CN101639324B

CN101639324B - Fluidized-bed boiler and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101639324B
Application number: CN200910306671XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈金火; 陈黎; 查德洁; 孙宗猛
Original assignee: China Western Power Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Western Power Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-09-07
Filing date: 2009-09-07
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-07
Also published as: CN101639324A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluidized-bed boiler and the application thereof, wherein the fluidized-bed boiler comprises a combustion chamber, a combustor, an air chamber, an air distribution plate, a hearth, a convection smoke chamber, a convection bank, a boiler drum, collection box, a smoke venting pipe and an ash collection pipe, wherein the combustor comprises an air pipe and a gas pipe with an adjusting valve, a feeding port is arranged on the lateral wall of the lower section of the hearth, a primary water vapor inlet pipe with an adjusting valve is also arranged on the combustor, and a second-level water vapor inlet pipe and a three-level water vapor inlet pipe which are both provided with adjusting valves are also arranged in the combustion chamber; a drain hole is arranged on the air distribution plate, a movable plug is arranged in the drain hole, a drain pipe is arranged in the drain hole, the movable plug is connected with a support rod, the drain pipe and the other end of the support rod are both positioned outside the air chamber. The fluidized-bed boiler can be used for preparing medical activated carbon, and ensure the normal production for a long time and greatly reduce the pollution to the environment.

Description

A kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler and uses thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler that can be used for preparing medical activated carbon.

Background technology

Produce gac at present; Mainly contain two kinds of methods; The one, utilize wood chip, shell raw material raw materials such as (coconut husk, almond, peach-pits) through selection by winnowing, remove the sandstone soil block after, utilize smoldering oven process or intermittent type boiling activation furnace to produce gac, the quality of the gac that obtains is lower; The 2nd, make raw material with thermoplastic petroleum pitch particle, the high-quality space flight and aviation medical activated carbon of preparation in the boiling activation furnace, boiling activation furnace structural shape is that the Steel Shell of drum type brake, the heat-resistant insulation material that liner is very thick are done furnace wall; The middle part is provided with porous plate in body of heater, on the body of heater below the porous plate, is provided with fuel gas, air and water vapor pipeline, utilizes the burning of Sweet natural gas or liquefied gas to generate flue gas and mixes the high-temperature activation gas that obtains with water vapor; With pure charcoal heating, the intensification in the petroleum pitch particle, and and steam reaction, carry out carbonization-activation; About 6 hours of its process; TR about 300 ℃-1000 ℃, roughly is divided into three phases greatly, and wherein the amount at needed time of differing temps and water vapor is also different; Spherical activated carbon is taken out in last blowing out; Because whole process of production is intermittent, and also has the rapid variation of temperature in every section production process, porous plate and supporting structure thereof need often maintenance, influence production because thermal expansion is prone to cause distortion, furnace wall crackle and problem such as collapse; The flammable toxic and harmful that in the carbonization-activation process, produces simultaneously causes problems such as topsoil directly to airborne release; This technology also is in trial-production and enlarges the production phase like Japan abroad.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the above-mentioned deficiency to prior art, a kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler is provided, it can be used to prepare medical activated carbon, and can guarantee ordinary production for a long time, significantly reduces the pollution to environment.

For achieving the above object; A kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler of the present invention; Comprise combustion barrel, burner, air compartment, air distribution plate, burner hearth, convection current smoke-box, convection bank, drum, collection case, smoke exhaust pipe, ash-collecting pipe, wherein burner comprises the gas line of airduct and band variable valve, and the sidewall of air compartment, burner hearth and convection current smoke-box is equipped with membrane wall; Sidewall and bottom surface are equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around air compartment; Sidewall is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around the burner hearth hypomere, and air distribution plate comprises the pipe laying heating surface, is positioned at heat-resisting thermal insulation layer and several blast caps of pipe laying heating surface upper and lower, it is characterized in that: on the sidewall of burner hearth hypomere, be provided with material inlet; On burner, also be provided with the primary water steam access tube of band variable valve, in combustion barrel, also be provided with all secondary and three grades of water vapor access tubes with variable valve; On air distribution plate, be provided with relief hole, be provided with movable drain plug in the relief hole, a drainage conduit is loaded in the relief hole, and movable drain plug is connected with a pole, and the other end of drainage conduit and pole all is positioned at outside the air compartment.

As the further improvement of above-mentioned fluidized-bed combustion boiler, in the epimere of burner hearth, also be provided with secondary air channel;

When above-mentioned fluidized-bed combustion boiler is used to prepare medical activated carbon, add thermoplastic petroleum pitch particle by material inlet, its particle diameter is 0.2-1mm, is deposited on the air distribution plate; Feed combustion gas, high-pressure blast and water vapor respectively by gas line, airduct and primary water steam access tube, secondary and three grades of water vapor access tubes again, combustion gas and high-pressure blast mix with water vapor after the combustion barrel internal combustion, and temperature approximately is changed to 1000 ℃ from 300 ℃; Roughly be divided into three phases, adjust the proportioning of combustion gas and water vapor interimly and be achieved about 6 hours of its process through regulating each variable valve therebetween; Both realized control, and made the petroleum pitch particle be fluidized state, its heating to flue-gas temperature; Water vapor is provided again; With the reaction of petroleum pitch particle, satisfy condition to petroleum pitch particle carbonization-activation, obtain medical activated carbon; Last blowing out is cooled to about 200 ℃, on push away pole, movable drain plug rises, and feeds shielding gas by airduct again, and the gac on the air distribution plate is blown in the drainage conduit, discharges gac;

In said process; Because sidewall and bottom surface are equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around air compartment; Sidewall is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around the burner hearth hypomere, and the upper and lower of pipe laying heating surface is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer, and the thermal expansion of membrane wall and air distribution plate is little; Avoid equipment failures such as furnace wall crackle that distortion causes and air distribution plate inefficacy, can guarantee ordinary production for a long time; The flammable toxic and harmful that in the carbonization-activation process, produces simultaneously obtains secondary combustion in burner hearth, significantly reduced the pollution to environment; As optimization, also can feed secondary air by secondary air channel, make burning more thorough.

In sum, fluidized-bed combustion boiler of the present invention can be used to prepare medical activated carbon, and can guarantee ordinary production for a long time, significantly reduces the pollution to environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fluidized-bed combustion boiler embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.

Fig. 3 is that the B of Fig. 1 is to view.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed explanation.

By Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3; This fluidized-bed combustion boiler; Comprise combustion barrel 1, burner 2, air compartment 3, air distribution plate 4, burner hearth 5, convection current smoke-box 6, convection bank 7, two

drums

8 and 9, collection case 10, smoke exhaust pipe 11, ash-collecting pipe 12; Wherein burner 2 comprises three groups of airducts that are uniformly distributed with and are provided with one heart 13 and gas line 14 and eight primary water steam access tubes 15; Be equipped with the variable valve (not shown) on gas line 14 and the primary water steam access tube 15; The sidewall of air compartment 3, burner hearth 5 and convection current smoke-box 6 is equipped with membrane wall, and sidewall and bottom surface are equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 3a around air compartment 3, and sidewall is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 5a around burner hearth 5 hypomeres; Air distribution plate 4 comprises pipe laying heating surface (not shown), is positioned at heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 4a and 4b and several blast cap (not shown) of pipe laying heating surface upper and lower; On the sidewall of burner hearth 5 hypomeres, be provided with material inlet 16, in the epimere of burner hearth 5, also be provided with secondary air channel 17, in combustion barrel 1, also be provided with all with the secondary of variable valve and three grades of water

vapor access tubes

18 and 19; On air distribution plate 4, be provided with relief hole, be provided with movable drain plug 20, one drainage conduit 21 in the relief hole and be loaded in the relief hole, movable drain plug 20 is connected with a pole 22, and the other end of drainage conduit 21 and pole 22 all is positioned at outside the air compartment 3.

When above-mentioned fluidized-bed combustion boiler is used to prepare medical activated carbon, add thermoplastic petroleum pitch particle by material inlet 16, its particle diameter is 0.21mm, is deposited on the air distribution plate 4; Feed combustion gas, high-pressure blast and water vapor respectively by gas line 14, airduct 13 and primary water steam access tube 15, secondary and three grades of water

vapor access tubes

18 and 19 again, combustion gas and high-pressure blast mix with water vapor after combustion barrel 1 internal combustion, and temperature approximately is changed to 1000 ℃ from 300 ℃; Roughly be divided into three phases, adjust the proportioning of combustion gas and water vapor through regulating each variable valve therebetween interimly, originally the content of water vapor is bigger; Less at last, can close secondary and three grades of water

vapor access tubes

18 and 19, about 6 hours of total process; Both realized control, and made the petroleum pitch particle be fluidized state, its heating to flue-gas temperature; Water vapor is provided again; With the reaction of petroleum pitch particle, satisfy condition to petroleum pitch particle carbonization-activation, obtain medical activated carbon; Last blowing out is cooled to about 200 ℃, on push away pole 22, movable drain plug 20 rises, and feeds shielding gas by airduct 13 again, and the gac on the air distribution plate 4 is blown in the drainage conduit 21, discharges gac;

In said process; Because sidewall and bottom surface are equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 3a around air compartment 3; Sidewall is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 5a around burner hearth 5 hypomeres, and the upper and lower of pipe laying heating surface is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer 4a and 4b, and the thermal expansion of membrane wall and air distribution plate 4 is little; Avoid equipment failures such as furnace wall crackle that distortion causes and air distribution plate inefficacy, can guarantee ordinary production for a long time; The flammable toxic and harmful that in the carbonization-activation process, produces simultaneously obtains secondary combustion in burner hearth 5, significantly reduced the pollution to environment; As optimization, also can feed secondary air by secondary air channel 17, make burning more thorough.

Claims

1. fluidized-bed combustion boiler; Comprise combustion barrel, burner, air compartment, air distribution plate, burner hearth, convection current smoke-box, convection bank, drum, collection case, smoke exhaust pipe, ash-collecting pipe; Wherein burner comprises the gas line of airduct and band variable valve; The sidewall of air compartment, burner hearth and convection current smoke-box is equipped with membrane wall, and sidewall and bottom surface are equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around air compartment, and sidewall is equipped with heat-resisting thermal insulation layer around the burner hearth hypomere; Air distribution plate comprises the pipe laying heating surface, is positioned at heat-resisting thermal insulation layer and several blast caps of pipe laying heating surface upper and lower; It is characterized in that: on the sidewall of burner hearth hypomere, be provided with material inlet, on burner, also be provided with the primary water steam access tube of band variable valve, in combustion barrel, also be provided with all secondary and three grades of water vapor access tubes with variable valve; On air distribution plate, be provided with relief hole, be provided with movable drain plug in the relief hole, a drainage conduit is loaded in the relief hole, and movable drain plug is connected with a pole, and the other end of drainage conduit and pole all is positioned at outside the air compartment.

2. a kind of fluidized-bed combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the epimere of burner hearth, also being provided with secondary air channel.

3. the purposes of fluidized-bed combustion boiler according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that this boiler is used to prepare medical activated carbon, and usage is following: 1) add the petroleum pitch particle by material inlet; 2) feed combustion gas, high-pressure blast and water vapor respectively by gas line, airduct and each water vapor access tube; Combustion gas and high-pressure blast mix with water vapor after the combustion barrel internal combustion, and as required interim the proportioning of adjusting combustion gas and water vapor, have both realized the control to flue-gas temperature; The petroleum pitch particle is heated; Water vapor is provided again, satisfies needs, obtain medical activated carbon petroleum pitch particle carbonization-activation; 3) blowing out, discharge gac.