CN101624647A - Pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and system thereof - Google Patents
Pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production technique of pellet in the field of metallurgy, in particular to a pellet roasting production technology recycling residual heat and a system thereof. The technology comprises three stages, namely green pellet drying and pre-heating, green pellet roasting and high temperature pellet cooling, wherein the air flow discharged in a third cooling section in the high temperature pellet cooling stage is introduced into the air blast cooling section in the green pellet drying and pre-heating stage as a heat source. The system comprises a chain grate, a rotary kiln and a recirculation cooler, which are connected in sequence, wherein the recirculation cooler comprises a first cooling section, a second cooling section and the third cooling section; a smoke helmet of the third cooling section is connected with a bellows gas path of the air blast drying section through a multi-tube dust remover and an exhaust fan. By adopting the technology and the system thereof, heat energy can be made full use of, and the influence of waste gas on environment is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production technology of pellet in the field of metallurgy, refer to a kind of pellet roasting production technology and system thereof of recycling residual heat particularly.
Background technology
Pellet is a kind of high quality raw material that blast furnace ironmaking is used.Along with the continuous increase of its demand, the pellet formation technology is also in continuous progress.In the pellet production process, the roasting apparatus that uses in the world mainly contains three kinds at present, i.e. shaft furnace, belt type roasting machine and grate kiln.Shaft furnace since unit throughput little, the heating inhomogeneous, to the bad adaptability of raw material, use now is not extensive; Technological process is simple, layout is compact, the required equipment tonnage is light though belt type roasting machine has, can adapt to the advantages such as requirement that expand the scale of production, but its consumption for high temperature resistant Special Alloy Steel is big, class is high, and, also have difficulties so be extensive use of to the stability requirement height of raw material in the production process; The grate kiln roasting is even, unit throughput is big, so in the reality, main still based on the grate kiln production technique.
China has the pellet production line about 58% to adopt grate kiln technology.Traditional roasting production technology system is made up of drying grate, rotary kiln, central cooler:
The drying and the preheating of green-ball are finished on drying grate, are divided into blasting drying period, down-draft drying zone, first preheating section and second preheating section.The hot gas flow of blasting drying period comes from the part waste gas of central cooler the 3rd cooling section discharging; The down-draft drying zone adopts the hot waste gas that reclaims from second preheating section that the bed of material is carried out drying; The main technique effect of first preheating section is heating, intensification and oxidation, main thermal source is the hot waste gas from central cooler second cooling section, and being supplemented with the hot gas flow of part from second preheating section, this strand hot gas flow imports by first preheating section and second preheating section petticoat pipe division wall (half wall) hole; The thermal source of second preheating section mainly comes from the hot gas flow of rotary kiln.
Green-ball after drying, the preheating carries out high temperature oxidation roasting in rotary kiln.
The cooling of high temperature pelletizing is carried out in central cooler.The central cooler bonnet divides four sections: kiln hood cover and the parallelpiped of the hot gas flow of first cooling section by hopper top directly enters rotary kiln and makes secondary air, to improve the kiln atmosphere temperature; The hot gas flow of second cooling section is directly introduced drying grate first preheating section thermal source as a supplement by heating duct; The low temperature wind of the 3rd cooling section partly is sent to the drying grate blasting drying period as thermal source, and remaining enters the 4th cooling section; The 4th cooling section waste gas is by smoke stack emission on the central cooler.
In addition, system is provided with two backheat blower fans, a bonnet blower fan, a up-draught drying fan and a main exhauster altogether.
The problem that above-mentioned traditional technology exists is:
1) waste gas of the down-draft drying zone and first preheating section enters main chimney with a main exhauster, and two sections temperature is different with thermal parameters such as blast, makes temperature, air quantity instability;
2) division wall of first preheating section and second preheating section is half wall, and the High Temperature Gas cognition of second preheating section is scurried into the I section, also can have influence on the stable of heat power engineering system;
3) the 4th cooling section waste gas directly enters atmosphere by chimney, and the temperature of this section has about 150 ℃ generally speaking, makes heat cause waste, has influenced environment simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problem that overcomes above-mentioned traditional drying grate-rotary kiln baking technology and system's existence thereof, a kind of pellet roasting production technology and system thereof of recycling residual heat are provided, can either guarantee the stable of thermal parameters such as system temperature, air quantity and blast, can make full use of waste heat again and make system's thermal cycling more reasonable.
For achieving the above object, the pellet roasting production technology of the recycling residual heat that the present invention adopts, comprise green-ball dry and preheating, green-ball roasting and high temperature pelletizing cooling three phases, green-ball drying and preheating are divided into blasting drying period, down-draft drying zone, first preheating section and second preheating section again successively, the cooling of high temperature pelletizing comprises first cooling section, second cooling section and the 3rd cooling section again successively, and its concrete steps are as follows:
1) green-ball drying and preheating:
1.1) blasting drying period: green-ball is carried out forced air drying under 200～280 ℃ the air-flow that the 3rd cooling section is discharged;
1.2) down-draft drying zone: under 300～400 ℃ the air-flow that second preheating section is discharged, carry out the exhausting drying through the green-ball after the forced air drying, the weight percent of green-ball moisture is dropped to below 2%;
1.3) first preheating section: the dried green-ball of exhausting heats up under 600～750 ℃ air-flow;
1.4) second preheating section: the green-ball after first preheating section heats up is proceeded to heat up under 1120～1250 ℃ air-flow, and simultaneously, the air-flow of discharge is introduced into blasting drying period as thermal source;
2) green-ball roasting: the pelletizing after drying and the preheating carries out oxidizing roasting under 1250～1350 ℃ of high temperature, simultaneously, the secondary air the when air-flow that first cooling section is discharged is introduced into as roasting, the air-flow of discharge is introduced into second preheating section as thermal source;
3) high temperature pelletizing cooling:
3.1) first cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out the air blast cooling, and simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into the green-ball firing section as secondary air;
3.2) second cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out the air blast cooling second time, and simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into first preheating section as thermal source;
3.3) the 3rd cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out air blast cooling again, reach below 100 ℃ to the temperature of pellet, obtain the finished ball nodulizing, simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into blasting drying period as thermal source.
Described step 1.1), 1.2) and 1.3) in, preferably use independent equipment to enter chimney respectively to the air-flow of each section discharge.
Described step 1.3) in, can carry out heat recovery to the air-flow more than 150 ℃ of discharging.
For realizing the pellet roasting production system of the custom-designed recycling residual heat of above-mentioned technology, comprise the drying grate, rotary kiln and the central cooler that connect successively.Described drying grate is the four-part form structure of blasting drying period, down-draft drying zone, first preheating section, second preheating section.Described central cooler comprises first cooling section, second cooling section and the 3rd cooling section.Its special feature is:
The bellows of described second preheating section are connected with the petticoat pipe gas circuit of down-draft drying zone with vacuum fan by multi-tube dust cleaner, and the bellows of the petticoat pipe of described blasting drying period (1.1), down-draft drying zone (1.2) all link to each other with chimney (7) with the bellows of first preheating section (1.3);
The kiln tail of described rotary kiln is connected with the petticoat pipe gas circuit of second preheating section;
The bellows of described first cooling section, second cooling section and the 3rd cooling section are connected with gas blower separately, the petticoat pipe of described first cooling section is connected with the kiln hood gas circuit of rotary kiln, the petticoat pipe of described second cooling section is connected with the first preheating section gas circuit, and the petticoat pipe of described the 3rd cooling section is connected with the bellows gas circuit of blasting drying period with vacuum fan by multi-tube dust cleaner.
Further, the division wall between described first preheating section and second preheating section is whole wall.
The bellows of the petticoat pipe of described blasting drying period, the bellows of down-draft drying zone and first preheating section preferably link to each other with chimney (7) with vacuum fan (6) by supporting separately electric precipitator (5) respectively.
Further, also be provided with the waste-heat recovery device that is used for the riser tubing water temperature between the bellows of described first preheating section and the chimney.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) central cooler has replaced four sections by three sections, and with the waste gas of the 3rd cooling section thermal source as first preheating section, has made full use of heat energy, and reduced the influence of waste gas to environment;
2) down-draft drying zone and first preheating section use a vacuum fan separately, compare with a shared main exhauster of two stages in the past, have kept gas flow temperature and blast separately, have guaranteed the stable of whole heat power engineering system;
3) division wall of first preheating section and second preheating section is whole wall, has avoided because the unsteady problem of heat power engineering system parameter that second preheating section causes to the first preheating section supplemental heat air-flow;
4) air-flow of first preheating section discharge can be up to 180 ℃, and the present invention can recycle in modes such as heating domestic waters, has saved the energy, and has improved environment.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of pellet roasting production system of the present invention;
Among the figure, drying grate 1 (wherein: blasting drying period 1.1, down-draft drying zone 1.2, first preheating section 1.3, second preheating section 1.4), rotary kiln 2, central cooler 3 (wherein: first cooling section 3.1, second cooling section 3.2, the 3rd cooling section 3.3), division wall 4, electric precipitator 5, vacuum fan 6, chimney 7, gas blower 8, waste-heat recovery device 9, multi-tube dust cleaner 10, green-ball 11, pellet 12.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with one the cover recycling residual heat the pellet roasting production system the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in drawings, the pellet roasting production system of recycling residual heat of the present invention comprises the drying grate 1, rotary kiln 2 and the central cooler 3 that connect successively.
Drying grate 1 is the four-part form structure, i.e. blasting drying period 1.1, down-draft drying zone 1.2, first preheating section 1.3 and second preheating section 1.4, and the division wall between first preheating section 1.3 and second preheating section 1.4 4 is whole wall.The bellows of blasting drying period 1.1 are connected with the 3rd cooling section 3.3 gas circuits, and the petticoat pipe of blasting drying period 1.1 is connected with chimney 7 with vacuum fan 6 by overlapping independent electric precipitator 5 with one of its coupling; The petticoat pipe of down-draft drying zone 1.2 is connected with the bellows gas circuit of second preheating section 1.4, and the bellows of down-draft drying zone 1.2 are connected with chimney 7 with vacuum fan 6 by overlapping independent electric precipitator 5 with one of its coupling; The petticoat pipe of first preheating section 1.3 is connected with second cooling section, 3.2 gas circuits, and its bellows are connected with chimney 7 with vacuum fan 6 by overlapping independent electric precipitator 5 with one of its coupling; The exhaust flow that chimney 7 is discharged above-mentioned three phases enters atmosphere; The petticoat pipe of second preheating section 1.4 is connected with the kiln exhaust gas road of rotary kiln 2, and its bellows are connected with the petticoat pipe gas circuit of down-draft drying zone 1.2 with vacuum fan 6 by multi-tube dust cleaner 10 successively.In the drying grate 1 of present embodiment, blasting drying period 1.1, down-draft drying zone 1.2, first preheating section, 1.3 areas are respectively 69m
2, the area of second preheating section is 138m
2
The kiln tail of rotary kiln 2 links to each other with drying grate 1 afterbody, and kiln hood links to each other with central cooler 3.
In addition, also be provided with waste-heat recovery device 9 between the vacuum fan 6 of first preheating section 1.3 and the chimney 7.Because the exhaust flow temperature of this section discharge is above 150 ℃ even up to 180 ℃, so can utilize the heat in these air-flows, about 20 ℃ cold water are heated into hot water about 85 ℃, be used for the bathing of employee in the factory or as purposes such as other domestic waters, at this moment, the temperature of the temperature of this section combustion gas and other working zone combustion gas will all be lower than 130 ℃, and these waste gas are less to the influence of environment, also not convenient usefulness.
The pellet roasting production technology process of recycling residual heat of the present invention is as follows:
At first, the green-ball of making 11 is arranged in carries out drying and preheating in the drying grate 1, the moisture weight percent at 8.5～12% green-ball 11 successively through blasting drying period 1.1, down-draft drying zone 1.2, first preheating section 1.3 and second preheating section 1.4.In blasting drying period 1.1, enter the bellows of blasting drying period 1.1 through multi-tube dust cleaner 10 and vacuum fan 6 from the air-flow of the 3rd cooling section 3.3 discharges, 208 ℃ air-flow sees through the bed of material and carries out forced air drying, from the petticoat pipe of blasting drying period 1.1 discharge waste gas enter chimney 7 through electric precipitator 5 and vacuum fan 6 and discharge; In down-draft drying zone 1.2, enter the petticoat pipe of down-draft drying zone 1.2 through multi-tube dust cleaner 10 and vacuum fan 6 from the air-flow of second preheating section, 1.4 discharges, 349 ℃ air-flow sees through the bed of material and carries out the exhausting drying, the moisture weight percent of green-ball 11 is reduced to below 2%, and the waste gas that 1.2 bellows are discharged from the down-draft drying zone enters chimney 7 discharges through electric precipitator 5 and vacuum fan 6; In first preheating section 1.3, enter the petticoat pipe of first preheating section 1.3 from the air-flow of second cooling section, 3.2 discharges, 692 ℃ air-flow sees through the bed of material and carries out preheating, and the waste gas of discharging from the bellows of first preheating section 1.3 enters chimney 7 discharges through electric precipitator 5 and vacuum fan 6; In second preheating section 1.4, the air-flow of discharging from the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2 enters the petticoat pipe of second preheating section 1.4,1199 ℃ air-flow sees through the bed of material and carries out preheating, and the waste gas of discharging from the bellows of second preheating section 1.4 enters the petticoat pipe of down-draft drying zone 1.2 through multi-tube dust cleaner 10 and vacuum fan 6.
Then, green-ball 11 is gone into kiln from the kiln tail of rotary kiln 2 and is carried out high temperature oxidation roasting, and the temperature in the rotary kiln 2 is controlled at 1250～1350 ℃, and bituminous coal and Sweet natural gas are adopted in the heat supply of rotary kiln 2.Wherein, fire coal sprays into high-pressure air from kiln hood after levigate.Pulverized coal gun adopt to be transferred the good four-way burner of flame performance, simultaneously by from the high-temp waste gas of first cooling section 3.1 as secondary air, be divided into two strands and introduce in the kiln, for rotary kiln 2 provides a uniform and stable temperature field by burner top and parallel beneath.
Next, entering central cooler 3 after the stationary screen of high temperature pellet 12 in being located at rotary kiln 2 kiln head box will remove greater than the scalper of 200mm carries out air-cooled.Through first cooling section 3.1, second cooling section 3.2 and the 3rd cooling section 3.3, outlet temperature is reduced to 100 ℃ to high temperature pellet 12, becomes finished ball nodulizing 12 successively.The gas blower 8 of each section carries out air blast respectively.In first cooling section 3.1, about 1171 ℃ high-temp waste gas of discharging from petticoat pipe enters the kiln hood of rotary kiln 2 as secondary air; In second cooling section 3.2, from petticoat pipe discharge about 716 ℃ warm waste gas be drawn towards first preheating section 1.3 of drying grate 1 as its unique thermal source; In the 3rd cooling section 3.3, about 226 ℃ low temperature waste gas of discharging from petticoat pipe is drawn towards the bellows of drying grate 1 blasting drying period 1.1 as its thermal source through multi-tube dust cleaner 10 and vacuum fan 6.
With 150 ℃ the waste gas of reaching of the 3rd cooling section 3.3 was directly entered atmosphere through the 4th cooling section and compared in the past, this technology and system thereof have not only utilized its heat fully, have also improved environment.And need not second preheating section 1.4 just because of this part heat can satisfy the demand of first preheating section 1.3 fully and be this stage additional heat, division wall 4 between first preheating section 1.3 and second preheating section 1.4 is designed to whole wall, thereby has avoided scurrying wind to first preheating section 1.3 and influencing the stable problem of heat power engineering system owing to second preheating section 1.4.
Claims (8)
1. the pellet roasting production technology of a recycling residual heat, comprise green-ball dry and preheating, green-ball roasting and high temperature pelletizing cooling three phases, green-ball drying and preheating are divided into blasting drying period, down-draft drying zone, first preheating section and second preheating section again successively, the cooling of high temperature pelletizing comprises first cooling section, second cooling section and the 3rd cooling section again successively, it is characterized in that:
1) green-ball drying and preheating:
1.1) blasting drying period: green-ball is carried out forced air drying under 200～280 ℃ the air-flow that the 3rd cooling section is discharged;
1.2) down-draft drying zone: under 300～400 ℃ the air-flow that second preheating section is discharged, carry out the exhausting drying through the green-ball after the forced air drying, the weight percent of green-ball moisture is dropped to below 2%;
1.3) first preheating section: the dried green-ball of exhausting heats up under 600～750 ℃ air-flow;
1.4) second preheating section: the green-ball after first preheating section heats up is proceeded to heat up under 1120～1250 ℃ air-flow, and simultaneously, the air-flow of discharge is introduced into blasting drying period as thermal source;
2) green-ball roasting: the pelletizing after drying and the preheating carries out oxidizing roasting under 1250～1350 ℃ of high temperature, simultaneously, the secondary air the when air-flow that first cooling section is discharged is introduced into as roasting, the air-flow of discharge is introduced into second preheating section as thermal source;
3) high temperature pelletizing cooling:
3.1) first cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out the air blast cooling, and simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into the green-ball firing section as secondary air;
3.2) second cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out the air blast cooling second time, and simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into first preheating section as thermal source;
3.3) the 3rd cooling section: the pelletizing after the roasting is carried out air blast cooling again, reach below 100 ℃ to the temperature of pellet, obtain the finished ball nodulizing, simultaneously, the air-flow of this section discharge is introduced into blasting drying period as thermal source.
2. the pellet roasting production technology of recycling residual heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described step 1.1), 1.2) and 1.3) in, use independent equipment to enter chimney respectively to the air-flow of each section discharge.
3. the pellet roasting production technology of recycling residual heat according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described step 1.3), the air-flow more than 150 ℃ of discharging is carried out heat recovery.
4. one kind is adopted the described technology of claim 1 and the pellet roasting production system of custom-designed recycling residual heat, comprise the drying grate (1), rotary kiln (2) and the central cooler (3) that connect successively, described drying grate (1) is the four-part form structure of blasting drying period (1.1), down-draft drying zone (1.2), first preheating section (1.3), second preheating section (1.4), described central cooler
(3) comprise first cooling section (3.1), second cooling section (3.2) and the 3rd cooling section (3.3), it is characterized in that:
The bellows of described second preheating section (1.4) are connected with the petticoat pipe gas circuit of vacuum fan (6) with down-draft drying zone (1.2) by multi-tube dust cleaner (10), and the bellows of the petticoat pipe of described blasting drying period (1.1), down-draft drying zone (1.2) all link to each other with chimney (7) with the bellows of first preheating section (1.3);
The kiln tail of described rotary kiln (2) is connected with the petticoat pipe gas circuit of second preheating section (1.4);
The bellows of described first cooling section (3.1), second cooling section (3.2) and the 3rd cooling section (3.3) are connected with gas blower (8) separately, the petticoat pipe of described first cooling section (3.1) is connected with the kiln hood gas circuit of rotary kiln (2), the petticoat pipe of described second cooling section (3.2) is connected with first preheating section (1.3) gas circuit, and the petticoat pipe of described the 3rd cooling section (3.3) is connected with the bellows gas circuit of vacuum fan (6) with blasting drying period (1.1) by multi-tube dust cleaner (10).
5. the pellet roasting production system of recycling residual heat according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the division wall (4) between described first preheating section (1.3) and second preheating section (1.4) is whole wall.
6. according to the pellet roasting production system of claim 4 or 5 described recycling residual heat, it is characterized in that: the bellows of the petticoat pipe of described blasting drying period (1.1), down-draft drying zone (1.2) link to each other with chimney (7) with vacuum fan (6) by supporting separately electric precipitator (5) respectively with the bellows of first preheating section (1.3).
7. according to the pellet roasting production system of claim 4 or 5 described recycling residual heat, it is characterized in that: also be provided with the waste-heat recovery device (9) that is used for the riser tubing water temperature between the bellows of described first preheating section (1.3) and the chimney (7).
8. the pellet roasting production system of recycling residual heat according to claim 6 is characterized in that: also be provided with the waste-heat recovery device (9) that is used for the riser tubing water temperature between the bellows of described first preheating section (1.3) and the chimney (7).
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| CN102252530B (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-23 | 中冶北方工程技术有限公司 | Novel waste heat utilization and emission reduction process for hot air systems of chain grate machine, rotary kiln and circular cooler |
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2009
- 2009-08-04 CN CN2009100634326A patent/CN101624647B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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