CN101616193B

CN101616193B - Setting method of beacon host computer in IPv4 address transmultiplexer

Info

Publication number: CN101616193B
Application number: CN2009100893439A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李星; 包丛笑
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2009-07-16
Filing date: 2009-07-16
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-16
Also published as: CN101616193A

Abstract

The invention relates to a setting method of a beacon host computer in an IPv4 address transmultiplexer(TMUX), which belongs to the technical field of computer network communication. The method is characterized in that according to the characteristic of internet control message protocol ICMP that no port domain exits, when a plurality of host computers share a single IPv4 address, an beacon host computer appointed through an IPv4 address TMUX, and the ICMP protocol is processed through the beacon host computer. The method can be applied to the network management, maintenance and debugging of a plurality of computers for sharing a single IPv4 address.

Description

Beacon main frame method to set up in the IPv4 address multiplex transducer

Technical field

Beacon main frame method to set up belongs to the computer internet communication technical field in the IPv4 address multiplex transducer.

Background technology

The Internet has become the most important information infrastructure in the whole world, but the addressing range of the address of widely used the 4th edition procotol IPv4 in the Internet has only 2 at present ³², promptly 4,300,000,000 addresses according to the dispensing rate of present IPv4 address, estimate that the IPv4 address is about to assign after 2011.

The absolute number of present Chinese netizen population has become the first in the world, but the popularity rate of the Internet has only 22%, far below world's level of developed countries (70%).Simultaneously, on average each Chinese netizen only has 0.6 IPv4 address.Therefore, for China, the IPv4 address can't satisfy the demands.This problem all is very serious for other developing countries such as India.

Addressing the above problem has two kinds of technology paths at present basically, promptly adopts Next Generation Internet consensus standard (IPv6) and adopts address transition port mapping technology (NAPT).

The sixth version procotol IPv6 of Internet engineering group (IETF) design, its addressing of address scope has 2 ¹²⁸, can satisfy the demand of the Internet long-run development.But for various reasons, the IPv6 agreement is incompatible in the IPv4 agreement, can not interconnect.The method of IETF suggestion is to move IPv4 and IPv4 agreement simultaneously, promptly two stack methods.But the shortage of IPv4 address makes two stacks implement to take place difficulty.Simultaneously the construction cost of two stacks and operating cost are also greater than the cost of isolated operation IPv4 or the single stack of IPv6.

What industrial quarters was used in a large number at present is address transition port mapping technology (NAPT), its basic principle is based on the five-tuple notion of internet communication, and promptly " agreement, raw address, former port, destination address, destination interface " determines the process of a communication uniquely.The addressing range of port is 2 ¹⁶, promptly 65,536.Therefore, if the communication process of each computer has only 1, then compunication more than 60,000 can be supported simultaneously by the address transition port mapping in 1 IPv4 address theoretically.In NAPT, these mapping relations are safeguarded by conversion equipment.

Therefore, NAPT can solve recent IPv4 address problem of shortage, and IPv6 can fundamentally solve IPv4 address problem of shortage.In the transient process from NATPT to IPv6, utilizing the address port multiplex technique to make a plurality of computer equipments share same IPv4 address is feasible scheme.But,, therefore can bring the problem of the network operation, management and debugging because the important network control messaging protocol ICMP that uses in the network operation management does not have port numbers.

Basic principle of the present invention is to be, the characteristics that do not have the port territory according to the Internet control signaling protocol ICMP, when a plurality of computers in the network are shared single IPv4 address, specify the beacon main frame therein, and by beacon host process ICMP agreement, the method can be used for network management, maintenance and the debugging that a plurality of computers are shared single IPv4 address.

Summary of the invention

Control the characteristics that signaling protocol ICMP does not have the port territory according to the Internet, when a plurality of computers are shared single IPv4 address, divide into groups by steps of processing ICMP:

Step (1): initialization

For each IPv4 address, the multiplexing ratio of definition IPv4 address multiplex transducer, selected multiplexing ratio be an IPv4 simultaneously for the number of computers of a plurality of computers uses, stipulate simultaneously each computer the range of port number that can use;

Certain main frame of definition share I Pv4 address network is the beacon host A in IPv4 address multiplex transducer, and indicate this beacon host A the range of port number that can use;

IPv4 address multiplex transducer uses the method in tunnel or the method for address transition/protocol conversion to realize sharing of IPv4 address in the network of share I Pv4 address between the network of the network of share I Pv4 address not and share I Pv4 address;

Step (2): described IPv4 address multiplex transducer is changed the grouping that is grouped into share I Pv4 address network of share I Pv4 address network never successively according to the following steps

Step (2.1): whether the IPv4 address of checking grouping is the address realm that needs conversion, and in this way, execution in step (2.2) as not being, then abandons this grouping, returns execution in step (2.1);

Step (2.2): check that whether grouping is ICMP grouping or other not groupings of band edge slogan sign indicating number, in this way, sends this grouping to the beacon host A, as not being execution in step (2.3);

Step (2.3): according to the scope of port, the port range that utilizes each computer of step (1) defined to use sends this grouping to this computer; Return execution in step (2.1);

Step (3): described IPv4 address multiplex transducer is changed the not grouping of share I Pv4 address network that is grouped into from share I Pv4 address network successively according to the following steps:

Step (3.1): whether the IPv4 address of checking grouping is the address realm that needs conversion, and in this way, execution in step (3.2) as not being, then abandons this grouping, returns execution in step (3.1);

Step (3.2): whether the port of checking grouping meets the port range that each computer of step (1) defined can use, and in this way, execution in step (3.3) as not being, then abandons this grouping, returns execution in step (3.1);

Step (3.3): grouping is sent to the not network of share I Pv4 address, returns execution in step (3.1).

When described IPv4 address multiplex transducer is received from grouping that the computer of share I Pv4 address network transmits, and when IPv4 address multiplex transducer need produce the ICMP grouping, the ICMP grouping that produces will return to this computer, rather than send the beacon main frame to; When described IPv4 address multiplex transducer is received the grouping that the computer of share I Pv4 address network never transmits, and when IPv4 address multiplex transducer need produce the ICMP grouping, handle by the RFC standard;

The present invention can be used for network management, maintenance and the debugging that a plurality of computers are shared single IPv4 address.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the beacon main frame method to set up workflow of IPv4 address and multiplexed port;

Fig. 2:; The access way of beacon main frame.

Embodiment

The access way of beacon main frame of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.When computer 1 when computer N shares same IPv4 address (58.200.192.10), each computer can only use the part of 65,536 ports, can only use R as computer 1 ₁(port 0 to 1023), computer 2 can only use R ₂(port one 024 to 2047) etc.Never the network of share I Pv4 address is sent here be grouped in the IPv4 address multiplex transducer will be according to the rules the port service regeulations, utilize tunnel or address transition to get method the corresponding calculated machine delivered in grouping.When ICMP divides into groups that never the network of share I Pv4 address is sent here, because ICMP not to deserved port numbers, therefore can't deliver to specific computer.

But ICMP is extremely important again for the network operation, network management and network debugging.Just be to use the ICMP agreement as ping instrument commonly used.Therefore, we select 1 typical case in the computer of sharing same IPv4 address, main frame constitutes the beacon main frame reliably, and we can select computer 2 as the beacon main frame in for example above-mentioned example, carry out corresponding configuration in IPv4 address multiplex transducer.

Send to the computer 58.200.192.10 of share I Pv4 address like this from non-share I Pv4 address computation machine, and port range refers to that 1,024 2047 non-ICMP divides into groups to deliver to computer 2, though ICMP grouping does not simultaneously have port numbers, but according to the regulation in the IPv4 address multiplex transducer in this example, the ICMP grouping also will be delivered to this beacon main frame and handle.To deliver to beacon main frame (being computer 2) such as the ICMP grouping of non-share I Pv4 address of host ping58.200.192.10 and handle, its ICMP that returns grouping can be used as for the accessibility of all computers of sharing the 58.200.192.10 address network and the reference of network performance.

Therefore the present invention can solve operation, management and the error issues of the network of share I Pv4 address.

Claims

1.IPv4 beacon main frame method to set up is characterized in that in the address multiplex transducer, according to the characteristics that the Internet control signaling protocol ICMP does not have the port territory, when a plurality of computers are shared single IPv4 address, divides into groups by steps of processing ICMP:

Step (1): initialization:

For each IPv4 address, the multiplexing ratio of definition IPv4 address multiplex transducer, selected multiplexing ratio be an IPv4 address simultaneously for the number of computers of a plurality of computers uses, stipulate simultaneously each computer the range of port number that can use;

Step (2): described IPv4 address multiplex transducer is changed the grouping that is grouped into share I Pv4 address network of share I Pv4 address network never successively according to the following steps:

Step (2.2): check that whether grouping is ICMP grouping or other not groupings of band edge slogan, in this way, sends this grouping to the beacon host A, as not being execution in step (2.3);

Step (2.3): according to range of port number, the range of port number that utilizes each computer of step (1) defined to use sends this grouping to this computer; Return execution in step (2.1);

Step (3.2): whether the port numbers of checking grouping meets the range of port number that each computer of step (1) defined can use, and in this way, execution in step (3.3) as not being, then abandons this grouping, returns execution in step (3.1);