CN101622765A - Voltage protection arrangement for an electronic device - Google Patents
Voltage protection arrangement for an electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101622765A CN101622765A CN200780048996A CN200780048996A CN101622765A CN 101622765 A CN101622765 A CN 101622765A CN 200780048996 A CN200780048996 A CN 200780048996A CN 200780048996 A CN200780048996 A CN 200780048996A CN 101622765 A CN101622765 A CN 101622765A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a voltage protection arrangement for an electronic device, in particular for a control system in automation engineering. The voltage protection arrangement has a greater functionality, and therefore also a greater range of applications, due to the fact that said arrangment has a switching-off unit (2) and a voltage detection unit (4) connected to the output (3) of the switching-off unit (2), wherein the switching-off unit (2) has a voltage comparator (7) and a normally electrically closed switch (10) connected to the output (8) of the voltage comparator (7), arranged between the input (9) and the output (3) of the switching-off unit (2), wherein the voltage detection unit (4) has a voltage comparator (12) and a switch output (14) connected to the output (13) of the voltage comparator (12) for signalling an impermissible voltage, and wherein, in the event of an impermissible voltage Ui occurring at the input (9) of the switching-off unit (2), the electrical switch (10) is opened and, in the event of a subsequent permissible voltage U2 occurring, the switch (10) is closed again.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage of electronic equipment protective device that is used for, for example be used for the voltage protection of automatic technology middle controller.
Controller in electronic equipment, the especially automatic technology needs specific dc voltage to supply with, and the value that this dc voltage is supplied with only allows to fluctuate within specific scope.If service voltage is outside predetermined voltage range, this will cause the mistake in the electronic equipment so, and for example controller is connected mistake or spurious report, perhaps even can cause damaging electronic equipment.The member that damages electronic equipment or electronic equipment can especially occur when having overvoltage.In addition, known by prior art, responsive and high-quality electronic equipment protects its overvoltage that avoids being harmful to damage by means of over-pressure safety device.
In addition, in the dc voltage scope that voltage protection is mainly used, in the middle of reality, use the overvoltage crowbar that comprises safeties (Sicherung) and Zener diode or suppress diode (Suppressordiode) up to now in the present invention.If have overvoltage on this type of overvoltage crowbar, these safeties that cause being configured to fuse usually disconnect, and the electronic equipment that protect is supplied with voltage thus and separated.Superpotential value when overvoltage crowbar works can be by selecting suitable Zener diode or suppressing diode and determine.
The principle shortcoming of this type of overvoltage crowbar is, the safeties of electronic equipment that are used to protect series connection under overpressure situation-as expected-be damaged, make that the described electronic equipment that will protect also separates with the voltage supply after eliminating overvoltage.Described electronic equipment just works after also promptly changing safeties after repairing overvoltage crowbar once more.
In the past few years, safe practice is significant in machine-building and facility manufacturing.Therefore, the voltage protection for controller has extra requirement with error protection with the relevant electronic equipment of other safety.Especially require machinery and facility under fault state, can be converted to safe condition, be subjected to danger to avoid people or environment.Usually wish that in addition when mistake occurring, for example overvoltage is not only turn-offed the electronic equipment that will protect, and reporting errors.
The purpose of invention is, is provided for the voltage of electronic equipment protective device, and in particular for the voltage protection of the controller in the automatic technology, it has stronger functional and have bigger range of application thus.
According to the present invention; this purpose is achieved as follows; be that previously described voltage protection has breaking units and the voltage identification unit that is connected with the output of breaking units; wherein breaking units has voltage comparator and is connected with the output of voltage comparator; be arranged between the input of breaking units and the output and closed under normal conditions electric switch; wherein the voltage identification unit has voltage comparator and is connected with the output of voltage comparator to be used to report the switch or the signal output part (Schalt-bzw.Signalausgang) of unallowed voltage, wherein has unallowed voltage U on the input of breaking units
1In time, opens electric switch and ought have the voltage U of permission subsequently
2The Shi Zaici Closing Switch.
Feature according to voltage protection of the present invention at first is; it has two-stage at least on function; breaking units and voltage identification unit; turn-off the described electronic equipment that will protect when wherein the task of breaking units mainly is to occur unallowed voltage; and the task of voltage identification unit mainly is; when unallowed voltage occurring, indicate the unallowed voltage of appearance by switch or signal output part.
The principal advantages of breaking units is, is not by safeties but realizes shutoff to the electronic equipment that will protect by electronic switch.This at first causes, Closing Switch once more after eliminating unallowed voltage, the feasible operating voltage that can supply with permission to the described electronic equipment that will protect once more.Thereby, when unallowed voltage occurring, do not need to interfere service (Serviceeingriff), because breaking units " voluntarily " is handled.In case the voltage comparator of breaking units determines on its input to exist once more the voltage that allows, then there is the voltage that allows thus equally once more in close switch once more on the electronic equipment that will protect.In addition, transistor, especially field-effect transistor or relay can be used as electronic switch.
Thus,, also have the voltage identification unit, thereby also can indicate the existence of unallowed voltage according to voltage protection of the present invention except breaking units.At this, by the switch or the signal output part of on the voltage identification unit, constructing, can be in identification security function activation during unallowed voltage.Equally also can be by another passage report when higher level's controller reporting or multichannel (mehrkanalig) structure of switch or signal output part to controller at the controller that will protect.
According to decision design of the present invention, the voltage identification unit additionally has test level, but the function of the voltage comparator by this test level test voltage recognition unit and the function of testing connected switch or signal output part.By test level, can apply voltage at the input end of voltage comparator, the value of this voltage is outside the scope that allows.If the voltage comparator of voltage identification unit and switch or signal output part are in errorless state, this causes the corresponding output signal on switch or signal output part so, and this signal can be determined by test level or independent recognition unit.In the preferred two passes or multichannel embodiment that will protect electronic equipment (for example controller), both caused by the CPU of second channel that test voltage on the voltage comparator also assessed the output signal on thus obtained switch or the signal output part.
At first implement as followsly, that is, voltage protection according to the present invention is configured to two-stage at least, also promptly have breaking units and voltage identification unit.According to preferred design, voltage protection additionally also has the Overvoltage protecting unit as thick protection, and it is connected with the input of breaking units, makes voltage protection be configured to three grades altogether.In addition, the structure Overvoltage protecting unit makes it begin just starting from overvoltage, and this overvoltage is obviously greater than the service voltage of the permission of the electronic equipment that will protect and also obvious overvoltage when opening greater than the electric switch of breaking units.This causes, and Overvoltage protecting unit-on request-inoperative can be by the less overvoltage of breaking units " processings " time on the one hand makes the electronic equipment of protecting breaking units and also will protecting on the other hand before corresponding big overvoltage is damaged.Generally speaking, can provide the voltage protection that in big voltage range, to use thus.
Overvoltage protecting unit can be simply by safeties and over-voltage protection element, especially suppresses diode or Zener diode is realized.By correspondingly selecting over-voltage protection element, can determine certain overvoltage, work from this overvoltage overvoltage protection unit, also can determine the voltage range that breaking units is worked within it.Those skilled in the art select described over-voltage protection element, make breaking units turn-off when less overvoltage occurring usually, and the protection of Overvoltage protecting unit are only worked when great overvoltage occurring.
According to other decision design of voltage protection of the present invention, the voltage comparator of structure breaking units makes it have hysteresis.So regulate (beschalten) voltage comparator, make voltage U when electric switch is opened
1Voltage U greater than switch when closed once more
2In the middle of reality, the adjustment of the comparator threshold of voltage comparator can be undertaken by the voltage divider of being realized by resistance simply, wherein construct voltage divider, make that the branch road of voltage divider is in parallel with resistance after connecting voltage comparator, change the comparator threshold of voltage divider thus.Thus, prevent circuit oscillation, make electronic switch can not continue open and close when overvoltage, this overvoltage is corresponding to first comparator threshold of voltage comparator.Voltage U when electronic switch is opened
1Voltage U with electronic switch when closed once more
2Between difference only reach several percentage points.
Utilization is by the known overvoltage crowbar of prior art (it comprises safeties and Zener diode); only can realize overvoltage protection, utilize according to voltage protection of the present invention and also can detect low-voltage and introduce relative measures the electronic equipment of series connection.For this reason, breaking units has two voltage comparators, and wherein first voltage comparator is provided with for definite low-voltage, and second voltage comparator is used to determining that overvoltage is provided with.The output of first voltage comparator is connected with the input of second voltage comparator and the output of second voltage comparator is connected with electric switch.Guarantee that thus only in the time will supplying to the voltage of electronic equipment that will protect in the scope that allows, electric switch is just also closed so this voltage is supplied to the described electronic equipment that will protect.Less than the comparator threshold of first voltage comparator or greater than the voltage of the comparator threshold of second voltage comparator time, turn-off the described electronic equipment that will protect by electronic switch.In addition, be achieved as follows by two voltage comparators misconnection (Verschaltung) each other: the voltage that second voltage comparator exists at the first voltage comparator place just is in state of activation during greater than the comparison value of the low-voltage by the comparator threshold setting.
The same with breaking units, the voltage identification unit also can have two voltage comparators, makes can to detect low-voltage and overvoltage and report by output switching terminal.In addition, the voltage identification unit with two voltage comparators also can be used for two different voltages are carried out relevant superpotential supervision.This is favourable when the described electronic equipment that will monitor has microprocessor, and wherein this microprocessor needs core voltage (core-spannung), and this core voltage is less than the effective supply voltage of the electronic equipment that uses processor, to handle its I/O function.In this case, two voltage comparators of voltage identification unit are not connected, but do not rely on structure each other.
Implement as followsly during beginning, breaking units and voltage identification unit have voltage comparator in voltage protection according to the present invention.Basically, there is following possibility, promptly can uses an identical voltage comparator for breaking units and voltage identification unit.Independence for the two-stage of sustaining voltage protective device preferably is set to, breaking units and voltage identification unit have respectively separately voltage comparator or independent voltage comparator, they also can utilize reference voltage separately respectively.The reference voltage of two-stage voltage comparator is preferably derived by the reference voltage diode respectively.
At length, the many possibilities that have design and improvement voltage protection according to the present invention.This can provide by the dependent claims of claim 1 with below in conjunction with the described preferred embodiment of accompanying drawing.Wherein
Fig. 1 shows the calcspar according to first embodiment of voltage protection of the present invention,
Fig. 2 shows the calcspar of second embodiment of the breaking units of the voltage protection according to the present invention, and
Fig. 3 shows the calcspar according to other embodiment of voltage protection of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the calcspar according to voltage protection 1 of the present invention, wherein this voltage protection 1 voltage identification unit 4 and Overvoltage protecting unit 18 of having breaking units 2, being connected with the output 3 of breaking units 2.Guarantee that by means of voltage protection 1 when service voltage was positioned within the border of permission, the service voltage VCC at input 5 places of the voltage protection 1 just electronic equipment that connects of output 6 places of voltage supplied protective device 1 used.
As coming into effect, except breaking units 2 and voltage identification unit 4, voltage protection 1 also has Overvoltage protecting unit 18, and its output 19 is connected with the input 9 of breaking units 2.Construct the input 5 of voltage protection 1 simultaneously as the input of the thick Overvoltage protecting unit of protecting 18.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, Overvoltage protecting unit 18 has safeties 20 and as the inhibition diode 21 of over-voltage protection element.If unidirectional inhibition diode or Zener diode are applied as over-voltage protection element, Overvoltage protecting unit 18 is simultaneously also as the reverse polarity protection of voltage protection 1 and thereby also as the reverse polarity protection of the described electronic equipment that will protect so.
The reference voltage at reference input 11 places of voltage comparator 7 is preferably derived by reference voltage diode 22.Correspondingly, reference voltage diode 23 is used to produce the reference voltage at reference input 17 places of voltage comparator 12.Yet the reference voltage diode not only had been applicable as the voltage comparator 7 of breaking units 2 basically but also had can be used for the voltage comparator 12 of voltage identification unit 4.
Major advantage according to voltage protection 1 of the present invention is, when having unallowed voltage, turn-offs the electronic equipment that will protect by electronic switch 10, as long as this voltage is always less than the starting voltage of Overvoltage protecting unit 18.Operate electronic switch 10 to guarantee that electric switch 10 is closed once more after eliminating unallowed voltage by voltage comparator 7, make described electronic equipment-mustn't for this reason interfere service-be positioned on the service voltage once more.In addition, not only can be by structure voltage identification unit 4 at run duration by switch or the signal output part 14 unallowed voltages of report but also can carry out functional test, because can under the situation that does not influence electronic switch 10, carry out functional test to voltage protection 1.
If voltage protection 1 according to the present invention is used for protecting the controller of automatic technology, when the service voltage of controller for example reached 3.4V (± 5%), individual unit or member can have following value so.For protecting this quasi-controller, Overvoltage protecting unit 18 has the inhibition diode 21 of 6.7V.Voltage U when voltage comparator 7 is opened switch 10
1Reach 3.835V, the mode that wherein connects voltage comparator 7 makes it in voltage U
2Closing Switch 10 once more just during less than 3.75V.By realizing this type of hysteresis, prevent circuit oscillation and thereby prevent that switch 10 from continuing open and close.
Obviously, voltage protection 1 according to the present invention also can be used for protecting other electronic equipment, and it has another service voltage.For example when the electronic equipment of automatic technology, service voltage can reach 24V.In this applicable cases, can for example so construct the Overvoltage protecting unit 18 that works as thick protection, make it just start during obviously greater than 30V at voltage, and the voltage U of breaking units 2
1Be approximately 30V.
Fig. 2 shows the alternative design of the breaking units 2 of voltage protection 1.The output 3-of breaking units 2 as according among the embodiment of Fig. 1-be connected with voltage identification unit 4.In addition, the input 9 of breaking units 2 also can be connected with the output 19 of Overvoltage protecting unit 18.With according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 different be, breaking units 2 shown in Fig. 2 have two voltage comparators 7,7 ', wherein 7 couples of service voltage VCC of first voltage comparator carry out the supervision of relevant low-voltage and 7 couples of service voltage VCC of second voltage comparator carry out relevant superpotential supervision.
By reference voltage diode 22 '-or the voltage divider of alternative application-the adjust comparison value of low-voltage, the superpotential comparison value of and second voltage divider by reference voltage diode 22-or alternative application-adjust.As service voltage VCC during greater than the comparison value of the low-voltage of being adjusted, second voltage divider of reference voltage diode 22 or alternative application just is in state of activation.At this, first voltage comparator 7 ' output 8 '-be connected with the reference input 11 of second voltage comparator 7 and the output 8 of second voltage comparator 7 is connected with electric switch 10 by reference voltage diode 22-.
Fig. 3 shows other design of voltage protection 1, and it only is the alternative design of voltage identification unit 4 with the difference according to the voltage protection 1 of Fig. 1.At this, voltage identification unit 4 have two voltage comparators 12,12 ', utilize these two comparators 12,12 to carry out relevant superpotential supervision to two different voltages.In addition, voltage comparator 12 ' output 13 ' identical with the output 13 of voltage comparator 12 also have the switch that is used to report unallowed voltage or signal output part 14 ', wherein two switches or signal output part 14,14 ' also can be connected to each other.
For test voltage comparator 12 ', this voltage comparator 12 ' also and test level 15 ' be connected, by this test level 15 ' voltage comparator 12 ' input 16 ' locate to apply overvoltage, this overvoltage greater than voltage comparator 12 ' the reference voltage of reference input 17 ' locate to exist.For voltage comparator 12 ' reference input 17 ' locate to produce reference voltage, be provided with reference voltage diode 23 '.
Obviously, can be in voltage protection shown in Figure 31, replace only having a voltage comparator 7 shown in breaking units 2, also can use according to Fig. 2 have two voltage comparators 7,7 ' breaking units 2.In addition; when the form of implementation of the two passes of the electronic equipment that will protect (for example controller); can both cause by the CPU of second channel voltage comparator 12,12 ' on test voltage also assess the switch of gained thus or signal output part 14,14 ' on output signal, make the test level that can cancel independent structure in this case.
Claims (12)
1. one kind is used for the voltage of electronic equipment protective device; the voltage protection that for example is used for the automatic technology middle controller; described voltage protection has breaking units (2) and the voltage identification unit (4) that is connected with the output (3) of described breaking units (2)
Wherein said breaking units (2) has voltage comparator (7) and is connected, is arranged between the input (9) of described breaking units (2) and the output (3) with the output (8) of described voltage comparator (7) and closed under normal conditions electric switch (10)
Wherein said voltage identification unit (4) has voltage comparator (12) and is connected with the output (13) of described voltage comparator (12) being used to report the switch or the signal output part (14) of unallowed voltage, and
Wherein locate to exist unallowed voltage U at the input (9) of described breaking units (2)
1The time, the voltage U of opening described electric switch (10) and allowing in existence subsequently
2The closed described switch (10) of Shi Zaici.
2. voltage protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described voltage identification unit (4) has test level (15), can test the function and thereby the function that can test connected switch or signal output part (14) of the described voltage comparator (12) of described voltage identification unit (4) by described test level (15).
3. voltage protection according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, is provided with the Overvoltage protecting unit (18) as thick protection, and the output (19) of described Overvoltage protecting unit (18) is connected with the described input (9) of described breaking units (2).
4. voltage protection according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described Overvoltage protecting unit (18) has safeties (20) and over-voltage protection element, especially has inhibition diode (21).
5. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the described voltage comparator (7) of described breaking units (2) has hysteresis, the described voltage U of wherein said electric switch (10) when opening
1Described voltage U greater than described switch (10) when closed once more
2
6. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 5; it is characterized in that; described breaking units (2) has two voltage comparators (7; 7 '); wherein said first voltage comparator (7 ') for determine first boundary voltage for example low-voltage be provided with, and described second voltage comparator (7) for determine second boundary voltage for example overvoltage be provided with.
7. voltage protection according to claim 6; it is characterized in that the described output (8 ') of described first voltage comparator (7 ') is connected with the input (11) of described second voltage comparator (7) and the described output (8) of described second voltage comparator (7) is connected with described electric switch (10).
8. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 7; it is characterized in that described voltage identification unit (4) has two voltage comparators (12,12 '); utilize described two voltage comparators (12,12 ') that two different voltages are carried out relevant superpotential supervision.
9. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that the described electric switch (10) of described voltage identification unit (4) is configured to transistor, especially is configured to field-effect transistor or is configured to relay.
10. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 9; it is characterized in that; the reference voltage of the reference voltage of the described voltage comparator (7) of described breaking units (2) and the described voltage comparator (12) of described voltage identification unit (4) is derived by reference voltage diode (22,23) respectively.
11. according to each described voltage protection in the claim 1 to 10; it is characterized in that; described voltage protection is embodied as two passes at least, and wherein said two passes has at least one breaking units (2) and at least one voltage identification unit (4) that is connected with the output (3) of described breaking units (2).
12. voltage protection according to claim 11; it is characterized in that, both caused by the CPU of a described passage that the test voltage on the voltage comparator (12) of other passage was also assessed the switch of thus obtained described other passage or the output signal on the signal output part (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510006786.2A CN104466919B (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2007-12-21 | Voltage protection for electronic equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006062554 | 2006-12-29 | ||
| DE102006062554.4 | 2006-12-29 | ||
| DE102007017858.3 | 2007-04-13 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510006786.2A Division CN104466919B (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2007-12-21 | Voltage protection for electronic equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101622765A true CN101622765A (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780048996A Pending CN101622765A (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2007-12-21 | Voltage protection arrangement for an electronic device |
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| CN (1) | CN101622765A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103186395A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Hardware version information identification system |
| CN103748525A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-04-23 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Base element for accommodating an overvoltage protection module, and modular bus system |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 CN CN200780048996A patent/CN101622765A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103748525A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-04-23 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | Base element for accommodating an overvoltage protection module, and modular bus system |
| CN103748525B (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2015-10-14 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | For holding primary element and the modular bus system of over-voltage protection module |
| CN103186395A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-03 | 北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司 | Hardware version information identification system |
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Application publication date: 20100106 |