CN101636908A - Arrangement for the detection of body parts by absorbing an electric near field - Google Patents
Arrangement for the detection of body parts by absorbing an electric near field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101636908A CN101636908A CN200780050483A CN200780050483A CN101636908A CN 101636908 A CN101636908 A CN 101636908A CN 200780050483 A CN200780050483 A CN 200780050483A CN 200780050483 A CN200780050483 A CN 200780050483A CN 101636908 A CN101636908 A CN 101636908A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sniffer
- electrode
- electrode device
- receiver
- transmitter
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/945—Proximity switches
- H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
- H03K2217/960775—Emitter-receiver or "fringe" type detection, i.e. one or more field emitting electrodes and corresponding one or more receiving electrodes
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an arrangement for detecting body parts by absorbing an electric near field. Various, particularly capacitive methods exist for detecting an approaching human body. Most of said methods operate on the principle that an electrode emits an alternating electric field, the distribution of which changes towards the environment when a body or body part approaches, and said change is detected by means of suitable electronics. The detection arrangement according to the invention is used for detecting objects, particularly moving limbs, that approach or are present in an observation zone and comprises a transmitter electrode device for inducing an alternating electric field in the observation zone or the surrounding area thereof, a receiver electrode device for detecting an electric field in the observation zone or said surrounding area, and an isolating electrode device for shielding part of the field that extends between the transmitter electrode and the receiver electrode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that absorbs detection of body parts by electric near field.
Background technology
Near the detection of object different, the method for electric capacity is particularly arranged for human body, usually according to following principle work, promptly by an electrode radiation alternating current variable field, this alternating electric field health or body part near the time change field distribution with respect to environment, and survey this change with suitable electronic circuit.
Formal description to this effect is, considers the electric capacity of this electrode, and this electric capacity changes and same the change owing to field distribution when close.When adopting such proximity transducer, particularly exist out of doors relativity humidity (as by rain or snow to electrode) the big problem of sensitivity, this causes dielectric constant to change and electric capacity thus changes.This is influence detection fail safe greatly.So in addition transducer is highstrung near the influence of the part of the metal sensor electrode, because this metal part is divided the electric capacity that greatly changes sensor electrode, particularly when metal partly is moved, as under the situation in car boot hatchcover, moving door and mobile skylight.This must prevent by normally spending very large shielding measure.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, develops a kind of sensor device, avoid the defective of mentioning and need not that big expense just can adopt on arbitrary objects in automotive field, be preferred for preventing because the danger of pushing.
According to the above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention by be used for gathering object, particularly biological limbs solve near observing the district or appearing at the sniffer of observing the district, have:
Be used for alternating electric field is coupled to the transmitter electrode device of observing district or its peripheral region;
Be used for gathering the receiver electrode assembly of the electric field of observing district or its peripheral region; With
Be used to shield the separate mesh electrode device of the part of the field of between transmitter electrode and receiver electrode, stretching.
Preferred implementation of the present invention is provided by dependent claims.
The invention still further relates to and be used for gathering the sniffer that object, particularly life entity occur at the orbit space of itself being implemented by movable structure.The present invention be more particularly directed to a kind of sniffer at this, can gather the appearance of people in the range of movement of car boot cabin by this sniffer.
According to the present invention, described sniffer comprises and is used for alternating electric field is coupled to the transmitter electrode device of observing district or its peripheral region, with the receiver electrode assembly that is used for being captured in the electric field of observing the peripheral region of distinguishing or being mentioned, produce near state based on combination consideration at this two signals, wherein first signal is the signal relevant with the load of ejector system section as used herein, and secondary signal is to represent to be applied to the signal of the intensity of the field on the transmitter electrode device.Also can be independent of above-described notion, use the notion that comprises separate mesh electrode.
Use this technology observe car boot hatchcover (Fahrzeugheckklappe) orbit space the time, can directly realize the transmitter electrode device by the matrix of car boot hatchcover.Preferably the car boot hatchcover is connected to body of a motor car under the condition of integrated insulation system for this reason.The customer of installing in the zone of car boot hatchcover also is connected to power supply on vehicle (Bordnetz) through the ground wire of self.The transmitter electrode device can also be configured to other structure, for example below the car boot hatchcover and the side border area form U-shaped flat material electrode or lead electrode along its trend.The transmitter electrode device also can other form be installed in the car boot hatchcover.The transmitter electrode device particularly can also be realized by vehicle rear window glass (Heckscheibe), the vehicle rear window glass heating installation that particularly is arranged on wherein.
The receiver electrode assembly preferably is arranged in the zone on the sealing of body of a motor car or sealing strip edge.
First signal can be especially to the electric current of transmitter electrode device, especially can also be the power consumption of transmitter electrode device, the phase angle between electric current and voltage and can also be the feature of the temporal variation of electric current in the ejector system scope and/or voltage.
Secondary signal preferably directly with enter the receiver electrode assembly the relevant signal of field intensity.
Can also realize sniffer on the contrary, the assembly that is to say car boot hatchcover one side as the work of receiver electrode and the electrode structure of vehicle body one side as transmitter electrode work.
The process of opening or closing for luggage-boot lid can also keep specific reference information, and particularly reference signal changes, and checks the deviation that whether occurs during the process of opening or closing with these reference process.
Description of drawings
Other details of the present invention and feature provide in the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram that is used to explain according to the basic conception of sensing system of the present invention, absorbs the close process that detects based on the field in this sensing system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the equivalent electric circuit of the sensing system that is in ground state;
Fig. 3 illustrates the equivalent electric circuit of the situation lower sensor system that occurs body part in the field;
Fig. 4 a illustrates the circuit arrangement with the LC oscillating circuit that is used to control transmitter electrode;
Fig. 4 b illustrates the circuit arrangement with the transformer that is used to control transmitter electrode;
Fig. 5 illustrates and is used to guarantee that the car boot hatchcover do not clamp the application example of people's limbs;
Fig. 6 illustrates and is used to explain the detection circuit schematic representation of apparatus, both considered when producing analysis result in this detection circuit device that the feature that can measure in the transmitter side zone also considered the feature that can measure by each circuit section in the receiver side zone, these analysis results itself provide about the explanation near state occurring.
Embodiment
Device shown in Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic structure that is used to explain according to the working method of the principle of circuit arrangement of the present invention.The cross-sectional structure of the electrode that herein illustrates can adopt different forms corresponding to the requirement of various applicable cases.Therefore for example the shape of partition (Steg) also can be circular.But in general apply to the following relationship, promptly the height h of partition is more little, for the electrode distance d that reaches desired effect just must be big more.
According to Fig. 1 according to the inventive system comprises two electrode E
TAnd E
R, one of them is second electrode E by reflector control
RBe connected to receiver.At this reflector in conjunction with electrode E
TProduce alternating electric field, the frequency of this alternating electric field makes generation near field distribution near this electrode the zone.Two electrodes shield mutually by the electric conductor that the rubber that maybe can be conducted electricity by metal constitutes, feasible only some field arrival receiver electrode that produces by reflector, and export as signal by the receiver that connects there.Produce by reflector, be applied in the field component on the receiver and depend on the geometry of electrode, particularly depend on height h between electrode mutually apart from the partition of d and the electric conducting material that between electrode, works.The accurate shape of the selection of these geometric parameters and conductive supporting material depends on concrete application respectively.
The sensor function that is used for detection of body part of this device is by following generation: since human body be conduct electricity and relatively have capacitor C in addition
g, therefore sponge field on a part of receiver electrode by body part in the field occurring, make the field force linear density decreased on the receiver electrode thus and the signal amplitude of exporting on the receiver is reduced.The field line density that is on the receiver electrode of ground state is more little, and the device that is used for the detection of body part is just sensitive more, yet the signal amplitude that is in ground state of device is also more little.Thus in the application of the reality of such system, will be arranged on according to the operating point of concrete applicable cases between necessary signal amplitude of safe operation and the enough sensitivity.
Be that according to the conclusive difference between device of the present invention and the common capacitance sensor function of transmitter electrode and receiver electrode is disconnected from each other and field coupling between two electrodes is set like this: make above-described transducer effect to occur.In addition can also be by be connected the input impedance of the reception electronic circuit on the receiver electrode according to mode setting described below by separating the receiver electrode, farthest eliminate near electrode the humidity and the adverse effect of metal parts.
Below in conjunction with the equivalent circuit diagram shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the working method of sensor device is explained in detail.Field coupling between transmitter electrode and receiver electrode is by coupling capacitance C
K0The expression, this coupling capacitance for transimpedance amplifier (
) signal amplitude on the output is crucial.The special feature of the amplifier with open circuit amplification-V like this is to occur being approximately Z on input
eThe virtual impedance of=R/V, input impedance is very little under sufficiently high V thus.Typical value is Z under the situation of R=500kOhm and V=1000
e=500Ohm.On the electrode input through moisture or metal parts and in fact all capacitive changes of causing can be ignored because input impedance is also because the electric capacity in parallel with R/V and do not have big change.(different therewith, common capacitive proximity transducer the amplifier in of high ohm with mention for the defective work aspect the environmental impact).Also connected another level that is used for amplitude measurement on the output of transimpedance amplifier, to obtain direct voltage from the alternating voltage that receives, this direct voltage then can be further processed in microcontroller by A/D converter.In order to obtain can to use kurtosis measuring appliance or the synchronous demodulator with diode with the proportional direct voltage of this coupling capacitance, being used for carrier signal same frequency and that 90 ° of phase shifts are arranged of spontaneous emission device then comes it is controlled.90 ° of phase shifts are necessary because the output voltage of transimpedance amplifier since capacitive coupling equally with respect to by 90 ° of the voltage phase shifts of reflector output.
If body part occurs in the field, because the sink effect coupling capacitance of being mentioned can the value of being reduced to C
k<C
K0And signal voltage of on the transimpedance amplifier output, exporting and C
kDescend pro rata.Because the earth capacitance C of health
gWith because the low input impedance of amplifier, remaining all and the body part coupling in the capacitor C of (see figure 3) between the electrode that works
1And C
2With regard to its influence to signal amplitude is negligible.Conclusive effect is because the less field line on the receiver electrode causes the reduction of coupling capacitance.Though the influence of the water on two electrodes causes capacitor C
1And C
2Rising, yet be negligible, as described above.Only the direct water connection between electrode can cause the change of coupling capacitance big.Yet this can be by selecting suitable offsetting apart from d, partition height h and suitable electrode insulation.Actual installation situation is depended in the suitable configuration of transducer respectively fatefully.
Figure 4 illustrates two kinds of distortion by the microprocessor controls transmitter electrode.Series resonant circuit is used among Fig. 4 a first distortion, for this series resonant circuit electrode capacitance C
TThe part of expression total capacitance.This circuit is tuned to the carrier frequency that typically is arranged in 100 to 200kHz scopes with additional capacitor and inductance then.The voltage that produces on transmitter electrode like this is 20 to 30V.Fig. 4 b shows the control with transformer, and this transformer will be transformed into higher electrode voltage by the carrier voltage that microcontroller provides.Because electrode capacitance C
TPrimary side at transformer forms parallel oscillatory circuit, and its resonance frequency is tuned to the carrier frequency of use by selecting the primary side inductance suitably.This distortion is with respect to the advantage of the device of Fig. 4 a, changes under the situation that causes the electrode capacitance change in for example distance owing to transmitter electrode and shell surface (Masseflaechen), and electrode voltage is than changing to such an extent that lack under the device situation according to Fig. 4 a.Yet transformer needs higher cost cost for this reason.Use which distortion to depend on concrete application respectively.
Fig. 5 has explained in the of the present invention concrete applicable cases that realizes being used under the sensing system situation of car boot hatchcover protection.Two electrodes guide and are divided into the left system and the right system of two separation along the edge that afterbody will be protected.This measure has following advantage:, can eliminate closing the closed procedure end and cause influencing the car boot hatchcover motion of the coupling capacitance between transmitter electrode and the receiver electrode as the reference for another signal by the signal that will be respectively be provided by electrode of opposite.Making by this signal association need be about the out of Memory of car boot hatchcover state.
Above-mentioned in addition measure can also farthest compensate the same or similar interference parameter that works on the left side and the right.The characteristics of this system are, all use a plurality of transmitter electrodes on each limit, narrow down to the coupling of corresponding common receiver electrode thus and make under the situation of each coupling capacitance than the coupling of the transmitter electrode that passes all edges at little thus.This has improved the sensitivity of system for the body part that occurs on the one hand, has also reduced the signal dynamics in the receiver on the other hand advantageously, has avoided crossing control thus.Preferably successively control transmitter electrode in time through multiplexer with sending signal, thus can also be corresponding with each viewing section and give priority with result of detection.
Figure 6 illustrates detector assembly, this detector assembly is captured in object, the particularly life entity in the viewing area reliably according to being independent of previously described measure according to another solution of the present invention.According to the present invention, this sniffer comprises and is used for the alternating current variable field is coupled to the transmitter electrode device of observing district or its surrounding environment zone, with the receiver electrode assembly that is used for being captured in the electric field of observing the surrounding environment zone of distinguishing or mentioning, wherein consider to produce near state based on the combination of two signals, wherein first signal is the signal relevant with the load of ejector system section as used herein, and secondary signal is to represent to be applied to the signal of the intensity of the field on the transmitter electrode device.
Under the situation of the technology of the orbit space that uses this to be used to observe the car boot hatchcover, can directly realize the transmitter electrode device by the matrix of car boot hatchcover.
This car boot hatchcover preferably links to each other with body of a motor car under the condition that insulation system is installed for this reason.The same customer of installing in car boot hatchcover zone also is connected to power supply on vehicle through the ground wire of self.The transmitter electrode device can also be configured to other structure, for example below the car boot hatchcover and the side border area form U-shaped flat material electrode or lead electrode along its trend.The transmitter electrode device also can otherwise be installed in the car boot hatchcover.The vehicle rear window glass heating installation that the transmitter electrode device particularly can also by vehicle rear window glass, particularly be embedded in is wherein realized.
The receiver electrode assembly preferably is arranged in the zone on the sealing of body of a motor car or sealing strip edge.
First signal can be to the electric current of transmitter electrode device especially, especially can also be the phase angle between power consumption, electric current and the voltage of transmitter electrode device and can also be the feature of the temporal variation of electric current in the emission system scope and/or voltage.
Secondary signal preferably directly with enter the receiver electrode assembly the relevant signal of field intensity.
Can also realize sniffer on the contrary, the assembly that is to say car boot hatchcover one side as the work of receiver electrode and the electrode structure of vehicle body one side as transmitter electrode work.
For luggage-boot lid open and the pass process can also keep specific reference information, particularly reference signal changes, and whether check the deviation with these reference process occurs during the process of opening or closing.
Claims (27)
1. one kind is used for gathering object, particularly biological limbs near observing the district or appearing at the sniffer of observing the district, has:
Be used for alternating electric field is coupled to the transmitter electrode device of this observation district or its peripheral region;
Be used for gathering the receiver electrode assembly of the alternating electric field in this observation district or its peripheral region; With
Be used to shield the separate mesh electrode device of the part of the field of between this transmitter electrode and receiver electrode, stretching.
2. sniffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described separate mesh electrode device is made by metal material.
3. sniffer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described separate mesh electrode device is made by synthetic material, the particularly tartan of conduction.
4. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described separate mesh electrode device comprises the partition section, this partition section is extended between transmitter electrode device and receiver electrode assembly.
5. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described transmitter electrode device and receiver electrode assembly are configured to lead shape electrode structure.
6. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that the equidistant basically electrode assembly that guides between described transmitter electrode device and receiver electrode assembly are set to mutually.
7. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described transmitter electrode device comprises bottom stage, this bottom stage is clamped described transmitter electrode device and receiver electrode assembly on the reverse zone that deviates from the observation district.
8. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that described separate mesh electrode device has T section.
9. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that described transmitter electrode device and receiver electrode assembly are arranged in the sealing device.
10. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that described separate mesh electrode device forms middle point electrode.
11. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that, on the receiver electrode assembly, measure signal through transimpedance circuit.
12., it is characterized in that according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 11, dispose described transimpedance circuit, make input impedance minimum on the receiver electrode assembly.
13. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that, by transmitter circuit described transmitter electrode device is applied voltage, and produce the alternating electric field with characteristic frequency at this this transmitter circuit in conjunction with described transmitter electrode device, this characteristic frequency produces near field distribution in the environs of described transmitter electrode device.
14. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that, described two electrodes shield mutually by forming electric conductor these two electrodes, that be made of metal or conductive rubber, make that only some is exported as signal by the field arrival receiver electrode of reflector generation and by the receiver that is connected the there.
15., it is characterized in that the function of described transmitter electrode and receiver electrode is disconnected from each other according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 14, and survey result of detection by the feature of the field coupling between two electrodes.
16., it is characterized in that electrode assembly is configured to flat band shape or other long flat structure according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 15.
17. according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 16, it is characterized in that, use synthetic material, the particularly tartan of conduction as the material that is used for electrode assembly.
18., it is characterized in that described electrode assembly is transmitter electrode device and/or the receiver electrode assembly that is divided into a plurality of electrode sections, and the electrode section of these separation is controlled individually according to each described sniffer in the claim 1 to 17.
19. sniffer according to claim 18 is characterized in that, by multiplexer to described electrode assembly, particularly the receiver electrode assembly is controlled.
20. sniffer according to claim 18 is characterized in that, by the signal of being measured by the electrode assembly that separates the close process of being gathered is carried out the zone correspondence.
21. one kind is used for gathering object, particularly biological limbs near observing the district or appearing at the sniffer of observing the district, has:
Be used for alternating electric field is coupled to the transmitter electrode device of this observation district or its peripheral region;
Be used for being captured in the receiver electrode assembly of the electric field in this observation district or its peripheral region;
Wherein, produce near state based on combination consideration to two signals,
Wherein, first signal is the signal relevant with the load of ejector system section as used herein, and
Secondary signal is the signal that expression is applied to the intensity of the field on the transmitter electrode device.
22. sniffer according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described transmitter electrode device is installed in the car boot hatchcover.
23. sniffer according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described transmitter electrode device is arranged in the zone of the vehicle body section of luggage compartment opening.
24. sniffer according to claim 21 is characterized in that, the enclosed edge that described receiver electrode assembly preferably is arranged on vehicle body along or the zone on sealing strip edge in.
25. sniffer according to claim 21, it is characterized in that described first signal is the feature of the temporal variation of the measuring-signal at the phase angle between measuring-signal, electric current and the voltage of power consumption of electric current, transmitter electrode device to the transmitter electrode device and/or electric current in the ejector system scope and/or voltage.
26. sniffer according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described secondary signal is the relevant signal of the field intensity direct and field that enters the receiver electrode assembly.
27. sniffer according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, for luggage-boot lid open and the pass process can also be provided with specific frame of reference, particularly reference signal changes, so that check in the Kai Heguan process, whether the deviation with these frames of reference appears.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610056240 DE102006056240A1 (en) | 2006-11-27 | 2006-11-27 | Detection arrangement for detecting approximation or presence of objects i.e. limbs, in observation zone, has separation electrode provided for shielding portion of field propagated between transmitter electrode and receiver electrode |
DE102006056240.2 | 2006-11-27 | ||
DE102007001688.5 | 2007-01-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101636908A true CN101636908A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
Family
ID=39326439
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200780050483A Pending CN101636908A (en) | 2006-11-27 | 2007-11-27 | Arrangement for the detection of body parts by absorbing an electric near field |
Country Status (2)
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CN (1) | CN101636908A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006056240A1 (en) |
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CN104508226A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-04-08 | 布罗泽汽车部件制造哈尔施塔特有限公司 | Method for the testing the operation of an anti-trap system and diagnostic device |
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2006
- 2006-11-27 DE DE200610056240 patent/DE102006056240A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2007
- 2007-11-27 CN CN200780050483A patent/CN101636908A/en active Pending
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