A kind of preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the metallurgy industry blast furnace technology, in particular for improving a kind of preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace of exhaust gas of hot-blast stove waste heat recovery efficient.
Background technology:
An energy-saving and cost-reducing effective method of blast furnace iron-making process be do blast furnace go into the stove wind-warm syndrome, 100 ℃ of the every raisings of blast furnace air temperature, iron coke per ton ratio can reduce 20kg, increases output 4%, can also increase the 50kg injecting coal quantity.Therefore each enterprise all attaches great importance to wind-warm syndrome remained on the higher level and carries out smelting operation.In the prior art, the normal way that adopts is a hot-blast stove, and hot-blast stove is the equipment that hot blast is provided to blast furnace, and its operation principle is to produce high-temperature flue gas through burner combustion coal gas, and with the heat storage heat exchange in the hot-blast stove, high-temperature flue gas becomes waste gas and discharges from flue.Be that cold wind passes through heat storage then, carry out heat exchange and become the hot blast high temperature air with heat storage.Wherein contain a large amount of heats in the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove; For energy savings; And in order to improve hot blast (high temperature air) temperature; Generally adopt heat exchange of heat pipe, pipe heat exchanger (comprising the sub-heat exchanger of rich stream), heating agent formula heat exchanger etc. to reclaim the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove waste heat, coal gas and/or combustion air are carried out preheating.A shortcoming in the existing system is that the heat exchanger that is adopted is all undesirable, and the shortcoming of heat exchange of heat pipe is: first exchanging air generally adopts water-steel heat pipe, and water-steel heat pipe voltage endurance capability is limited; Improving preheat temperature is prone to cause heat pipe to reveal even the heat pipe explosion; It two is that water-steel heat pipe can produce incondensable gas in running, forms the vent plug behind efficiency and reduces, and it three is that the environment dust quantity is big; Dust adhesion increases dirtiness resistance, lowers efficiency.The shortcoming of pipe heat exchanger is that the heat exchanger heat exchange area per unit volume is little, and it is more to consume metal material, and heat exchange efficiency is low, and the pipe heat exchanger floor space is big.The shortcoming of hot coal formula heat exchanger is to conduct heat through heating agent, has increased intermediate link, and heat transfer efficiency reduces.Next is that heating agent need be carried with pump, and consumption increases electric power.Also have heating agent to reveal easily, cause heat exchanger failure and contaminated environment.The problem of another essence is the hot-blast stove blast furnace gas that only burns, and the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove temperature is unsatisfactory, can't obtain higher hot blast temperature.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to provide to the prior art weak point a kind of heat exchanger effectiveness high, that optimize heat exchanger combination mode, can further improve the preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace that coal gas and/or combustion air is carried out preheat temperature.
The objective of the invention is to realize: a kind of preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace through following measure; It contains the coal gas input, goes out pipeline, and pipeline, exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue are imported, gone out to air; Chimney; Some heat exchangers, its special character are to also have: the additional combustion stove connects pipeline and some valves; Said heat exchanger is a plate type heat exchanger, and it is made up of some groups of plate bundle modules, and said plate bundle module is undulatory dividing plate by convex-concave and is formed by stacking, and the reverse flow in the plate chamber of transpostion interval of high hot flue gas and low temperature coal gas or air forms import and export separately; Said additional combustion stove output channel is provided with delivery valve; Itself and exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue and connect after insert gas change heater and air heat exchanger flue gas input through imported valve respectively; Its gas change heater and air heat exchanger flue gas output are separately installed with outlet valve and are connected to chimney through pipeline, and the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue is connected to by-passing valve and gas change heater and air heat exchanger flue output valve downstream and is attached to chimney at the front end that inserts gas change heater and air heat exchanger; Said gas inlet pipe road inserts gas change heater coal gas input through imported valve, and the coal gas output is through outlet valve to coal gas output channel, in the coal gas input, go out pipeline enclosure the coal gas by-passing valve is installed; Said air input channel inserts air heat exchanger air input through imported valve, and the air output is through outlet valve to air output channel, in the air input, go out pipeline enclosure air bypass valve is installed.
The present invention can also take following measure:
Said gas change heater is provided with two; It is connected in series connection; The gas inlet pipe road is connected with one of which gas change heater coal gas input through imported valve, and another gas change heater coal gas output is through outlet valve to coal gas output channel, in the coal gas input, go out pipeline enclosure the coal gas by-passing valve is installed; Said air heat exchanger is provided with three; One of which platform air heat exchanger is serially connected in after two gas change heaters; Two air heat exchangers and connecing in addition, air input channel are through imported valve first air heat exchanger air input of input earlier, its air output through outlet valve to air duct; Between air input channel and air duct, be provided with air bypass valve; The air duct that continues divides two-way to insert two parallelly connected air heat exchanger air inputs through imported valve, and the air output exit valve of two parallelly connected air heat exchangers is to the air output channel, and air duct and air output channel have air bypass valve indirectly; Said additional combustion stove output channel connects two air heat exchanger flue gas body inputs arranged side by side; Behind its flue gas output exit valve with the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue and connect; That continues connects an air heat exchanger flue gas input of two serial connection gas change heaters and serial connections through the gas approach valve; Its flue gas output connects chimney through outlet valve and pipeline, between the output of aforementioned additional combustion stove output channel delivery valve and chimney, is provided with the flue gas by-passing valve.
Said additional combustion stove output channel delivery valve Upstream section is drawn arm connection blower fan and is returned to additional combustion stove output channel.
Said exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue is being drawn arm with additional combustion stove output channel delivery valve tract and before connecing.
Said heat exchanger dividing plate is processed by metal material or ceramic material.
Compared with prior art; Because the preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace that has adopted the present invention to propose; The plate type heat exchanger that it adopted has higher preheat temperature of adaptation and more complicated pre-heating technique flow process, and the plate type heat exchanger dividing plate can be processed by metal material or ceramic material, and cold fluid and hot fluid are through the direct heat transfer of dividing plate wooden partition; Heat-transfer working medium in the middle of not having; Preheat temperature is not limited by heat-transfer working medium critical-temperature and/or critical pressure, and metal material or ceramic material have very high high-temperature capability, so the plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace system can adapt to higher preheat temperature.Compact conformation, the heat transfer area of unit volume is big, can reach 250~1000m
2/ m
3, the metal consumption is few, and overall heat-transfer coefficient is high.Because of the plate face is pressed into corrugated or other complicated shapes, the mobile less turbulence of fluid is big, and dirtiness resistance is little, under low reynolds number (about Re=200), promptly reaches turbulent flow, and plate is thin, thereby complex heat transfer coefficient K value can reach 1200~1500W/m
2K.The present invention is because of having removable structure, and operating flexibility is big, can be according to the production needs through adjustable plate number increase and decrease heat transfer area, and maintenance and convenience for washing, and many heat exchangers capable of using carry out various combination, form various pre-heating systems, satisfy different preheating demands.In sum, a kind of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace of the present invention system has above-mentioned many advantages and practical value; No matter structurally or bigger improvement all arranged on the function; Have large improvement technically, and produced handy and practical effect, and more existing hot-blast stove heat exchanger system has the multinomial effect of enhancement; Thereby practical more, and have the extensive value of industry.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention system architecture sketch map.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention heat exchanger structure sketch map.
Fig. 3 is another embodiment of the present invention system architecture sketch map.
Fig. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention system architecture sketch map.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment is elaborated:
Do following explanation with regard to legend earlier: 1; Gas change heater 2; Air heat exchanger 3; Gas change heater gas approach valve 4; Gas change heater exhanst gas outlet valve 5; Flue gas by-passing valve 6; Air heat exchanger gas approach valve 7; Air heat exchanger exhanst gas outlet valve 8; Gas inlet valve 9; Gas exit valve 10; Coal gas by-passing valve 11; Air inlet valve 12; Air outlet valve 13; Air bypass valve 14; Chimney 15; Additional combustion stove 16; Additional combustion kiln gas valve 17; Waste gas air-introduced machine 18; Exhaust gas of hot-blast stove fairlead 20; Plate bundle module 21; High hot flue gas 22; Low temperature coal gas or air 51; Gas inlet pipe road 52; Output channel 61; Air input channel 62; Air output channel 71; Exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue 72; Additional combustion stove output channel
Fig. 1 has provided embodiment of the invention system architecture sketch map.A kind of preheating system of plate heat exchanger of hot blast furnace, it contains: gas inlet pipe road 51, output channel 52, air input channel 61, air output channel 62, exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue 71, chimney, some heat exchangers, the additional combustion stove connects pipeline and some valves.Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention heat exchanger structure sketch map.Said heat exchanger is a plate type heat exchanger; It is made up of some groups of plate bundle modules; Said plate bundle module 20 is undulatory dividing plate by convex-concave and is formed by stacking, and high hot flue gas 21 forms import and export separately with low temperature coal gas or air 22 reverse flow in the plate chamber of transpostion interval.Because heat-transfer working medium in the middle of not having, so heat-transfer effect is good, its space bar available metal material or ceramic material are processed, and have very high high-temperature capability, can adapt to higher preheat temperature.Said additional combustion stove output channel 72 is provided with delivery valve; Itself and exhaust gas of hot-blast stove flue and connect after insert gas change heater and air heat exchanger flue gas input through imported valve respectively, its gas change heater and air heat exchanger flue gas output also are equipped with outlet valve and are connected to chimney through pipeline.When the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove temperature can satisfy production requirement, can the additional combustion stove cut out, turn-off additional combustion stove output channel delivery valve, only coal gas and/or air are carried out heat exchange with the exhaust gas of hot-blast stove temperature.When needs improve the input temp of flue gas, open the additional combustion stove, because the high-temperature flue gas that the additional combustion stove produces mixes the input that has improved flue gas with exhaust gas of hot-blast stove temperature, this will improve coal gas and/or combustion air preheat temperature.Said gas inlet pipe road inserts gas change heater coal gas input through imported valve, carries out heat exchange with the hot flue gas of height, and the coal gas that absorbs high heat uses through coal gas output outlet valve to coal gas output channel heat supply wind furnace.Said air input channel inserts air heat exchanger air input through imported valve; Carry out heat exchange with the hot flue gas of height; The air output that absorbs heat uses through outlet valve to air output channel heat supply wind furnace, and the flue gas of accomplishing heat exchange enters atmosphere from chimney.When coal gas and/or air do not need preheating or gas change heater 1 and/or the maintenance of air heat exchanger 2 needs; Can open flue gas by-passing valve 5 and coal gas by-passing valve 10 and/or air bypass valve 13; And close each import and export valve of heat exchanger (3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12), gas preheating device 1 and/or air preheater 2 are isolated with hot blast stove system.
The difference of Fig. 3 embodiment and previous embodiment is that gas change heater has 1-1 and two of 1-2 to be composed in series; Air heat exchanger is made up of 2-1,2-2 and three of 2-3; Wherein air heat exchanger 2-1 connects with gas change heater 1-1 and 1-2; Air through air heat exchanger by the preliminary preheating of 2-1 after; Get into air heat exchanger 2-2 and 2-3 and carry out preheating once more; The thermal medium of air heat exchanger 2-2 and 2-3 is the high-temperature flue gas that additional combustion stove additional combustion stove 15 produces, and for control additional combustion stove high-temperature flue-gas surpasses air heat exchanger 2-2 and 2-3 ability to bear, draws low-temperature flue gas from additional combustion kiln gas valve 16 behind the preceding or air heat exchanger 2-1 exhanst gas outlet valve 7 through air-introduced machine 17 and mixes with additional combustion stove high-temperature flue gas.
Survey to such an extent that the temperature of each heat exchanger import and export is following in this example:
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 and difference previous embodiment is on earlier figures 3 embodiment bases, has increased exhaust gas of hot-blast stove fairlead 18.Its objective is and reduce the quantity that exhaust gas of hot-blast stove gets into gas change heater 1-1,1-2 and air heat exchanger 2-1, improve the mixed flue gas temperature, to satisfy required flue-gas temperature of preheating and the requirement of flue gas thermal content.
The foregoing description is not construed as limiting the invention, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme that form obtained of replacement or equivalent transformation, all drop within protection scope of the present invention.