CN101614910A - Liquid crystal indicator - Google Patents

Liquid crystal indicator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101614910A
CN101614910A CN200810184678A CN200810184678A CN101614910A CN 101614910 A CN101614910 A CN 101614910A CN 200810184678 A CN200810184678 A CN 200810184678A CN 200810184678 A CN200810184678 A CN 200810184678A CN 101614910 A CN101614910 A CN 101614910A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
prism
prism pattern
crystal indicator
apex
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Granted
Application number
CN200810184678A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101614910B (en
Inventor
金炳九
朴栽贤
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LG Display Co Ltd
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LG Display Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020080064242A external-priority patent/KR101260840B1/en
Application filed by LG Display Co Ltd filed Critical LG Display Co Ltd
Publication of CN101614910A publication Critical patent/CN101614910A/en
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Publication of CN101614910B publication Critical patent/CN101614910B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of liquid crystal indicator.Optical plate and the liquid crystal indicator that breaks and improve concentration efficiency between the prismatic lens of its upside of can preventing of the present invention comprises: liquid crystal panel, and it is configured to present image; Lamp, it is positioned under this liquid crystal panel, provides light to this liquid crystal panel; Optical plate, the side at it is provided with this lamp at least; And birefringence optics sheet, it is between this liquid crystal panel and this optical plate, and first prism pattern with first refractive index is arranged and have second refractive index, second prism pattern, this first prism pattern is towards this liquid crystal panel, this second prism pattern is towards this optical plate, and this second refractive index is higher than this first refractive index.

Description

Liquid crystal indicator
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid crystal display (LCD) device, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of like this LCD device, comprise first apex of prism and be formed between first apex of prism and have the birefringence optics sheet of second apex of prism of the refractive index that is higher than this first apex of prism that by employing it can prevent to occur breaking and improving concentration efficiency at optical plate and between the prismatic lens on this optical plate with low-refraction.
Background technology
The application relates to right of priority Korean application No.10-2008-0061097 that submits on June 26th, 2008 and the theme that comprises in the right of priority Korean application No.10-2008-0064242 that submitted on July 3rd, 2008, incorporate the full content of these two right of priority Korean application in the mode of quoting as proof at this.
In general, liquid crystal display (LCD) device is representational flat display apparatus, and it is by coming display image according to picture signal control transmittance.Yet LCD device self can not be luminous.Therefore, for display image visually, need be from the luminous arbitrary source in the back of Liquid Crystal Module.
Like this, for with light from the back illumination of Liquid Crystal Module (LCM) to the liquid crystal panel of the front that is positioned at this Liquid Crystal Module, light source (that is lamp), be used to drive the power circuit of this light source and realize that each required parts of uniform planar light are known as " back light unit ".According to luminous method, these back light units can be categorized into two types, i.e. direct-type backlight unit and side-light type back light unit.Current, to adopting straight-down negative and side-light type back light unit to carry out various researchs such as the area source of light emitting diode (LED) etc.
At first, the side-light type back light unit is configured so that light source places the side of LCD module, and from the light of light source via optical plate complanation light.The shortcoming of this side-light type back light unit is: for example, be difficult to avoid the decline of overall brightness.So, in order to obtain uniform brightness, need a kind of more effectively light guide system, promptly be used for light is guided to system relatively at a distance from light source always.In addition, need to utilize the optical technology of reinforcement so that the minimum optical losses light is sent to remote relatively process from light source always.
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map according to the back light unit of correlation technique, Fig. 2 A illustrates transmission to cross the curve map that the outgoing of the outgoing distribution of light of prismatic light guide plate and the light that diffusion disk is crossed in transmission distributes, and Fig. 2 B illustrates transmission to cross the isogram that the outgoing of the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes.
As shown in Figure 1, back light unit according to correlation technique comprises cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 and lampshade 26 and prismatic light guide plate 20, this cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 and lampshade 26 are positioned at a side of this back light unit, and side of prismatic light guide plate 20 and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 are adjacent and put.In addition, reflecting plate 21 is positioned under the prismatic light guide plate 20, and is inverted prismatic lens 22 and screening glass 23 stacks gradually on prismatic light guide plate 20.
Now, will the function of prismatic light guide plate 20 and each sheet be described.
Side of prismatic light guide plate 20 and cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 adjacent settings will be transmitted into its upper surface from the light of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 incidents thus.To be transmitted into its upper surface equably in order making, to be configured to make it along with attenuation on prismatic light guide plate 20 away from cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 from the light of the side incident that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 25 is set of prismatic light guide plate 20.
Reflecting plate 21 is positioned under the prismatic light guide plate 20, thereby prevents that light from spilling from the lower surface of prismatic light guide plate 20, and simultaneously with the upper surface reflection of light to prismatic light guide plate 20.
Therefore, shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, the emergent light that prismatic light guide plate 20 is crossed in transmission mainly is distributed in respect between the scope of 40 ° of bottom surfaces and 80 ° (about 76 °), and the emergent light with maximum brightness has about 80 ° emergence angle.
Yet, in the LCD of correlation technique device, when the external impact that applies such as shock-testing etc., between the prism pattern of the lower surface that is formed at prismatic light guide plate 20 and reflecting plate 21, rub, more properly say, in this prism pattern and be attached between the lower cover (not shown) on the reflecting plate 21 and clash into.Therefore, the prism pattern of prismatic light guide plate 20 can be broken or pattern can be crumbled.Perhaps, between the prism pattern of prismatic light guide plate 20 that forms by rigid material and the inversion prismatic lens 22 that forms by flexible material, rub, cause being inverted the breaking or crumble of prism pattern of prismatic lens 22 thus.
Therefore, problem of the LCD device of correlation technique existence is so-called hickie phenomenon (whitespot phenomenon): certain zone is than brighter or darker around its.
Although do not show in detail in the accompanying drawings, typical prismatic lens (not shown) can be arranged on the upper surface of prismatic light guide plate 20 so that apex of prism (prism mountains) is outstanding towards liquid crystal panel.Even in this case, shown in Fig. 2 c, in order on prismatic lens, to reflect incident light in vertical direction, need be incident on the first smooth L1 on the prism facets with about 24 ° to 32 ° angle according to the Snell law.
Yet for prismatic light guide plate 20, most of light have 40 ° angle, and the 4th smooth L4 of incident does not reflect on prismatic lens and becomes the 5th smooth L5 in 24 ° to 32 °.Then, the 5th smooth L5 laterally advances from the prismatic lens outgoing, becomes the 6th smooth L6 thus, and this is called " secondary lobe phenomenon (side lobe phenomenon) ", shown in the part A of Fig. 2 c.This phenomenon causes luminescence efficiency to descend tempestuously.So the scope for the main emergent light that changes prismatic light guide plate 20 also is provided with the diffusion disk (not shown) between prismatic light guide plate 20 and prismatic lens.
When being above purpose when utilizing diffusion disk, it is that 40 ° to 80 ° scope from shown in Fig. 2 a changes to 10 ° to 45 ° scope that the main outgoing that sees through the light of prismatic light guide plate 20 is distributed in.Therefore, the 24 ° of first smooth L1 to 32 ° of angles that have via prismatic light guide plate 20 and diffusion disk outgoing become and in the prismatic lens have 15 ° of second smooth L2 to 20 ° of angles with perpendicular line prismatic lens.Thereby vertically reflect from the second smooth L2 ingress of air of prismatic lens outgoing, become the 3rd smooth L3 thus.Therefore, prismatic lens increases with respect to the vertical luminance of the upper surface of prismatic light guide plate 20.
Yet, still stand secondary lobe phenomenon shown in the part A of Fig. 2 c via the emergent light of in 24 ° to 32 ° scopes, dispersing of prismatic light guide plate 22 outgoing.That is to say, do not utilize the main emergent light of prismatic light guide plate 20, low concentration efficiency still is difficult to solve.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to prevent occur breaking and improving concentration efficiency at optical plate and between the prismatic lens on this optical plate.
In order to realize these and other advantage and,, provide a kind of liquid crystal indicator herein that it comprises: liquid crystal panel is configured to present image as specifically implementing and on wide significance, describing according to purpose of the present invention; Lamp is positioned under this liquid crystal panel, is used for providing light to this liquid crystal panel; Optical plate has described lamp in the one side at least; And birefringence optics sheet, between this liquid crystal panel and this optical plate, and have first prism pattern of first refractive index and second prism pattern of second refractive index, this first prism pattern is towards this liquid crystal panel, this second prism pattern is towards this optical plate, and this second refractive index is higher than this first refractive index.
This optical plate has in the prism pattern that is formed on its upper surface on the direction of this liquid crystal panel, and wherein, the prism pattern of this optical plate is at least a in apex of prism, form of lens and the pyramid form.Perhaps, the prism pattern of this optical plate is at least a in dimpled grain and the burr.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings, it is clearer that above and other objects of the present invention, feature, aspect and advantage will become.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing helps to understand better the present invention, and constitutes the application's a part, and accompanying drawing has shown embodiments of the invention, and explains principle of the present invention with instructions.
In these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map according to the back light unit of correlation technique;
Fig. 2 A illustrates transmission to cross the curve map that the outgoing of the outgoing distribution of light of prismatic light guide plate and the light that diffusion disk is crossed in transmission distributes;
Fig. 2 B illustrates transmission to cross the isogram that the outgoing of the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes;
Fig. 2 C is the amplification sectional view that has an apex of prism of the prismatic lens under the situation of the prismatic lens of the apex of prism of liquid crystal panel in employing;
Fig. 3 A is the sectional view of liquid crystal indicator, and it shows the liquid crystal indicator that has plate optical plate according to of the present invention;
Fig. 3 B illustrates the figure that the birefringence optics sheet that how to pass through Fig. 3 A is concentrated light;
Fig. 3 C is shown specifically the figure that the birefringence optics sheet that how to pass through Fig. 3 B is concentrated light;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of liquid crystal indicator, and it shows the liquid crystal indicator that has the wedge type optical plate according to of the present invention;
Fig. 5 A illustrates transmission to cross the curve map that the outgoing of the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes;
Fig. 5 B illustrates transmission to cross the isogram that the outgoing of the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes;
Fig. 5 C illustrates transmission to cross the isogram that the outgoing of the light of birefringence optics sheet distributes; And
Fig. 6 to Figure 10 B is the figure that illustrates according to the different modification of birefringence optics sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Now, will contrast accompanying drawing and describe structure of the present invention in detail.
Fig. 3 A is the sectional view of liquid crystal indicator, and it shows the liquid crystal indicator that has plate optical plate according to of the present invention.Can comprise liquid crystal panel 131 according to liquid crystal display of the present invention (LCD) device, back light unit 121-126 and birefringence optics sheet 123, this liquid crystal panel 131 is configured to present image according to external signal, back light unit 121-126 is arranged under the liquid crystal panel 131 with emission light, birefringence optics sheet 123 is between liquid crystal panel 131 and back light unit and be provided with the first apex of prism 123b and the second apex of prism 123c, this first apex of prism 123b is formed on the plate prismatic light guide plate 122 and has pattern towards liquid crystal panel, this second apex of prism 123c respectively is formed between the first apex of prism 123b, promptly the paddy along the first apex of prism 123b forms, and its refractive index is higher than the refractive index of the first apex of prism 123b.
At first, the reflecting plate 121 that is formed by iron or electrolytic zinc-coated steel sheet (EGI) is combined on the lower cover 110.Can utilize the film of white polyester film or metallizing (for example, Ag, Al etc.) to realize reflecting plate 121.Reflecting plate 121 has the visible reflectance of about 90-97%, and this reflectivity rises when using thicker coat film.
In addition, lamp unit 125 and 126 is positioned at the both sides of the lower cover 110 that is combined with reflecting plate 121.Here, lamp unit 125 and 126 can comprise by receiving external voltage and comes alight 125 and guard lamp 125 not to be subjected to the lampshade 126 of external impact.Here, lamp 125 can be one of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (CCFL), external electrode fluorescence lamp (EEFL) and hot-cathode fluorescent lamp (HCFL).
The prismatic light guide plate 122 that is positioned at lamp unit 125 and 126 1 sides is layered on the reflecting plate 121 that is positioned on the lower cover 110.Here, prismatic light guide plate 122 is configured to have homogeneous thickness.Although in Fig. 3 A, do not show in detail in fact, but apex of prism 122a is formed on the prismatic light guide plate 122 by this way, promptly make the bearing of trend of apex of prism 122a perpendicular to the bearing of trend of the lamp 125 that on major axes orientation, is provided with, to concentrate light.
Here, preferably, the apex of prism 122a of prismatic light guide plate 122 is configured so that to constitute along the apex of prism of the ridge of the direction of propagation of light is formed on the prismatic light guide plate 122.Alternatively, they can be configured to arrange equably or disposed randomly with lens shape or pyramidal shape.These prism pattern can realize with recessed-convex formula, and can be positioned at major axes orientation on the parallel direction of lamp 125 on arrange.Yet the present invention can be not limited to these structures.
As mentioned above, prismatic light guide plate 122 is formed by the polymeric material such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or cyclic olefin polymer (COP).In order to make the light that sends from the lamp 125 of the side surface that is positioned at prismatic light guide plate 122 be incident on the liquid crystal panel 131, be directed via prismatic light guide plate 122 so that it is reflected on the reflecting plate 121 that is positioned under the prismatic light guide plate 122 from the light of lamp 125.Here, this light is launched in one direction, makes that the main emission peak intensity about the uper side surface of prismatic light guide plate 122 is approximately 76 °.
In addition, among other polymeric material, the light in 122 pairs of visible regions of prismatic light guide plate provides minimum absorbability, and therefore provides very high transparency and high glaze.In addition, it can not break or be out of shape owing to high physical strength.In addition, prismatic light guide plate 122 in light weight, and have strong chemical stability.In addition, prismatic light guide plate 122 provides this high visible transmittance and the low internal losses of 90-91%.Prismatic light guide plate 122 also has strong mechanical features, such as tensile strength, flexural strength, extension strength or the like.
Although do not show in detail in the accompanying drawings, a plurality of etched patterns that are used for block light leakage can be configured in the lower surface of prismatic light guide plate 122.
The LCD device exemplarily is described as being provided with prismatic light guide plate 122 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, and prismatic light guide plate 122 has the apex of prism 122a that is formed on its upper surface; Yet the present invention can be not limited thereto.Not breaking away under the situation of the present invention design, can realize multiple variation, the optical plate of the typical types with apex of prism etc. for example is provided.
With reference to Fig. 3, prismatic light guide plate 122 comprises the birefringence optics sheet 123 on it.Birefringence optics sheet 123 comprises the first apex of prism 123b and the second apex of prism 123c, the bearing of trend of this first apex of prism 123b is orthogonal to the bearing of trend of the apex of prism 122a that is configured on the prismatic light guide plate 122 and constitutes upwards pattern, and each of this second apex of prism 123c is formed between two the first apex of prism 123b and constitutes downward pattern.
This birefringence optics sheet 123 makes and the outgoing on perpendicular to the direction of prismatic light guide plate 122 bottom surfaces of the light that becomes 76 ° of outgoing with respect to the uper side surface of prismatic light guide plate 122 via prismatic light guide plate 122 arrives liquid crystal panel 131 thus.
For example, as shown in Figure 3A, birefringence optics sheet 123 according to the present invention comprises the first apex of prism 123b and the second apex of prism 123c, this first apex of prism 123b forms the bearing of trend quadrature of apex of prism 122a with the prismatic light guide plate 122 that constitutes substrate, this first apex of prism 123b has low refractive index, and form each second apex of prism 123c by the acryl resin (acryl resin) (that is ultraviolet curable resin) of inserting high index of refraction in the paddy between two first apex of prism 123b.Preferably, on the second apex of prism 123c, form basilar memebrane 123d.Therefore, the upper and lower surface of birefringence optics sheet 123 can be configured to the plane.
Two basilar memebrane 123a and 123d and the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c can be basically form by the tygon that is suitable for forming pattern (PET) and as the acryl resin of ultraviolet curable resin respectively.
Two basilar memebrane 123a and 123d can be formed by the synthetic resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polyethylene Naphthalate, acryl resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyolefin, cellulose ethanoate, waterproof vinyl chloride or the like.Preferably, these two basilar memebrane 123a and 123d are hyaline membranes, because the emergent light that they should optical prism optical plate 122.
The thickness of these two basilar memebrane 123a and 123d respectively is one of 100 μ m, 125 μ m, 188 μ m and 250 μ m.The ultraviolet curable resin that is used to form pattern is deposited on down on the basilar memebrane 123a, is molded into the first apex of prism 123b then thereon and utilizes ultraviolet ray to harden.Next, insert ultraviolet curable resin in the paddy between the first apex of prism 123b, then it is hardened to form the second apex of prism 123c.Last basilar memebrane 123d is superimposed upon on the second apex of prism 123c.
As mentioned above, in the present invention, lower and upper basilar memebrane 123a and 123d are formed by the material with coefficient of thermal expansion consistent with the average of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c.Can calculate this evenly heat expansivity by considering the first and second apex of prism 123b and the volume of 123c, the interval between the ridge etc.For the distortion that prevents to cause owing to different coefficient of thermal expansions, preferably, second borderline phase between first border between the following basilar memebrane 123a and the first apex of prism 123b and last basilar memebrane 123d and the second apex of prism 123c together.
As a method of the distortion that is used to prevent lower and upper basilar memebrane 123a and 123d, they can by the evenly heat expansivity with by the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c being asked the evenly heat expansivity identical materials that is on average obtained form.Lower and upper basilar memebrane 123a and 123d can be used to support first and second apex of prism 123b and the 123c, prevent that thus they are wrinkling and crooked.Be thicker than under the situation of the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c at lower and upper basilar memebrane 123a and 123d, can prevent because the bending that thermal expansion caused of the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c.
As mentioned above, why be called birefringence optics sheet 123, this is because it is provided with first apex of prism 123b with low-refraction and the second apex of prism 123c with the refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 123b.If being used to indicate the benchmark of the difference between low-refraction and the high index of refraction is 1.51, then high index of refraction can low-refraction can be less than 1.51 greater than 1.51.So optical signature can depend on what benchmark is the difference between them specified.
By adding different adjuvants to acryl resin, the first apex of prism 123b is configured to have first refractive index, the second apex of prism 123c is configured to have second refractive index.Here, first refractive index can be in 1.3 to 1.9 scope, and second refractive index is in 1.4 to 2.0 scope.Preferably, first refractive index is in 1.3 to 1.49 scope, and second refractive index is in 1.5 to 1.7 scope.
Here, the difference between first and second refractive indexes is 0.1 or bigger, and preferably, in 0.1 to 0.2 scope.
Explain the feature of the light that the interface between the first and second apex of prism 123b and 123c reflects briefly, the part of this light can be reflected, and the remainder of light can be refracted at the interface.Here, when utilizing the Snell law, should satisfy the condition of n1sin θ 1=n2sin θ 2.Here, n1 represents low-refraction, and n2 represents high index of refraction.Thus, in order to satisfy this condition, θ 2 should be less than θ 1.Therefore, by this way, light can be perpendicular to liquid crystal panel 131 outgoing.
This optical signature this means corresponding to the special characteristic of the SPECIAL MATERIAL with low or high index of refraction: this refractive index can be according to employed type of material and the type of material that mixes and difference.Therefore, the present invention shows acryl type UV cured resin typically.Shown in correlation technique, for example, it is 54 ° or 58 ° based on the interior angle of each apex of prism.Yet in the present invention, this optical signature can change according to interior angle that how to design the first apex of prism 123b and the described material with low or high index of refraction.
In addition, similar to prismatic light guide plate 122, birefringence optics sheet 123 of the present invention can preferably be implemented as and make that the layout apex of prism is to form ridge on the direction vertical with the direction of propagation of light.Alternatively, it can be formed with constant layout by a kind of among form of lens, pyramid form, the polygon form etc., perhaps forms at random.This prism pattern can be configured to recessed or protruding form, and is arranged on and is positioned on the direction of lamp 125 levels on the major axes orientation.Therefore, this structure can be not limited to upper type.
Be used for that the secondary optical sheet 124 that the optical signature of the light of birefringence optics sheet 123 replenishes is crossed in transmission and be layered in birefringence optics sheet 123.Here, secondary optical sheet 124 can be, for example, has the diffusion disk that is used for the diffusing pattern that the heterogeneity to light remedies or is used to protect birefringence optics sheet 123 to avoid the screening glass of external impact and scraping.
In addition, will adopt synthetic resin or SUS steel to be connected to the upside of secondary optical sheet 124 with the main supporter (not shown) of the form molding of rectangular frame.
Liquid crystal panel 131 is layered on main the support.Liquid crystal panel 131 comprises thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) array base palte, have the color filter substrate of red (R), green (G) and blue color filter and be clipped in liquid crystal layer between these two substrates, and these two substrates face with each other and carry out combination to keep uniform cell gap.In addition, last polarizer 131a and following polarizer 131b lay respectively at the upside and the downside of liquid crystal panel 131.
Loam cake 140 covers four fringe regions of liquid crystal panel 131, and assembles/be connected to main supporter or lower cover 110.
Fig. 3 B illustrates the figure that the birefringence optics sheet that how to pass through Fig. 3 A is concentrated light.
Shown in Fig. 3 B, suppose that birefringence optics sheet 123 of the present invention comprises the first apex of prism 123b with refractive index n 3 of 1.5 and has the second apex of prism 123c of 1.51 refractive index n 4, and the interior angle of the first apex of prism 123b is 54 ° and 58 °.
Here, thereby incided on the following basilar memebrane 123a of birefringence optics sheet 123 by outgoing via air layer, form certain incident angle θ 1 thus with refractive index n 1 of 1 based on the light that is layered in the apex of prism 122a outgoing on the prismatic light guide plate 122.This light also has emergence angle θ 2, and θ 2 has the basis light path of incident angle θ 1 change at basilar memebrane 123a place down.Here, because the refractive index n 2 of following basilar memebrane 123a is higher than the refractive index n 1 of air, in order to satisfy the Snell law, emergence angle θ 2 should be less than incident angle θ 1.
If be formed on down the first apex of prism 123b on the basilar memebrane 123a by forming with following basilar memebrane 123a identical materials, then refractive index n 2 and n3 are mutually the same, this means: the incident angle and the emergence angle that see through the light of basilar memebrane 123a are equal to each other.
In addition, light is at the first apex of prism 123b with low-refraction n3 and have being refracted at the interface between the second apex of prism 123c of high index of refraction n4 of the refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 123b.For example, be 1.51 if the refractive index n 3 of the first apex of prism 123b is refractive index ns 4 of the 1.5 and second apex of prism 123c, then the emergence angle θ 4 with respect to this interface should satisfy the Snell law.Therefore, if incident angle θ 3 is 27 °, then emergence angle θ 4 is less than incident angle θ 3.
Like this, the light after this refraction incides on the interface between the second apex of prism 123c and the first apex of prism 123b with certain incident angle θ 5.This incident light is reflected with the reflection angle θ 6 of the incident angle θ 5 that equals to be incident on the light on the interface then, is concentrated on the direction vertical with liquid crystal panel 131 thus.
Here, if the second apex of prism 123c is by forming with the last basilar memebrane 123d identical materials that is layered on the second apex of prism 123c, the refractive index n 5 of then going up basilar memebrane 123d is identical with the refractive index n 4 of the second apex of prism 123c.Therefore, incident angle can be identical with emergence angle.Thus, the light with a certain size refraction angle θ 6 is reflected on the interface between the first apex of prism 123b and the second apex of prism 123c, thereby is concentrated on the direction vertical with liquid crystal panel 131.
In the LCD device of according to a preferred embodiment of the invention above-mentioned principle, this principle is carried out more detailed description now with reference to Fig. 3 C with concentrated light.
Shown in Fig. 3 C, birefringence optics sheet 123 is configured to make win first refractive index of apex of prism 123b to be lower than second refractive index of the second apex of prism 123c.Therefore, the refraction of the emergent light of prismatic light guide plate 122 surpasses three times, is provided to LCD 131 thus.The drift angle c that each ridge of the first apex of prism 123b comprises the first inclination angle a, the second inclination angle b, determined by the first inclination angle a and the second inclination angle b, first second face 142 that inclines that inclines face 141 and extend that extends from the first inclination angle a from the second inclination angle b.The first and second inclination angle a and b are formed in 60 ° to 89 ° the scope, and form symmetry or asymmetric.Suppose that the first apex of prism 123b has 1.48 first refractive index, the second apex of prism 123c has 1.61 second refractive index, and the first inclination angle a is 69 °, and the second inclination angle b is 67 °, will be discussed in more detail below light path.
The first smooth L1 with first incident angle θ i1 from prismatic light guide plate 122 is refracted the second smooth L2 that becomes to have less than the first refraction angle θ r1 of the first incident angle θ i1.At second contact surface 142, promptly being refracted at the interface between the first and second apex of prism 123b and the 123c becomes to have the 3rd smooth L3 less than the second refraction angle θ r2 of the second incident angle θ i2 with the second smooth L2 of the second incident angle θ i2 incident.At first face 141 that inclines, promptly being refracted at the interface between the second and first apex of prism 123c and the 123b becomes to have the 4th smooth L4 of the 3rd reflection angle θ r3 with the 3rd smooth L3 of the 3rd incident angle θ i3 incident.Thus, the 4th smooth L4 advances to the downside of LCD 131 in vertical direction.
Become 72 ° angle, peak (peak angle) from the first incident angle θ i1 of prismatic light guide plate 122 outgoing based on the extended line that the downside perpendicular to the first apex of prism 123b extends.According to the Snell law, the first refraction angle θ r1 becomes 40 ° based on this vertical extended line.The second incident angle θ i2 becomes 27 ° based on second normal that inclines face 142.The second refraction angle θ r2 becomes 24 ° based on second normal that inclines face 142.The 3rd incident angle θ i3 becomes 68 ° based on first normal that inclines face 141.Third reflect angle θ r3 becomes 68 ° based on first normal that inclines face 141.The 4th smooth L4 is vertically reflected by total reflection.
The first and second oblique angle a of the first apex of prism 123b and b can adjust the illumination angle of the 4th smooth L4 that shines to liquid crystal panel 131 according to the inclination angle of the first smooth L1.The Snell law is n2/n1=sin θ 2/sin θ 1, and wherein, n1 represents first refractive index of the first apex of prism 123b, and n2 represents second refractive index of the second apex of prism 123c.According to the Snell law as can be seen, when light when the medium with low-refraction enters the medium with high index of refraction, can reduce scattering of light, thus light is concentrated.In order to overcome the restriction according to the refraction of correlation technique, LCD device of the present invention can utilize total reflection principle that the emergent light that sees through prismatic light guide plate 122 is concentrated, shown in Fig. 3 C.In order to obtain vertical light by total reflection, utilize most light, thereby obtain high concentration efficiency via 122 outgoing of prismatic light guide plate.
Fig. 4 is the figure according to LCD device of the present invention, and it shows the LCD device with wedge type prismatic light guide plate.
As shown in Figure 4, LCD device according to the present invention can comprise the liquid crystal panel 231 that is used for realizing according to external signal image, be arranged under the liquid crystal panel 231 with backlight unit radiating light 221,222,223 and 225, and between liquid crystal panel 231 and back light unit and be provided with the birefringence optics sheet 223 of the first apex of prism 223b and the second apex of prism 223c, the first apex of prism 223b is formed on the wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 and has pattern towards liquid crystal panel, between each comfortable first apex of prism 223b of the second apex of prism 223c, promptly form and have a refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 223b along the paddy of the first apex of prism 223b.
Here, different with the LCD device with plate prismatic light guide plate 122 shown in Figure 3, the LCD device with wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 shown in Figure 4 comprises the lampshade (not shown), and this lampshade is positioned at a side of the downside of liquid crystal panel 231, to hold the lamp unit, promptly lamp 225.Here, can constitute this lampshade by extending reflecting plate 221.In addition, be configured to these wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 characteristics: have different thickness towards a side surface that is arranged in the lamp 225 on the major axes orientation with opposite side surface at it at it.
Here, similar to plate prismatic light guide plate 122, wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 has stacked apex of prism 222a thereon.Apex of prism 222a is configured to promptly be on the optical propagation direction perpendicular to the bearing of trend that is arranged in the lamp 225 on the major axes orientation.
Therefore, be directed into wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222, on reflecting plate 221, be reflected from the light of lamp 225 outgoing of the side that is arranged in wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222.Then, the light of this reflection is via the apex of prism 222a outgoing on the direction that is similar to 76 ° of inclinations with respect to wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 that is layered on the wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222.Here, be benchmark with the uper side surface of wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222, via tilt light outgoing on the direction identical of 76 ° of outgoing of prismatic light guide plate 222 with correlation technique.
The birefringence optics sheet 223 of upside that is positioned at wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 is identical with last embodiment.In other words, birefringence optics sheet 223 comprises the first apex of prism 223b, the second apex of prism 223c and basilar memebrane 223d, the first apex of prism 223b is in forward direction, promptly be orthogonal to and be formed at the basilar memebrane 223a that constitutes substrate on the direction of bearing of trend of apex of prism 222a of wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 and go up and have a low-refraction, form the second apex of prism 223c by insert UV cured resin etc. in each paddy of the first apex of prism 223b, basilar memebrane 223d is layered on the second apex of prism 223c.Therefore, birefringence optics sheet 223 is constructed to have the upper and lower surface on plane.
Be similar to the light of 76 ° of outgoing via the birefringence optics sheet 223 that is layered on the wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 via wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222 with uper side surface with respect to wedge type prismatic light guide plate 222, promptly transmit via following basilar memebrane 223a, the first apex of prism 223b, the second apex of prism 223c and last basilar memebrane 223d continuously, thereby be refracted.Therefore, the light of this refraction outgoing on the direction vertical with basal surface.
Like this, via birefringence optics sheet 223 the light of outgoing on the direction vertical with basal surface via be layered on the birefringence optics sheet 223 such as the secondary optical sheet of diffusion disk (not shown) by evenly scattering, thereby be applied to liquid crystal panel 231.
By this structure, rub with the plane lower surface that is layered in the birefringence optics sheet 223 that forms by flexible material on the apex of prism 222a to the apex of prism 222a of this LCD device and the wedge type optical plate 222 that forms by rigid material thus even apply external impact, also can prevent the breaking or crumble of apex of prism 222a of wedge type optical plate 222.
Except said structure, can understand the feature of reflecting plate 221 and wedge type optical plate 222 and about the detailed description of liquid crystal panel 231 by previous description.
Fig. 5 A illustrates the curve map that the outgoing through the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes, and Fig. 5 B illustrates the isogram that the outgoing through the light of prismatic light guide plate distributes, and Fig. 5 C illustrates the isogram that the outgoing through the light of birefringence optics sheet distributes.
Shown in Fig. 5 A and 5B, can find out, in the LCD device that has plate prismatic light guide plate and wedge type prismatic light guide plate respectively, the most light that sees through the prismatic light guide plate with apex of prism up has main outgoing peak intensity for 76 ° with respect to the approximate inclination of the uper side surface of optical plate.Can notice thus, shown in correlation technique, compare the outgoing in the same direction of most light with prismatic light guide plate with apex of prism down.
Then, shown in Fig. 5 C, advance via the birefringence optics sheet 123 and 223 that is layered on prismatic light guide plate 122 and 222 with the light of approximate 76 ° of inclination outgoing after seeing through prismatic light guide plate 122 and 222, thereby on the direction vertical, be provided to liquid crystal panel 131 and 231 with basal surface.
Like this, the light that sees through birefringence optics sheet 123 and 223 is provided to liquid crystal panel 131 and 231 thus equably by being layered in diffusion disk on birefringence optics sheet 123 and 223 etc. by diffusion.
Fig. 6 A and 6B are the figure that illustrates according to the various modification of birefringence optics sheet of the present invention.Compare with previous embodiment of the present invention, the advantage of these modification is that cost reduces.
As shown in Figure 6A, the first apex of prism 323b with low-refraction be formed at by PET or PC form on the basilar memebrane 323a of the apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate, and the second apex of prism 323c with the refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 323b respectively is formed between two the first apex of prism 323b.Here, the upper surface that is exposed to the second outside apex of prism 323c forms the plane.
On the other hand, shown in Fig. 6 B, at first, the second apex of prism 423b with high index of refraction is formed on the basilar memebrane 423a, and the first apex of prism 423c with the refractive index that is lower than the second apex of prism 423b respectively is formed between two the second apex of prism 423b.Here, be exposed to the outside first apex of prism 423b and be constructed to plane surface with low-refraction.This plane surface can be towards the apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate.
Like this, even the plane surface of the first apex of prism 423c is towards the apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate, owing to form by rigid material with the compare apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate of the first apex of prism 423c that forms by flexible material, even so when having applied external impact, can be owing between two parts, i.e. yet friction between prismatic light guide plate and the birefringence optics sheet and the breaking or crumble of pattern that cause apex of prism.
Fig. 7 A and 7B show the structure that comparatively speaking can reduce cost in view of the one-piece construction of LCD device with the structure shown in Fig. 6 A and the 6B.
In other words, in the structure of Fig. 7 A, structural similarity with Fig. 6 A, the first apex of prism 523b with low-refraction be formed at by PET or PC form on the basilar memebrane 523a of the apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate, and the second apex of prism 523c with the refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 523b respectively is formed between two the first apex of prism 523b.Another basement membrane layer is stacked on the second apex of prism 523c.This basilar memebrane is constructed to diffusion basilar memebrane 523d, has diffusing pattern or diffusion particle in inside or the outside of this diffusion basilar memebrane 523d.Here, this diffusing pattern or diffusion particle can be formed by at least a material among PMMA, silicon dioxide and the PC.
In this structure, can remove the diffusion disk that is layered in the correlation technique on the birefringence optics sheet 523.
In addition, in the structure of Fig. 7 B, the first apex of prism 623b with low-refraction is formed on the first diffusion basilar memebrane 623a of the apex of prism of prismatic light guide plate.The second apex of prism 623c with the refractive index that is higher than the first apex of prism 623b respectively is formed between two the first apex of prism 623b, then, the second diffusion basilar memebrane 623d is layered on the second apex of prism 623c.
Here, also comprise diffusing pattern or diffusion particle in inside or the outside of the first and second diffusion basilar memebrane 623a and 623d.This diffusing pattern or diffusion particle can be formed by at least a material among PMMA, silicon dioxide and the PC.
As shown in Figure 8, the present invention can be applied to of making among the following basilar memebrane 723a of birefringence optics sheet 723 and the last basilar memebrane 723d have in its surface diffusing pattern or within it portion or outside have the diffusion particle, and another basilar memebrane has in its surface and comprises lenticular prism pattern.
Here, lenticule is formed by ultraviolet curable resin.
As shown in Figure 9, the present invention can be applied to and make the following basilar memebrane 823a of birefringence optics sheet 823 and at least one among the last basilar memebrane 823d deposit the bonding agent that comprises pearl 862.In this modification, bonding agent 860 is used for pearl 862 is fixed to lower and upper basilar memebrane 823a and 823d.Pearl 862 is used to make the emergent light of birefringence optics sheet 823 to avoid the influence of particle, and realizes seeming level and smooth emergent light.
Figure 10 A and 10B show another modification of the present invention, and wherein, the thickness of the thickness of following basilar memebrane 923a and 1023a and last basilar memebrane 923d and 1023d is asymmetric, thereby reduce the thickness of birefringence optics sheet 923 and 1023.
Shown in Fig. 9 A, the last basilar memebrane 923d of birefringence optics sheet 923 is set to and is thinner than down basilar memebrane 923a.This structure intention prevent lower and upper basilar memebrane 923a and 923d have under the situation of same thickness when on the bending of the hat-shaped rolled downwards of two ends of the birefringence optics sheet 923 that causes during greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion that descends basilar memebrane 923a of the coefficient of thermal expansion of basilar memebrane 923d.
Shown in Figure 10 B, the last basilar memebrane 1023d of birefringence optics sheet 1023 is set to and is thicker than down basilar memebrane 1023a.This structure intention prevent lower and upper basilar memebrane 1023a and 1023d have under the situation of same thickness when on the bending of the cup-shape that scrolls up of two ends of the birefringence optics sheet 1023 that causes during less than the coefficient of thermal expansion that descends basilar memebrane 1023a of the coefficient of thermal expansion of basilar memebrane 1023d.
In LCD device according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention that can realize with aforesaid various modification, when applying external vibration or impacting, can prevent because prismatic light guide plate or prismatic lens and in its upside or breaking or crumbling of the prism pattern that friction caused between the parts of downside.Therefore, can will break and the appearance of the hickie phenomenon that caused of crumbling minimizes by this.So the light with uniform luminance is applied to liquid crystal panel, improved picture quality thus.
LCD device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention can have birefringence optics sheet, this birefringence optics sheet has second apex of prism in the paddy zone of inserting first apex of prism that alternately has peak and paddy, this second apex of prism has the refractive index that is higher than first apex of prism, can vertically be concentrated via the emergent light of prismatic light guide plate thus, thereby improved brightness.
Above-mentioned embodiment and advantage only are exemplary and can not be interpreted as limiting the disclosure.The equipment that can easily be applied to other type is stated in current religion.This description is illustrative, and the scope of unrestricted claim.Those skilled in the art will know many replacements, modification and change.Can be in every way feature, structure, method and the further feature of illustrative embodiments described herein be made up illustrative embodiments to obtain to add and/or replace.
Owing under the situation that does not break away from its characteristic, can realize these features in a variety of forms, unless so should also be appreciated that and carry out the restriction that the above-mentioned embodiment of specified otherwise can not be subjected to any details of foregoing description in addition, and should broadly be interpreted as in the scope of claims definition, fall into the border of claim and interior change of counterpart of boundary or these borders and boundary thus and be defined as being included in the appended claim with modification.

Claims (22)

1, a kind of liquid crystal indicator, this liquid crystal indicator comprises:
Liquid crystal panel, it is configured to present image;
Lamp, it is positioned under the described liquid crystal panel, provides light to described liquid crystal panel;
Optical plate is settled described lamp in its side at least; And
Birefringence optics sheet, it is between described liquid crystal panel and described optical plate, and first prism pattern with first refractive index and second prism pattern with second refractive index arranged, described first prism pattern is towards described liquid crystal panel, described second prism pattern is towards described optical plate, and described second refractive index is higher than described first refractive index.
2, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described optical plate has surperficial going up in the prism pattern that forms thereon on the direction of described liquid crystal panel.
3, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the prism pattern of described optical plate is at least a in apex of prism, form of lens and the pyramid form.
4, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the prism pattern of described optical plate forms at least a in dimpled grain and the burr.
5, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first prism pattern of described birefringence optics sheet is at least a in apex of prism, form of lens, pyramid form and the polygon form.
6, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described birefringence optics sheet also comprises the basilar memebrane at least one side surface that is positioned at described first prism pattern or described second prism pattern.
7, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described basilar memebrane is by at least a formation the in tygon or the polycarbonate.
8, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described at least one basilar memebrane is the diffusion basilar memebrane.
9, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described diffusion basilar memebrane comprises its lip-deep diffusing pattern or its inner or outside diffusion particle.
10, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described diffusion basilar memebrane has in its surface and comprises lenticular prism pattern.
11, as any described liquid crystal indicator in the claim 8 to 10, wherein, diffusion basilar memebrane on one side of described birefringence optics sheet in its outside or inside have diffusing pattern or diffusion particle, and/or the diffusion basilar memebrane on the opposite side of described birefringence optics sheet has in its surface and comprises lenticular prism pattern.
12, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described lenticule is formed by ultraviolet curable resin.
13, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described diffusing pattern or diffusion particle are formed by at least a material in polymethylmethacrylate, silicon dioxide and the polycarbonate.
14, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the surface deposition of described at least one basilar memebrane has the bonding agent that comprises pearl.
15, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 14, wherein, described pearl and described bonding agent are formed by transparent material.
16, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described basilar memebrane and described first and second prism pattern are formed by hyaline membrane.
17, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the difference between described first refractive index of described first prism pattern and described second refractive index of described second prism pattern is 0.1 or bigger.
18, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 17, wherein, the difference between described first refractive index of described first prism pattern and described second refractive index of described second prism pattern is in 0.1 to 0.2 scope.
19, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first refractive index of described first prism pattern is in 1.3 to 1.9 scope, and described second refractive index of described second prism pattern is in 1.4 to 2.0 scope.
20, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described first refractive index of described first prism pattern is in 1.3 to 1.49 scope, and described second refractive index of described second prism pattern is in 1.5 to 1.7 scope.
21, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 1, wherein, each ridge of described first prism pattern comprises first and second inclination angles and the drift angle of being determined by described first and second inclination angles, and described first and second inclination angles are mutually symmetrical or asymmetric.
22, liquid crystal indicator as claimed in claim 21, wherein, first light with first incident angle that sees through described optical plate and incide on described first prism pattern is refracted second light that becomes to have less than first refraction angle of described first incident angle, described second light that incides on the interface between described first and second prism pattern with second incident angle is refracted the 3rd light that becomes to have less than second refraction angle of described second incident angle at the described second prism pattern place, and described the 3rd light that incides on the interface between described second and first prism pattern with the 3rd incident angle is refracted the 4th light that becomes to have the third reflect angle.
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