CN101638672A - Method for extracting ethanol from kelp - Google Patents
Method for extracting ethanol from kelp Download PDFInfo
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- CN101638672A CN101638672A CN200910102399A CN200910102399A CN101638672A CN 101638672 A CN101638672 A CN 101638672A CN 200910102399 A CN200910102399 A CN 200910102399A CN 200910102399 A CN200910102399 A CN 200910102399A CN 101638672 A CN101638672 A CN 101638672A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting ethanol from kelp, comprising the following steps: (1) removing impurities of the surface of dry kelp and crushing the dry kelp; (2) mixing the crushedkelp and clean water, and cooking; (3) cooling the cooked kelp, adding industrial fermented yeast extract, sufficiently mixing, and sealing after yeast propagates heavily; (4) controlling a pH value from 6 to 7 at the temperature of 30-35 DEG C, fermenting for 6-8days, and continuously adding clean water in a kelp fermenting period to retain content moisture; (5) carrying out solid-liquid separation after fermentation; (6) distilling separated liquid to obtain ethanol and other useful components; (7) re-fermenting separated solid matters to produce methane; (8) mixing residues after the methane is produced and low-grade diatomite to prepare an organic iodine fertilizer. The method for extracting ethanol from kelp can generate byproducts of propanetriol (glycerin), and the like, has largerpotential by using kelp to extract biological energy source ethanol by synthetically using the residues and has important realistic significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extract the alcoholic acid method, relate in particular to a kind of method with extracting ethanol from kelp.
Background technology
The mankind have entered since the twentieth century, along with the develop rapidly of world economy and the continuous increase of population, the fossil oil consumption grows with each passing day, this causes petering out of fossil oil storage capacity on the one hand, combustion of fossil fuel causes the Greenhouse effect that the carbonic acid gas excessive emissions causes on the other hand, bring threat to environment for human survival, therefore, replaced by other energy the most at last by the disposable energy of representative with oil, coal, Sweet natural gas.In the face of reducing day by day and carbonic acid gas isothermal chamber gas excessive emissions and the climate warming that produces of various Nonrenewable energy resources, it is imperative to seek the new renewable energy resources, wherein regeneratable liquors fuel such as biomass ethanol and biofuel etc. are considered to suppress the optimal alternative fuel of Greenhouse effect.Owing to mainly be made up of carbohydrate as farm crop such as corn, sugarcanes, therefore, extracting ethanol from these class farm crop is the main source of present bioenergy.Yet, farm crop produce the constraint that is subjected to land resources, add that production cost is very high, even do not consider production cost, farm crop by that I guess high yield of plantation only, be converted into ethanol by these farm crop again, still can't satisfy human demand to the energy, the biomass energy of opening up Sustainable development becomes the target that common people make joint efforts.
Marine alga is by photosynthesis, and sunlight, water and carbonic acid gas are transformed into the biomass of algae, and therefore, marine alga is rich in carbohydrate, and carbohydrate is the basic raw material that extracts bioenergies such as ethanol and biogas.Sea-tangle (Laminaria japonica) belongs to a kind of of phaeophyta, is grown on the submarine rock, and the frond brown, long ribbon shape, keratin, generally long 2～6 meters, wide 20～30 centimetres.Frond is divided into holdfast, shank and blade significantly, holdfast rhizoid shape plays the set effect, the shank tubbiness is cylindrical, the roomy long ribbon shape in handle top resembles the part of leaf thallus, there are two parallel shallow ridges in central authorities at blade, the centre is a middle band portion, and thick 2～5 millimeters, middle band portion two edge are thin wavy gauffer.Wild sea-tangle all has on 2～3 meters degree of depth rocks under subtidal line.China Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong Province is northern coastal all laminaria culture, owing to from north to south, be subjected to the influence of factors differences such as temperature, illumination, growth and maturity phase of sea-tangle is had early to be had late, sea-tangle on same sea area or same seedling rope, its ripening stage also has successively, so, be extended to early July harvesting time from mid-May.Laminaria culture needs only Artificial Control seedling rearing room seawater temperature, and kelp spore just can germinate into kelp seedling at seedling rearing room.The sea-tangle seedling is sandwiched in the seam of the rope made of hemp, then many this ropes made of hemp that have several sea-tangle seedlings are tied up on the buoyant raft of kelp farm, just formed the sea-tangle field of culturing thousands upon thousands strain sea-tangles, just as being a farmer, also need to carry out busy " field management " to results from " rice transplanting " (being sea-tangle seedling rope), comprise fertilising, seedling (switching the depth of water of sea-tangle seedling), remove on the seedling dirt settling etc.The seedling of 1～2 cm long only when growing seedlings out just grows up to nearly 10 meters long big sea-tangle then autumn.At present, the sea-tangle annual production of China ranks first in the world, and China has become world-class laminaria culture country.
The basal component of the fresh sea-tangle of table 1
Table 1 has provided the basal component of fresh sea-tangle, from table, can see, in the sea-tangle basal component, carbohydrate is topmost component, account for 43.23%, contain a large amount of sugars in these carbohydrate, the glucose that generates after the sugar hydrolysis can be utilized by microorganism and carry out fermentative action producing and ethanol in next life.The present invention extracts the alcoholic acid raw material, under the control of critical technical parameters such as temperature, pH value and fermentation time, by microorganism fermentation process, the part carbohydrate in the sea-tangle successfully is converted into ethanol.This is to utilize marine alga to produce bioenergy to have opened up new approach, not only overcome with extracting ethanol from kelp and to have utilized farm crop to produce the soil pressure that ethanol brought, and the comprehensive utilization by sea-tangle, production cost is reduced greatly, therefore, the development seaweed bio energy had profound significance and wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method with extracting ethanol from kelp is provided.The step of method is as follows:
1) with after the dried sea-tangle surface impurity removal, pulverizes;
2) sea-tangle after will pulverizing mixes with the cleaning water that is equivalent to 10～12 times of sea-tangle quality, and boiling is 30～35 minutes under 80～85 ℃ temperature;
3) treat sea-tangle cooling after the boiling, add the industrial fermentation yeast extract, fully stir, and after making a large amount of breedings of yeast, sealing;
4) under 30～35 ℃ temperature, control pH value is 6～7, ferments 6～8 days, between the sea-tangle yeast phase, increases cleaning water every now and then, with maintenance constant moisture, and with the gas that produces in the fermenting process, discharges with conduit;
5) the fermentation back is by whizzer or pressure filter, with solid-liquid separation;
6) separating liquid obtains ethanol and other useful components by distillation;
7) separating solid substances pH be 7.8～8.5 and temperature under 40～45 ℃, carry out fermentative production methane once more;
8) contain the iodine of high density and organic matter and the mineral substance that enriches in the residue behind the production methane, mix, make organic iodine fertilizer with low-grade diatomite.
Described industrial fermentation yeast extract is to activate 2～4 hours by the industrial fermentation yeast in containing 1.9～2.2% glucose solutions to form, and the main content of the mass percent of extracting solution is: nitrogen 9%, amino acid 3.5%, sodium-chlor≤3.5%, all the other are water.
The present invention selects for use and extracts alcoholic acid phaeophyta sea-tangle, abounds with in China offshore sea waters, and resource is very abundant, and China's sea-tangle annual production has at present accounted for 95% of global annual production.Though with extracting ethanol from kelp yield aspects can't with corn, farm crop such as sugarcane are compared for raw material production ethanol, but, sea-tangle has remarkable advantages as extracting the alcoholic acid raw material on ultimate production, laminaria culture has the not characteristics of land occupation, according to preresearch estimates, China has 12.4 ten thousand square kilometres of the shallow sea areas of suitable laminaria culture, this provides wide space for laminaria culture, annual output in sea-tangle is about 1.5t/ mu, productive rate according to the sea-tangle fermentative production of ethanol calculates, and China utilizes the potential production of sea-tangle fermentative production of ethanol can reach about 8,400,000 tons/year.
In addition, in the process of sea-tangle fermentation, except ethanol product, also produce and a considerable amount of glycerol of ethanol (glycerine) and some potato spirit simultaneously, through purifying and handling, these by products also can be used as the energy or other industrial uses, all can produce to be equivalent to even to surpass the alcoholic acid economic worth.Residue thing behind the extraction ethanol can be produced methane by Secondary Fermentation, and methane also is a kind of bioenergy of economically valuable.Sea-tangle has the biological nature of enrichment iodine from seawater consumingly, therefore wherein the content of iodine generally up to 0.2%～1.0% of dry weight, residue thing after extracting ethanol and producing methane not only is rich in biological available active iodine, and contain a large amount of organism and mineral substance, by mixing with low-grade diatomite, can make organic iodine fertilizer, there are some researches show, utilize this organic iodine fertilizer, when cultivating the vegetables that contain iodine, the ecotope that can improve the soil again, this has profound significance to improving the iodine deficiency environment and eliminating IDD.Owing to can produce glycerol byproducts such as (glycerine) again in the time of extracting ethanol from kelp, add the comprehensive utilization of residue thing, therefore, from economic implications, not only potentiality are very huge to extract bioenergy ethanol with sea-tangle, and have important practical significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of extracting ethanol from kelp method;
The ethanol gas chromatogram that Fig. 2 extracts with sea-tangle;
Glycerol (glycerine) liquid chromatogram that Fig. 3 extracts with sea-tangle.
Embodiment
The present invention is raw material with the sea-tangle, under the control of critical technical parameters such as temperature, pH value and fermentation time, by microorganism fermentation process, the part carbohydrate in the sea-tangle successfully is converted into ethanol.
Concrete implementation step of the present invention is as follows:
At first fresh dried sea-tangle surface impurity is removed, pulverize with general pulverizer, sea-tangle after will pulverizing then mixes with the cleaning water that is equivalent to 10～12 times of sea-tangle quality, in order to quicken the hydrolysis of sugar in the sea-tangle carbohydrate, impel it to change glucose into, thereby can be utilized by Institute of Micro-biology, finish generating the alcoholic acid fermenting process, boiling is 30～35 minutes under 80～85 ℃ temperature.By the time the sea-tangle after boiling cooling adds the industrial fermentation yeast extract, is fully stirring with sea-tangle, and is allowing after a large amount of breeding of yeast, and microbial fermentation is carried out in sealing.Can discharge smoothly for the gas that fermenting process is produced, keep the normal pressure in the fermenting container, simultaneously in order to make the moisture in the fermenting container keep constant, at a seal ventpipe of design and a water inlet pipe.In insertion fermenting container of ventpipe, one of other end insertion is equipped with in the container of liquid water, and the gas that produces during fermentation is discharged with the form of bubble by water body; Between the yeast phase of sea-tangle, regularly increase cleaning water by water inlet pipe.The fermentation process of sea-tangle carries out under 30～35 ℃ temperature, and the pH value of fermented product is controlled to be 6～7, and the whole fermentation process of extracting ethanol from kelp was finished at 6～8 days.After undergoing microbial fermentation, sea-tangle and water are mixed into pasty state, by whizzer or pressure filter, with solid-liquid separation.Liquid obtains ethanol and other useful components by distillation; Residue solid pH be 7.8～8.5 and temperature under 40～45 ℃, carry out fermentative production methane once more; Produce the iodine and abundant organic matter and the mineral substance that contain high density in the residue behind the methane, add residual liquid and low-grade diatomite thorough mixing after the distillation,, make particulate state organic iodine fertilizer by tablets press.
Embodiment 1
1) with after the dried sea-tangle surface impurity removal, pulverizes with common pulverizer;
2) take by weighing 1 kilogram of sea-tangle after the pulverizing, mix with 10 kilograms cleaning water, boiling is 30 minutes under 80 ℃ temperature;
3) treat sea-tangle cooling after the boiling, add appropriate amount of industrial fermented yeast extracting solution, stir, after a large amount of breedings of yeast, sealing is plugged airway and water inlet pipe at seal, the other end of airway is inserted and is equipped with in the container of liquid water, and water inlet pipe mouth is added a cover; The industrial fermentation yeast extract is to activate 2～4 hours by the industrial fermentation yeast in containing 1.9～2.2% glucose solutions to form, and the main content of the mass percent of extracting solution is: nitrogen 9%, amino acid 3.5%, sodium-chlor≤3.5%, all the other are water;
4) sea-tangle microbial fermentation temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, and the pH value is to carry out for 6 times, between the sea-tangle yeast phase, increases cleaning water every now and then, to keep constant moisture;
5) sea-tangle is through 6 days microbial fermentation, fermented product in the pasty state, by whizzer, with solid-liquid separation;
6) liquid of centrifugation records ethanol 23mL by distillation with vapor-phase chromatography, with liquid phase chromatography and survey glycerol (glycerine) 21mL;
7) solids of centrifugation is 8 at pH, and fermentative production methane when temperature is 40 ℃, methane production are 7.5ml/g;
8) the residual liquid of residue behind the production methane and process distillation back mixes with low-grade diatomite, makes organic iodine fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
1) with after the dried sea-tangle surface impurity removal, pulverizes with common pulverizer;
2) take by weighing 1 kilogram of sea-tangle after the pulverizing, mix with 11 kilograms clear water, boiling is 32 minutes under 82 ℃ temperature;
3) treat sea-tangle cooling after the boiling, add appropriate amount of industrial fermented yeast extracting solution, stir sealing; Plug ventpipe and water inlet pipe at seal, the other end of ventpipe is inserted and is equipped with in the container of liquid water, and water inlet pipe mouth is added a cover; The industrial fermentation yeast extract is to activate 2～4 hours by the industrial fermentation yeast in containing 1.9～2.2% glucose solutions to form, and the main content of the mass percent of extracting solution is: nitrogen 9%, amino acid 3.5%, sodium-chlor≤3.5%, all the other are water;
4) sea-tangle microbial fermentation temperature is controlled at 33 ℃, and the pH value is to carry out for 6.5 times, between the sea-tangle yeast phase, increases cleaning water every now and then, to keep constant moisture;
5) sea-tangle is through 8 days microbial fermentation, fermented product in the pasty state, by whizzer, with solid-liquid separation;
6) liquid of centrifugation records ethanol 25mL by distillation with vapor-phase chromatography, with liquid phase chromatography and survey glycerol (glycerine) 23mL;
7) solids of centrifugation is 7.8 at pH, and fermentative production methane when temperature is 42 ℃, methane production are 7.2ml/g;
8) produce behind the methane residue and and through the residual liquid in distillation back, mix with low-grade diatomite, make organic iodine fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
1) with after the dried sea-tangle surface impurity removal, pulverizes with common pulverizer;
2) take by weighing 1 kilogram of sea-tangle after the pulverizing, mix with 12 kilograms clear water, boiling is 35 minutes under 85 ℃ temperature;
3) treat sea-tangle cooling after the boiling, add appropriate amount of industrial fermented yeast extracting solution, stir sealing; Plug ventpipe and water inlet pipe at seal, the other end of ventpipe is inserted and is equipped with in the container of liquid water, and water inlet pipe mouth is added a cover.The industrial fermentation yeast extract is to activate 2～4 hours by the industrial fermentation yeast in containing 1.9～2.2% glucose solutions to form, and the main content of the mass percent of extracting solution is: nitrogen 9%, amino acid 3.5%, sodium-chlor≤3.5%, all the other are water;
4) sea-tangle microbial fermentation temperature is controlled at 35 ℃, and the pH value is to carry out for 7 times, between the sea-tangle yeast phase, increases cleaning water every now and then, to keep constant moisture;
5) sea-tangle is through 7 days microbial fermentation, fermented product in the pasty state, by whizzer, with solid-liquid separation;
6) liquid of centrifugation records ethanol 27mL by distillation with vapor-phase chromatography, with liquid phase chromatography and survey glycerol (glycerine) 25mL;
7) solids of centrifugation is 8.5 at pH, and fermentative production methane when temperature is 45 ℃, methane production are 7.0ml/g;
8) produce behind the methane residue and and through the residual liquid in distillation back, mix with low-grade diatomite, make organic iodine fertilizer.
Claims (2)
1. the method with extracting ethanol from kelp is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) with after the dried sea-tangle surface impurity removal, pulverizes;
2) sea-tangle after will pulverizing mixes with the cleaning water of 10～12 times of sea-tangle quality, and boiling is 30～35 minutes under 80～85 ℃ temperature;
3) treat sea-tangle cooling after the boiling, add the industrial fermentation yeast extract, fully stir, and after making a large amount of breedings of yeast, sealing;
4) under 30～35 ℃ temperature, control pH value is 6～7, ferments 6～8 days, between the sea-tangle yeast phase, increases cleaning water every now and then, with maintenance constant moisture, and with the gas that produces in the fermenting process, discharges with conduit;
5) the fermentation back is by whizzer or pressure filter, with solid-liquid separation;
6) separating liquid obtains ethanol and other useful components by distillation;
7) separating solid substances pH be 7.8～8.5 and temperature under 40～45 ℃, carry out fermentative production methane once more;
8) contain the iodine of high density and organic matter and the mineral substance that enriches in the residue behind the production methane, mix, make organic iodine fertilizer with low-grade diatomite.
2. a kind of method according to claim 1 with extracting ethanol from kelp, it is characterized in that described industrial fermentation yeast extract is to activate 2～4 hours by the industrial fermentation yeast in containing 1.9～2.2% glucose solutions to form, the main content of the mass percent of extracting solution is: nitrogen 9%, amino acid 3.5%, sodium-chlor≤3.5%, all the other are water.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102220380A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method for preparing fuel ethanol efficiently from large-algae biomass as raw material |
| CN105733905A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 商南县时代生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing alcohol through slagless distillation |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008271910A (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-13 | Yoshishige Katori | Method for producing ethanol and device for the same |
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2009
- 2009-09-03 CN CN2009101023993A patent/CN101638672B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102220380A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method for preparing fuel ethanol efficiently from large-algae biomass as raw material |
| CN105733905A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 商南县时代生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing alcohol through slagless distillation |
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