Background technology
Along with the development of economic level, because people improve constantly the requirement of aspects such as the technical performance of electronics and electric product and structure, and the technological progress of material and technology relatively lags behind, and the product reliability problem is more apparent gives prominence to.The external environment stress that product in use influences its reliability has: temperature, vibration, low pressure, humidity, impact or the like.
Specifically; In actual environment, product receives vibrational energy through being everlasting three on axially simultaneously, but not the vibration on the single axial; Just three axial vibrational energies vary in size; But most of situation satisfies this distribution: sample is that X, Y, the axial direction of Z are vibrated at stereoscopic three-dimensional, the axial vibrational energy of X and Y about equally, Z axially then is the twice of X axle or Y axle.Three-dimensional vibrating excites simultaneously, can more appropriate simulation product situation in actual use.
Carrying out the screening and the reliability growth activity of electronic product in the prior art, multiple test method is arranged, relevantly with vibration with temperature mainly contain three kinds of test methods, is respectively that fast temperature variation, random vibration, HALT and HASS test.
Becoming the screening test that the loop control mode is carried out through rapid temperature, is technological means commonly used at present, generally adopts rapid temperature to become case and carries out, and refrigeration modes has two kinds, i.e. compression mechanism cold-peace liquid nitrogen refrigerating.Compressor cooling mode, rate of temperature fall major part are 5 ℃/min~20 ℃/min, and the linear character of cooling is obvious; Liquid nitrogen refrigerating can be realized higher rate of temperature fall, but the linear character of its cooling characteristic is not as Technology of Compressor Refrigeration.This test method is comparatively mature and stable; Input cost is less relatively; But the reliability testing of simple stress (temperature cycles variation) only can be provided; The screening test effect is obvious inadequately, the reliability that only can examine the product tolerable temperature to change, and need the latent defect that the very long test period could exposing product.
Random vibration also is one of electronic product screening test means commonly used, and this technology generally adopts electromagnetic vibration generator system to carry out, testing crew input control parameter; Through computer control software and controller, realize the D/A conversion, the ingoing power amplifier; The output amplified current, the jigging platform moving coil of flowing through produces powerful thrust; Drive extends perpendicular platform or horizontal sliding table, force the test product that is fixed on the table top to carry out pre-programmed vibration.This test method is more mature and stable, and control is convenient, and vibration severity (like frequency, acceleration, amplitude etc.) can be provided with according to the test needs, and input cost is less relatively.But a random vibration on axially only can be provided, and the screening test effect is obvious inadequately, only can examine the fastness of the aspects such as physical arrangement, assembling, welding and mechanical connection of product.
The third mode is HALT and HASS test.This experimental technique originates from the U.S., develops in the U.S., obtains cognition and application gradually in China in recent years.This technology adopts high accelerated aging stress test device to realize; This device integrates the vibration of six degree of freedom pneumatic hammer and rapid temperature becomes function; Employing software programming control; Can produce independent high temperature, low temperature, fast temperature circulation, six degree of freedom vibration iso-stress test model, also can realize the combined stress pattern of temperature and vibration.The temperature rate of equipment can reach 60 ℃/min.This equipment price is expensive, and input cost is high, and this device needs a plurality of pneumatic hammers (general 8) to realize that six degree of freedom vibrates, i.e. the vibration of six directions such as X axis linear, Y axis linear, z axis property, the rolling of X axle, the rolling of Y axle, the rolling of Z axle.Because of mode of vibration is complicated, existing control technology fails to realize the controllability of vibration frequency, and promptly the user can not select and the change vibration frequency range according to the needs of test; Simultaneously, as the critical component-pneumatic hammer that produces vibrational energy, the factor amount is many, also complicacy of complex structure, operation, breaks down easily.The typical vibration frequency range of equipment is 1Hz~10000Hz; Unadjustable because of vibration frequency; The limitation that causes it to use; Vibration frequency in particularly many product for civilian use uses is usually less than 500Hz, and the vibrational energy that must apply the higher frequency scope if can not regulate vibration frequency often causes turnout to damage (improper test or overtesting) outward in product.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to propose a kind of product reliability screening plant and method; Adopt a kind of device simple in structure, lower-cost to realize the vibration-testing at three-dimensional of product; And can regulate vibration frequency according to the needs of test, effectively improve the effect of screening test.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention proposes a kind of product reliability screening plant, this device involving vibrations platform and inclined plane clamp, inclined plane clamp is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration generator system; At least in direction vibration, the inclined-plane of this inclined plane clamp favours said direction to this shake table.
Said shake table is an electromagnetic vibration generator system, involving vibrations source and the control module that is connected this vibration source, this control module involving vibrations frequency adjustment module, acceleration adjustment module or amplitude adjustment module.
This device comprises that also a fast temperature changes chamber, and said chamber comprises the high speed forced air supply system of a liquid nitrogen refrigerating apparatus, an electro-heat equipment, a Programmable Temperature controller and a connect box.
Said refrigerating plant comprises four liquid nitrogen input ports and four corresponding liquid nitrogen flow Electromagnetic Control valves, the motor of an aspirating hole and the usefulness of bleeding; Electro-heat equipment comprises that being arranged at said fast temperature changes the many groups heat-generating units in three inwall interlayers of chamber, and wherein every group of heat-generating units comprises the resistance wire of three high-power low values, and the specification of these three resistance wires is 6 Ω, 8kW, star-like connection.
Said inclined plane clamp comprises base, inclined-plane and anchor clamps, and this base vertically is provided with, and this inclined-plane is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and inclined-plane and horizontal plane are fixed on the base at angle, and anchor clamps are fixed in sample on the inclined-plane through fixing hole.
The inclination angle of said inclined-plane and horizontal plane is 35.27 °.
The axis of said sample becomes a deflection angle to be fixed on the inclined-plane with the axis on inclined-plane.
Said deflection angle is 45 °.
A kind of reliability screening method, this method specifically comprises the steps:
Step S11: the moving-coil of electromagnetic vibration generator system is placed the Z axial configuration, inclined plane clamp is fixed on the extends perpendicular platform of electromagnetic vibration generator system;
Step S12: sample X axis as required and the axial component of acceleration of Y, confirm the angle of sample axis and inclined-plane axis, sample is positioned on the inclined-plane after by this angle deflection, and passes through clamps;
Step S13: the control module through electromagnetic vibration generator system is provided with test parameters, and the frequency of involving vibrations, acceleration, amplitude begin test and monitoring test process;
Step S14: will pass through the sample sifter that damages after the vibration test and remove, and keep, and finish test through the unspoiled sample of experiment.
A kind of reliability screening method, this method comprises the steps:
Step S21: the moving-coil of electromagnetic vibration generator system is placed the Z axial configuration, and be positioned at fast temperature variation chamber bottom opening;
Step S22: inclined plane clamp is fixed on the extends perpendicular platform of electromagnetic vibration generator system;
Step S23: sample X axis as required and the axial component of acceleration of Y, confirm the angle of sample axis and inclined-plane axis, sample is positioned on the inclined-plane after by this angle deflection, and passes through clamps;
Step S24: open the valve of liquid nitrogen storage tank, connect the power supply that fast temperature changes chamber and electromagnetic vibration generator system, get into the interface is set, temperature and vibration test parameter are set;
Step S25: test starts, the implementation process monitoring, and the sample sifter that will behind overtesting, damage removes, and keeps through the unspoiled sample of experiment, finishes test.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention passes through on existing electromagnetic vibration generator system, only to increase an inclined plane clamp simple in structure; Can effectively realize three-dimensional vibrating; The vibrational energy distribution situation of product in the more appropriate simulation reality; And control is simple, and the deflection angle that only need change sample and inclined-plane can be realized the vibrational energy ratio of X axle, Y axle, Z-direction.Simultaneously, also can select suitable vibration frequency, thereby guarantee test be more accurate according to the type and the purposes of test product, the reliability screening effect is more obvious.In addition, reliability screening apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and control is convenient, and is workable, and cost is lower, is convenient to promote the use of.
On the other hand, reliability screening device according to the invention also can change the combined stress test that chamber realizes vibration and variations in temperature through increasing by a fast temperature.Temperature puts on product simultaneously with vibration, and ambient stress that can more appropriate simulation occurring in nature product has remarkable result for the weak link of exposing product.
The specific embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention.
Be depicted as a kind of structural representation of the said product reliability screening plant of the specific embodiment of the invention like Fig. 1 a, can be used for carrying out three-dimensional vibrating, two-dimension vibration or one dimension vibration.This device comprises electromagnetic vibration generator system 104 and inclined plane clamp 101, and wherein, inclined plane clamp 101 is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration generator system 104.Here the implication on " inclined-plane " of inclined plane clamp 101; It mainly is direction of vibration inclination with respect to electromagnetic vibration generator system 104; When direction of vibration when being vertical, then the inclined-plane of inclined plane clamp 101 favours horizontal plane, when direction of vibration is other directions; In the time of such as horizontal direction, then the inclined-plane of inclined plane clamp 101 favours this horizontal direction.Certainly, electromagnetic vibration generator system 104 can be by other drive power source, are not limited to electric and magnetic oscillation or are inclined relative to horizontal.
When product being carried out the combined stress test of variations in temperature and vibration, said reliability screening device comprises that also a fast temperature changes chamber 102 and a thermal insulation board 103, shown in Fig. 1 b.Wherein, The moving-coil of electromagnetic vibration generator system 104 gets into the bottom opening that fast temperature changes chamber 102; The base plate of thermal insulation board 103 sealing fast temperatures variation chambers 102 and the space between the moving-coil are to prevent the heat transmission, and inclined plane clamp 101 is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration generator system 104.
Wherein, the main part of electromagnetic vibration generator system 104 is shake table stage bodies, mainly comprises activity system (moving-coil and work top), magnetic circuit system, elastic supporting system, guiding mechanism, cooling device, vibrating isolation system etc.Also comprise electrical equipment and electronic instrument in addition, like power amplifier, controller.The user can realize the setting and the control of vibration severity through controlling software, like the setting and the control of frequency, acceleration and amplitude.
Be depicted as exterior view, the side view of a kind of structure of the said inclined plane clamp 101 of the specific embodiment of the invention like accompanying drawing 2a, Fig. 2 b; Comprise base, inclined-plane and anchor clamps; The plane that sample wherein is installed is the inclined-plane; This inclined-plane becomes certain included angle with horizontal plane, claims that this angle is inclination angle of inclined plane α, i.e. the angle of inclined-plane axis AB and horizontal direction CD shown in Fig. 2 b.During test; Sample passes through other clamps on inclined plane clamp 101; It realizes being connected with the vertical stand of electromagnetic vibration generator system 104; Moving-coil promotes the vibration that vertical stand is made vertical direction or horizontal direction, and this specific embodiment is an example with the vertical direction vibration, and inclined plane clamp 101 is fixed on the vertical vibration platform of electromagnetic vibration generator system 104.
Be fixed on the inclined plane clamp 101 after certain angle of sample deflection; The angle of axis AB that is axis and the inclined plane clamp 101 of sample is a deflection angle; Set this deflection angle and represent with β, axially there is component of acceleration simultaneously in sample, Z axial at its X axis, Y when then vibrating, and is designated as A respectively
x, A
y, A
zSuppose a certain moment in the vibration processes, the acceleration of shake table vertical direction is A, and then sample three axial components of acceleration are respectively in theory:
A
z=A*Cosα (1)
A
x=A*Sina*Cosβ (2)
A
y=A*Sina*Sinβ (3)
Because Cos β and Sin β are less than or equal to 1, the inclination angle of inclined plane α of inclined plane clamp 101 is fixed value (this angle is definite value after the inclined plane clamp moulding), the component of acceleration mould value of Z-direction | A
z| constant, and the component of acceleration mould value of X-direction and Y direction | A
x| with | A
y| can change along with the deflection angle β that sample is placed on inclined plane clamp 101 and change.
In this specific embodiment, inclined plane clamp adopts magnesium-aluminium alloy material to process, and its inclination alpha=35.27 ° ° are example with deflection angle β=45, and shown in accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, then above-mentioned formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) are calculated and can be got:
A
z=A*Cosα=0.816A
Ax=A*Sinα*Cosβ=A*Sin35.27°*Cosβ=0.577A?Cos45°=0.408A
A
y=A*Sinα*Sinβ=A*Sin35.27°*Sinβ=0.577A?Sin45°=0.408A
Therefore, the relation of X axle, Y axle, three axial component of acceleration mould values of Z axle is:
|Az|=2|Ax|=2|Ay|
This proportionate relationship meets product in the actual environment three vibrational energy distribution on axially, promptly the axial vibrational energy of X axis and Y about equally, and Z axially is X axis or the axial twice of Y.Therefore, in actual tests, preferably sample deflection 45 is fixed on the inclined plane clamp.
It should be noted that; The inclination angle of inclined plane α of said inclined plane clamp 101 is not limited to described 35.27 ° of this specific embodiment; The deflection angle β that said sample is placed also is not limited to described 45 ° of this specific embodiment, as long as other angle satisfies inclination angle of inclined plane α between 0 ° to 90 °, deflection angle β all belongs to protection scope of the present invention between 0 ° to 360 °; In addition; Inclination angle of inclined plane α between 90 ° to 180 °, between 180 ° to 270 °, 270 ° of inclined plane clamp structures that obtain between 360 ° the time are all identical with the inclined plane clamp structure that said inclination angle of inclined plane α obtains between 0 ° to 90 °, therefore, also belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
Below also intermediate description " inclined-plane " implication of inclined plane clamp 101; Its effect is only to adopt the vibration of a dimension; " inclined-plane " of ingenious combination inclined plane clamp 101; Promptly can realize the vibration-testing of sample, need not to adopt each dimension of prior art all need once vibrate at three-dimensional.Both at the trial between, the consuming cost aspect, greatly different; The most basic difference is the effect of vibrating.
Said fast temperature changes chamber 102 and comprises a liquid nitrogen refrigerating system; This refrigeration system comprises that said fast temperature changes 44 liquid nitrogen input ports that well behaved liquid nitrogen flows control electromagnetic valves, case inner right wall are provided with on chamber 102 casings, and the aspirating hole offered of case inner left wall and the CD-ROM drive motor that is used for detaching the high temperature liquid nitrogen that test gasified; Wherein four liquid nitrogen flow control electromagnetic valves are controlled 4 liquid nitrogen input ports respectively, and when 4 valves were opened simultaneously, the liquid nitrogen supply was maximum, and it is the fastest to lower the temperature, and has guaranteed that maximum rate of temperature fall reaches 100 ℃/min.Valve opening quantity can be selected control, to realize different rate of temperature fall.In the specific embodiment of the invention, open a valve, can make the incubator rate of temperature fall reach 25 ℃/min.
The sensitivity and the reliability of liquid nitrogen flow control electromagnetic valve are the key factors that the said fast temperature of influence changes the performance of chamber 102." normally closed solenoid valve of bore is an example to the two logical types made from ASCO in this specific embodiment 0.6.
Said fast temperature changes the positive high speed forced air supply of chamber 102 employings system, guarantees temperature homogeneity.
Said fast temperature changes chamber 102 and also comprises an electro-heat equipment; This electro-heat equipment comprises 10 groups of heat-generating units evenly installing in case inner left wall, right wall and the rear wall interlayer; Every group of heat-generating units connects to form by the resistance wire of 3 high-power low values is star-like, with the proof load balance.In this specific embodiment, with the resistance wire specification be: 6 Ω, 8kW are example.
In addition, this fast temperature changes chamber 102 and also comprises a Programmable Temperature controller, carries out the setting of many groups program; Adopt human-computer dialogue formula touch-screen, strengthened operation convenience.For guaranteeing safety, be provided with safety precautions, like over current protection, earth leakage protective, control loop overload and short-circuit protection, overtemperature prote, ground protection, warning audio communication prompting.
Through like the described reliability screening device of Fig. 1 a, the method for carrying out the vibration stress test of three-dimensional comprises the steps:
Step S11: the moving-coil of electromagnetic vibration generator system is placed the Z axial configuration, inclined plane clamp is fixed on the extends perpendicular platform of electromagnetic vibration generator system;
Step S12: sample X axis as required and the axial component of acceleration of Y, confirm the angle of sample axis and inclined-plane axis, sample is positioned on the inclined-plane after by this angle deflection, and passes through clamps;
Step S13: the control module through electromagnetic vibration generator system is provided with test parameters, and the frequency of involving vibrations, acceleration, amplitude begin test and monitoring test process;
Step S14: will pass through the sample sifter that damages after the vibration test and remove, and keep, and finish test through the unspoiled sample of experiment.
When carrying out the combined stress test of variations in temperature and vibration, adopt the reliability screening device shown in Fig. 1 b, specifically comprise the steps:
Step S21: the moving-coil of electromagnetic vibration generator system is placed the Z axial configuration, and be positioned at fast temperature variation chamber bottom opening;
Step S22: inclined plane clamp is fixed on the extends perpendicular platform of electromagnetic vibration generator system;
Step S23: sample X axis as required and the axial component of acceleration of Y, confirm the angle of sample axis and inclined-plane axis, sample is positioned on the inclined-plane after by this angle deflection, and passes through clamps;
Step S24: open the valve of liquid nitrogen storage tank, connect the power supply that fast temperature changes chamber and electromagnetic vibration generator system, get into the interface is set, temperature and vibration test parameter are set;
Step S25: test starts, the implementation process monitoring, and the sample sifter that will behind overtesting, damage removes, and keeps through the unspoiled sample of experiment, finishes test.
Fast temperature according to the invention changes chamber 102 also can carry out the variations in temperature stress test separately, specifically comprises the steps:
Step S31: laboratory sample is positioned over said fast temperature changes in the chamber 102;
Step S32: start the power supply that said fast temperature changes chamber 102;
Step S33: the valve of opening liquid nitrogen storage tank;
Step S34: get into the interface is set, test parameters is set;
Step S35: firing test, process monitoring makes an experiment;
Step S36: will pass through the sample sifter that damages fast temperature variation test back and remove, and keep the unspoiled sample of process experiment, and finish test.
In above-mentioned two kinds of methods, deflection angle β preferred value is 45 °.
The user can combine three kinds of equipment in the process of using on the one hand, carries out the experiment of combined stress, improves the accuracy of screening product; On the other hand, also can only adopt electromagnetic vibration generator system 104 and inclined plane clamp 101 according to actual needs, carry out the three-dimensional vibrating test.Also can only adopt fast temperature to change chamber 102, carry out change of temperature test, improve the utilization rate of equipment and the flexibility of use.
It should be noted that; Inclined plane clamp 101 of the present invention is not limited on the vertical stand that is positioned over said electromagnetic vibration generator system; Also can be positioned over and do the horizontal direction vibration on the horizontal extension platform; Or be rotated test, and then said test method is also done adaptive change, and said change all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.It should be noted that the deflection angle β that test specimen is placed is not limited to described 45 ° of this specific embodiment, other angle between 0 ° to 90 ° also can be selected, and just the axial oscillating component of X axis and Y is different.
Above content is to combine concrete preferred implementation to the further explain that the present invention did, and can not assert that practical implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field under the present invention, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.