CN101612510A - A kind of absorption CO 2Micro-channel absorber - Google Patents
A kind of absorption CO 2Micro-channel absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101612510A CN101612510A CN200810011995A CN200810011995A CN101612510A CN 101612510 A CN101612510 A CN 101612510A CN 200810011995 A CN200810011995 A CN 200810011995A CN 200810011995 A CN200810011995 A CN 200810011995A CN 101612510 A CN101612510 A CN 101612510A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of micro-channel absorber, wherein: the microchannel that main part is suitable for holding the gas-liquid fluid for a lot of bars along the certain space of having of Liquid Flow direction distance; The way of contact of logistics is and stream between the gas of required absorption and the absorption liquid; The absorber inlet has corresponding gas and distribution of liquid device, has guaranteed the even distribution of gas and liquid.Micro-channel absorber unit volume processing gas flow is big among the present invention, compact conformation; Can efficiently remove the CO in the power plant coal-burning boiler flue gas
2And realization high concentration CO
2Recycling, the decarburization that also can be process gas such as synthetic ammonia, natural gas, carbon one chemical industry provides absorption techniques efficiently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro-channel absorber, can efficiently remove the CO in the power plant coal-burning boiler flue gas
2And realization high concentration CO
2Recycling, the decarburization that also can be process gas such as synthetic ammonia, natural gas, carbon one chemical industry provides absorption techniques efficiently.
Background technology
Along with the signature of Kyoto Protocol in 1997 comes into force, to CO
2Reduction of discharging administer and also to have risen to a new height.Because the whole world is to the dependence of fossil fuel, the discharge amount of exhaust gas that produces in industry and the human lives's process increases day by day, and air pollution that causes therefrom and greenhouse effects are seriously threatening human earth environment of depending on for existence.The discharge capacity that reduces greenhouse gases has become the human common hot issue of paying close attention to.By the end of the year 2004, existing 141 state approvals in the whole world be the Kyoto Protocol of aim to reduce greenhouse gases, this protocol is formally effective on February 16th, 2005.Though there is not regulation to comprise the concrete CER of developing country before 2012 of China in " protocol ", but the trend that the international obligations that must bear as a responsible big country and greenhouse gas emissions increase sharply, China is being faced with the immense pressure of honouring an agreement.China's greenhouse gas emission total amount has occupied the second place of the world, only after the U.S., predicts that China's CO2 emissions become the first in the world probably after 20 years.Along with high speed development of national economy, China faces the severe situation of a large amount of emission greenhouse gases.So we must carry out the recycling and the storing technology research of greenhouse gases as early as possible, searching can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, does not influence the countermeasure of China's rate of economic development again.
How to cut down fossil fuel CO
2Discharging is the strategic problem that concerns China's energy, the resource environment overall situation, must rely on progress of science and technology and innovation, eliminates the environment negative effect that the fossil fuel utilization brings step by step, CO in the safe disposal energy sources conversion
2At present, reduce discharging CO
2Technology has become interdiscipline, interdepartmental global research topic, and many countries and international research mechanism have all formulated corresponding project, mainly is to start with from following several respects with reducing discharging CO
2(1) improve efficiency of energy utilization and transformation efficiency, industry restructuring is few with energy; Yet, in order to develop the economy, no matter developed country or developing country, the trend that energy requirement rises can not stop; (2) develop the utilization of the renewable sources of energy and nuclear power as early as possible; (3) reduce CO from the source
2Discharging, i.e. the CO that burning back is produced
2Separate and stored utilization, do not allow it be discharged into atmosphere.
The CO that discharge because of combustion of fossil fuels global every year
2Reach about 20,000,000,000 tons, in past 20 years, drain into CO in the atmosphere
23/4 cause by combustion of fossil fuel, wherein flue gas is CO
2The emission source of concentrating steady in a long-term.While CO
2Be again a kind of important raw material of industry, it is widely used in every field such as food and chemical industry, as is used to produce food, tobacco expanding agent, urea, methyl alcohol etc.Therefore press for the CO that removes in the power plant coal-fired pipe bowl stove flue gas
2, the key of head it off at first is how to isolate CO from the combustion of fossil fuel product efficiently
2Realize recycling.Industrial CO
2Isolation technics a lot, mainly contain following several: absorption process, absorption method, low temperature distillation method and gas separation membrane method.These methods cut both ways, and have the optimum scope of application separately.
Absorption method is because the treating capacity desorption and regeneration adsorbent that needs simultaneously less than normal causes bigger energy consumption; The low temperature distillation method is because of restricted application, and the condition harshness, and the operating procedure complexity does not possess bigger Practical significance.Absorption process is to use the most successful CO that removes at present
2Method; the packed tower of extensive use in Chemical Manufacture is at present still playing an important role; influence each other but exist between the two-phase fluid that contacts in the packed tower; usually can cause problems such as entrainment, liquid flooding, leakage, simultaneously huge packed tower volume makes that also the cost of operation and maintenance is higher.The specific area of microchannel can reach 10000-50000m
2/ m
-3, and the specific area of conventional vessel generally is no more than 1000m
2/ m
-3Therefore the mass transfer area in little chemical system increases greatly, can obtain very high transfer rate, thereby can realize the miniaturization of solution-air absorption equipment in little reaction system, can reduce the consumption and the operation expense of building material thus.Micro-channel absorber is used for separating with the aspects such as GAS ABSORPTION of field of purification can realize that continuous high-efficient separates fast.Traditional amplification process exists enlarge-effect, and time and effort consuming generally needs 2-5.Because each passage is equivalent to an independently absorber in the micro-channel absorber, so amplification process promptly is the stack of number of active lanes, can save time, and reduces cost, and realizes the quick conversion of scientific achievement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of micro-channel absorber, and this micro-channel absorber can solve: the CO that, can reach 50-80% near normal pressure the time
2Removal efficiency; Two, improve the compactness of whole micro-channel absorber, the gas treatment amount of unit volume micro-channel absorber can reach 1 * 10
4m
3/ h/ (m
3The microchannel) more than; Three, reduce the resistance to mass tranfer of absorption process, improve mass-transfer efficiency; Four, thoroughly solve between the two-phase fluid that contacts in the conventional filler absorption tower influence each other, problem such as entrainment, liquid flooding, leakage.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
One, because adopt microchannel efficiently, the Microchannel Plates the earth of this kind art designs improves the specific area of mass transfer, obtains very high mass transfer rate; The efficient heat transfer performance of microchannel makes that also interior each the interchannel temperature difference of micro-channel absorber is less; Two, liquid adopts the solid even distributor of liquid, gas distributor of gas employing and secondary air distributor, and gas-liquid two-phase distributes all very even; Three, adopt the gas-liquid way of contact of gas and liquid flowing, solved traditional problems such as entrainment, liquid flooding, leakage in the conventional filler absorption tower.
Technical scheme is specially:
A kind of absorption CO
2Micro-channel absorber, comprise the absorber body, be respectively arranged with lean solution in the absorber upper part of body and absorb liquid inlet and gas tangent line inlet, be respectively arranged with the outlet of gas vent and rich absorption liquid in the bottom of absorber body;
Be provided with the microchannel that is parallel to each other more than 2 or 2 in the middle part of the absorber body, the two ends of microchannel are provided with inlet public passage district and outlet public passage district;
Be provided with 1-5 in the gas access with inlet public passage interval and pass the gas distributor that connects layer by layer; Absorb the liquid inlet in lean solution and be provided with liquid distribution trough with inlet public passage interval;
The equivalent diameter of described each microchannel can be chosen according to the requirement of the decarbonizing process of concrete enforcement, and concrete scope is: 50 μ m-3000 μ m.
Described liquid distribution trough is the even distributor of liquid solid nozzle.
The cross sectional shape of described microchannel is multiple geometries such as circle, triangle, wedge shape, square, rectangle, trapezoidal or sinusoidal.
The cross section of described whole micro-channel absorber can be designed to circle, also can be designed to other geometries such as square or rectangular according to the actual requirements.
The application of described micro-channel absorber, described micro-channel absorber is used for CO
2Absorption process, the solvent that absorbs CO2 in the unstripped gas can be selected according to specific embodiments, can be:
Monoethanolamine MEA in the alcamines absorbent, diethanol amine DEA or methyl diethanolamine MDEA;
Perhaps be the NHD NHD in the organic solvent, propene carbonate, methyl alcohol, ethanol, polyethylene glycol or thiophane;
It perhaps is solution of potassium carbonate; Or perhaps the mixed solvent of above solvent composition.
Also be added with activator piperazine, diethylene glycol, imidazoles or methyl substituted miaow (as 1-methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline or 4-methylimidazole) in the described solvent.
The scope of absorption system pressure is selected more widely 0.1-4MPa, can select according to different embodiments.Can reach the CO of 50-80% during at normal pressure or near normal pressure
2Removal efficiency; Absorbing temperature is 0-70 ℃, absorbs temperature and is preferably 40-60 ℃; The unstripped gas that is absorbed removes and comprises CO
2Also can contain H outward,
2, N
2, CH
4, CO, O
2, H
2The gas of multiple compositions such as S, NOx, SOx and/or COS.Absorb the CO that reclaim the back through micro-channel absorber
2Concentration can reach 95-99%.The field distribution of micro-channel absorber internal temperature is even.
The gas of absorption required for the present invention and absorption liquid pass through corresponding feed distributor respectively before entering the microchannel, and it is more even to distribute when it can make unstripped gas and material liquid enter the microchannel.Its main part is many microchannels that are suitable for holding the gas-liquid fluid along the certain space of having of Liquid Flow direction distance; The type of flow of logistics is concurrent flow between the gas of required absorption and the absorption liquid; The absorber inlet has corresponding gas and distribution of liquid device, has guaranteed the even distribution of gas and liquid.Each passage is equivalent to an independently absorber in the micro-channel absorber, and the stack by the microchannel number can obtain required more massive absorption plant.Micro-channel absorber unit volume processing gas flow is big among the present invention, compact conformation; Can efficiently remove the CO in the power plant coal-burning boiler flue gas
2And realization high concentration CO
2Recycling, the decarburization that also can be process gas such as synthetic ammonia, natural gas, carbon one chemical industry provides absorption techniques efficiently.
The present invention is applied to CO with micro-channel absorber first
2Removing of mist can pressure reduction be less before and after the absorber more than the order of magnitude with 1 of the volume-diminished of conventional filler tower, and having overcome in the past, packed tower takes off CO
2The time some drawbacks, even near normal pressure the time, can reach the CO of 50-80%
2Removal efficiency has greatly reduced the financial cost of normal pressure flue gas decarburization.The cost of the investment of micro-channel absorber, operation and maintenance is all lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the micro-channel absorber schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is micro-channel absorber experiment flow figure in the specific implementation;
Fig. 3 is micro-channel absorber part of test results figure in the specific implementation.
The specific embodiment
Micro-channel absorber of the present invention (Fig. 1), a kind of absorption CO
2Micro-channel absorber, comprise the absorber body, be respectively arranged with lean solution in the absorber upper part of body and absorb liquid inlet and gas tangent line inlet, be respectively arranged with the outlet of gas vent and rich absorption liquid in the bottom of absorber body; Be provided with the microchannel that is parallel to each other more than 2 or 2 in the middle part of the absorber body, the two ends of microchannel are provided with inlet public passage district and outlet public passage district; Be provided with 1-5 in the gas access with inlet public passage interval and pass the gas distributor that connects layer by layer; Absorb the liquid inlet in lean solution and be provided with liquid distribution trough with inlet public passage interval;
The equivalent diameter of described each microchannel can be chosen according to the requirement of the decarbonizing process of concrete enforcement, and concrete scope is: 50 μ m-3000 μ m.
The main CO that uses in the flue gas
2Remove and recycle, also be applied to the decarburization of process gas such as synthetic ammonia, natural gas, carbon one chemical industry.The unstripped gas that needs decarburization to purify mainly comprises CO
2, also can contain H simultaneously
2, N
2, CH
4, CO, O
2, H
2Multiple composition such as S, concrete composition has corresponding variation with the difference of actual demand application scenario.The absorbent that is used for micro-channel absorber can be selected: alcamines absorbent (MEA, DEA and MDEA), NHD (NHD), propene carbonate, methyl alcohol, ethanol, polyethylene glycol and thiophane, potash etc.Also can be the mixed solvent of above solvent composition, can also add a small amount of activator, the general activator that uses has: piperazine, diethylene glycol, imidazoles or methyl substituted imidazoles such as 1-methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline, organic substances such as 4-methylimidazole.
The poor absorption liquid that is used for micro-channel absorber at first absorbs liquid inlet 11 through lean solution and enters, and evenly distributes in main body porch, microchannel through the solid even distributor 15 of liquid then.Need the unstripped gas of decarburization then to enter by the gas tangent line inlet 12 of micro-channel absorber, after gas distributor 13 and 14 twice distribution of secondary air distributor evenly downwards and lean solution absorption liquid contact.Gas-liquid by having many microchannels 18 of certain space distance, and is finished the absorption process of CO2 in the mode of concurrent flow in microchannel 18.Purge gas enters next operation by gas vent 16, and rich absorption liquid enters regenerator regeneration by rich absorption liquid outlet 17.The cross section of whole micro-channel absorber can be designed as circle 19, also can be designed to square, rectangle or other geometries according to the actual requirements.
Micro-channel absorber of the present invention experiment flow is in the specific implementation seen Fig. 2.During experiment, at first unstripped gas 20 and poor absorption liquid 28 are entered micro-channel absorber 24 according to a certain percentage, the amount of unstripped gas 20 and poor absorption liquid 28 is respectively by mass flowmenter 21 and pump 23a control.Unstripped gas enters and also needs before the micro-channel absorber 24 be preheating to by preheater 22a temperature required, and poor absorption liquid needs preheater 22b first preheating before entering micro-channel absorber 24 too.Unstripped gas and is finished absorption process in micro-channel absorber 24 and flow through microchannel group in the micro-channel absorber 24 of poor absorption liquid and stream, and Purge gas 29 enters subsequent processing by 16 outflows of ad hoc gas vent.Rich absorption liquid then enters regenerator 25 regeneration by rich absorption liquid outlet 17, obtains the CO of high concentration
2Gas 30.Flow through heat exchanger 22c and annotate back poor absorption liquid storage tank by pump 23b and recycle fully of poor absorption liquid after the regeneration.In addition, the Pressure gauge from flow chart (26a and 26b) can know that the pressure drop of whole micro-channel absorber 24 changes between the 0-0.05MPa with not coexisting for the treatment of capacity.Also be provided with the thief hatch (27a and 27b) of unstripped gas and rich absorption liquid in the concrete flow process of implementing respectively.
In order to be briefly described the certain situation in the actual implementation process, existing selection contains 30%CO
2Mist and the mixed solvent formed of MDEA and piperazine illustrate.Part of test results is seen Fig. 3.
Manufactured and designed serial 1-10m by above-mentioned design
3The micro-channel absorber of/h gas treatment amount, the treating capacity of micro-channel absorber has reached 1 * 10
4m
3/ h/ (m
3The microchannel) more than.According to different technological requirements, can adopt the ratio of different unstripped gas and absorbent, CO in the purified gas
2Can drop to 0.2%-10% by 30%, this depends on the requirement of user to the purified gas quality fully.The CO that reclaims
2Concentration can reach 95-99%.
Micro-channel absorber of the present invention both can be widely used in the CO in the coal-fired boiler in power plant flue gas under the low pressure (even near normal pressure)
2Remove, also can be widely used in the decarbonizing process of process gas such as synthetic ammonia under the high pressure, natural gas, carbon one chemical industry.The scale of the processing unstripped gas of micro-channel absorber can be by 1000-100000m
3/ h, bigger scale also can be realized by identical micro-channel absorber combination.
Claims (9)
1. one kind absorbs CO
2Micro-channel absorber, comprise the absorber body, be respectively arranged with lean solution in the absorber upper part of body and absorb liquid inlet (11) and gas tangent line inlet (12), be respectively arranged with gas vent (16) and rich absorption liquid in the bottom of absorber body and export (17); It is characterized in that: be provided with the microchannel that is parallel to each other (18) more than 2 or 2 at absorber body middle part, the two ends of microchannel (18) are provided with inlet public passage district and outlet public passage district; (12) are provided with 1-5 with inlet public passage interval and pass the gas distributor that connects layer by layer in the gas access; Absorb liquid inlet (11) in lean solution and be provided with liquid distribution trough with inlet public passage interval; The equivalent diameter of described each microchannel (18) is: 50 μ m-3000 μ m.
2. according to the described micro-channel absorber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described liquid distribution trough is the even distributor of liquid solid nozzle.
3. according to the described micro-channel absorber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cross sectional shape of described microchannel is circle, triangle, wedge shape, square, rectangle, trapezoidal or sinusoidal.
4. according to the described micro-channel absorber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cross section of described whole micro-channel absorber can be designed to circle, square or rectangular.
5. the application of the described micro-channel absorber of claim 1 is characterized in that: described micro-channel absorber is used for CO
2Absorption process, the solvent that absorbs CO2 in the unstripped gas can be selected according to specific embodiments, can be: the monoethanolamine MEA in the alcamines absorbent, diethanol amine DEA or methyl diethanolamine MDEA; Perhaps be the NHD NHD in the organic solvent, propene carbonate, methyl alcohol, ethanol, polyethylene glycol or thiophane; It perhaps is solution of potassium carbonate; Or the mixed solvent formed of above more than one solvents.
6. according to the application of the described micro-channel absorber of claim 5, it is characterized in that: also be added with activator piperazine, diethylene glycol, imidazoles or methyl substituted imidazoles in the described solvent.
7. according to the application of the described micro-channel absorber of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described methyl substituted imidazoles is as 1-methylimidazole, glyoxal ethyline or 4-methylimidazole.
8. according to the application of the described micro-channel absorber of claim 5, it is characterized in that: absorption system pressure is 0.1-4MPa, and absorbing temperature is 0-70 ℃
9. according to the application of the described micro-channel absorber of claim 8, it is characterized in that: absorb temperature and be preferably 40-60 ℃, the unstripped gas that is absorbed removes and comprises CO
2Also can contain H outward,
2, N
2, CH
4, CO, O
2, H
2S, NOx, SOx and/or COS gas.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100119956A CN101612510B (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Micro-channel absorber for absorbing CO2 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100119956A CN101612510B (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Micro-channel absorber for absorbing CO2 |
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| CN101612510B CN101612510B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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| CN2008100119956A Expired - Fee Related CN101612510B (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Micro-channel absorber for absorbing CO2 |
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| CN102451653A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Micro reaction method for realizing efficient absorption of acid gas |
| CN102784543A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fractal micro channel reactor system for enhancing CO2 absorption, and method thereof |
| CN102784542A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Multi-channel micro reactor system for enhancing CO2 absorption, and method thereof |
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| CN111821812A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | CO (carbon monoxide)2Absorbent and synthesis and application thereof |
| CN111821812B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-09-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | CO (carbon monoxide)2Absorbent and synthesis and application thereof |
| CN114276299A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-04-05 | 山东友泉新材料有限公司 | Continuous preparation method of 4-methylimidazole |
| CN114276299B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-04-05 | 山东友泉新材料有限公司 | Continuous preparation method of 4-methylimidazole |
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