Titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process
Technical field
The present invention relates to the thermal treatment process of metallic substance, definitely say, relate to and utilize bell type annealing furnace to handle titanium coiled sheet, especially cold rolling industrial pure titanium coiled sheet.
Background technology
Pure titanium has some characteristics different with steel, and for example crystal has the ppolymorphism body structure, is close-packed hexagonal structure below 882 ℃, and slip system is few, and anisotropy is obvious, and chemical property is active, and cold working working hardening effect is remarkable.Web-like or tabular titanium material (hereinafter referred to as the titanium coiled sheet) need anneal after cold rolling.The industrially pure titanium of cold deformation is according to the different recrystallization temperatures that have between 450-550 ℃ of impurity component and cold deformation rate, and annealing temperature should be higher than recrystallization temperature.The chemical property of titanium is active, high temperature down easily generates zone of oxidation with element reaction such as airborne O, H, N, make the physicochemical property variation, except that hardness and fragility increase and plasticity and elasticity reduction, the adsorptivity of the industrially pure titanium under the high temperature is also stronger, carbide and dust in surface residues after cold rolling and the annealing intensification atmosphere may be adsorbed to the surface, form the annealing blackspot, influence titanium coiled sheet surface quality thus.
Existing titanium coiled sheet annealing treating process comprises vacuum annealing or inert-free gas protection annealing.The flat 9-217157 of JP discloses a kind of vacuum annealing process: at first annealing furnace is vacuumized, be heated to then more than 400 ℃ to annealing temperature, then be heated to 600-700 ℃ and insulation under the situation of high-purity nitrogen charging into.Under the relative vacuum state, still there is harmful atmosphere in the stove, nitrogen also has a negative impact to the titanium coiled sheet surface quality after the annealing.Vacuum annealing process is to the requirement height of equipment, and security is lower, is unsuitable for the annealing that big volume weighs the titanium coiled sheet.Inert-free gas protection annealing is carried out in open environment, and there is zone of oxidation on the titanium coiled sheet surface after the annealing, and is of poor quality, needs to clear up zone of oxidation after the annealing, both increased materials consumption and workload, reduces production efficiency again.Therefore, people's expectation is improved above-mentioned existing titanium plate coil annealing process.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process, interior no negative pressure of stove or excess pressure in the annealing process, improve the titanium coiled sheet surface quality after annealing whereby, zone of oxidation removal treatment after the cancellation annealing, improve the quality of products, cut down the consumption of energy and spillage of material, enhance productivity.
For realizing this purpose, the invention provides a kind of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process, comprising:
A, the titanium coiled sheet is put into annealing furnace;
B, be the 10-10000Pa malleation, with 50-200 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet be heated above its recrystallization temperature and be incubated 2-25 hour, in this heating and insulating process, all the time with 20-120 rice with inert gas replacement furnace gas to furnace pressure
3/ hour flow feed rare gas element to annealing furnace;
C, with 1 meter
3/ hour to 20 meters
3/ hour flow rare gas element is fed annealing furnace so that furnace pressure remains under the condition of 10-10000Pa, with 10-150 ℃/hour speed of cooling cooling titanium coiled sheet to tapping temperature;
D, the titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
In the present invention, the chemical ingredients of titanium coiled sheet meets standard GB/T 3620.1-2007, for example the titanium coiled sheet contain≤0.50% Fe ,≤0.08% C ,≤0.05% N ,≤0.015% H and≤0.48% O, and single amount≤0.10% and other unavoidable impurities of total amount≤0.40%, surplus is Ti.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned heat-processed can be carried out in two steps, earlier the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 350-450 ℃ and be incubated 1-25 hour, then the titanium coiled sheet is heated above its recrystallization temperature and is incubated 2-25 hour with 50-200 ℃/hour rate of heating with 50-200 ℃/hour speed.
In above-mentioned titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process, preferably adopt purity greater than 95% to 99.99999% argon gas as rare gas element.If purity of argon is less than or equal to 95%, then may have a negative impact to the titanium coiled sheet surface quality after annealing because of wherein being doped with oxygen.From economy, purity of argon is unsuitable too high, therefore selects 99.99999% as the upper limit.Preferred purity is the argon gas more than 99.9%.
As everyone knows, the difference that the commercial titanium coiled sheet is looked its composition has different recrystallization temperatures, roughly between 450-550 ℃.The present invention stipulates for this reason, in step B the titanium coiled sheet is heated above 550 ℃.Need not limit the upper limit of Heating temperature in principle, but cause the thick consideration of excessive grain from economy and the too high meeting of Heating temperature, preferred 750 ℃ is the Heating temperature upper limit.Preferred 580-750 ℃ Heating temperature scope.
In above-mentioned titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process,, can before steps A, carry out skimming treatment to titanium coiled sheet surface by the chemical bases washing method for obtaining better titanium coiled sheet surface quality.In above-mentioned titanium plate coil annealing process, preferably before step B earlier with in the nitrogen purging stove 15-45 minute with the displacement furnace atmosphere, use the inert gas replacement furnace atmosphere then, and/or preferred in the process of cooling of step C with in the nitrogen purging stove 15-45 minute, here, nitrogen purging in the process of cooling is preferably in when the titanium coiled sheet reaches tapping temperature soon and carries out, and doing like this is in order to replace furnace atmosphere.Purging nitrogen earlier in heat-processed mainly is in order to save the consumption of rare gas element.
In above-mentioned heating and insulating process, because all the time with 20-120 rice
3/ hour flow in annealing furnace, feed rare gas element such as argon gas, in this case, leak although furnace gas may occur in heating and insulating process, above-mentioned pressurize measure can guarantee furnace pressure level up to specification, obtains good annealing coiled sheet quality thus.
According to the present invention, the preferred bell type annealing furnace that adopts is carried out above-mentioned annealing process, it comprises inner cover, active heating mantles and active cooling cowl, this moment is in steps A, the titanium coiled sheet is hung into inner cover, in the heat-processed of step B, before the titanium coiled sheet being heated above recrystallization temperature and insulation with heating mantles, earlier the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 350-450 ℃ and be incubated 1-25 hour with heating mantles.
In any one embodiment of above-mentioned titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process, in above-mentioned process of cooling, earlier the titanium coiled sheet is carried out slow cooling, then the titanium coiled sheet is quickly cooled to tapping temperature.Slow cooling can prevent the annealing bonding of titanium coiled sheet.Slow cooling can be adopted 10-50 ℃/hour speed of cooling and 1-5 hour cooling time.When carrying out annealing process with above-mentioned bell type annealing furnace, in above-mentioned process of cooling, still cover at heating mantles under the situation of inner cover and be with the heating mantles cooling earlier, with cooling cowl the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to tapping temperature then.Annealing process of the present invention can adopt the annealing furnace of other type to implement.When the heating mantles with bell type annealing furnace carries out slow cooling, also can adopt 10-50 ℃/hour speed of cooling and 1-5 hour cooling time.
Annealing process according to the present invention is preferred for bell type annealing furnace the cold rolling industrial pure titanium coiled sheet being carried out anneal, can certainly be used to handle the titanium material that other is in cold working state or cold conditions, especially becomes the form of plate, band, line.
The present invention's regulation, preferred 100-120 ℃/hour speed of cooling in step C.Also can adopt≤50 ℃/hour speed of cooling.Tapping temperature is determined on a case-by-case basis, and is chosen as 20-100 ℃ usually, preferably is lower than 50 ℃.
Titanium plate coil annealing process of the present invention preferably adopts bell type annealing furnace, but be characterized in the opening type inner cover, active heating mantles and the active cooling cowl that comprise that the available hydraulic pin compresses, heating mantles is equipped with burner, is used for according to implementing annealing temperature control by the temperature sensor of annealing furnace such as the temperature of thermocouple measurement.Certainly, the present invention also can adopt the annealing furnace of other type.
Description of drawings
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that is used to implement according to the bell type annealing furnace of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the annealing process curve synoptic diagram according to the 2nd embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the annealing process curve synoptic diagram according to the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the annealing process curve synoptic diagram according to the 6th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the annealing process curve synoptic diagram according to the 7th embodiment of the present invention;
Embodiment
The invention provides titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process, its available bell type annealing furnace is implemented, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises openable inner cover 1, active heating mantles and active cooling cowl, heating mantles is furnished with a plurality of burners, is used for heating the titanium coiled sheet 3 that is placed into inner cover according to the temperature of being surveyed by the temperature sensor such as the thermopair of annealing furnace.
Titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention may further comprise the steps: the titanium coiled sheet is put into annealing furnace; With rare gas element 2 displacement furnace gas to furnace pressures is the 10-10000Pa malleation, with 50-200 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated above its recrystallization temperature and is incubated 2-25 hour, in this heating and insulating process, all the time with 20-120 rice
3/ hour flow feed rare gas element to annealing furnace; With rare gas element with 1 meter
3/ hour to 20 meters
3/ hour flow feed in the annealing furnace furnace pressure remained under the condition of 10-10000Pa, simultaneously with 10-150 ℃/hour speed of cooling cooling titanium coiled sheet to tapping temperature; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.Remaining in the stove inert gas pressure in above-mentioned heating and insulating process and process of cooling, to be in prescribed level be favourable, can improve the surface quality of annealing product whereby.
Below, specifically describe the present invention in conjunction with a plurality of embodiment of pressure control annealing process of the present invention.
The 1st embodiment
The 1st embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention comprises: cold rolled titanium sheet coil is put into annealing furnace; With 40 meters
3/ hour flow thoroughly replace furnace atmosphere with purity greater than 98% argon gas, to furnace pressure be the 10Pa malleation, thereby make the interior argon gas atmosphere purity of stove greater than 98%, with 100 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 630 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 1 hour subsequently, in heating and insulating process respectively with 40 meters
3/ hour and 30 meters
3/ hour flow feed argon gas to keep furnace pressure 10Pa; With 2 meters
3/ hour flow continue to feed argon gas to keep furnace pressure be under the condition of 10Pa, with 50 ℃/hour speed of cooling the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to room temperature; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
The titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface.
The 2nd embodiment
The 2nd embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention comprises: cold rolled titanium sheet coil is put into annealing furnace, is above-mentioned bell type annealing furnace at this; With 50 meters
3/ hour flow thoroughly replace furnace atmosphere with purity greater than 99% argon gas, to furnace pressure be the 5000Pa malleation, thereby make the interior argon gas atmosphere purity of stove greater than 99%, with 150 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 680 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 2 hours subsequently, in heat-processed, continues with 50 meters
3/ hour flow feed argon gas, in insulating process with 20 meters
3/ hour flow to feed argon gas be 5000Pa to keep furnace pressure; Under the condition that keeps furnace pressure 5000Pa, earlier with 45 ℃/hour speed of cooling with titanium coiled sheet slow cooling to 500 ℃, change cooling cowl again and be cooled to 45 ℃ with 100 ℃/hour speed of cooling, in process of cooling all with 5 meters
3/ hour flow to feed argon gas be 5000Pa to keep furnace pressure; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
Fig. 2 represents the annealing process curve of the 2nd embodiment, and the titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface, and the annealing bonding does not take place yet.
The 3rd embodiment
The 3rd embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention comprises: cold rolled titanium sheet coil is put into annealing furnace, is above-mentioned bell type annealing furnace at this; Be that 99.99% argon gas is with 45 meters with purity
3/ hour flow thoroughly replace furnace atmosphere, to furnace pressure be the 10000Pa malleation, thereby make in the stove argon gas atmosphere purity greater than 99.99%, in replacement process, with 200 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 730 ± 10 ℃ and be incubated 3 hours, in insulating process with 40 meters
3/ hour flow feed above-mentioned argon gas to keep furnace pressure 10000Pa; Under the condition that keeps furnace pressure 10000Pa, with 80 ℃/hour speed of cooling the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to about 55 ℃, in process of cooling with 5 meters
3/ hour flow feed argon gas; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
Fig. 3 represents the annealing process curve of the 3rd embodiment, and the titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface.
The 4th embodiment
The 4th embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention comprises: the titanium coiled sheet is put into annealing furnace; Be that 99.999% argon gas is with 50 meters with purity
3/ hour flow thoroughly replace furnace atmosphere, to furnace pressure be the 10000Pa malleation, make argon gas atmosphere purity after the displacement greater than 99.8%, simultaneously at metathetical, with 150 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 680 ℃ and be incubated 2 hours, in heating and insulating process with 50 meters
3/ hour flow be that 99.999% argon gas feeds annealing furnace with purity, to guarantee furnace pressure 10000Pa; With 2 meters
3/ hour flow just purity be that 99.999% argon gas feeds annealing furnace furnace pressure is remained under the condition of 10000Pa, with 150 ℃/hour speed of cooling the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to 35 ℃; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
The titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface.
The 5th embodiment
The 5th embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention can utilize above-mentioned bell type annealing furnace to implement, and this annealing process comprises: the inner cover of the titanium coiled sheet being put into annealing furnace; With purity is that 99.999% argon gas is thoroughly replaced inner cover atmosphere, to furnace pressure be the 5000Pa malleation, subsequently with heating mantles heating, be heated to 680 ℃ and be incubated 2.5 hours with 180 ℃/hour rate of heating with the titanium coiled sheet this moment, in heating and insulating process with 50 meters
3/ hour flow to feed purity be 99.999% argon gas, to keep furnace pressure 5000Pa; Under the condition that keeps furnace pressure 5000Pa, be with the heating mantles cooling, this moment is with 5 meters
3/ hour flow to feed purity be 99.999% argon gas, on the one hand with cooling time of 50 ℃/hour speed of cooling and 5 hours with the slow cooling of titanium coiled sheet to about 420 ℃, realize pressurize on the other hand, and after the cooling of band heating mantles finishes, with cooling cowl the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to about 30 ℃ with 120 ℃/hour speed of cooling, in this process of cooling with 4 meters
3/ hour flow to feed purity be 99.999% argon gas, be used to cool off the titanium coiled sheet on the one hand, be used for pressurize on the other hand; Hang out inner cover, the titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
The titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface, the annealing bonding do not occur.
The 6th embodiment
The 6th embodiment of titanium plate coil pressure control annealing process of the present invention can utilize above-mentioned bell type annealing furnace to implement, and this annealing process comprises: the titanium coiled sheet is hung inner cover into annealing furnace; Thoroughly replace inner cover atmosphere with rare gas element, to furnace pressure be the 6110Pa malleation, with heating mantles the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 680 ℃ and be incubated 2 hours with 150 ℃/hour rate of heating subsequently, in heating and insulating process with 20 meters
3/ hour flow feed rare gas element, to keep furnace pressure 5960Pa; Under the condition that keeps furnace pressure 5960Pa, be with the heating mantles cooling, this moment is with 5 meters
3/ hour flow feed rare gas element, on the one hand with cooling time of 45 ℃/hour speed of cooling and 4 hours with the slow cooling of titanium coiled sheet to about 490 ℃, keep furnace pressure 6000Pa on the other hand, and after the cooling of band heating mantles finishes, with cooling cowl the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to about 40 ℃ with 150 ℃/hour speed of cooling, in this process of cooling with 5 meters
3/ hour flow feed rare gas element, be 5890Pa to keep furnace pressure; Hang out inner cover, the titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
Fig. 4 represents the annealing process curve of the 6th embodiment, and the titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface, and the annealing bonding does not take place.
The 7th embodiment
The 7th embodiment of titanium roll bending pressure control annealing process of the present invention comprises: clean the titanium coiled sheet with conventional chemical bases washing method, so that skimming treatment is carried out on its surface; To put into annealing furnace through the titanium coiled sheet of skimming treatment; With in the nitrogen purging stove 45 minutes, with the displacement furnace atmosphere; Behind the nitrogen purging, argon gas with 99.999% is thoroughly replaced furnace atmosphere, to furnace pressure be the 6000Pa malleation, with 150 ℃/hour rate of heating the titanium coiled sheet is heated to 410 ℃ and be incubated 1.5 hours subsequently, then be heated to 580 ℃ and be incubated 2 hours with 130 ℃/hour rate of heating, in above-mentioned heating and insulating process all with 30 meters
3/ hour flow feed above-mentioned argon gas; Under the condition that keeps furnace pressure 6000Pa, with 100 ℃/hour speed of cooling the titanium coiled sheet is cooled to 45 ℃, in process of cooling with 4 meters
3/ hour flow with argon gas the titanium coiled sheet is protected cooling; At the end of cooling stages, used the nitrogen purging stove interior 45 minutes; The titanium coiled sheet is come out of the stove.
Fig. 5 represents the annealing process curve of the 7th embodiment, and the titanium coiled sheet of annealed processing can directly be sent to road, back manufacturing procedure, need not further to clear up titanium coiled sheet surface.
In the bell type annealing furnace that heats with heating mantles and be incubated, thermopair can be set, the burner on the heating mantles can be controlled annealing temperature according to the temperature that records thus.In adopting band heating mantles refrigerative annealing process, the selection of speed of cooling and time can be decided on factors such as batch, coiled sheet material, form and performances.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages and effect: with inert free gas protection annealing Compare, by keeping malleation in the stove, when reducing inert gas and consuming, avoid by sealing, leak, The outside air that the reasons such as breakage cause enters in the stove and makes the units such as titanium coiled sheet and airborne O, H, N Plain reaction can make the titanium coiled sheet surface non-oxidation layer after the annealing thus, can directly send into next procedure, no Only omitted that the alkaline bath water behind the conventional annealing is quick-fried, pickling process, oxide layer machinery reconditioning and improve thus the worker Make efficient, reduce production costs and energy consumption, environmental contamination reduction, and fundamentally solved existing skill Exist in the art, cause product physicochemical property variation, hardness increase, plasticity and bullet because of surface contamination layer The problems such as property reduction, fragility increase. The present invention has also that technology is simple, flow process short, easy to operate, control Make the advantages such as easy. Compare with vacuum annealing, the simplified operation flow process reduces equipment requirement, reduces behaviour Make difficulty, improve the security of production process, avoid the existing titanium coiled sheet existing adhesion problem of annealing, Can make the titanium coiled sheet product physicochemical property after the annealing satisfy the product standard requirement.