CN101629629B - Piston and method of manufacture - Google Patents
Piston and method of manufacture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101629629B CN101629629B CN2009101511268A CN200910151126A CN101629629B CN 101629629 B CN101629629 B CN 101629629B CN 2009101511268 A CN2009101511268 A CN 2009101511268A CN 200910151126 A CN200910151126 A CN 200910151126A CN 101629629 B CN101629629 B CN 101629629B
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- piston
- engaging surface
- wall
- parts
- heating
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- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
A piston particularly adapted for heavy-duty diesel engine applications is fabricated from separate parts having circumferentially extending joining surfaces that are heated prior to bonding to an elevated temperature sufficient to enable bonding of the joining surfaces, and thereafter the joining surfaces brought into contact with one another and twisted to attain a permanent metallurgical weld at the interface of the joining surfaces.
Description
The application is that application number is the dividing an application for the patent application of " piston and production method " that " 200380107217.2 ", the applying date be on November 5th, 2003, denomination of invention.
Background of invention
The piston each several part that is used to combine to form separately is known with the whole bag of tricks that produces piston structure.A kind of such method is the friction welding method, and wherein piston part presses to cover on another part with high-speed rotation simultaneously, and resulting frictional energy produces enough heats and two-part are combined.Other technology comprises resistance welding method, induction heating welding process etc., wherein, after two-part are contacted with each other, enables flux and passes engaging surface, and this is fully heated it and two surfaces are engaged with each other.
U. S. Patent the 5th, 150, No. 517 is an instance of friction welding method, and U. S. Patent is for the 6th, No. 291806 another instance of typical induction heating, wherein coil configuration in contact engaging surface side with inductive energy, thereby induce heat at the interface.The side of this inductor coil disposes a kind of tendency, and near the engaging surface zone rate of heat addition the edge of materials of proximity sensing coil is faster than those zones away from coil, thereby the generation hot-fluid changes and heat affected zone in the material area of adjacent interface.In piston needs, high capacity application such as DENG, need provide across welded joint uniformly in the heat affected zone, interface, so that reduce any variation of the strength of materials and integrity as far as possible.
U. S. Patent the 6th, 155 discloses a kind of piston No. 157, and this piston has first and second parts, and these two parts engage across the engaging surface group that two spaced radials come by the friction welding method.Can find out; This structure shows for engaging two-part challenge by the induction heating welding process; This is because the approaching of zone that belongs to for engaging surface is restricted; And in the situation of internal cooling channel, can not be near position adjacent to any inductor coil of the engaging surface that cooperates.In the piston field on the basis of known existing technology; People also do not know to exist a kind of proper technology that is used for the sort of complicated piston structure shown in induction heating welding as above-mentioned ' No. 642 patent; And; Owing to this induction heating technique is applicable to have the practical difficulty of the complicated piston structure of the engaging surface that a plurality of spaced radials come, and does not know to use such proper technology.
Beyond heavy piston field, induction heating is used to engage simple structure, for example, and the butt welding metal tube of carrying petroleum products.This pipeline is that simple single wall is columnar structured, has flat end face.For with an end joined in the other end, an inductor coil is caused between the both ends of the surface, end face is heated to the temperature of rising, thereafter coil is extracted out, and end face is engaged with each other to form weld seam.When making the end face contact, preferably make it reverse an a small amount of (several years) to obtain the closer combination of face of weld.Surprisingly; The inventor has been found that; Up to now the induction heating welding technique that is confined to engage simple single wall cylindrical shape petroleum pipeline can be modified; Thereby be successfully used to engage complicated piston structure, realize firm, high integrity joint, have evenly and very little heat affected zone across the interface of engaging surface.
Summary of the invention
According to first aspect of the present invention, a kind of aspect of making piston comprises first and second parts of making piston, and each part has at least two engaging surfaces.Said part is supported with the relation that each interval comes by said surface.When being spaced apart when coming, engaging surface is heated to the temperature of a raising, stop heating thereafter, engaging surface is contacted with each other cross the metallurgy combination of engaging surface with formation.
According to another aspect of the present invention; A kind of method of making piston is provided, and wherein the engaging surface of piston first portion is bearing on the engaging surface of piston second portion, when spaced apart with spaced apart relationship; Said surface is heated, and it is contacted with each other to form metallurgy combination.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of piston is provided, this piston has first and second parts, these two engaging surfaces that are partly with the cooperation that combines by the induction heating welded joint, and have the uniform heat affected zone of crossing the joining portion.
Advantage of the present invention is that a kind of method of welding the multi-part type piston simply, cheaply can be provided.
The present invention also has the advantage that a kind of high integrity welded joint is provided, and contiguous welded joint has little and uniform heat affected zone.
The present invention also has the advantage of the induction heating method of the heating that a kind of engaging surface that can accurately control two-piston part is provided; Thereby in the process of the combination temperature that engaging surface is heated to raising, the engaging surface of each piston portion can overheated or Insufficient heating.
Another advantage of the present invention is, the engaging surface of heating piston portion when each interval comes is compared with the back area of heating surface that is engaged with each other, and the heating on surface is more accurate, even and be controlled.For example; When friction welding, piston has upper and lower bizet, is provided with at the end face of the inside and outside wall portion that the spaced radial of piston portion comes to connect the surface; This must cause outer wall than the relative heating more fully of inwall; This is because outer diameter is bigger, thereby rotates with the angular velocity bigger than inwall, thereby produces frictional heat with the speed bigger than inwall.Different with friction welding, according to the present invention, induction heating can accurately be controlled the relative heating of the inside and outside wall of this piston, thereby between inside and outside wall, forms more uniform welded joint.
Control can be avoided exceedingly heating outer wall by the heating of the inside and outside wall of the piston of method joint of the present invention, on outer wall, forms annular groove, so that compare with friction welding, is controlled at the hot-fluid in the ring belt area better.
Another advantage according to induction heating of the present invention is; Compare with friction welding; Engage piston portion with induction heating and need lower pressure; In friction welding the required heat of welding be through piston portion under higher relatively compressive load, relatively rotate produce (approximately 1000psi is to 20 of friction welding, 000psi).Therefore, fixing and support required anchor clamps of the part of induction welding and equipment according to the present invention, to need not to resemble friction welding needed so firm.In addition, because structure needn't be born the sort of weight load that often surpasses suffered load in the piston use in the friction welding, thereby piston structure is more free.Therefore, usage answers heat welded to make the piston each several part thinner, and weight is lighter, has practiced thrift manufacture cost, and makes the user of such piston approve fuel oil and discharging usefulness.
Description of drawings
When combining following detailed description and accompanying drawing to consider, with being more readily understood above-mentioned feature and advantage with other of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the upper and lower parts of welding secondary piston;
The view of Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 is seemingly represented the parts and the heated engaging surface thereof that are fixed;
Fig. 3 is the planimetric map of employed heating coil among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional figure of Fig. 2 parts;
The view of Fig. 5 and Fig. 2 seemingly moves into the parts that contact with each other and reversed but be illustrated in the heating back;
Fig. 6 is the stereogram of the piston of last processing;
Fig. 7 is the sectional drawing along 7-7 line intercepting among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is that amplification profile representes that heating coil is arranged to from one of piston element nearer than another parts.
Embodiment
Piston according to preferred embodiment body plan of the present invention representes that with reference character 10 processed by at least two parts, these two parts form independent of one another in the accompanying drawings; At least one group, the best engaging surface that cooperates of at least two group extending circumferentiallies are provided; The initial each interval of said engaging surface comes, and is heated to the temperature that is enough to weld assembly, thereafter; The heating on surface is terminated, and the surface is engaged with each other to realize the permanent weld between parts.
In the illustrated embodiment, piston 10 comprises first parts 12 and second parts 14.Two parts 12,14th, by metal, preferably processed by alloyed steel, but, the present invention is not limited to these materials.First and second parts can cast, forge, processed or processed by any other method that is used to make metal parts by powdered metal.First and second parts, 12,14 used alloys can be identical or different, and therefore, for the required heating-up temperature of welding first and second parts that realizes material can be identical or different, this depends on the needs of concrete application.
In the illustrated embodiment, first parts 12 comprise the upper crown of piston 10, and second parts 14 are the following bizet of piston 10 among the figure, and with upper-part 12 complementations, thereby when engaging, parts 12,14 constitute piston 10.
Upper-part 12 is formed with an annular inner wall 22 and annular outer wall or endless belt 24, and said internal ring wall is in the combustion bowl extension that faces down for 18 times, and said outer wall or endless belt come in that inwall 22 is spaced apart outside radially, and dangle downwards from upper wall 16.Inside and outside wall 22,24 is formed with engaging surface 26,28 separately near its end or end. Engaging surface 26,28 extending circumferentiallies, preferably continuous, form symmetrically with respect to longitudinal axis A, thereby engaging surface 26,28 is concentric around axis A.
Before being welded on first parts 12 on second parts 14; First parts are preferably processed, and what more recommend is finally to process, so that to combustion bowl 18, any valve pool 20, engaging surface 26; 28 be arranged on inside and outside wall 22; 16 extend upward to the annular cooling groove 30 of the outside of combustion bowl 18 between 24 and from engaging surface 26,28 towards upper wall, and an interior vault 32 that extends within radially at inwall 22 provides the polishing surface.To talk about below, piston 10 is formed with the annular groove on a series of externally endless belt 24, and still, these annular grooves process on piston 10 after being preferably in the joint that will describe.
Before welding following crown part 14 on the superincumbent crown part 12, preferably following crown part 14 is processed, what more recommend is finally to process; Thereby, comprise being located between the inside and outside wall 40,42 from engaging surface 44 at pin hub 38, neck 36; 46 extend downwardly on the cooling groove 48 of a diapire 50 and form finishing; Above-mentioned diapire 50 extends between the lower end of inside and outside wall 40,42 and connects, and preferably makes it become a member.Below crown part 14 also comprise a piston skirt 52, the structure of this piston skirt and following crown part 14 is processed single, not movable structure, and is not fixed on movably on the pin hub 34.Inside and outside surperficial 54,56 of piston skirt 52 is processed by final before welding, and inside and outside surperficial 58,60 of pin hub 34 also is like this.Pin-and-hole 38 also can be by final processing to comprise an annular groove 62, and it is used in piston 10 work a crosshead pin being remained in the pin-and-hole 38.
The outer wall 24,42 of the crown part 12,14 of upper and lower part can be adjacent to its free end and be formed with a neck region that radially reduces 64,66, and there is thin cross section in said neck region 64,66 in the zone of wall 24,42 near it.According to preferred embodiment, engaging surface is formed on the free end in neck region 64,66; Thereby when mating part 12 as shown in Figure 4;, on piston, form a drain pan 68 near pin hub 34 tops, at 14 o'clock respectively at engaging surface 26; Cross drain pan 68 on 44 and 28,46 the position and form welded joint 70.
Describe welding operation now in detail, Fig. 2 representes the crown part 12,14 of upper and lower part formation separately, that process in advance, and these two parts are fixed, and its engaging surface 26,28 and 44,46 is separately axially aligned, but each interval come.Heating coil, preferably load coil 72 stretches between the upper and lower crown part 12,14, and coil 72 is energized with the induction heating engaging surface, and it is risen to is enough to make engaging surface by the induction heating welded joint temperature of metallurgy combination each other.In case be heated to sufficiently high temperature, heating coil 72 is removed fast, as shown in Figure 4, upper and lower crown part 12,14 is axially moved each other in opposite directions, make its engaging surface separately consistent each other joint under the temperature that is enough to combine.According to the present invention, the engaging surface of inside and outside wall is heated to suitable a combination temperature or different combination temperature simultaneously in by the once-through operation of heating coil 72.Heating coil 72 preferably includes a load coil; When energising; In inside and outside wall, induce electronic current; Make the engaging surface local heating to the combination temperature that raises, and the influence that most of inside and outside wall material still is not induction heated basically (that is, not rising to the temperature that causes that material microstructure changes).Therefore, induction heating can produce the heat affected zone (HAZ) 74 of well-controlled, and the width that inside and outside wall is crossed in this zone is uniform basically.
When upper and lower crown part 12; 14 have been heated and when it is contacted with each other, preferably make parts 12,14 reverse a less relatively amount; So that mix or smear engaging surface, so that cross the very high metallurgy combination of integrity that weld interface 70 is realized upper and lower crown part.Upper and lower crown part 12,14 is preferably in the scope intort than the little about 2-4 degree of a commentaries on classics at the scope intort than the little several years of commentaries on classics.Last or down crown part comprise non-symmetrical features, in the situation like the combustion bowl 18 of valve pool 20 or biasing, importantly make them suitably directed with respect to pin-and-hole axis B in final piston.Therefore, the position of crown part 12,14 and anchor clamps will be controlled meticulously, thereby before joint, make these characteristics aim at an amount with axis B mistake, thereby it is suitably directed that these characteristics are got into respect to pin-and-hole axis B.
As shown in Figure 6, after welding, on piston 10, finally process, so that in endless belt 24, form a series of annular grooves 76.Annular groove 76 is preferably in drain pan 68 tops, thereby welded joint 70 is arranged in the outer wall 24,42.
As the result of upper and lower crown part 12,14 welding, between crown part 12,14, form the oil duct 78 of sealing, this oil duct is with inside and outside wall 22,40; 24,42, upper wall 16 and diapire 50 are the boundary, and welded joint is exposed to oil duct 78. Crown part 12,14 can form or be processed with fuel feeding or the draining passage that gets into oil duct 78, and it forms with other above-mentioned final finished surface before being preferably in welding.
Can find out, because engaging surface 26,28 and 44,46th is engaging these surperficial heating before by heating coil 72, rather than after engaging these surfaces, heat, thereby can obtain and highly control the direct of engaging surface and uniform heating.In the situation that Fig. 8 representes, owing to material different, geometrical shape etc., if the equidistant setting of each engaging surface on coil and each set of bond surface, so, the engaging surface of upper and lower crown part can be by even heating.In instance shown in Figure 8; The engaging surface 26,28 of last crown part 12 than the engaging surface of following crown part need more greatly, stronger heating, thereby inductor coil 72 is towards engaging surface 26; 28 biasings or skew are so that crown part relatively more near last crown part but not down.Like this, even when the combination temperature of two parts different or parts than another parts needs more multipotency can guarantee that also the engaging surface that cooperates suitably is heated to their required separately combination temperature when reaching certain combination temperature.Through towards the parts that need more add heat, the parts moving coil 72 that deviates from the less heating of needs, can reach suitable equilibrium position, combining the overheated of forepiece and preventing Insufficient heating so that reduce.The ability of the relative heating of the upper and lower crown part of this control makes the upper and lower crown part 12,14 can be by having the different material manufacture that combine temperature; Or have same structure or a different materials; Need different heating, so that reach the suitable temperature that combines at appropriate time with the complementary part joint.
Obviously can make many modifications and variation to the present invention according to top technology contents.Therefore, obviously can different with specific descriptions within the scope of the claims mode embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. piston comprises:
Piston top with matching surface;
Piston bottom with matching surface;
An induction heating welded joint that combines above-mentioned each matching surface,
Wherein, Said piston top and piston bottom all have outer wall and the inwall that spaced radial comes; The radial outer wall on piston top engages by the radial outer wall of induction heating welded joint with the piston bottom; The inner radial wall on piston top engages by the inner radial wall of induction heating welded joint with the piston bottom, and
Piston top comprises that a burning combines and a plurality of annular groove, and the piston bottom comprises a pair of pin hub spaced apart.
2. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the piston bottom comprises a piston skirt.
3. piston as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: thus piston skirt and piston bottom process one form one can not movable part.
4. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: piston top and piston bottom are processed by identical materials.
5. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: piston top and piston bottom are made from a variety of materials.
6. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: cast for one in piston top and the piston bottom, another forges.
7. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: one in piston top and the piston bottom is that powdered metal is processed.
8. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: piston top comprises valve pool.
9. piston as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said piston comprises annular cooling ditch.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US42408902P | 2002-11-06 | 2002-11-06 | |
| US60/424,089 | 2002-11-06 | ||
| US10/701,274 US6825450B2 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-11-04 | Piston and method of manufacture |
| US10/701,274 | 2003-11-04 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003801072172A Division CN100544526C (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-11-05 | A kind of method for making piston |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101629629A CN101629629A (en) | 2010-01-20 |
| CN101629629B true CN101629629B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
Family
ID=35927939
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003801072172A Expired - Fee Related CN100544526C (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-11-05 | A kind of method for making piston |
| CN2009101511268A Expired - Fee Related CN101629629B (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-11-05 | Piston and method of manufacture |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003801072172A Expired - Fee Related CN100544526C (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-11-05 | A kind of method for making piston |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN100544526C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010033879A1 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-02-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine and pistons for an internal combustion engine |
| JP6225105B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2017-11-01 | フェデラル−モーグル・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニーＦｅｄｅｒａｌ−Ｍｏｇｕｌ Ｌｌｃ | Piston manufacturing method |
| US9909527B2 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2018-03-06 | Federal-Mogul Llc | Hybrid induction welding process applied to piston manufacturing |
| US10253722B2 (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2019-04-09 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Us, Inc. | Methods for forging a piston blank |
| DE102017210818A1 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-12-27 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine from a piston upper part and from a piston lower part |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5549335A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1996-08-27 | Peerless Of America, Incorporated | Solderless metallurgical joint |
| JP3740858B2 (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 2006-02-01 | マツダ株式会社 | Joined metal member and method of joining the member |
| GB9808634D0 (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 1998-06-24 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Heating apparatus and heating element assembly method |
| US6112642A (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-09-05 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method and apparatus for making a two piece unitary piston |
| GB2368550B (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2004-09-01 | Rolls Royce Plc | Method and apparatus for friction welding |
| CN1167532C (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2004-09-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Induction friction welding method |
-
2003
- 2003-11-05 CN CNB2003801072172A patent/CN100544526C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-05 CN CN2009101511268A patent/CN101629629B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1729718A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN100544526C (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101629629A (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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Granted publication date: 20120822 Termination date: 20201105 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |