to one another by various resource information nets, transmission switching network and transmission medium, carry out the new technology of various information such as voice, image, data and resource transmission, exchange, storage and processing.

Being meant at a distance of following indication surpasses or equals distance between two cities or the center, county town.

1, melting into net is connected to each other by transmission medium by the network equipment and computer equipment and forms (Fig. 1).Melt form and structure that hardware into the net is connected with circuit, be called and melt topology into the net (topology) structure.Adopt topological method, melt node into the net and can be the independently network equipment and compute classes equipment such as various switching equipment or switching center, server, relay amplifier, client computer, concentrator; Line can be various wire transmission media (cable, optical cable and twisted-pair feeder etc.) and wireless transmission medium (various electromagnetic waves, microwave and artificial communication satellite etc.).

Can storage in melting into net exchange with process information, control information and protocol conversion and can select the router of optimization information transmission path, be called and melt core switching network equipment into the net, be called for short and melt heart switch.It can from a node or a plurality of node, by remote transmission medium, be received and dispatched each packet (packet), frame (frame) or cell (cell) etc. or exchange with other nodes simultaneously.

From physically, each melts heart switch is a small-sized computer; Processor and memory are arranged, and be used for the input-output apparatus of transceive data bag.The function of the switch in the express network can be made of special hardware.

Melting heart exchange is to melt controlled function entity into the net; It is the core of melting calling control into the net and carrying control.It is independent of the bottom bearing protocol, finish major functions such as calling out control, route, medium gateway access control, resource allocation, protocol processes, authentication and charging, all business or the function of existing switch and router can be provided, and provide programmability to the third party.

Melt the interface that heart switch generally has two types; First kind of interface has higher transmission speed, is connected to first kind of interface that another melts heart exchange by the remote digital transmission line.Second kind of interface has lower transmission speed, is used to connect computer equipment or terminal etc.The hardware details of melting heart switch depends on melts switching technology into the net and required message transmission rate.

The construction standardization of melting into dictyosome system is generally with reference to International Standards Organization (International Standards Organization, the ISO) seven layer reference model of Tui Jianing (7-layer Reference Model); The actual the Internet hierarchical mode (Internet Layering Model) that adopts.Promptly melting into the net de facto standards is transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (Transmission Control Protocol/InternetProtocol, TCP/IP) series.It is the simplification of seven layer reference model.Internet protocol series is to melt the most basic network interconnection agreement into the net.

Melt heart switch by what several of same geographical position had different business and a function, by first kind of interface, broadband, high-speed communication medium be connected to each other and form they can transmit each other and a group of network task such as transceive data melts heart switch, be called and melt heart group of switches.

First kind of interface end of melting heart switch (or melting heart group of switches) by each diverse geographic location, with long-distance transmissions medium (comprising relay amplifier) respectively mutually corresponding the connection and form and melt into core network in the net by what procotol controlled that these melt between the heart group of switches that signal posts such as transmission mutually and transceive data need task, be called and melt key foundation backbone network into the net, be called for short backbone network.Its general reticular pattern topological structure that adopts; It can be web form full form or incomplete shape.

Assemblies such as some computer equipment in certain local geographic area and computer resource, by interface circuit be connected with the short-distance transmission medium form and by general-purpose computer processes information and control mutual communication between these assemblies or shared resource melt into local area network (LAN) or metropolitan area network in the net, be called and melt into signal transmission and the local area network (LAN) of handling or the resource information basic network of metropolitan area network type in the net, abbreviate standing net (Fig. 2) as.It is also referred to as excellent machine network; Can be interconnected into star-like, ring-like, bus-type, level type, tree type and topological structure such as irregularly shaped.

Melting into net is the internet (Fig. 1) that is formed by backbone network and many dissimilar standing net common combinations.It is separated transmission of Information and function of exchange and information processing function.Message transmission and information exchange functions are carried out in switching equipment and transmission medium; And process information is implemented in computer equipment and terminal.It also is separated the long-distance transmissions of information and the short range transmission function of information.Long-distance transmissions information is carried out in backbone network; And short range transmission is implemented in the standing net.

Backbone network is that topological structure is the reticular pattern structural network of one-level; And the standing net can be multistage various topological structures network.

The heart switch that melts of backbone network is made of special hardware.It is a network node in melting topological structure into the net.Its is on the one hand as the interface that is connected with standing net, computer equipment or terminal, standing net, computer equipment or terminal is connected to melts in the net; Again as the node of message transmission in the backbone network and exchange, finish the functions such as reception, verification, storage and forwarding of information block on the other hand, realize the message of source computer kind equipment is accurately sent to the function served as bridge of the computer equipment of purpose.

The remote transmission medium of backbone network provides communication line for melting between the heart switch.Its general optical cable or wireless channel of adopting.

Between each computer equipment or melt communication line between heart switch and second kind of interface of standing net, be the short-distance transmission medium in the standing net.Its general cable, wireless media, microwave, telephone wire, twisted-pair feeder, coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, wireless media and microwave etc. of adopting.

The interface circuit of standing net is generally the printed circuit board (PCB) of the full electronic circuit of a piece of cloth; Be called as adapter (network adaptercard), (network interface card NIC), abbreviates network interface card as to be also referred to as network interface unit.This printed circuit board (PCB) generally is inserted on the bus of computer.When the transmission medium length of standing net surpasses fixing ultimate range, just can not normally move.Therefore its coverage is less.

The computer equipment of standing net comprises the peripheral hardware of main frame, terminal, terminal equipment controller, database, networking and various information resources etc.

Main frame is the main and important server (server) of standing net, and local operation system, backbone network operating system, database and user's application system are housed.It generally is connected with the second kind of interface of heart switch that melts of backbone network by transmission line.Terminal and main frame are connected into the standing net jointly.

Terminal is the interface of user capture backbone network.It can be simple input, outlet terminal, also can be the intelligent terminal that has microprocessor.Intelligent terminal also has the ability of storage and process information except the function with input, output information.Terminal can enter the standing net by main frame, also can or melt heart switch by terminal equipment controller, packet assembly and disassembly device and be connected into backbone network.

Melt network operating system into the net and be a network operating system on the UNIX/Linux that builds on each main frame (or the Windows etc.) operating system, be used to realize the telex network between the different main frames, and melt into sharing of net hardware and software resource, and provide unified network interface.

Melting into grid database builds on the standing net operation system.It can reside in (centralized network Database Systems) on the main frame, also can be distributed in (distributed network database system) on every main frame.It provides access, revises the service of database to the user, and fulfillment database is shared.

Application system is the concrete application that is based upon on the standing net means bases such as network operating system, Database Systems, to realize user's demand.

The bottom that melts into the net system model is hardware device and physical medium, comprises multimedia equipment, the network equipment, Web equipment, video equipment, audio frequency apparatus, wire transmission medium and wireless transmission medium etc.It on hardware layer operating system layer.The concrete condition of this layer shielding hardware device provides the interface that has nothing to do with hardware device to top one deck.Last layer comprises video, audio frequency, desktop media parts and network service parts etc.The desktop media parts have comprised the function of the desktop multimedia equipment that operating system provides.The network service parts have comprised that network connects, communication protocol and multi-medium data compression/de-compression function.It again the network programming interface.And application service really rule realize by the top one deck (application layer).

Operating system nucleus is whole process or thread structure operating system kernel.It is the expansion first time on bare computer function basis, has constituted a virtual machine with better function.Kernel has the function of 3 aspects: Interrupt Process, process or thread scheduling and primitive management.

Melting into net is open integrated huge network system, can cover All Around The World.It is with advanced person's technology Information Monitoring, process information and exchange message, and offers the user and make things convenient for land productivity information.It is with the service integrationization of internet, telecommunications and cable TV " unification of three nets ".It not only can provide data communication and manage business, but also the business of multimedia communications such as sound, image and animation and processing can be provided.

Existing the Internet is towards connectionless packet data transmission net, and main information is data, and its terminal is computer equipment.It is actual to be based on computer equipment and LAN (Local Area Network), progressively interconnected, expand and expand and the Webweb that forms.This interconnected be open, freely, unordered.The user finishes by Transmission Control Protocol to the user's data transmission, and the interconnected of each LAN (Local Area Network) then realized by IP.Each LAN (Local Area Network) interconnected generally is to rely on the core net (Core Network) in the telecommunications network or the optical cable backbone net of cable television network.Therefore the Internet is actual is the network of renting that relies on and colonize on telecommunications network and these two networks of cable television network.

Existing communication network mainly is meant public telephone network, but other business is also arranged, for example fax and data etc.; By the telecommunication department operation; Its terminal mainly is a telephone set.It is the network for the two way voice communication design and construction of realizing point-to-point.Telecommunications network is based on connection-oriented circuit switching, with telephone traffic constant, symmetry is the center, adopt complicated graduate time-division multiplexing method, with 64Kb/s speech coding, high session services quality (Quality of Service, QoS) being target, is may command, manageable efficient signaling net.

Existing cable TV network is the broadcasting and television network of broadcast radiated, Conditional Access.It is used to transmit broadcast TV program (video content), and its terminal mainly is a television receiver.Traditional CATV net is a special network that transmits analog television program, and transmission medium mainly is a coaxial cable, and the type signal modulation system is analog fm and amplitude modulation, and network configuration is a tree topology.The some of them network transform as the Hybrid Fiber Coaxial network (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial, HFC).Be characterized in:, have stronger self-healing ability based on ring type structure; Network bands is wide, frequency resource is abundant, transmission rate is fast; Can realize point with good conditionsi to the face transmission means, similar with the bus system transmission means of computer; Can realize transmitted in both directions, and be unbalanced that promptly upstream bandwidth is narrow, and the non-constant width of downlink bandwidth.

Melting into net can provide data communication and data processing business, but also communications such as sound, figure, image can be provided and manage business.Melt into net and support the business of all dissimilar and different rates, as narrow band services such as voice, faxes; Radio and television, high definition TV etc. distribute molded breadth band business; Interactive broadband services such as video telephone, interactive television, video conference; Demblee form broadband services such as high speed data transfer etc.The backbone network that optical cable is formed can have very high information transfer rate and very wide frequency band, and it satisfies the service integrationization of existing three nets.Promptly melting into net is the network of the integration of three networks (Convergence).

2, be distributed in core net, the fiber cable run gauze in the cable television network in the telecommunications network in each city (comprising the central area, county town) and important geographical position and the Internet optical cable central network that has built up etc., with wherein each kind of broadband and long-distance transmissions medium (comprising relay amplifier etc.) at a high speed, interconnect with the first kind of interface of heart group of switches that melts of corresponding various places, just constitute backbone network.It adopts ICP/IP protocol series.

Connect the communication network that transmission medium is formed by simple switch, be called naked network.It does not comprise computer equipment or terminal.Naked network is divided into naked wide area network, naked metropolitan area network and naked local area network (LAN).Naked network is separated the function of message transmission and information processing.Backbone network is a kind of naked wide area network.Melting into that net is divided into naked wide area network and standing local area network (LAN) (or metropolitan area network) is the revolution of network configuration and function, is the key technology of " unification of three nets ".

In the most initial stage of unification of three nets, the fundamental mode of melting heart switch can adopt storage-forwarding (store and forward) exchange.Backbone network is placed on packet in the memory that melts heart switch.Decide the destination of mailing to by the processor that melts heart switch then.

Storage-forwarding exchange is divided into message switching (Message Switching) and packet switching (virtual circuit exchange) again.

Backbone network is by many heart switch and long-distance transmissions medium formations such as (comprising relay amplifier) of melting.It self is extendible.The long-distance transmissions medium must have relay amplifier at certain distance.This broadband medium is connected on the first kind of interface that melts heart switch.

The standing net of each local area network (LAN), computer equipment or terminal or their combinations just is connected on the second kind of interface that melts heart switch.

Backbone network melts heart switch and can add on demand for what increase newly; Be used for connecting other local area network (LAN) or computer equipment etc.Be that backbone network has extensibility.Melting heart switch can send and exchange data packets simultaneously.

Backbone network is by the long-distance transmissions medium each of diverse geographic location to be melted the interconnected composition of heart group of switches.One melts heart switch a plurality of input/output interfaces is arranged usually, makes can form multiple different network topology structure by the standing net that is connected with it, connects many computer equipment.Can there be one or the more than one heart group of switches of melting in a geographical position.Each melts the speed of the long-distance transmissions medium between the heart group of switches, and is faster than each speed of melting the short-distance transmission medium between heart group of switches and the computer equipment.

The topology of backbone network adopts reticular pattern structure (can be completely or incomplete fully connected topology).

The structure of backbone network needn't symmetry.Wherein melt long-distance transmissions medium interconnected of heart group of switches and wherein the capacity of every connection line all decide according to desired flow, and provide redundancy in case fault.Other melt heart switch, when backbone network needs, add, with the expansion backbone network.

Backbone network can adopt dense wave division multipurpose, and (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing, DWDM) technology increases the message capacity of optical fiber greatly, and has also improved its transmittability of melting heart switch or router.

(Wave Division Multiplexing, WDM) technology can make message transmission rate reach tens Gbps to the Wave division multiplexing of backbone network.

Melt the building block that heart switch is a backbone network.Backbone network is made of long-distance transmissions medium and the connected heart group of switches of melting.

The technology of melting heart switch is by special function of exchange hardware technology and adopts the switching technology common combination of software control to constitute.These two kinds of technology are to melt core technology into the net.Backbone network is naked wide area network, with long-distance transmissions and exchange message function, is separated with other functions of network.

Melt the exchange control technology that heart switch adopts hardware and software to combine.The basic function of melting heart switch is: realize the controlled function of route and calling respectively by hardware and software, comprise route or call routing, connection control (comprising foundations/dismountings circuit), manage and control and signalling interworking etc.; And realize that call transfer is separated with calling out control, is separated control, exchange and programmable functions.

Melting heart switch can adopt storage-forwarding (store and forward) pattern to exchange.Promptly packet is placed in the memory of switch; The destination of deciding packet to mail to by processor then.The method of packet switching wherein can realize the Line sharing of backbone network.Can there be several communication lines in any a pair of melting between the heart group of switches in the network; Thereby each grouping of same information can be carried out parallel transmission, and Cong Er Shrink has lacked the time of information by the network of backbone network, satisfies the requirement of voice communication and so on real time business.The source end is divided into isometric packet (Packet) with information.The packets headers that contains destination address, packet numbering, control ratio top grade in each datagram (Packet) transmits along different routes; The place end can be reassembled into original information by packet numbering.

Existing stored-program control exchange has four functional layers: call control layer, Medium Exchange layer, business provide layer and IAD layer.These four functional layers physically are integrated, and are in the obturator; Hardware and software checks and balance, and is indivisible; There are not open interconnect standards and interface between them.Therefore the expense height, the cycle that increase new function are long.

Existing telecommunications core network (being mainly the long-distance transmissions backbone network) fiberize and broadband; Core net in the nationwide telephone network adopts hierarchical organization.Linked to each other with its high primary exchange of administration by rudimentary exchange, five-star exchange adopts the reticular pattern direct interconnection, forms multistage tandem radiation net.Its switching hop count is many, cause when continuing prolong, loss is big, poor reliability and webmaster complexity.

Existing cable TV arterial grid adopts Hybrid Fiber Coaxial network (HFC), belongs to metropolitan area network.Its feeder network is selected the arterial grid of optical fiber as transmission medium.The special-purpose remote cable TV optical cable backbone net in the whole nation with each HFC is connected is called the cable TV backbone network.The CATV backbone network adopts dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) optical fiber technology.The huge bandwidth (30Tbps) of optical fiber is transmitted various different kinds of business pellucidly.

The interconnected of each LAN (Local Area Network) in the existing the Internet and computer equipment is to rely on telecommunications network or cable TV backbone network and HFC line network; The fast cost of technology innovation is low.Some place has begun the key long-distance transmissions net of core that independently construction is the main business object with IP now, is called the Internet central network.But the Internet is difficult to realize unified network management, and high-quality real time business also can't guarantee simultaneously.

Melting in the heart group of switches in backbone network, can also adopt asynchronous transfer mode (Asynchronous Transfer Mode, ATM) or switching technology such as IP+ATM pattern.It is a kind of connection-oriented high speed exchange and multiplexing technique; With cell independently is the transmission means of the base unit of message transmission, multiple connection and exchange.

Atm technology has been simplified exchange process, has removed the unnecessary data verification, adopts easy-to-handle fixedly cell format.So X.25 the ATM exchange rate is much higher than, DDN and frame relay (Frame Relay, FR) etc.The ATM message transmission rate can reach 2.5Gbps.Utilize the heart group of switches of melting of atm technology to adopt effective service traffics monitoring mechanism, the data of computer equipment or terminal are monitored in real time, the possibility of melting into the congested generation of net is dropped to minimum.Melt into net and give different priority power to different business, the highest as the voice " priority " of real-time, the correctness " priority " of GDF general data file transmission is the highest.Since backbone network to different traffic assignments different stage resource and adopt different priority levels, so network generally can generation information not block up.ATM is exchanged for time-division switching, space switching and header exchange etc.

Existing IP exchange is proposed at first by Ipsilon, is called IP switching technology (IP Switching).It is the technology that information in a kind of ISO of utilization model the 3rd layer protocol is strengthened second layer function of exchange.As long as a direct second layer path is arranged between source address and destination address, just there is no need to transmit packet through router.The 3rd layer of Routing Protocol of ISO model used in the IP exchange, determines second layer transfer path.

Existing switch all is with service access, information route and three functions of exchange control, by the switching network of this switch inside, connects into that a path realizes; Cause different business need adopt different switching technologies and different switches, be unfavorable for that multiple business transmits and exchange on a unified switch.

In order to provide fused business such as voice, data and multimedia on the heart switch simultaneously in unified melting, it finally should adopt the special-purpose switching hardware and the new switching technology of switch software combination.

Backbone network is a kind of incomplete reticular pattern (topological structure that point-to-point is connected in twos) network.This structure has guaranteed that any two in the backbone network melt a path at least arranged between the heart group of switches.

Backbone network can arbitrarily remote two places for some high traffic between, set up through long-distance transmission lines more, be called the efficient line-group of backbone network, abbreviate high-usage line as.High-usage line is used to support to belong to respectively two of this remote two places and melts the big capacity passage of setting up between the heart group of switches.Because each amount of information of melting between the heart switch is not quite similar.Line construction between them also has nothing in common with each other.

In the reticular pattern network configuration of backbone network, always as far as possible select a most economical path for message transmission, promptly select shortest path or pass through the minimum heart group of switches of melting.It has reduced foundation and has melted the time delay that continues between each terminal into the net; Also reduced simultaneously the cost of operation.

Core net in the existing telecommunications network is arranged with a kind of multilayered structure, adopts the network of classification Tandem network or tree type Hierarchical Network.In whole system, except highest level center, the switch of other each levels all links to each other with a switch than its high one-level level.It is more more complex than backbone network.The telecommunications network of multilevel hierarchy continues to higher level's level, increase time and the expense connected through exchange in the middle of more.

Existing cable television network wide coverage, band resource enrich.It has broken away from the operation mode of single transmission TV programme gradually, grinds to field of telecommunications, by technological transformation, cable television network is upgraded to two-way broad band Integrated service network.

Backbone network expands, and just needs to increase to melt heart switch.This basic principle makes that progressively setting up a backbone network with bigger extensibility becomes possibility.The whole exchange capacity of network is increased.

What do not connect computer equipment or terminal in the backbone network melts heart switch, is called the inner exchanging machine (interior switch) of backbone network.

What be connected with computer equipment or terminal in the backbone network melts heart switch, is called external switch (exterior switch) of backbone network.

For backbone network can correctly be moved, inside and outside switch all must have a routing table, and can both transmit packet.Routing table must be finished with software design.Backbone network generally adopts dynamic routing (dynamic routing); Special circumstances adopt static routing (static routing).

Melt the topological diagram that heart switch utilizes the standing net of backbone network and access, calculate route table items.Its software uses a kind of Dijkstra shortest path first; From source point, calculate distance along shortest path to other each points.Structure next stop routing table in the process of calculating shortest path.

Backbone network also uses distributed route to calculate (distributed route computation); Melt heart group of switches (or melting heart switch) by each and calculate local routing table, by backbone network the result is sent to the adjacent heart group of switches of melting then.Each melts heart group of switches and all periodically sends routing iinformation to the adjacent heart group of switches of melting.When melting after heart group of switches starts, it just can know its arrive shortest path on purpose.Have one to melt that heart switch breaks down or a link disconnects in the net if melt into, each information of melting the consecutive periods of heart group of switches can make the very fast modification route of backbone network and adapt to new circuit.Melt heart group of switches normally and will not receive the up-to-date information of sending from fault.Each melts the lastest imformation that heart group of switches continues to receive normal adjacent machine.If there is other transmission path to have, melts heart group of switches and also can revise the routing table of oneself so that avoid the hardware of fault.

The construction standardization of backbone network system is the ISO reference model; Its de facto standards adopts transmission control protocol/Internet protocol.

Can make transmission rate reach 100Gbps in the backbone network of optical fiber on the single optical fiber, contain 40 kinds of wavelength; Transmit 1,000,000 voice and 1500 television channels simultaneously.With the basis of optical fiber, can make up simultaneously towards the message transfer system of miscellaneous service and application as transmission medium.

The basic structure form of existing worldwide telecommunication network is a Pyatyi tandem radiation net.Most of telecommunication user in the world all communicates in this system.In whole system, except highest junction center, other each exchanges all link to each other than its higher leveled tandem exchange with one.This structure has guaranteed that a path is all arranged between any two switches in the network.Yet because non-vertical traffic flow is increasing, the problem that this multilevel hierarchy of telecommunications core network exists is obvious day by day, shows as with regard to QoS: transfer often, call completing rate is low; In case certain node of multistage toll network or certain section circuit break down, and can cause partial occlusion, poor reliability; Be unfavorable for the opening of new business net.

3, assemblies such as computer equipment of some in certain geographic area and resource apparatus, be connected with the transmission medium that limits distance by interface circuit and form, and, be exactly standing net (Fig. 2) by the local area network (LAN) or the metropolitan area network of mutual communication and shared resource between these assemblies of network operating system software control.Metropolitan area network is the expansion of local area network (LAN).When the transmission medium Route Length of metropolitan area network and local area network (LAN) surpasses fixing ultimate range, just can not normally move.Therefore standing net coverage is very little; Generally in 10 kms.

The standing net can be the network interconnection.Because backbone network is to adopt ICP/IP protocol series.If interconnected computer equipment or network in the standing net all uses identical Internet protocol IP, then they with the backbone network interconnection after whole network when the communication just as at a network communication; Composition is towards connecting or connectionless IP network, and its information flow is with the form exchange of IP packet and transmits.If the standing net is different from the standard of using in the backbone network, then the standing net needs a hardware interface that is complementary with backbone network.

Have computer resource and computer equipment operation function in the control standing net or specified server class computer, be called the advantage function computer, be called for short excellent machine.This standing net is also referred to as excellent machine network (Fig. 2).

Excellent machine have on its original operating system the standing net operation system that increases function (Network Operating Systems, NOS).

Be independent of the transmission and the transmitting-receiving of the lan interfaces hardware handles frame of central processing unit (CPU).Frame can shared the CPU operation that does not influence computer on the local area network (LAN) from a computer equipment to another computer device transmission.

The system backup automation solution of standing net is made up of backup client, active and standby part of server, media server, redundant memory cell and backup management software etc.Backup client typically refers to application program, computer equipment; Expression can and be sent to data the software portfolio of backup server from reading of data in the online storage; Active and standby part server is used for arranging backup and resuming work, and service data deposit medium; Media server is that the instruction according to active and standby part server copies data on the backup medium.Redundant memory cell is data tape, disk or CD.

Respectively with excellent machine network (or with excellent machine) and backbone network to melt heart switch interconnected and control the server class computer of these two network validity and reliability ground interoperability, be called the all-purpose computer that melts into identification identity in the net, abbreviate the machine of distinguishing as.It is by between computer function control backbone network and the excellent machine network, can validity and reliability ground carry out the all-purpose computer of interoperability.

Certain unit connects excellent machine in each standing net that computer equipment and resource apparatus form according to the network topology structure of local area network (LAN), by input/output interface, is connected with the machine of distinguishing respectively; Each distinguishes another output/input interface of machine, is connected with the heart switch that melts of backbone network; Just be built into the proprietary network system of this unit validity and reliability, be called this unit proprietary network (Private Network) (Fig. 3).

This network interconnection technology is on unique passage of excellent machine network and backbone network the machine of distinguishing.The machine of distinguishing passes through its isolated controlling function, realizes the logic isolation between the heart switch of melting of coupled excellent machine network and backbone network; Again by its connection control function, realize the physical connection between the heart switch of melting of the proprietary network of this unit and backbone network, and can carry out the information interoperability of validity and reliability.

Local area network (LAN) in the Internet or metropolitan area network (local area network (LAN) of expansion) are simple in structure, are the standing nets in the Internet.This standing net of various places is inserted the backbone network on this ground respectively, and it just constitutes and melts a part into the net.Because the standing net of the Internet does not comprise backbone network, can effectively control them; Also realize united net management easily.This external fail safe and unfailing performance of melting into online open e-commerce and e-government etc. is guaranteed.

Traditional switched telephone network (PSTN) in the communication network, integrated services digital network (Integrated Services DigitalNetwork, ISDN), arrowband N-ISDN, Digital Data Net (DDN), frame relay (FR) net, ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) net etc. be the standing net in the telecommunications network.This standing net of various places is inserted the backbone network on this ground respectively, and it is also formed and melts a part into the net.

Because the digital circuit standard of telecommunication system is different from the standard of using in the backbone network.Therefore need a special hardware, as the interface between backbone network and the telecommunications company's digital circuit.Thisly be called as DSU/CSU (Data Service Unit/ChannelService Unit, device DSU/CSU) comprises two funtion parts, is integrated in usually on the single base plate.DSU port deal with data wherein.It is changed data between two kinds of forms; Promptly change the desired number format of computer equipment of the standing net of number format on the backbone network and telecommunications.The interface standard kind of backbone network depends on the operating rate of telecommunications standing net.If data rate is lower than 56Kbps, melts heart switch and can use rs-232 standard.As for the speed more than the 56Kbps, melt heart switch and must use the hardware interface of supporting higher rate (for example RS-449 or V, the hardware of 35 standards).The CSU port is handled line interruption and diagnosis etc.

Mobile radio communication with melt the main mode of fusion into the net and have two kinds: a kind of is that portable terminal is used as PC; Another kind is to rewrite Internet protocol, makes it more be applicable to Wireless Application Environment.It is the subnet in the telecommunications standing net.

The cable TV arterial grid adopts Hybrid Fiber Coaxial network (HFC), belongs to metropolitan area network.Its deficiency is to transmit TV programme by coaxial cable to the user, also is in dummy level.Its feeder network is selected the arterial grid of optical fiber as transmission medium; Adopt dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) optical fiber technology.When in the HFC net, transmitting analog television program, also can transmit Digital Television and interactive television, provide data and voice communication three kinds of services.Wherein cable modem is except the function that modulating and demodulating signal is arranged, and also has functions such as route, bridge joint, tuning and coding.Hfc plant inserts backbone network by cable modem, and not only the transmission rate of data is fast, and three kinds of services can carry out simultaneously, does not disturb mutually; Can see TV, visit, make a phone call to carry out simultaneously by melting into online net.

Hfc plant is the standing net in the cable television network in the cable TV network; It is a kind of integrated network of high speed cheapness.It has that bandwidth, capacity are big, multi-functional, low-cost, amphicheirality, support multiple business and the advantage that is connected huge numbers of families.This standing net of various places is inserted the backbone network on this ground respectively, and it also becomes and melts a part into the net.

More than show: melting key technology into the net is that information and transmission are separated; Distance transmission system and short range transmission system are separated.Be that each resources in network is separated with transmission, business is separated with control.

By with the various standing nets among telecommunications network (comprising mobile radio communication), the Internet and the cable television network, insert the formed net that melts into of backbone network respectively, be the integrated network that the multifaceted fusion of " unification of three nets " technology becomes.It interconnects in transportation level; In the infiltration of service layer intersection; Use or the coupling internet protocol standard at technological layer.

The principle of various standing net designs is to select a most economical path for transmission of Information in this local area network (LAN) (or local area network (LAN) of expansion); Promptly select the circuit of the minimum computer equipment of shortest path or process.This design has reduced the time delay that continues, and has reduced cost.

The hard disk of database is the equipment and the place of stored information and backup information in the excellent machine network.Enough big hard drive space is to realize the prerequisite of standing net function; Higher I/O (I/O) disposal ability is the necessary condition that guarantees standing net efficient.Because the memory size of standing network server and the performance of central processing unit are also influential to the efficient of standing net.Therefore, the server performance of selected standing net must be complementary with the application scale.

The machine of distinguishing also has the means of the single file security of the most flexible processing.For example, a unit can implement to encrypt or digital signature to indivedual paragraphs of its file that sends.Application layer is unique level that this security service is provided.It can distinguish the different security requirement of a file.

That the network topology structure that the standing net is commonly used has is star-like, ring-like, bus-type, reticular pattern, tree type and mixed type.The determining of the selection of its topological structure and transmission medium and communication control method is closely related.

The standing net is made up of packet switch, the link that connects these switches, computer equipment, terminal network administrative center (NMC) etc.Its structure is according to traffic carrying capacity, flow, the flow direction and geographical situation, and topological structure can be single-stage or multistage.The network topology structure at different levels in each place can be different.

The central apparatus of stelliform connection topology configuration network is commonly referred to hub (Hub).Hub is a kind of electronic installation; It is from the computer equipment receiving information of transmitting terminal, and with message transmission to suitable destination.Typical three grades of star-like standing web frames: the superiors are central core, and its topological structure is star-like; The network of all computer equipment or local area network (LAN) all is connected on the central hub.The center of this superiors network is commonly referred to central hub.The intermediate layer is many StarNet.The network of all computer equipment or local area network (LAN) all is connected on the hub of a plurality of middle levels; These hubs all are connected on the central hub of upper layer network again.Lower floor is single StarNet.All computer equipment or networks all are connected on lower floor's hub.This hub is connected on some hubs among the hub of several middle levels.This is an architecture of a telecommunication network.

Local area network (LAN) hardware is to design for fixing maximum transmitted circuit.Existing several technology can be expanded local area network (LAN).

1) optical fiber can prolong the connection between a computer and the local area network (LAN).At computer terminal, connect the network interface and the fibre optic modem (fiber modem) of computer with cable; At the other end of optical fiber, connect fibre optic modem and local area network (LAN) with cable.

2) repeater is the hardware device that medium is shared in expansion.Each repeater connects two network segments (segment).Repeater can be intercepted all information of a network segment and is forwarded to the another one network segment, and vice versa.

3) bridge (bridge) is connected on the local area network (LAN) as computer.Thereby it can connect the scale that several local area network (LAN)s enlarge local area network (LAN).Bridge system can connect closely or longer-distance LAN segment with copper cable, optical fiber, serial transmission line or satellite channel.

4) switch function of switched LAN (switched LAN) connects a plurality of LAN segments as bridge.These every computers that are connected to switch are just as the LAN segment that is connected to a special use.

The advantage of exchange or Bridged Local Area Network: while exchange message between many computer equipment in the permission system.

The latticed form of standing net can be divided into three kinds: point-to-point direct-passing mode, bifurcation approach and exchanged form.

Exchanged form is a kind of mode of carrying out circuit switched between computer equipment or the terminal by switching equipment neatly, promptly the circuit between two computers kind equipment that requires to communicate by letter or the terminal is connected (connecting automatically), perhaps realized information exchange by software control.Promptly earlier the information stores of source end is got up, and then be forwarded to Su Duan by switching equipment.It can be real-time that this information is transmitted, and also can delay time.

The standing net has the regulation, agreement of a concrete circuit switched of cover and information exchange etc.It had both had information control method, also had the net method for synchronous.The basis of standing net remains communication and computer information processing between points.

The standing netting gear has interoperability (interoperability), portable (portability), extensibility (expandability), Ke putting property of Shrink (scalability) and plug and play (plug﹠amp; Play) feature.It generally is with the distributed principle that is controlled to be, the control structure of employing system, subsystem and module stagewise; Its structure is transplantable and transparent.

4, the general headquarters of unit and its are distributed in excellent machine in each standing net of remote several branches of diverse geographic location, couple together by the heart switch that melts of distinguishing machine and backbone network respectively, the common network of forming (comprising backbone network), make up a proprietary multi-functional net that melts into of safe and reliable internal institution, be called and melt into net Intranet (Fig. 4); Be called for short and melt Intranet.It is by the machine of distinguishing that " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and softwares such as " place end decrypted programs " are housed, each standing net of unit is connected to after the backbone network, the common system that forms is used for providing the validity of melting between each computer equipment of Intranet and the information transmit-receive and the transmission of reliability.

When melting the dedicated network of the business function that contains unit among the Intranet or production task, just form various business and melt Intranet (Fig. 4).

Melt when containing specific function dedicated network (Fig. 4) among the Intranet, just form the functional network series of melting Intranet, be called specific function and melt Intranet.

The various Intranet series of melting is: Web melts Intranet (Fig. 4), object-oriented melts Intranet (Fig. 4) and multimedia is melted Intranet (Fig. 4) etc.

The standing subnet that melts in the Intranet is that physical distribution is on the node of each standing network that backbone network couples together.Each node can be a centralized or distributed standing subnet system, and they all have autonomous disposal ability, finish the topical application of this website.And each node is not incoherent mutually, and they constitute a logic integral body, be unified under the control of distributed standing network management system, fellowship also/or finish global application.

The standing net is that physics is dispersed in and melts on each node of net; And logical centralization is in same system.Physics disperses to refer to that each website (Site) or each node (Node) are dispersed in different places; Be a logic integral body between each website of logical set middle finger, belong to same network management system.

In monitor network, on some equipment camera is installed; Adopt multimedia technology, can realize melting into the real-time video issue in the net.

Existing virtual Intranet is adopted " anti-port " technology to capture by the hacker easily, intrudes into the computer or the data equipment of fire compartment wall back, is one of its major defect.Intranet can't defending computer virus attack, also be one of its major defect.

5, one or several internal networks of affiliate, respectively by distinguishing that machine links to each other with backbone network, with certain unit melt the Intranet system, make up the proprietary network of a safe and reliable and information mutual communication jointly, what be called unit melts into the net extranet, is called for short to melt outer net (Fig. 5).It is the dedicated network by the affiliate, after the machine of the distinguishing interconnection that " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " etc. are housed, with melt the common system that forms of Intranet, be used to provide to the affiliate's of unit network and melt validity between the Intranet and the message transmission of reliability and exchange etc.

The existing virtual network technology that outreaches is carried out illegal internal institution resource access and deception for the address that outreaches network or dedicated network by camouflage, and is powerless; Also can't avoid the hacker to get around authentication and authentication scheme, the camouflage identity is destroyed existing inner computer and is connected.

6, the remote client of certain unit after backbone network is connected, can the unit of login melt outer net or melt Intranet, realizes safe and reliable information interoperability between these networks.These client computer, the system of melting outer net or melting the common composition of Intranet are called unit and melt into the net remote access network, are called for short visit and melt into net (Fig. 6).It is by the unit remote client that " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " etc. are housed, be connected to after the backbone network, with melt outer net or melt the common system that forms of Intranet, be used to provide long-range mobile subscriber that unit is melted outer net or melt the validity and the reliability information visit of Intranet.

Remote client also is equipped with " to the authentication and the authoring program of unit " function etc., can discern the various information of coming in from backbone network.It only allows the information of the computer in the excellent machine network of source end of this unit, after deciphering, enters into remote client.

The method of the granted access that the remote client authentication will realize:, pass through of authentication and the mandate of the machine of distinguishing of visit net to this client computer by the visit information on the backbone network.

Existing remote access vpn technology can't be carried out corresponding safety encipher according to the different safe class of part paragraph in the file; For many address spoofings that carry out illegal internal resource visit by camouflage remote access address, powerless.

What transmit on backbone network melts into visit net information flow through encryption, end-to-end and authentication; Guarantee information confidentiality, integrality and authenticity; Ability with opposing assault network.

7, industrial informationization shows globalization, openingization, computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS), virtual factory and the supply chain management etc. of production.Industrial network becomes the indispensable system of modern enterprise.Melt Intranet and also can be used as a kind of industrial network.

Extensively adopt the smart machine etc. of industrial control computer, Programmable Logic Controller, programmable controller, embedded technology to carry out automated production in the industrial automation system, these smart machines may be installed on same factory, the workshop simultaneously.Need shared data, the division of labor to coordinate between them, finish complicated production task jointly, form the control system of not only disperseing but also concentrating.

A subsidiary factory of factory, utilize network that each equipment, robot, streamline, automation detection and the control system (as numeral control, execute-in-place, instruments monitor, analytical calculation and management system) etc. of production scene are joined together, form an industrial local network, be called industrial standing net.Backbone network is crossed by the industrial standing Netcom of each subsidiary factory, and net is melted in a special use can forming factory, is called factory and melts into net.

This industrial private network realizes stratification, the decentralized and centralization of production function.Be that each controlling object physical location distributes and the control system function is disperseed; Simultaneously controlled function in the stratified set, realizes factory's automated productions at different levels and management again.

In the existing industrial production enterprise, the physical location between each production equipment distributes far away, and their difference on operation principle, control method are very big, but contact each other is tight.The communication of industrial enterprise's employing at present generally is field bus technique and Industrial Ethernet etc.

The informationization of industry shows melts into net.It realizes globalization, openingization, computer integrated manufacturing system virtual factory, supply chain management etc.

Among the existing C IMS, network is that the multilayer subnet by isomery constitutes.It does not also have unified standard for a long time.

Existing power information backbone network is made up of the backbone network in national and each province, urban district.This cable network is to be erected at the special OPGW optical cable on the 220kV high voltage transmission line, to belong to the dedicated network of Utilities Electric Co..

Existing industrial information net (comprising hardware device, relevant software code and security strategy) or VPN(Virtual Private Network) technology, adopted " anti-port " technology to capture by hacker (HACK) easily, intruding into the computer or the data equipment of the unit dedicated network of fire compartment wall back, is one of its major defect.It can't defending computer virus attack, also be one of its major defect.

For mininet, the software module of excellent machine can directly be inserted on the expanded function groove of the machine of distinguishing.The machine of distinguishing directly is connected with excellent machine network.

Description of drawings: Fig. 1 melts into the net schematic diagram.It is by backbone network and the common interconnected underlying network that combines of many dissimilar standing nets.It is separated message transmission and function of exchange and the information processing function.Remote be separated with message transmission closely.Backbone network is the incomplete reticular pattern structural network of one-level; And the standing net is multistage various topological structures network.

The excellent machine network of Fig. 2 (being the standing net) schematic diagram.Assemblies such as some computer equipment in certain geographic area and resource apparatus, be connected with the transmission medium that limits distance by interface circuit and form, and, be exactly the standing net by the local area network (LAN) in mutual communication between these assemblies of network operating system software control and shared time source.Standing net output interface adopts identical Internet protocol IP.

Fig. 3 unit's proprietary network schematic diagram.Certain unit connects excellent machine in each standing net that computer equipment and resource apparatus form according to the network topology structure of local area network (LAN), by input/output interface, is connected with the machine of distinguishing respectively; Each distinguishes another output/input interface of machine, is connected with the heart switch that melts of backbone network; Just be built into this unit validity and reliability and the proprietary network information interoperability.

The various Intranet schematic diagrames that melt of Fig. 4.The general headquarters of unit and its are distributed in each excellent machine professional or the standing net produced such as several trans-regional branches of diverse geographic location, respectively by distinguishing machine, couple together with the heart switch that melts of backbone network, and the business of being configured to is melted Intranet.Business is melted Intranet and can be divided into: specific function is melted interior, WWW and is melted Intranet, object-oriented and melt that Intranet, multimedia are melted Intranet, knowledge is melted Intranet and the fuzzy Intranet etc. of melting.

Fig. 5 melts the outer net structural representation.The excellent machine of one or several internal networks of the affiliate of certain unit by distinguishing machine, is connected with the heart switch that melts of backbone network respectively.This unit melt Intranet and affiliate's internal network, make up safe and reliable and the information mutual communication proprietary network.

Fig. 6 melts into visit web frame schematic diagram.The remote client of unit behind the melting heart switch and be connected of backbone network, can the unit of login melt outer net or melt Intranet, realize and these networks between safe and reliable interoperability.

Embodiment

Standing net and various combination thereof can move in freedom, open the melting on the backbone platform into the net integrated, can with the network of other system, carry out interoperability by backbone network, and can provide a kind of interactive mode of unifying style to the user.

Melting into net is a network that builds on the IP, can hold various forms of information; Realize the transmission and the management of audio frequency, video and data-signal.

1, melting into net is on Internet resources (comprising information processing) and basis that message transmission is separated, and information long-distance transmissions and short range transmission are separated once more.Internet resources are to be made of various computer equipment and terminal (wherein not comprising simple message exchange equipment); Message transmission is to be born by message exchange equipment and transmission medium.Melt into net (Fig. 1) and give backbone network (comprise and melt heart switch) information long-distance transmissions task specific assigned; And with information short range transmission task specific assigned to message exchange equipment in the standing net and transmission medium; Information processing is born by computer equipment or terminal.Its standing net is specially for the user provides rich and varied Network, and provides functions such as its necessary management, maintenance and charging for Virtual network operator.Its backbone network is naked wide area network; Bear information long-distance transmissions and exchange specially, the division of labor is clear and definite, and is simple in structure.

Because backbone network is made up of the unified same a kind of incomplete reticular pattern topological structure that has only one-level; And just realize ground floor to the four layer functions in the TCP/IP hierarchical mode (layering model).Therefore its webmaster becomes easily and is simple.

In melting into net, the user finishes by Transmission Control Protocol to the user's data transmission; Each network interconnection between the standing net inside, each standing net and backbone network interconnected then generally can be realized by the IP agreement.

With the long-distance fiber optic core net of telecommunications network and the national optical fiber backbone net of cable television network, separate from telecommunication department and cable TV department respectively; Again constitute backbone network with melting heart switch (also can adopt packet switching exchange or router etc.).Transfer personnel by telecommunication department and cable TV department and reformulate the management of carrying on the work of a unified company; Its income is the circuit rent of backbone network.The said firm belongs to the administration of national State Assets Administration Committee.

The data communication of the Hybrid Fiber Coaxial of (comprising business such as fax and data) such as the public telephone networks of telecommunications network, cable tv broadcast net etc. and the Internet and the professional local area network (LAN) of data processing etc. (comprise sound, figure, image etc. communicate by letters and manage business) division is come out, belonged to telecommunications company, CNN and Internet firm respectively and manage.Standing net that these have nothing in common with each other inserts after the backbone network, can carry out communication such as sound, figure, image respectively and manage business, and service network is mutual, impels the network market further open, the market environment of creation fair competition.

About the interface problem between each entity that melts into backbone network and standing net in the net, all there is relevant industry standard in China the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.Aspect the signaling of telecommunications, adopt signalling system No.7; But SS7 converts the IP carrying to by SGW in the IP transmission network, abides by the Internet engineering duty group (Internet Engineering Task Force, the IETF) SIGTRAN of Zhi Dinging; Melting between heart switch and the various medium gateway then is the common MEGACO/H.248 agreement of formulating of ITU-T and IETF; A plurality of melting between the heart switch communicates by the SIP-T agreement of IETF formulation or the Bearer Independent Call Control Protocol of ITU-T formulation.The interface that melts between heart switch and standing net or the application server has multiple choices, and the Session Initiation Protocol that can adopt IETF to formulate also can adopt open API standard, for example, and the OSA/Parlay API standard of organizing to set up by OSA and Parlay.Aspect medium, medium gateway is responsible for the voice in the existing switching network are packaged into the IP grouping, transmits on backbone network with the form of rtp streaming.

Melt into net and adopt IP technology carrying diverse network business; (IP-the next generation, IPng) IPv6 technology solve address problem and improve network throughput also can to adopt the Next Generation Internet agreement; Adopt multiprotocol label switching (Multi-Protocol Label Switching), realize (the combination of ATM/FR, PPP, Ethernet or synchronous digital hierarchy (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, SDH), light wave) of IP layer and multiple link layer protocol; (Optical Transport Network OTN) and optical switch (or novel melt heart switch), solves and transmits and high bandwidth is exchangeed problem to adopt Optical Transmission Network OTN; Adopt access network technology, the user who solves last 1km inserts problem.

Melt into net and adopt to merge, separate and open architecture, the function of switch in traditional communication network and the cable television network is become the independently router or the switching equipment that melt heart switch and standing net of backbone network; Adopt open agreement or api interface between each entity, broken the situation of conventional telecommunications net and cable television network sealing, realized the fusion between the multiple heterogeneous network.

Therefore melt into backbone network in the net and support the business of all dissimilar and different rates, as narrow band services such as voice, faxes; Radio and television, high definition TV etc. distribute molded breadth band business; Interactive broadband services such as video telephone, interactive television, video conference; Demblee form broadband services such as high speed data transfer etc.Melt in the net by optical cable and melt the backbone network that heart switch forms very high information transfer rate and very wide frequency band can be arranged.

Server class computer can adopt the operating system software of DOS, UNIX/Linux or Windows etc.

The operating system of melting server into the net generally adopts the Linux kernel software.Its highly effective and safe is stable.Linux server continuous operating time generally be with year as unit.Linux supports the multiple hardwares platform.It can be at PC, work station, even moves on the large-scale computer, and can move on the architecture of main flows such as x86/MIPS/PowerPC.Linux both can be applied to PC, can be applied to the webserver again.

Linux kernel adopts modular structure, and its main modular comprises: the guiding of storage administration, CPU and management of process, file system management, equipment control and driving, network service and system, system call etc.Linux allows the kernel of user according to the actual disposition customization Linux of the standing net of own unit, thereby simplifies linux kernel effectively, improves system start-up speed, and discharges more memory source.

The software platform of the standing net of unit has determined the result of its working method, operating efficiency and production thereof to a great extent.

The linux system structure is divided into two attitudes: user's attitude and kernel mode.

In kernel mode, operating system and CPU are without any restriction.Program can be carried out all level of privilege instructions, and code can be visited all Installed System Memories.The privilege level of operating system software is higher than application software.By this mechanism, the improper activity of application program can not destroy the stability of system on the whole.

The graphic user interface that Linux provides (GUI) scheme is industrial standard X-Window System.Its similar Windows graphical interfaces.The user can use the mouse convenience, intuitively and quickly operate.Linux is being better than other operating system aspect communication and the network function; Be multitask, multi-user's operating system, can support a plurality of users to use simultaneously and system resources such as the disk of shared system, external equipment.

The software of computer equipment is the special-purpose software of working out for the every function that realizes in the standing net, is also referred to as Control Software.It leaves among the program storage EPROM of computer equipment.The function setting and the controlling schemes of each standing net have nothing in common with each other, and determine according to concrete requirement.

The basic function of each standing net is made up of a plurality of functional modules; Different software configurations is also different with way to manage to the arrangement of these functional modules.Its feature is multitask and real-time, and the corresponding software technology that can adopt is that multitask is handled and multiple Real-time Interrupt Processing simultaneously.It is to make server class computer finish the identical or different work of two or more character at synchronization or in the same time interval that multitask is handled simultaneously.In the multiple Real-time Interrupt Processing system, interrupt management is mainly finished by hardware, and the software configuration of standing net then depends on the interrupt structure of system.The every real-time task of standing net is arranged to different priorities.It generally is a multiple microprocessor structure.

The interrupt-type infrastructure software is arranged in the various functional modules of standing net respectively in the interrupt service routine of different stage except initialize routine.The management and dispatching of standing net mainly solves by the intercommunication mutually between each interrupt routine.。

The input data processor function of server class computer: the program that receives or work out professional task, with service order and data that standing net program is represented with standard code decipher, data processing, and assembler and data form in accordance with regulations deposited.Wherein input program mainly contains two tasks, and one is from optical mark reader or keyboard incoming traffic task, programs and it is left in the task program memory; Another is from the task program memory business procedure section to be accessed piecemeal outward, sends into buffering area, so that decoding is used.

The standing net can at one time or be finished the identical or different work of two or more character in the same time interval.This need realize the multi-task parallel processing to each functional module of server class computer software.For this reason, can in the server class computer software design, adopt the resource timesharing to share parallel processing and the overlapping flowing water parallel processing technique of resource.

Melting the hub transmission that heart switch is in backbone network, is to realize high speed audio frequency and video and the route of multi-medium data amount and the key of exchange.Melt into net and can adopt IPv6 and MPLS, the QoS greater than present IP network can be provided.

(TelecommunicationsManagement Network is TMN) as the fundamentals of management with the telecommunication management network with international standard protocol, interface and architecture that ITU-T proposes to melt into net.

TMN provides management function for the business of backbone network and standing net.It on some different nodes with melt into net and link to each other to fetch and receive and send messages, control and supervising the network are operated.TMN provides the standard interface of a series of support network management system interoperability; The communication structure of an opening has been proposed; Can carry out various dynamic bookkeepings.

The functional architecture of TMN does not comprise physical details, does not relate to communication unit and interface yet, just distributes from describing its inner function in logic, reaches the organic assembling of logical various functional blocks, realizes the complex management target of TMN.

Data communication function (DCF) piece among the webmaster application TMN of backbone network is the management of information means in return, finish the transmission-receiving function of information.DCF provides the management function of selecting route, switching and exchange in addition.It relates to the management function of physical layer, link layer and the network layer of osi model.Backbone network is mainly realized 1,2,3,4 layer the function of OSI.The physical connection that its needs can be provided by standing net (as the Hybrid Fiber Coaxial of private wire network, Packet Switch Data Network, ISDN, CCSN common channel signalling network, public switched telephone network, cable tv broadcast net and local area network (LAN) etc.).The data communication network of backbone network (DCN) by standard Q3 interface, is connected network element (NE), Q adapter (QA) and mediation device (MD) with operation system (OS).The DCN of backbone network is by the Qx interface in addition, and realization MD is connected with NE or QA's.

Utilize standard interface to continue mutually between NE, OS, QA, the MD.Utilize these interfaces that each management system of TMN is continued mutually.For the network equipment that does not have the interoperability interface, need be the interoperability interface format with agreement and conversion of signals.This conversion is finished by signal communication function (MCF) and QA function; The MCF function can reside among QA, NE, MD or the OS.

Operation system function (OSF) piece among the standing net application TMN is as the professional Network Management function of operation.Because it is inequality that name is planted the standing net; Therefore need all kinds of OSF.The structure of operation system can be centralized, also can be distributed.

The webmaster of standing net is made up of a series of transmission entities between SNI (SNI) and the User Network Interface (UNI).SNI is the interface between heart switch and the standing net of melting of backbone network; UNI is the interface between standing net and the user network (user network is meant that user side arrives the standing net).The service node of standing net and backbone network is to melt heart switch; The type of the service node of its inner each network is diversified, as the node etc. of node machine, ATM switch and IP network of circuit switching exchange, isdn switch, various data networks.The user network type is also a lot, and is greatly to an IP-Based LANs, little of a user terminal.

2, the basic hardware of connection long-distance transmission line is the critical piece that melts heart switch.This switch can be with two network interconnections of using different technologies (comprising different transmission mediums, physics addressing scheme or frame format).Two naked wide area networks of its general connection; Has TCP/IP Internet protocol software; Realize the general connection of the naked wide area network of isomery.Wherein naked wide area network is meant the wide area network that has only transmission line and remote message switching equipment to form; General connection is meant between interconnected several naked wide area networks afterwards, can transmits information mutually and receive and send messages.

Melt heart switch and generally contain two kinds of input/output interfaces.Wherein first kind of interface and broadband, high-speed line are connected in another and melt heart switch.Second kind of interface has lower transmission rate, is used to connect a computer equipment or a local area network (LAN) etc.

Melt the exchange control technology that heart switch adopts hardware and software to combine.The basic function of melting heart exchange is: realize the controlled function of route and calling respectively by hardware and software, comprise route or call routing, connection control (comprising foundations/dismountings circuit), manage and control and signalling interworking etc.; And realize that call transfer is separated with calling out control, is separated control, exchange and programmable functions.

The packet switching function of backbone network, actual is to be born by the computer (being generally and melting heart switch, also can be other switch or router) of a dedicated high performance disposal ability.When its arithmetic speed was enough fast, packet transaction and transmission time were just very short, therefore can carry out real time communication.It adopts STDM technology (STDM).Concerning the user, two class transmission meanss are arranged, i.e. " virtual circuit " and " datagram ".

Each backbone network has all defined computer employed frame format when transceive data, and is the physical address that has been connected to every computer devices allocation on the backbone network.When sending a frame to an other computer, the sender must provide the address of purpose computer.

Backbone network generally uses level address scheme (hierarchical addressing scheme), is merotomized in an address.Wherein the simplest level address scheme, be that an address is divided into two parts: first represents to melt heart group of switches (or melting heart switch), and second portion represents to be connected to each local area network (LAN) or metropolitan area network or the computer equipment on this group of switches (maybe this melts heart switch).Level address technology can be so that the efficient of forwarding information be higher.

Packet arrives a certain specific melting before the heart group of switches, and the forwarding of the next stop does not also rely on the source address of packet, does not rely on the path of being passed by yet.The next stop only depends on the destination address in the packet; This phenomenon is called source address independence (source independence).

Melt the address date structure of the next stop group of switches information of storing in the heart group of switches, be called and melt routing table into the net (routing table).In order to save the space, melt routing table into the net normally to melt heart group of switches (or melting heart switch) rather than local area network (LAN), metropolitan area network, computer equipment or terminal as the destination.

Melt heart group of switches and transmit the process of a packet, be called route (routing) to the next stop.

Data packet transmission also can adopt virtual circuit (Virtual Circuit) mode in the backbone network.The data that the user sends are with block form, adopt STDM along separately logical sub-channel, through network node and trunk line, arrive its purpose terminal.The node that connects by certain topological structure in the backbone network melts heart switch by one or many and forms.Melt heart switch and have many ports, receive grouping, and, select the another port to send according to the information such as end address in the packets headers from a certain type port.It also can be by same port while transceive data newspaper.

In order to finish storage-forwarding capability, melting heart switch must cushion packet in its memory.Storage operation is to carry out when packet arrives: melt the I/O hardware of heart switch, be placed on the copy of a packet in the memory and notification processor (interrupting as using).Transmit (forward) operation then.Processor is checked packet, and which interface decision delivers to, and starts output hardware so that send packet.

Use the backbone network of storage-forward mode, packet is transmitted in backbone network with the allowed prestissimo of its hardware.The more important thing is that if there are many packets all must deliver to same output equipment, melting heart switch can be stored in packet in the memory always, vacates up to this output equipment.

Switching system in the backbone network uses storage-retransmission technique, enters in the formation arriving at the packet that melts heart switch, and continues to transmit forward towards the destination in suitable.This technology makes melts the heart exchange function short-term burst packet that arrives is simultaneously cushioned.

Melting heart switch is a computer with high-performance treatments ability that aims at the function of exchange design.It adopts the exchanging interconnection matrix and the broadband switching backplane technology of multiple bus.Melting heart switch has an address table, and each content mainly is medium accesses control (Medium AccessControl, MAC) number of address and port in the table.Its technology is to adopt the technology of special function of exchange hardware and adopt the technology common combination of software control exchange to constitute.These two kinds of technology also are to melt core technology of melting heart switch into the net.When melting heart switch when a certain port is received a packet, its software is carried out two actions to packet: the one, and whether the source MAC of checking this packet is in its address table, if do not have, then this MAC Address is added in the address table, it just knows that this MAC Address is at that port later on; The 2nd, whether the target MAC (Media Access Control) address of checking this packet is in address table, if this address table in address table, then sends to corresponding port with this packet, otherwise with this data packet discarding, and send a message to source port.

Because melting heart switch has an address table to write down which MAC Address at that port.Therefore it needn't send to all of the port with this bag as broadcast data packet, and only needs this bag is sent to corresponding port, thereby makes the incoherent port can parallel communications.Melt heart switch and have this function of " memory address " automatically.It divides sub-local area network (LAN) (VLAN), follows IEEE802 standard and CGMP (Cisco GroupManagement Protocol) propriety standard.

Melt the heart switch Network layer function of router is incorporated, so it has the repertoire of router, make the routing function of backbone network be distributed on each switching node.It loads the 3rd layer of forwarding hardware module, realizes that forwarding capability is fully by hardware burden; Transmit and multi-address broadcast etc. comprising routing inquiry, the 3rd layer.

Melt heart switch and set up the whole network routing table with routing mode; When for example setting up backbone network, between several virtual subnets, carry out information exchange, need the simple Routing Protocol of operation this moment, as route Internet protocol (RIP), ospf (OSPF) etc.

Melt the also short technology of in routing table, searching certain route institute time-consuming of Cai Yong Shrink of heart switch.Usual method is some purpose network port address paths commonly used of storage in advance in buffer memory.When sending or receiving a packet, port can directly find out the destination address of packet fast in routing table, determines the path of its destination route.

Backbone network is separated " call out to control " function from medium gateway, by network or melt software on the heart switch, realize call routing, connect control (setting up, remove session), management control and signalling interworking (from the signalling system No.7 to IP).Melting heart switch provides calling control, Medium Exchange, the business of conventional switch and insert these four functions and separate fully, and the network components that utilizes some to have the interface of opening a mine is finished each function.Melting heart switch is the set with network components of open interface agreement.Its core can be used as independently backbone network parts in software function, and naked wide area network is interconnected, and the basic function of information transmission and exchange is provided for all long-distance transmission lines.

Melt the exchange control technology that heart switch adopts hardware and software to combine.The basic function of melting heart switch is: realize the controlled function of route and calling respectively by hardware and software, comprise route or call routing, connection control (comprising foundations/dismountings circuit), manage and control and signalling interworking etc.; And realize that call transfer is separated with calling out control, is separated control, exchange and programmable functions.

Melt and adopt the MEGACO/H.248 agreement between heart switch and the various medium gateway; The content of agreement is basic identical.Wherein destination node (Termination) sends and/or receives 1 or a plurality of data flow.In a multimedia conferencing, 1 destination node can be supported multiple medium, and sends or receive a plurality of Media Streams.In destination node, Media Stream parameter, Modem and bearing capacity parameter have been encapsulated; And related (Context) shown the annexation between some destination nodes.

A plurality of melting between the heart switch is to communicate by SIP-T agreement or Bearer Independent Call Control Protocol.The scheme that Bearer Independent Call Control Protocol adopts call signaling to separate with the carrier signaling function.Utilize it can redefine the call control signalling agreement of using in the backbone network, comprise the diverse network of signalling system No.7 network, atm network and IP network.Call control protocol is continued to use the related news in the ISDNYong Hubufen based on N-ISDN user terminal part signaling, and (Application Transport Mechanism ATM), transmits the specific bear control information of Bearer Independent Call Control Protocol to utilize application transport mechanism.Owing to adopt to call out the mechanism of separating with carrying, it is very simple to make that business intercommunication between the network of xenogenesis carrying becomes, and only need finish the intercommunication of carrying level, and business need not change.The transmission information service of backbone network is much simpler than the Internet, television network or telecommunications network corresponding service.

The interface that melts between heart switch and standing net or the application server has multiple choices, and the Session Initiation Protocol that can adopt IETF to formulate also can adopt open API standard, for example, and the OSA/Parlay API standard of organizing to set up by OSA and Parlay.Aspect medium, medium gateway is responsible for the voice in the existing switching network are packaged into the IP grouping, transmits on backbone network with the form of rtp streaming.

When the arithmetic speed of melting heart switch was enough fast, packet transaction and transmission time were just very short, so backbone network can carry out real time communication.

In melting into net (Fig. 1), each that identical " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " standardization program are housed can be set distinguish machine.Distinguish that machine all can monitor the information of turnover standing net for every, and refusal is illegally to the visit of unit standing net.3, the standing net satisfies the requirement of interactive application and stability: have interoperability; Can distinguish the different security requirements of a concrete file; The foundation structure that can use public-key authenticates and encryption key distribution.The standing net also can not adorned the machine of distinguishing, directly with melt heart switch and be connected.

Each distinguishes that machine also can be equipped with identical " to unit authentication and authoring program " standardization program in the standing net, and these distinguish the Access Control List (ACL) that each Hostname (perhaps address) in each IP address table of distinguishing machine and each excellent machine network is all arranged in the machine.Distinguish that machine all can monitor the information of turnover standing net for every like this, and refusal is illegally to the visit of internal institution network.

The standing net must be considered following pith.

1) hardware: hardware resource is the material base that supports standing net system.Hard disk is the equipment and the place of storage standing net and backup thereof.Enough big hard drive space is to realize the prerequisite of standing net system; Higher I/O disposal ability is the necessary condition that guarantees standing net system effectiveness.Excellent machine, server and distinguish the memory size of machine and the CPU processing speed also influential to system effectiveness.As internal memory very little, make spatial cache limited, the access speed of data can descend.Therefore, selected host performance must be complementary with the application scale.

2) software: the standing net must be selected a suitable network operating system.For application programming, also should choose high-level language and application development tool thereof with this system coordination.

For trans-regional or global enterprises, group and industry, though distributing, department disperse contact closely, the Decentralization of the existing part of way to manage has overall Collaborative Control again.The standing net is a kind of application system that adapts to Local treatment and the collaborative work of overall situation processing energy.

The main distinction of standing net and existing distributed network system is whether support global application.So-called global application is meant the standing net that relates to two or more nodes in the application.Standing net (Fig. 2) is the product that the computer equipment and technology of local area network technology and unit combines, and depends on the topological structure of shared network.

Excellent facility have microprocessor and memory, and input button, display etc. are housed.Its memory integrated circuit has the circuit of data storage (EEPROM), working storage (RAM) and journey memory (EPROM).Excellent machine deposit network operating system (Network Operating System, NOS).The resource of its control area net, the operation of operation local area network (LAN).

Excellent machine generally adopts the figure place of CPU more than 32; More than the main frame frequency 20MHz; Internal memory 128MB is above and be furnished with the harddisk memory of enough capacity.It is excellent machine server, and the operational network operating system software manages the communication between each standing net, and the resource of management standing net and user are to the use of these resources.Excellent machine generally adopts wavelength-division, time-division or control in real time; Have disposal ability multi-functional, multitask, support the data format of miscellaneous service, can in time transmit and handle specific tasks.

The server class computer of each standing net couples together by the communication transmission cable of network interface unit and standing net, makes can both to intercom mutually between any a pair of server class computer in the standing net and can share excellent machine Internet resources (Fig. 2).

NetWare386 has made full use of the microprocessor performance of Intel microcomputer series, is the industrial standard of local area network (LAN).It is a multitask, multiple-user network operating system; Be installed on the excellent machine.The shell (NetWare Sell) of standing net internal memory NetWare, user's service request of intercepting standing net, and judged.If to the visit of this standing net, just request is handled to the server class computer of standing net; If, then request is delivered to excellent machine to the request of excellent machine, handle by excellent machine, again the result is sent back to the user.

Each server class computer between the excellent machine network also can directly communicate and information interchange by transmission medium.It can also to the transmission various information implement security hierarchical managements: some the part paragraph in the information, according to its different safe class, carry out corresponding safety encipher.

Excellent facility have all logic functions of reading, translating standing net and server class computer, the various information of energy identification standing net and the function of resource.

Excellent machine has various standard interface circuit, also has some special interface circuits, so that interconnect with the interface circuit of special standing net.

Excellent machine also includes excellent machine network is managed, and guarantees its safe and reliable supervisor.It sends the document except giving excellent machine network, can also be according to the needs of the concrete request of standing net, do some other thing (as the data of input, write the standing net or to its data inquire about, add, processing such as modification and deletion, and a result who needs sent to standing net etc.).

The resource timesharing is shared parallel processing and is applicable to single processor system, and main the employing shared the parallel processing that solves multitask to the timesharing of CPU.The overlapping flowing water parallel processing of resource is applicable to multicomputer system, is two or more tasks of handling in the same period time interval.Because the technical finesse mode difference of two kinds of work, corresponding standing net software also can be designed to different version.Different software configurations, to the arrangement difference of each task, way to manage is also different.Bench-type software configuration and interrupt-type software configuration before and after wherein having.

The standing net of enterprise is the elementary cell of automatic structure, is applicable to industry-by-industry in the industrial circle.It by RS-232 and RS-422 serial line interface closely, forms various types of production line series with the computer equipment of one group of difference in functionality; Carry out the several data exchange with computer.

The standing net uses extensive and very lagre scale integrated circuit (VLSIC), can reduce the failure rate of standing net significantly.It also has the fault diagnosis system of artificial intelligence (AI) function simultaneously, promptly various failure causes and the method for disposal thereof that brainstrust is grasped is stored in the standing net as knowledge base, with the knowledge base is according to developing software, analyze and search failure cause, proposing the method for fixing a breakdown.

The specific function dedicated network of standing net stores the production of this unit or the data of task.It in time closes this library file to after the standing online article spare operation, in order to avoid artificial misoperation or other faults take place, and cause the damage of Current Library file.

After the list structure definition of standing net, can make amendment as required.

(Network File System NFS) allows application program to open a telefile, moves to an assigned address hereof, and begins to read and write data in this position in standing online article spare system.

Fig. 3 connects each standing net that computer equipment and resource apparatus are formed for certain unit according to the network topology structure of local area network (LAN), and wherein excellent machine is connected with the machine of distinguishing respectively by input/output interface; Each distinguishes another output/input interface of machine, is connected with the heart switch that melts of backbone network; Just be built into the unit proprietary network of this unit validity and reliability.

The machine of distinguishing generally adopts the CPU figure place more than 32; More than the main frame frequency 20MHz; More than the internal memory 32MB.

For mininet standing net, the program module of excellent machine can directly be inserted on the expanded function groove of the machine of distinguishing.It is excellent machine and distinguish that machine directly merges.

Network standing net satisfies interactive application and stability requirement; Has interoperability; Can distinguish the different security requirements of each several part of a concrete file; The foundation structure that can use public-key authenticates and encryption key distribution.

Just in case the standing net suffers virus attack on the backbone network, also only distinguish the machine paralysis, can't have influence on the standing net and normally move.

The machine of distinguishing also can all external references of detail record; Prevent the unauthorized access of external information on the backbone network simultaneously.It makes extraneous computer equipment, for the visit of standing net, can only concentrate on the machine of distinguishing earlier.This just guarantees the reliable and safety of all excellent machines that standing is online or standing net.The machine of distinguishing also allows coupled excellent machine, by backbone network, transmits and receive the enciphered message of other standing nets of native system.

The machine of distinguishing of standing net not only contains the program of work station, and (message authentication code, MAC) technology is encoded to the transmission data, guarantees to be subjected to the information integrity of malicious attack but also can adopt message authentication codes.Its typical encoding mechanism is cryptographic hash (cryptographic hashing) mechanism.

Backup software provides complete data protection technology.For example Veritas NetBackup software adopts the level Four hierarchical structure, adapts to multiple application structure.Its technical characterstic is that flexible setting, disaster recovery, parallel processing, data are reliable, easy to use, monitoring capacity and system be according to recovering etc.

For the business of the various standing nets that may handle at present, be placed in online storage (OnStore) equipment, guarantee to read at any time these information.For taking precautions against contingent data disaster, use offline storage (OffStore) equipment that the data of these standing nets are carried out back-up storage.

After fault takes place, can utilize standing net backup (Backup) that the standing net is reduced (Restore), on the basis of reduction, utilize journal file (Log) that the standing net is recovered then, rebulid a complete standing net.The basis of recovering is the backup and the journal file of standing net.Have only complete backup of standing net and journal file, just complete recovery can be arranged.

Use virtual memory (Storage Virtualization) backup management software, a transparent storage system can be provided.Backup server instruction according to the standing net backups to the inactive data automatic archiving under the archival back-up catalogue in nearline storage (NearStore) equipment automatically, and the historical data automatic archiving is backuped in the offline storage equipment.

The standardization program of melting into the machine of distinguishing in the net is:

" program of audit program " function: after the machine of distinguishing of source end or Su Duan receives cleartext information, information is checked, find after the random procedure wherein, they are arranged in together, and temporarily be stored in the external memory, simultaneously the first road program be presented on the display screen of designated computer.If some program is the legal procedure that allows its visit; Then the user selects " allowing later on " final election item when prompting occurring for the first time, distinguishes and can not inquire once more when machine is met these programs later on, and allow its visit.When the user does not answer within a certain period of time or selects " not allowing " final election item, the machine of distinguishing just abandons this program.The source end distinguishes that machine and Su Duan distinguish that machine moves this program; Can prevent that virus attack from distinguishing the network that organizational security protects.

" source end encipheror " function: the source end is distinguished machine sends desire by backbone network cleartext information back, adds the secret key of symmetric cryptography; With this data splitting input one-way hash function (Message Digest), draw hash (Hash) value (being called source end hashed value); Then source end hashed value is added in cleartext information (not comprising key) back, encrypt, become ciphertext with key; The Su Duan that at last this ciphertext seen off distinguishes machine.

" place end decrypted program " function: Su Duan distinguishes that machine with the cipher key shared that unit or unit arrange in advance, becomes the decrypt ciphertext that receives expressly, obtains cleartext information and source end hashed value; Key is added in cleartext information (not comprising hashed value) back; With this data splitting, input is the one-way hash function of agreement in advance, obtains hashed value (being called place end hashed value); This place end hashed value is compared with the source end hashed value that receives; If these two hashed values are identical; Confirm that then this information distinguishes that from legal source end machine sends, accept this information; Otherwise abandon this information.

Distinguish that facility have the information that the computer in the excellent machine network of certain unit is sent to computer in (perhaps receiving) another excellent machine network of this unit, after the encryption (or deciphering), are transmitted to the standardization program of backbone network etc.; It is the program that it contains processing information flow etc.

Between two computer equipment, communicate by letter (Fig. 3) that carries out validity and reliability by backbone network is as follows in two excellent machine networks:

Distinguish machine with the source end that excellent machine network is connected, " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " etc. are housed, can encrypt various information, and only allow the information of the computer in the excellent machine network of this source end, after encrypting, enter backbone network.

The Su Duan that is connected with excellent machine network distinguishes machine, " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " etc. are housed, can decipher the various information of coming in from backbone network, and only allow the computerized information in the excellent machine network of source end of the excellent machine network of other source ends of this unit or affiliate's appointment, after deciphering, enter into the receiving computer of the excellent machine network of place end.

The machine of distinguishing can also have an other cover standardization program to be:

The simple approach of authentication (Authentication) is a database of setting up a username and password in distinguishing machine.

The machine of distinguishing passes through Access Control List (ACL), and (Access Control List ACL) carries out authentication.This username and password Database Lists is discerned the excellent machine network of dissimilar source ends (being its address representative with the machine of the distinguishing IP address that links to each other with this network) identity simply.

Authorize (Authorization) to stipulate then what the user after obtaining this excellent machine network qualification of visit, can do.

Authentication and mandate new method are to set up a user or unit name, IP address, password and authorization privilege database.

The machine of the distinguishing Access Control List (ACL) of unit is used for carrying out user's (referring to other unit, affiliate unit or remote client or tissue) authentication.This tabulation distinguishes that to dissimilar source ends (user name) machine IP address and user's password carries out identification.The password that has only user name, IP address and user with in this Access Control List (ACL) when identical, could guarantee to come into force based on the authentication of address.

" to user's authentication encryption and authoring program " function: user's (referring to other unit, affiliate unit or remote client), encrypts with private key for user at the password that certain unit stays it; Ciphertext is as user's digital signature; With the unit PKI to digital signature and symmetric key encryption, as confidential paper; With cleartext information, user name and client public key symmetric key encryption; The source end distinguishes that machine is with this ciphertext, confidential paper; By backbone network, the Su Duan of the unit's of passing to proprietary network distinguishes machine; The Yong Si Keying of unit is decrypted confidential paper; Then with symmetric key with this decrypt ciphertext, obtain cleartext information, user name, client public key and number signature that the user sends; Yong Hu Gong Keying is with the deciphering of number signature; This Su Duan distinguishes that machine contrasts the relevant information in user name, IP address and user cipher and the unit data storehouse.If entirely true, unit confirms that this information is that the user sends; This distinguishes that machine is by visiting its control tabulation; Determine user right; By the excellent machine of place end, be given to the receiving computer of corresponding authority again.

" to unit authentication encryption and authoring program " function: the close encryption that unit stays in this unit user's (referring to other unit, affiliate unit or remote client) with its private key, ciphertext is as the units word signature; User's PKI to units word signature and symmetric key encryption, as confidential paper; With cleartext information, unit name and unit PKI, use symmetric key encryption; The source end distinguishes that machine is with this ciphertext, confidential paper; By backbone network, the place end client computer or the other unit Su Duan that pass to the user distinguish machine; The user uses its private key, and confidential paper is decrypted; With symmetric key with this decrypt ciphertext, cleartext information, unit name and unit PKI that the unit of obtaining sends; With the Gong Keying of unit the units word signature is deciphered; Obtain the password that the user stays in unit; Place end subscriber or other unit are distinguished the password contrast of machine with password unit of being reserved in it then.If entirely true, the user confirms that then this information is that unit sends.

Melt multiple processor system into the net data are dispersed in the different nodes, and contact directly with application system.

Standing net network not only requires the physical distribution of data, and to require this distribution be application oriented and multimedia etc.

4, melt in the Intranet (Fig. 4), each of unit distinguishes that machine is equipped with identical " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " standardization program.Distinguish that machine all can monitor the information of turnover standing net for every, and refusal is illegally to the visit of internal institution standing net.

In melting Intranet, each of unit distinguishes that machine also can be equipped with identical " to unit authentication and authoring program " standardization program, and these distinguish all have in the machine other each distinguish the Access Control List (ACL) of each Hostname (perhaps address) in the IP address table of machine and each excellent machine network.Distinguish that machine all can monitor the information of excellent machine network of turnover backbone network for every, and refusal is illegally to the visit of internal institution network.

Be based upon a standing net application program on the Client, what finish at server end is management, tissue and the processing of data, and business service promptly is provided; In transmission over networks is the request of client computer and result or the information that server returns; What finish at client-side is the result and the User Interface of standing network server.Therefore client computer, server and middleware constitute the foundation structure of Client.

Server can provide at a high speed, jumbo memory function, powerful data processing and management function, and the function of a plurality of processes of concurrent running.It also provides functions such as communication and Business Processing; Generally be divided into file server, computer equipment, service server and other servers etc.

Client computer is made up of graphic user interface (GUI) and application code, and application program proposes standing net query requests, and such request is sent to server.It is mainly finished the interface and represents and some standing net logic functions.The interface presentation logic reflects that on the one hand application program to standing net processing logic, provides end user's use interface on the other hand.The user visits various servers by client interface, is served accordingly, comprises mutual with all peripheral hardwares (terminal) and other I/O equipment.

Middleware (Middleware) is the collection of software engineering, and the coupling part between the general reference client-server is also referred to as interface software.It can be divided into universal middleware and special-purpose middleware.Universal middleware is diverse network operating system and diverse network host-host protocol.Special-purpose middleware is standing net middleware, Business Processing middleware, assembly middleware, object middleware (client computer can be called the object that resides on the remote server) and webmaster middleware (manager and agency can engage in the dialogue) etc.

Computer equipment is the high-grade PC that is equivalent to file server or multiprocessor, has a PC independent and that be equipped with CD server to link to each other with the machine of distinguishing in the standing net usually, as the CD object server.The caches server can be placed on some different places.Other method is to use computer equipment or another the independent PC that has large-scale hard disk that links to each other with the machine of distinguishing, as the caches server of the standing net of going up on the stage.And network cache memories is at the object that all is stored in network cache memories, all by all or most melt into online user and share and realize in this case.

The general headquarters of unit and its are distributed in the excellent machine in the standing net of remote several business of diverse geographic location or production task, couple together by the heart switch that melts of distinguishing machine and backbone network respectively, the common network of forming (comprising backbone network), make up a proprietary business of safe and reliable internal institution and melt into net, for business is melted Intranet (Fig. 4).

The general headquarters of unit and its are distributed in the excellent machine in the standing net of remote several specific functions of diverse geographic location, couple together by the heart switch that melts of distinguishing machine and backbone network respectively, the common network of forming (comprising backbone network), make up a proprietary specific function of safe and reliable internal institution and extensively melt into net, for specific function is melted Intranet (Fig. 4).It can pass through tracing system, the feedback of product quality is dissolved in each link of research and development and production, obtains better product by improving.The information that source end computer from excellent machine network or specific function dedicated network sends; Through excellent machine of source end or specific function dedicated network, " program of audit program " is housed in arrival and source ends such as " source end encipherors " is distinguished machine; Through elimination virus with after encrypting; Pass through backbone network; Distinguish machine to the Su Duan that " place end decrypted program " and " program of audit program " etc. are housed; After deciphering; Forward excellent machine of place end or specific function dedicated network to; Arrive place end purpose computer at last.

When standing network that links to each other with the machine of distinguishing or dedicated network are the standing net of difference in functionality, just form the following various Intranet of melting.

4.1, Web melts Intranet (Fig. 4) and mainly adopts C/S and two kinds of patterns of B/S.

Along with backbone network technology and application and development, WWW becomes one of kernel service.The user can not only carry out the browse queries of hypertext, and can also send and receive e-mail by same resource localizer (URL) on the browser, carries out work such as file transmits up and down.The B/S pattern is to be a kind of application at center with the Web technology.Need only on the browser a very little support storehouse is installed, as the dynamic link library of Java or VB.Adopt Web server in the intermediate layer.This server is accepted the request of browser, and is converted into SQL statement, passes to computer equipment by open standing network interface standard ODBC or other means, and the result that computer equipment returns is returned to browser with the html file form.Browser is actual to be exactly one standard language is converted into the resolver at interface, and application program is installed on the Web server.

In the B/S pattern, user capture application server resource is carried out with dynamic interaction or the mode cooperated mutually, and its mainstream speech is Java, HTML and XML etc.Its topmost characteristic is the independences with the hardware and software platform.The function of browser can be a multimedia browser or Java Virtual Machine.In C/S model, different operating system (OS) and network operating system (NOS) corresponding different language and developing instruments.

Web standing network technology main feature is to adopt standing network technologies such as the processing of word table multidimensional, elongated storage and object-oriented, the standing net is used transferred to comprehensively based on melting application into the net.It adopts word table multidimensional processing mode to support non-structured multi-medium data, and various types of data can be stored in the same standing net, the short time of carrying out complex process of Da Da Shrink; On the other hand, it supports new programming tools such as ActiveX, can develop the transacter program that becomes increasingly complex, greatly simplified system exploitation and the difficulty of managing.

4.2, object-oriented melts Intranet (Fig. 4) and the ability that concerns standing network management system processing transactions ability and object-oriented standing net system handles complex relationship and new types of data can be combined.

Object oriented data model is semantic abundant, and descriptive power is strong, and extendible, can allow user definition new data type and operation thereof easily.Encapsulation property and extendibility are the marrow of Object-oriented Technique.

It is a based on network distributed standing net system that object-oriented melts Intranet.It is managed by more than one node, makes that the physical layout of standing net is transparent to the user.Data sharing can shared and realization on both meanings is shared in serial with parallel on the object rank.

Object-oriented melts the Intranet storage organization can be divided into two big classes: a class is based on the method for relation; Another kind of is the storage organization that meets object.

The individual object class of relational approach leaves in the relation, and any object one enters system, and DBMS distributes to its system identifier that full storehouse is unique automatically.This identifier can not can not be changed by the user by system in the life cycle of object.Contact between object is to embody by leaving the system identifier that increases another object in the object tuple in.System sets up index to the related object class, and when customer requirements was inquired about by " polymerization " or " indignant drawing together " contact, system just can use the connection index to satisfy its all search requests.

The storage organization method that meets object, the simplest is that it is deposited by the topological order that defines in the logical model.It is fit to the characteristics of multi-medium data.The storage organization of relatively more suitable multi-medium data characteristics and B+ tree index structure or R+ that access method has EXODUS set index structure etc.

4.3 any computer that multimedia is melted on the Intranet (Fig. 4) can carry out safety and accurate transfer of data with another computer.Its multimedia index and searching system MIRS are meant the technology of using DBMS, information retrieval IR and content-based retrieval etc. to combine, and a fundamental system of multimedia information retrieval is provided.

Web frame was to open up flexibly and extensively in multimedia was melted, and can support various application, query type and content (feature).MIRS comprises a large amount of functional modules or manager.It can increase new manager so that the function of expansion MIRS.New manager can be deleted or substitute former manager, so that function is upgraded.

Multimedia is melted Intranet, and another is characterized as distributedly, comprises a large amount of servers and family machine.Its storage medium: removable hard disk, tape backup medium and CD archives medium.

Multimedia is melted Intranet and is satisfied outside physical data independence and the logical data independece, also satisfies media data independence.

Multimedia is melted the data operation system of Intranet, except can finish with traditional standing net system identical operations, many new functions also are provided.Multimedia is melted Intranet and is had open function, and the application programming interfaces API of MDB is provided, and the interface that is independent of peripheral hardware and form is provided.

Multimedia is melted Intranet and is comprised the multimedia data model of both reading simulation and expressing simulation.

4.4 knowledge is melted Intranet (Fig. 4) is artificial intelligence technology and the combining of standing network technology.

Knowledge is melted Intranet and can be applied to the standing network method in the data processing field of science and technology, and a class standing network that produces.The information of wherein depositing is the data that scientific and technical personnel produce and accumulate in Activities such as research, scientific experiment and exploitation.

Knowledge is melted Intranet and is had method for expressing to knowledge; Organization and administration to knowledge systematize; Operation, inquiry and the retrieval of knowledge standing net; The obtaining and learning of knowledge; The editor of knowledge; Functions such as the management in storehouse.

4.5 fuzzy to melt Intranet (Fig. 4) be the combination of standing network technology and fuzzy theory.

Fuzzy relation standing net can be well used in fields such as pattern recognition, process control, merit detection, medical diagnosis, engineering design, nutrition consultation, public service and expert systems.

5, melting in the outer net (Fig. 5) of unit, the excellent machine of one or several internal networks of the affiliate of unit by distinguishing machine, is connected with the heart switch that melts of backbone network respectively.Standing net or melt one or several internal networks of Intranet and the affiliate of this unit so, separately the machine of distinguishing and backbone network just make up a safe and reliable outer net (Fig. 5) that melts.Affiliate's the machine of distinguishing of identical " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " standardization program and the machine of distinguishing of standing net system wherein are housed, the capital is monitored the information that passes in and out excellent machine network, and refusal is illegally to the standing net or melt the visit of Intranet.

In melting outer net, each distinguishes the machine of distinguishing that machine is connected with the network of affiliate's appointment, identical " to unit authentication and authoring program " standardization program also can be housed, and these distinguish the Access Control List (ACL) of each Hostname (perhaps address) in the network that each IP address table of distinguishing machine and excellent machine network and affiliate's appointment are all arranged in the machine.Like this, distinguish that machine all can monitor the information that the excellent machine network of outer net is melted in turnover for every, and refusal is illegally to the visit of internal institution network and affiliate's network.

The machine of distinguishing that is connected with the excellent machine network of unit, " program of audit program ", " source end encipheror " and " place end decrypted program " etc. are housed, can decipher the various information of coming in from backbone network, and only allow the information of the computer in the source-end networks of the excellent machine network of other source ends of this unit or tissue or affiliate's appointment, after deciphering, enter into the receiving computer of the excellent machine network of this place end.

The machine of distinguishing that is connected with the network of affiliate's appointment, " program of audit program ", " the close program of source end " and " place end decrypted program " function etc. are housed, can decipher the various information of coming in from backbone network, and the computerized information in the excellent machine network of the source end that only allows this unit, after deciphering, enter into affiliate's the excellent machine of place end, be transmitted to receiving computer again.

Difference is melted between two main frames of Intranet and affiliate's internal network, passes through backbone network; Validity communicate by letter with reliability (Fig. 5) as follows:

The information that the computer equipment of source end computer from melt Intranet or affiliate's internal network or standing net sends; Through the excellent machine of source end, arrive the source end " program of audit program " is housed and source ends such as " source end encipherors " is distinguished machine; Through elimination virus with after encrypting; Pass through backbone network; Distinguish machine to the Su Duan that " place end decrypted program " and " program of audit program " etc. are housed; After deciphering and checking virus; Forward the excellent machine of place end to; Arrive the computer equipment of place end computer or standing net at last.Like this, distinguish that machine all can monitor passing in and out this information of melting Intranet or affiliate's internal network for every, and refusal illegally melts the visit of outer net to this.

In the standing net, each of unit distinguished the machine of distinguishing that machine is connected with the network of affiliate's appointment, identical " to unit or organize authentication and authoring program " standardization program also can be housed, and these distinguish the Access Control List (ACL) of each Hostname (perhaps address) in the network that each IP address table of distinguishing machine and excellent machine network and affiliate's appointment are all arranged in the machine.Distinguish that machine all can monitor the information that passes in and out excellent machine network for every, and refusal is illegally to the visit of unit or organization internal network and affiliate's network.

6, the melting that heart switch is connected of remote client, standing net and the backbone network of " program of audit program " of the unit of being equipped with, " source end encipheror " and standardization programs such as " place end decrypted programs " and the common system that forms are for net (Fig. 6) is melted in visit.Remote client can be logined the standing net with after backbone network is connected.The machine of the distinguishing function of user's remote client and unit standing net sends the user or the information that receives is transmitted guarantee information transmission safety reliability by ciphertext on backbone network.

In order to ensure the melting Intranet or melt between the outer net of remote client and unit, carry out interoperability by backbone network, also can adopt high data encryption of Cipher Strength and identity identifying method.General public key algorithm (the Public-Key Crypto-graphic Algorithms) technology that adopts is carried out authentication and cipher key change; Adopt the symmetric cryptography decryption technology to carry out the encryption and decryption of information.

Remote client is equipped with " to unit authentication and authoring program " function; The machine of distinguishing of unit standing net is equipped with after " to user's authentication and authoring program " function, and each of remote client and unit distinguished the Access Control List (ACL) of each Hostname (perhaps address) in IP address table that these remote clients is all arranged in the machine and distinguish machine and the excellent machine network that is allowed to visit.User's remote client and unit standing net are distinguished the function of machine, the user are sent or the information that receives is transmitted by ciphertext on backbone network, and guarantee information transmission safety reliability prevents that significant data is stolen on backbone network.

Melt be equipped with " to user's authentication and the authoring program " that the excellent machine network of Intranet is connected with unit among Fig. 6 and distinguish machine, " to the authentication and the authoring program of unit " remote client perhaps is housed, can encrypt various information, and the information of excellent machine network of the source end that only allows this unit and remote client, after encrypting, enter into backbone network.

The machine of distinguishing that is connected with unit excellent machine network, " to user's authentication and authoring program " function etc. is housed, can discerns the various information of coming in, and only allow the information of remote client from backbone network, after deciphering, enter into the receiving computer of the excellent machine network of this place end.

Remote client is equipped with " to the authentication and the authoring program of unit " function etc., can discern the various information of coming in from backbone network.It only allows the information of the computer in the excellent machine network of source end of this unit, after deciphering, enters into remote client.

7, the general headquarters of factory and its are distributed in excellent machine in remote several industrial standing nets of diverse geographic location, couple together by the heart switch that melts of distinguishing machine and backbone network respectively, the common network of forming (comprising backbone network) makes up a proprietary industrial wide area network of factory, for Intranet is melted in industry.

The fieldbus of industry standing net is to connect digital, the transmitted in both directions of smart devices and automated system, the communication line of multiple-branching construction.It has a lot of types, is applicable to different industrial circles respectively.Industry standing netting gear has the advantage of real-time high, low speed and high reliability.It generally adds user's automatic control function piece at the specific (special) requirements of automation on application layer.These functional blocks are some standardized Control Software modules.It is as the Control Network of low layer, is fused into the net that melts into of factory's special use mutually with the supervising the network of high level.

With the special microprocessor measuring and controlling equipment of packing into, make it have numerical calculation and communication function.These equipment connect into the standing net according to the requirement of the topological structure and the local area network (LAN) of standing net.Between they and field apparatus and the computer, realize the transfer of data and the information exchange of distributed robot control system(RCS).IEC announces eight on-the-spot local area network bus standards, is applicable to different industrial circles respectively.

Ethernet technology is used for industrial standing net, can effectively utilize the universal network technology of high speed development, from factory, sale, buying, product design, production management, flow process control and The field, can carry out the integrated and comprehensive automation of production.The standing network technology can be applied to the at all levels of manufacturing enterprise.

Ethernet can only provide physical layer and the data link layer protocol in the osi model; And the standing net can provide ICP/IP protocol, realizes the direct communication of slave unit layer to management level, realizes that really enterprise controls the seamless integrated of business administration well.It can adopt the Web technology of standard, realizes remote data acquisition and control by melting into net.

It is that a kind of data acquisition, operation, processing and memory module are in incorporate network that net is melted in factory; Wherein also comprise browser, server, client computer and computer equipment etc. in the standing local area network (LAN).

Industry standing net is a kind of system that is based upon on the network operating system, can concentrate and reside on the main frame (centralized industrial standing net system), also can be distributed on every mainsail (distributed industrial standing net system).

Claims (10)

1, melts the common technical characterictic of technology of net-forming technology and these three networks of existing telecommunications network, the Internet and cable television network: can processing and information such as transmission of audio, video and data.Its technical characterictic is: existing telecommunications network, the Internet and cable television network are fused into the common interconnected network of many dissimilar standing nets that is by among backbone network and three nets; It is separated the transmission of the network information and function of exchange and information processing function fully; Message transmission and information exchange functions are carried out in melting heart switch and transmission medium; And process information is implemented in computer equipment and terminal; It also thoroughly is separated the long-distance transmissions of information and the short range transmission function of information; Implement on the long-distance transmission line of long-distance transmissions information in backbone network; And implement on the circuit of short range transmission information in the standing net.

2, the common trait of the technology of each backbone network in backbone network technology and existing telecommunications, the Internet and the cable television network: information is carried out long-distance transmissions and exchange.Its technical characterictic is: with the optical cable core net in the existing telecommunications network that is distributed in each city (comprising the central area, county town) and critical positions; Fiber cable run gauze in the cable television network separates out with the Internet optical cable central network that has built up etc., reformulates naked wide area network; Wherein each broadband and long-distance transmissions medium (comprising relay amplifier etc.) at a high speed interconnect with the first kind of interface that melts heart group of switches of corresponding various places, and the backbone network that is constituted adopts ICP/IP protocol series; It does not bear information processing and permanent memory function.

3, melt heart switch technology and the common technical characterictic of existing programme-controlled exchange machine technology: call control layer, Medium Exchange layer, business provide four functional layers such as layer and IAD layer.Its technical characterictic is: realize the controlled function of route and calling respectively by hardware and software, comprise route or call routing, connection control (comprising foundations/dismountings circuit), manage and control and signalling interworking etc.; And realize that call transfer is separated with calling out control, is separated control, exchange and programmable functions.

4, each the professional local area network (LAN) among standing network technology and existing telecommunications network, the Internet and the cable television network and/or the common technique feature of metropolitan area network technology: by common network transmission and exchange message.Its technical characterictic is: independently a resource network and an information short-distance transmission net; If computer equipment or network interconnected in the standing net all use identical Internet protocol IP, the whole network after the interconnection of they and backbone network then, when communication just as at a network communication; Composition is towards connecting or connectionless IP network, and its information flow is with the form exchange of IP packet and transmits; If the standing net is different from the consensus standard that uses in the backbone network, then the standing net needs a hardware interface that is complementary with backbone network; The standing net has the regulation, agreement of a concrete circuit switched of cover and information exchange etc.; It had both had information control method, also had the net method for synchronous.

5, the common technique feature of unit proprietary network technology and existing VPN (virtual private network) technology: the unit that allows many remote websites has a special-purpose fully wide area network.Its technical characterictic is: the machine of will distinguishing is positioned on unique passage of standing network and backbone network; The machine of distinguishing passes through its isolated controlling function, realizes coupled standing network and the logic isolation between the backbone network; By its connection control function, realize the physical connection between standing network and the backbone network again, and can carry out the information interoperability of validity and reliability.

6, the common technique feature of melting interior network technology and existing Intranet technology of unit: general headquarters and its are distributed in each internal network of remote several branches of diverse geographic location, by common network, and the wide area network of the unit of being combined into.Its technical characterictic is: the heart switch that melts that the machine of distinguishing and backbone network are crossed by each standing Netcom couples together, and forms a proprietary wide area network in safe and reliable inside jointly; Wherein the standing net is that physics is dispersed on each node of backbone network; And logical centralization is in same system.

7, the common technique feature of network technology and existing computer integrated manufacturing system technology in Gong Ye business is melted: utilize network that each equipment, robot, streamline, automation detection and the control system (as numeral control, execute-in-place, instruments monitor, analytical calculation and management system) etc. of production scene are joined together, form the local area network (LAN) of an industrial system.Its technical characterictic is: realize stratification, the decentralized and centralization of production function; Industry standing net operation system can concentrate and reside on the main frame, also can be distributed on every main frame.

8, the common technique feature of network technology and existing specific function network technology in specific function is melted: the system of various different specific functions is: Web functional network, object-oriented network, multi-media network, FUZZY NETWORK and knowledge network etc.Its technical characterictic is: the standing net can be a centralized or distributed standing subnet aggregation system, and they all have autonomous disposal ability, finish the topical application of this website; And each node is not incoherent mutually, and they constitute a logic integral body, be unified under the control of distributed standing network management system, fellowship also/or finish global application.

9, unit melts outer network technology and the existing common trait that outreaches the technology of network: one or several internal networks of affiliate, respectively by common network, carry out message transmission and exchange etc. with the internal network system of unit.Its technical characterictic is: by distinguishing the software of machine, affiliate's computer and equipment thereof can be discerned the various information of coming in from backbone network; Only allow the information of the computer in the excellent machine network of source end (standing net) of this unit, after deciphering, enter into affiliate's computer and equipment thereof; Vice versa.

10, the common technical characterictic of net-forming technology and existing remote access private network technology is melted in visit: be used to provide long-range mobile subscriber, respectively by common network, the internal institution network carried out validity and reliability information visit.Its technical characterictic is: by distinguishing the software of machine, remote client can be discerned the various information of coming in from backbone network; Only allow the information of the computer in the excellent machine network of source end (standing net) of this unit, after deciphering, enter into remote client; Vice versa.

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