CN1016355B - Crude oil desalting and dewatering by filteration - Google Patents
Crude oil desalting and dewatering by filterationInfo
- Publication number
- CN1016355B CN1016355B CN 90100387 CN90100387A CN1016355B CN 1016355 B CN1016355 B CN 1016355B CN 90100387 CN90100387 CN 90100387 CN 90100387 A CN90100387 A CN 90100387A CN 1016355 B CN1016355 B CN 1016355B
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- emulsion
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a desalting and dewatering method for petroleum emulsion. Because of generating emulsification by intensely mixing an oil phase and a water phase, water exists in petroleum in a form of water-in-oil type emulsion, and the water is difficult to separate. Granular filtering materials with strong hydrophilic polarity are loaded in a filter so as to carry out emulsion breaking, and emulsification water granules in petroleum are coagulated into large water drops so as to be separated from the petroleum. The present invention has the advantages of simple equipment, low energy consumption, high efficiency of emulsion breaking and separation, easy regeneration of the filtering materials, repeated use, etc., and moisture contents in petroleum emulsion containing 1 to 20% of the water can be reduced to 0.01 to 0.05%.
Description
The invention belongs to emulsion breakdown technical field in the Oil extraction and the oil product course of processing, relate to the course of processing of milk sap being carried out desalting and dewatering with filtration method.
As everyone knows, the technology that is widely used in industrial processing Water in Oil emulsion mainly contains three kinds: first kind is heating; Second kind is to add chemical demulsifier; The third is to apply high-voltage electric field in special container.For the emulsification stubbornness, be difficult to the oil product of breakdown of emulsion, generally use above-mentioned three kinds of demulsification technologies simultaneously, be referred to as " an electric chemical method desalting and dewatering ".
U.S. Pat 2948352, US3029580, US3035701, US2995202, US3085068, US4211639, US4019977, US3684699, US3583904, US2804940 and Brazilian Petroleum Co. have all set forth the technology with the filtration method breakdown of emulsion in the patent CN86105200A of China's application, wherein the first five patent is relevant with the present invention: US2948352, US3029580 and US3035701 provide to be heated to be the main auxilliary technology of oil-water mixture being carried out breaking emulsion and dewatering that is filtered into, its filtrate is a sawdust, things such as hay; US2995202 provides the technology of moisture, the live crude that a kind of processing comes out from oil mining, and the crude oil behind the heat de-airing is dewatered by a breakdown of emulsion layer that is filled with fibrous breakdown of emulsion medium; US3085068 provides a kind of processing emulsified crude oil device, has the glass fibre of gac or ceramic component to be filled in the container surface deposition, when milk sap is flowed through fiber or ceramic block intermediary gap, relies on the activated carbon breakdown of emulsion.The filtration method demulsification technology of patent documentation record in sum, the profile of its employed filtering material mostly is fibrous, its composition has sawdust, hay, activated carbon, Mierocrystalline cellulose etc., and dehydration is unstable, have 100%, 96.5% also to have 60%, do not have report about filtering material regeneration reusability aspect.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient ways, both the moisture content in the cut oil of moisture 1-20% can be reduced to 0.01-0.05%, can simplify industrial equipment now again, utilize industrial slags to be processed into filtrate, its source is wide, cheap, especially adopt steam to resolve and backwashing procedures regeneration, filtrate can be reused for a long time.
The present invention consults accompanying drawing 1: saliferous oil 1 and industrial washing water 2 enter in the hybrid extraction device 3 simultaneously, regulate the aperture of 1A and 2A valve and control treatment capacity and water-oil ratio, hybrid extraction device 3 is the mixing valves that can regulate mixed pressure drop, also can be mixing equipment such as the mixing column with best mixed pressure drop selected under a kind of flow, static mixer, Venturi meter.Through mixed liquid stream is a kind of oil-water mixture, and wherein some water is scattered in the oil with superfine liquid pearl form, is called milk sap, is difficult to natural subsidence and separates.Milk sap enters breakdown of emulsion strainer 7 through valve 5A, breakdown of emulsion strainer 7 is industrial general pressure filter or the container with similar structures, be filled with breakdown of emulsion filtrate 6 in the breakdown of emulsion strainer 7, filtrate 6 is a kind of strong hydrophilicity polar porousness saccharoids that have, and the filtrate of certain altitude has been formed the breakdown of emulsion filter material layer.Under the effect of filtrate hydrophilic polar, contained water particle is adsorbed and is trapped on the filtrate in the oil, along with the mixed solution stream filter material that continues to flow, after the water held back and the water mutual connection of holding back earlier touch coalescent, progressively become and become water droplet greatly, after water droplet arrives to a certain degree greatly, under gravity and the acting in conjunction of liquid drag force of the flow, can break away from the upper strata filtrate, fall on next metafiltration material, experience is held back once more, wetting, process such as coalescent, so circulation, more finally, emulsification water particle residual in the oil product is fewer, when liquid stream leaves filter material layer, be the water overwhelming majority that tiny emulsified particle state is scattered in the oil originally and be agglomerated into the sizable water droplet of diameter, in company with the liquid filter outlet line 15 of flowing through, slurry tank arrival line 14 enters slurry tank 9, because of the water oil ratio method of double differences settles down, become saline sewage and discharge through row's saline sewage line 10, warp float oil extraction line 8 enters oil product basin 17 on the oil, and slurry tank 9 is efficient slurry tanks that there is special construction common gravity settler or any one inside.The fundamental component of breakdown of emulsion filtrate 6 is a silicate, wherein still contain elements such as Fe, Ca, Mg, be a kind of porousness saccharoid, the advantage of particulate filter is to select filtrate size range and filtering layer height according to the character of different water cut oil, and can regenerate after the breakdown of emulsion filtrate is contaminated.During regeneration, close inlet valve 14A on the slurry tank arrival line 14 and the inlet valve 5A on the filter inlet line 5, open the water intaking valve 13A on oily line traffic control valve 16A in top and the back flushing line 13, outlet valve 15A on breakdown of emulsion filter outlet line 15 is to the 7 reverse low discharge water flowings of breakdown of emulsion strainer, with the trapped fuel in the breakdown of emulsion strainer 7 through pushing up oily line 16 top oil return jars.Close water intaking valve 13A and the oily line traffic control valve 16A in top thereafter, open the wash water valve 4A on the sewage backwash line 4, admission valve 12A on the steamline 12, low discharge feeds steam, stir the breakdown of emulsion filter material layer, elevated temperature, resolve the adsorbed polar impurity of filtrate, open the water intaking valve 13A on the waterline 13 at last, air intake valve 11A on the pressurized air line 11, feed water to filter material layer simultaneously, wind, steam carries out back flushing, the flow of washing fluid stream is to wash into suspension to filtrate, volume after the expansion is that the 140-150% of former filter material layer volume is advisable, backwashing time was generally 3-10 minute, and each regeneration needs 1-3 hour altogether, if need continuous production, a reserve filter can be set, switch regeneration.
Filtration method comprises four steps to the method for oil desalting and dewatering: the first step saliferous oil and water enter the hybrid extraction device to be mixed, and the salt in the oil changes water over to, forms cut oil simultaneously; The second step oil-in-water emulsify oil carries out breakdown of emulsion in the breakdown of emulsion strainer that is filled with strong hydrophilicity polar porousness particulate filter; Oil behind the 3rd step breakdown of emulsion separates in gravity settler with brackish water; The 4th step was carried out steam desorb and back flushing with pressurized air, steam and water to the porousness particulate filter that is filled in the breakdown of emulsion strainer, removed the adsorbed impurity of filtrate, recovered the breakdown of emulsion ability of filtrate.It is characterized in that the filtrate of being loaded in the breakdown of emulsion strainer is a strong hydrophilicity polar porousness saccharoid, is that the slag of process high temperature sintering processes, and its fundamental component is a silicate, wherein still contains elements such as Fe, Ca, Mg; To make the particle that granularity is the 0.4-4.0 millimeter through the slag that high temperature sintering is crossed, optimum size is the 0.8-2.5 millimeter; The filtering layer height is a 0.3-3 rice, and best filtering layer height is a 1-1.5 rice; The milk sap filtration velocity generally be not more than 30 meters/time, optimum filtration speed is 16-23 rice/time; For the emulsification stubbornness, be difficult to the milk sap of thorough breakdown of emulsion, can be aided with heating, add the chemical demulsifier means and improve demulsification.
The fundamental component of breakdown of emulsion filtrate 6 is a silicate, is that industrial waste processes, and the source is wide, cost is low, the breakdown of emulsion ability is strong, can handle the far-gone milk sap of emulsification, thereby allow fierce mixing of water oil two-phase, and improve washing effect, promptly allow mixing tank 3 to get quite high mixed pressure drop.The filtrate granularity is more little, and demulsification is good more, but the mechanical impurity that granularity is carried in the emulsified oil of Xiao Yi very much stops up the filtering layer passage; The filter material layer height is higher, and demulsification is more stable, the work period is longer, but the too high difficult regeneration of filtering layer; Generally take all factors into consideration the character of desalting and dewatering requirement and oil product, select suitable size range and filtering layer height; The lower demulsification of oil viscosity better, general oil viscosity is suitable＜13 lis, can take heats reduces oil viscosity; Water oil biphase difference in specific gravity more helps settlement separate behind the breakdown of emulsion; The oil temperature height of healing more helps reducing oil viscosity, increases water oil biphase difference in specific gravity, thereby improves the breakdown of emulsion separating effect; The flow velocity of cut oil by the breakdown of emulsion strainer is slower, demulsification better, filtration velocity is looked different oil products and is got different value; The residence time of oil product in slurry tank is longer, separating effect better, the residence time represents that with tank volume/volumetric flow rate generally got 16-30 minute, slurry tank efficient is high more, allows the residence time short more.
The present invention is easy to operate, equipment is simple, processing power is big, 1 meter of sectional area
2, height is 3 meters a breakdown of emulsion strainer, can handle 400 meters of oil products every day
3More than.Selected filtrate source is wide, cost is low; Adopt reproducer provided by the present invention can guarantee the filtrate repeated use, the demulsification activity long-term stability is constant; The filtrate resistance to elevated temperatures is good, can use under the high temperature that an electric chemical treatment technology is difficult to accept, and elevated temperature can improve treatment effect, is particularly suitable for handling proportion greater than 0.9 crude oil; Adopt the present invention the moisture content of the milk sap of moisture 1-20% can be reduced to 0.01-0.05%; Compare with an industrial general electric chemical desalting technology, adopt desalination of the present invention, need not apply high-voltage electric field and corresponding establishment, a medium scale refinery is reaching under the desirable desalting and dewatering situation, can save every year more than electricity 1,000,000 degree.
Accompanying drawing 1 is with the schema of filtration method to the oil desalting and dewatering, wherein:
1-oil, 1A are the valve on the oil line
2-washing water, 2A is the valve on the washing waterline
3-hybrid extraction device
4-blowdown line, 4A are the valve on the blowdown line
5-emulsus liquidus, 5A are the inlet valve that milk sap advances the breakdown of emulsion strainer
6-porousness particulate filter
7-breakdown of emulsion strainer
8-oil extraction line, 8A are the valve on the oil extraction line
9-gravity settler
10-saline sewage line, 10A are the valve on the saline sewage line
11-pressurized air line, 11A are the valve on the pressurized air line
12-steamline, 12A are the valve on the steamline
13-waterline, 13A are water valve
14-gravity settler arrival line, 14A are the gravity settler inlet valve
15-breakdown of emulsion filter outlet line, 15A are breakdown of emulsion filter outlet valve
16-pushing up oily line, 16A is the valve on the oily line in top
17-petroleum storage tanks
Embodiment one
Directly from separation column, contain acidic impurities such as naphthenic acid, phenol, hydrogen sulfide in the distilled gasoline, industrially remove acidic impurities with alkali liquid washing gasoline, alkali lye and gasoline is fierce the mixing in Venturi meter, cause a part of alkali lye and gasoline generation emulsification, be difficult to settlement separate, gasoline band alkali phenomenon occurs, generally take WATER-WASHING METHOD to slough the alkali lye that remains in the gasoline.The settling time of washing back in gravity settler is 50-70 minute, and resulting gasoline is muddy, takes alkali number and still reaches 100-200mg/L gasoline, about 15 tons of the alkaline sewages of 100 tons of gasoline dischargings of every processing alkali concn 0.1%.Adopt the present invention in the breakdown of emulsion strainer, to load the particulate filter of 0.6-1.8 mm particle size, the filtering layer height is 2.0 meters, filtration velocity is 23 meters/hour, in gravity settler sedimentation 20-25 minute, resulting gasoline is transparent, and moisture alkalinity is vestige, does not have alkaline sewage discharge, every regeneration once, but one of filtrate non-stop run is more than the production cycle.
Embodiment two
The filtration method crude oil desalting, specific gravity of crude D
20 4=0.900-0.901, viscosity V50=53-57 centistoke, salt content of crude oil are 13-15mg/L crude oil, and crude oil and the water mixed pressure drop in mixing tank is 0.15MPa, the filtrate granularity of being loaded in the strainer is the 1.0-3.0 millimeter, the filtering layer height is 0.8 meter, and filtration velocity is 17-18 rice/time, 130 ± 2 ℃ of oil temperature, pressure 0.8MPa, the settling time of crude oil in slurry tank is 16-17 minute, and the washing water consumption accounts for the 2.5-3% of crude charging capacity, and the chemical demulsifier consumption accounts for the 10PM of crude runs.Water content in crude oil after method is handled after filtration is 0.05%, and saltiness is a 0.5-0.6mg/L crude oil; The oleaginousness of the saline sewage that slurry tank is discharged is a 2-4mg/L water.
Claims (3)
1, petroleum emulsion desalting and dewatering method comprises four steps:
A. saliferous oil and water enter the mixing of hybrid extraction device, and the salt in the oil changes water over to, forms cut oil simultaneously;
B. cut oil is a Water in Oil emulsion, carries out breakdown of emulsion in the breakdown of emulsion strainer that is filled with strong hydrophilicity polar porousness filtrate;
C. the oil behind the breakdown of emulsion separates in gravity settler with brackish water;
D. regularly the porousness particulate filter that is filled in the breakdown of emulsion strainer is carried out steam desorb and back flushing, remove the impurity that filtrate is inhaled, recover filtrate breakdown of emulsion ability with pressurized air, steam and water;
It is characterized in that the filtrate of being loaded in the breakdown of emulsion strainer is a strong hydrophilicity polar porousness saccharoid, its fundamental component is a silicate, wherein still contain elements such as Fe, Ca, Mg, it is processed into by the slag through high temperature sintering, size range is 0.4～4.0 millimeter, filter material layer is loaded 0.3～3 meter of height, and the milk sap filtration velocity generally is not more than 30 meters/hour.
2, method of petroleum emulsion being carried out breakdown of emulsion with filtration method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that will make optimum size through the slag behind the high temperature sintering is 0.8～2.5 millimeter particle, best filtering layer height is 1～1.5 meter, and the optimum filtration speed of milk sap is 16-23 rice/time.
3, according to claim 1 and 2 described methods of petroleum emulsion being carried out breakdown of emulsion with filtration method, it is characterized in that gasoline, kerosene, diesel refining have been removed alkali lye in filtering, for the emulsification stubbornness, the milk sap that is difficult to thorough breakdown of emulsion can be aided with heating, add the chemical demulsifier means and improve demulsification.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100387 CN1016355B (en) | 1990-02-01 | 1990-02-01 | Crude oil desalting and dewatering by filteration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100387 CN1016355B (en) | 1990-02-01 | 1990-02-01 | Crude oil desalting and dewatering by filteration |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1044290A CN1044290A (en) | 1990-08-01 |
| CN1016355B true CN1016355B (en) | 1992-04-22 |
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ID=4876633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100387 Expired CN1016355B (en) | 1990-02-01 | 1990-02-01 | Crude oil desalting and dewatering by filteration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1016355B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9149748B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-06 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Multi-layered filter media |
| US9149749B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-06 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media |
| US10195542B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-02-05 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Surface modified filter media |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009008676A1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-19 | Hydac Filtertechnik Gmbh | Device for a fuel filter system |
| CN102226100B (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2014-04-30 | 肖天存 | Method and apparatus for high-efficient crude oil desalination / dehydration |
| CN102935307A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-20 | 江门市威特铝业科技有限公司 | Filtration method of aluminum alloy oxidation blocking solution |
| US11090590B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2021-08-17 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media |
| US10399024B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-09-03 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Surface modified filter media |
| US10828587B2 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2020-11-10 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Stable filter media including nanofibers |
| US10625196B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2020-04-21 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Coalescing filter media |
| CN107022377B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-13 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of crude oil refining technique |
| CN112047428B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-09-16 | 东营东方化学工业有限公司 | Reverse demulsifier composition and method for performing reverse demulsification by using same |
| CN112048336B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-06-21 | 东营东方化学工业有限公司 | Demulsification dehydration additive suitable for heavy crude oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN112500886A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 华东理工大学 | Method and device for strengthening oil product dehydration by electric field and medium coalescence |
-
1990
- 1990-02-01 CN CN 90100387 patent/CN1016355B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9149748B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-06 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Multi-layered filter media |
| US9149749B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-06 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media |
| US10080985B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2018-09-25 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Multi-layered filter media |
| US10195542B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-02-05 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Surface modified filter media |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1044290A (en) | 1990-08-01 |
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