CN101611365A - Hybrid buffer management - Google Patents
Hybrid buffer management Download PDFInfo
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- CN101611365A CN101611365A CNA2007800431852A CN200780043185A CN101611365A CN 101611365 A CN101611365 A CN 101611365A CN A2007800431852 A CNA2007800431852 A CN A2007800431852A CN 200780043185 A CN200780043185 A CN 200780043185A CN 101611365 A CN101611365 A CN 101611365A
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- impact damper
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Abstract
A kind of computing equipment is receiving media stream optionally.Be included in impact damper in this computing equipment and optionally store frame from described Media Stream, this impact damper is configured to certain capacity.Programmed instruction in the described computing equipment is to be used for sending alert message and be used for receiving clear instruction in response to this alert message together with recovering information when reaching threshold value.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application require on November 21st, 2006 submit to be entitled as " streaming media buffer device time-delay management (STREAMING MEADIA BUFFER LATENCY MANAGEMENT) ", application number is the right of priority of 60/860,278 U.S. Provisional Patent Application.
Background information
Streaming Media be commonly referred to as in the source media content download such as media server via or can come the playing media content via playback software or reproducing device at least.Can provide for example such streaming medium content of video and audio content according to multiple standards and form.For example, well-known have standard of announcing such as the such video standard of Quick Time and RealMedia and by Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) or the like.
Such many of design such as mpeg stream delivery of content have two purposes when being used for many standards of streaming medium content: (1) keeps the network bandwidth and (2) keep video quality.Yet, when designing the Streaming Media of MPEG and other kind, do not have the purpose that for example reduces the timely transmission content of time-delay and so on.For example, at present, the contents processing apparatus such as set-top box (STB) uses MPEG usually and is designed to and transmits complete video flowing with time-delay as cost.
The Media Stream that arrives the arrival STB such as mpeg stream of STB may face network jitter (jitter), and it can cause the excessive storage in the impact damper of media frame in STB of frame of video and so on for example.Before showing all previous frames, do not show the frame that STB receives.Yet in some cases, for example, in the interactive application such as recreation, user expectation is pushed in response to key and is upgraded on its video display in time.At present, the user supports application unsatisfactorily in multiple situation video flowing is usually left in the time-delay that is caused by shake for.
Game on-line is a kind of situation that the Media Stream time-delay can cause unsatisfied user experience.For example, when by when recreation is provided such as set-top box contents processing apparatus such as (STB), the game server of gaming session (session) from video hub office (VHO) is delivered to STB in the client as mpeg video stream etc. by packet switching network.That is to say, on game server, carry out gaming session, but this gaming session is come to present by mpeg stream by STB.Therefore, gaming session is encoded to mpeg stream and be sent to STB by the network streaming.Be presented on the media playback such as TV or video monitor by STB decoding mpeg stream and with it.By will collect the input of user such as input equipments such as radio frequency (RF) or infrared remote control, USB (universal serial bus) (USB) game paddles to recreation.Then, send user's input back to game server by packet switching network.This game server receives user's input and provides it to gaming session handling, thereby suitably revises outputting video streams based on this input.It is untimely and/or invalid that time-delay in the mpeg stream can cause that the user imports, and therefore causes to make the unsatisfied game experiencing of user.
Therefore, being used to such as the mpeg stream delivery of content provides many standards of Streaming Media to be designed to have traditional purpose that (a) keeps the network bandwidth and (2) maintenance video quality.Yet the same with the situation of many Media Streams, mpeg video stream is not designed to not have the purpose that for example reduces the timely transmission content of time-delay and so on.For example, at present, it is that cost is transmitted unbroken video flowing that the contents processing apparatus such as set-top box (STB) is designed to the time-delay.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the example system that is used to provide game on-line.
Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary buffer management process.
Fig. 3 illustrates and is used for removing according to the instruction that receives from server the example process of (flush) impact damper.
Fig. 4 illustrates the example process that is used for removing impact damper when the buffer capacity restriction that reaches predetermined application-specific.
Fig. 5 shows the process that is used for local controller buffer and is used for from the example process of the mixing of the process of the removing of server triggers impact damper.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the example system 100 that is used for providing to client residence 101 game on-line, and described client residence 101 is used for being visited by contents processing apparatus 110 and media player 115 by user 102.Client residence 101 can be household, enterprise or any other position that comprises contents processing apparatus 110, and can comprise a plurality of contents processing apparatus 110.
Known BHR 117 be used in client residence 101 such as contents processing apparatus 110 such equipment distribution audio frequency, video and data.For example, BHR 117 can be broadband home router or the WiMAX home router from the intelligence advanced in years Microtronic A/S in Sani Wei Er city, California.BHR 117 can also provide wired or WLAN (wireless local area network) (LAN), thereby the selective communication between the various device in the client residence 101 is provided.For example, computing machine 118 can utilize BHR 117 to communicate by letter with contents processing apparatus 110.Computing machine 118 can be computer workstation, desk-top computer, notebook, laptop computer, handheld computer, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant), mobile phone, smart phone or some other computing equipment of utilizing hardware and software to communicate by letter with contents processing apparatus 110.
Known gateway router one 20 is used for dividing into groups at packet switching network 125 route datas.Gateway router 120 allows contents processing apparatus 110 to insert packet switching network 125.By communicating by letter with router one 20, contents processing apparatus 110 can obtain such as network addresss such as Internet protocol (IP) addresses, thereby makes contents processing apparatus 110 to ask or receive data from application server 140 etc. to application server 140 grades.
Computing equipment such as contents processing apparatus 110, client computer 118, recreation application server 140 and similar devices can adopt any in many known computer operating systems.For example, this kind equipment can use Microsoft Windows operating system; The Unix operating system solaris operating system of the Sun Microsystems of California Menlo Park issue (for example, by); AIX UNIX operating system by the issue of the International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) of New York A Mengke; And by the (SuSE) Linux OS of the Motorola Inc. of schaumburg issue and any known version and/or the kind of Vortex operating system.Computing equipment can comprise and any in known many computing equipments includes but not limited to computer workstation, desk-top computer, notebook, laptop computer, handheld computer, STB or some other computing equipment.
Computing equipment such as the miscellaneous equipment that contents processing apparatus 110 and this paper mention can be carried out the instruction that is stored on the computer-readable medium usually, such as being included in the instruction of using in 111.Can use the multiple known programming language and/or the computer program compiling or the interpretive machine executable instruction of technological innovation, described known programming language and/or technology comprise either alone or in combination, but be not limited to Java, C, C++, Visual Basic, Java Script, Perl or the like.Usually, processor (for example microprocessor) receives from the instruction of for example storer, computer-readable medium etc. and carries out these instructions, thereby carries out one or more processes, comprises one or more process as herein described.Can will use multiple known computer-readable medium to store and send this type of instruction and other data.
Computer-readable medium comprises any medium that participates in providing data (for example instruction), and it can be read by computing equipment.This type of medium can be taked many kinds of forms, includes but not limited to non-volatile media, Volatile media and transmission medium.Non-volatile media comprises for example CD or disk and other permanent memory.Volatile media comprises the dynamic RAM (DRAM) of common formation primary memory.Transmission medium comprises coaxial cable, copper cash and optical fiber, comprises the lead that comprises the system bus that is coupled to processor.Transmission medium can comprise or transmit sound wave, light wave and Electromagnetic Launching, such as during radio frequency (RF) or infrared (IR) data communication, generate those.The general type of computer-readable medium for example comprises: floppy disk, flexible plastic disc, hard disk, tape, any other magnetic medium, CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punched card, paper tape, any other physical medium with sectional hole patterns, RAM, PROM, EPROM, FLASH-EEPROM, any other storage chip or box, can be from its any other medium that reads as carrier wave, computing machine hereinafter.
Fig. 2 shows exemplary buffer management process 200, it uses buffer capacity through adjusting effectively, promptly limits the maximum-delay that the media units of frame of video and so on for example allows experience from the angle of subscriber equipment 118,119,121 etc., if and expection will then be left out this frame above this restriction from impact damper 112.Process 200 advantageously consumes the minimum of resources on the contents processing apparatus 110.Process 200 also provides the advantage of the minimum of resources on the application server consumption such as the server 140.Should see that process 200 causes removing of most recent units (for example frame of video) in the Media Stream 127.
In step 205, use 111 capacity of setting up impact damper 112, for example from the maximum number of the unit that can be stored in the Media Stream 127 in the impact damper 112 (for example frame).Can be according to using that programmed instruction in 111 pre-determine or can be according to the capacity of the impact damper of determining from the message of server 140 in step 205, to set up 112.Initialized any time of stream and the capacity of setting up or revise impact damper 112 during streaming sends can comprised.According to determining that from the message of server 140 or instruction the capacity of impact damper 112 provides the dirigibility in different time delay is provided effectively by different types of Media Stream 127 (for example different types of recreation) of using 111 pairs of servers 140 and providing.In addition, recreation may will be allowed different media application (for example advertisement) interruption of the time-delay of varying level.Usually, different Media Streams 127 can be allowed the time-delay more more or less than other Media Stream.It should be understood that the capacity that limits impact damper 112 provides the unit of Media Stream 127 to spend effectively by the unit (for example one or more packet) of leaving out Media Stream 127 when impact damper 112 is full of maximum time postpones in impact damper 112.That is to say, when impact damper 112 is full of, can leave out rather than on the basis that postpones, provide the unit of Media Stream 127.
Next, in step 210, contents processing apparatus 110 receives from the unit in the Media Stream 127 of application server 140 according to the instruction of using in 111 by aforesaid network 125 usually.
Next, in step 215, contents processing apparatus 110 determines according to the instruction of using in 111 whether impact damper 112 is full of.If impact damper 112 underfills, then execution in step 220 next.Otherwise next execution in step 225.
In step 220, the unit (for example frame of video) of using 111 Media Streams 127 that receive in the comfortable step 210 in the future is stored in the impact damper 112.
In step 225, leave out the unit that in step 210, receives, wherein use 111 and determined in above-mentioned steps 215 that impact damper 112 is full of.
Next, in step 230, use 111 and determine whether Media Streams 127 are to stop or continue, promptly exist other frame to be processed.If then process 200 turns back to step 210.Otherwise process 200 finishes.
About process 200 and other process as herein described, be understood that, usually provide the Media Stream 127 that has begun with continuous substantially form, even and in implementation 200 (or other process, during other step if applicable), also continue to provide Media Stream 127 like that with reference to what step 210 was set forth as mentioned usually.It should be understood that for the different frame in the Media Stream 127, simultaneously the various steps of implementation 200.That is to say that before second frame being begun processing, step 215 to 240 the process that is used for first frame may not finished.Therefore, Fig. 2 shows process 200 about a frame in the Media Stream 127, but is not intended to cover up wherein simultaneously or handles concomitantly the real world example of a plurality of frames in the Media Stream 127.For example, in step 215 after storage first frame, can in addition before about the first frame execution in step 230 as storing second frame as described in the step 215.In addition, though remove frame about process 200 is not mentioned from impact damper 112, even be understood that when using 111 when removing unit (for example frame) from impact damper 112 by recreation, impact damper 112 also can become full or near threshold value.
Fig. 3 shows and is used for removing according to the instruction that receives from server 140 example process 300 of impact damper 112.Process 300 provides the advantage that consumes the minimum of resources in the contents processing apparatus 110, and relatively easily realizes in client device.In addition, when removing according to process 300, impact damper 112 advantageously keeps up-to-date and " important " frame of video.
In step 305, contents processing apparatus 110 receives Media Stream 127 from application server 140 by aforesaid network 125 according to using instruction in 111 usually.
Next, in step 310, use 111 and determine whether it has detected the instruction of removing impact damper 112 in Media Stream 127.For example, when when network 125 receives Media Stream 127, Media Stream 127 is the stream that comprises the grouping of header and other known field.This type of grouping can comprise the part as Media Stream 127 such as audio-frequency information, video information.Yet this type of grouping can also comprise the information that instruction is provided to application 111.For example, server 140 can provide instruction according to programmed instruction, specific frame or frame set that described programmed instruction is determined to be stored in the impact damper 112 are particular importances, therefore should leave out present frame in impact damper 112 to hold the set of this type of frame on the horizon or frame.Therefore, can order application 111 to remove impact dampers 112.For example, can in known manner this type of instruction be included in the MPEG transport stream.Perhaps, can in known manner this type of instruction be included in independently in the control stream.Advantageously, can make the application-specific that this type of instruction is applicable to be provided by server 140, for example specific recreation.Under any circumstance, if in step 310, receive the instruction of removing impact damper 112 from server 140, execution in step 315 next then.Otherwise next execution in step 320.
Next, in step 315, use 111 and impel impact damper 112 to be eliminated.Therefore, impact damper 112 will be idle, the frame in the Media Stream 127 that can be used for arriving, and will handle the frame of this type of arrival immediately by codec 113 and codec 114 from impact damper 112.
Next, in step 320, use 111 and determine whether Media Stream 127 has arrived its terminal point.If then process 300 finishes.Otherwise process 300 turns back to step 305.
Fig. 4 shows the example process 400 that is used for removing impact damper 112 when reaching the restriction of predetermined application specific buffer capacity.Be important to note that, trigger according to the impact damper 112 of process 400 by the condition in the impact damper 112 rather than by server 140 and remove.The method of process 400 has provides dynamic buffer limit adjustment with compensation such as the delay in other system's 100 elements such as network 125, server 140 and keep the advantage of up-to-date frame during gaming session.In addition, process 400 need also suitably be removed impact damper to measure end-to-end delay such as the realization of application vendors such as game provider, is impact damper 112 and sets up the capacity limit that is fit to application.
In step 405, set up the capacity limit of impact damper 112.It should be understood that as mentioned above, can flow at receiving media and revise this capacity limit in 127 the process.For example, server 140 can send instruction is provided with impact damper 112 with the application (for example recreation) of being asked based on user 102 capacity limit to using 111.
Next, in step 410, contents processing apparatus 110 receives Media Stream 127 from application server 140 by aforesaid network 125 according to using instruction in 111 usually.
Next, in step 415, application 111 determines whether to reach the capacity limit of the impact damper of setting up 112 in step 405.If reached this capacity limit, execution in step 420 next then.Otherwise next execution in step 425.
In step 420, remove impact damper 112.Note that and to come implementation 400, particularly step 420 by partly rather than fully removing impact damper 112.Under the situation of partly removing impact damper 112, the frame of removing is the earliest a frame in the impact damper, and this is desirable, because the up-to-date frame that receives that keeps in the impact damper 112 is normally desirable.Situation about removing fully with the impact damper 112 that for example may carry out in step 420 is the same, impact damper 112 parts remove can during gaming session, provide dynamic buffer limit adjustment with compensation such as the delay in other system's 100 elements such as network 125, server 140, and impact damper 112 parts are removed and are kept up-to-date frame.In addition, situation about removing fully with impact damper 112 is the same, impact damper 112 parts are removed to utilize such as the realization of application vendors such as game provider and are measured end-to-end delay and suitably remove impact damper, are impact damper 112 and set up the capacity limit that is fit to application.
In step 425, use 111 and determine whether Media Stream 127 has arrived its terminal point.If then process 400 finishes.Otherwise process 400 turns back to step 410.
Fig. 5 shows example process 500, and it is the process that is used for local controller buffer 112 and be used for triggering mixing of process that impact dampers 112 remove from server 140.
Next, with above the similar mode of step 210 process 200 described modes is come execution in step 510.
Whether next, in step 515, contents processing apparatus 110 determines whether to reach the alarm levels of setting up in step 505, that is, impact damper 112 has been filled to or surpasses alarm levels (being threshold value).If no, then process 500 turns back to step 510.Otherwise next execution in step 520.
In step 520, contents processing apparatus 110 comes to send message has reached impact damper 112 with notification server 140 alarm levels to server 140 according to the programmed instruction of using in 111 usually.
Next, in step 525, server 140 sends and contents processing apparatus 110 receives the message of removing impact damper 112.
Next, in step 530, contents processing apparatus 110 impels impact damper 112 to be eliminated according to application 111 and programmed instruction usually.
Next, in step 535, server 140 sends and contents processing apparatus 110 receives the information that allows stream decoders 113 to recover describedly from the removing of the impact damper 112 that forms about step 530 as mentioned.For example, in mpeg stream, known decoder expectation frame of video arrives successively, and further depends on the reception reference frame, and this reference frame is used for not only itself being decoded, and will depend on other frame decoding of this reference frame.Therefore, when impact damper 112 is eliminated, may need to stream decoder 113 provide reference frame information again in case allow not to user 102 experience serious, so that significantly continue Media Stream 127 decodings under the situation about disturbing.
Next, use 111 and determine whether Media Stream 127 has arrived its terminal point.If then process 500 finishes.Otherwise process 500 turns back to step 510.
Exemplary embodiment discussed in this article comprises based on network stream game services, and further discusses in the situation of stream video.Yet, embodiment can and expection will expand to remove to shorten delay time the also very favourable any Media Stream service of timely transmission of content.For example, Media Stream 127 can comprise rest image, data or the similar information of stock quotation machine information is provided.
About process as herein described, system, method, heuristic method (heuristics) etc., be understood that, though the step of this class process etc. is described as taking place according to certain sequence, can use according to except that order described herein other in proper order and the described step of execution is implemented this class process.It will also be appreciated that and to carry out some step simultaneously, can add other step, perhaps can omit some step as herein described.In other words, the purpose that the explanation of process is in some embodiment of explanation provides herein, never it should be interpreted as the described invention of restriction claim.
Therefore, it should be understood that above-mentioned illustration is an illustrative and nonrestrictive.When reading above-mentioned explanation, many embodiment except that providing example and application are conspicuous for a person skilled in the art.Should not determine scope of the present invention, but should determine scope of the present invention with reference to the gamut of equivalent of enclosing claims and be awarded the right of this type of claim with reference to above-mentioned explanation.Can expect and be intended that further development will take place in technology discussed in this article, and disclosed system and method will be merged among this type of following embodiment.In a word, it should be understood that the present invention can carry out various modifications and changes, and only limit by following claim.
Unless carry out opposite clearly indication herein, otherwise employed all terms intention is endowed its its common meaning of being understood of reasonable dismissal and those skilled in the art the most widely in claims.Especially, unless the restriction that claim is explicit in one's statement on the contrary, otherwise the use such as speech such as " one ", " being somebody's turn to do ", " described " should be read to quoting one or more indicated elements.
Claims (20)
1. method comprises:
Set up the capacity of impact damper;
Set up the alert threshold of described impact damper;
To be stored in the described impact damper from the frame of the Media Stream that receives;
When reaching described alert threshold, send alert message; And
In response to described alert message, receive clear instruction together with recovering information.
2. method according to claim 1 also comprises:
Carry out described clear instruction; And
After carrying out described clear instruction, use described recovering information with the Media Stream decoding that receives.
3. method according to claim 2 also comprises to media player decoded output is provided.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, described alert threshold is less than described capacity.
5. method according to claim 1 wherein, sends described alert message to server, and receives described clear instruction and described recovering information from described server.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the standard of Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) with described media stream formatsization.
7. method according to claim 1 wherein, receives described Media Stream via packet switching network.
8. method according to claim 1 visibly is included on the computer-readable medium as computer-readable instruction.
9. system comprises:
Computing equipment, it is receiving media stream optionally;
Impact damper, it is included in the described computing equipment, optionally stores the frame from described Media Stream, and described impact damper is configured to certain capacity; And
Programmed instruction, it is used for sending alert message and receives clear instruction in response to described alert message together with recovering information in described computing equipment when reaching described alert threshold.
10. system according to claim 9 also comprises:
Programmed instruction, it is used to carry out described clear instruction; And
Demoder, it uses described recovering information with the Media Stream decoding that receives after carrying out described clear instruction.
11. system according to claim 10 also comprises the media player that optionally receives decoded output from described demoder.
12. system according to claim 9, wherein, described alert threshold is less than described capacity.
13. system according to claim 9 also comprises the server that receives described alert message and send described clear instruction and described recovering information.
14. system according to claim 9, wherein, described Media Stream is according to the standard of Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and formatted.
15. system according to claim 9 also comprises the packet switching network that transmits described Media Stream.
16. a method comprises:
Set up the capacity of impact damper;
Set up the alert threshold of described impact damper, described alert threshold is less than described capacity;
To be stored in the described impact damper from the frame of the Media Stream that receives;
When reaching described alert threshold, send alert message;
Receive clear instruction in response to described alert message together with recovering information;
Carry out described clear instruction; And
After carrying out described clear instruction, use described recovering information with the Media Stream decoding that receives.
17. method according to claim 16 also comprises to media player decoded output is provided.
18. method according to claim 16 wherein, sends described alert message to server, and receives described clear instruction and described recovering information from described server.
19. method according to claim 16, wherein, according to the standard of Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) with described media stream formatsization.
20. method according to claim 16 visibly is included on the computer-readable medium as computer-readable instruction.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86027806P | 2006-11-21 | 2006-11-21 | |
| US60/860,278 | 2006-11-21 | ||
| US11/691,730 US8341282B2 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-03-27 | Hybrid buffer management |
| US11/691,730 | 2007-03-27 | ||
| PCT/US2007/084443 WO2008063964A1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-11-12 | Hybrid buffer management |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101611365A true CN101611365A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| CN101611365B CN101611365B (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200780042892XA Pending CN101606354A (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-11-12 | Buffer management based on priority |
| CN200780043185.2A Expired - Fee Related CN101611365B (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-11-12 | Hybrid buffer management |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200780042892XA Pending CN101606354A (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2007-11-12 | Buffer management based on priority |
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| CN (2) | CN101606354A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2653245C2 (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2018-05-07 | Самсунг Электроникс Ко., Лтд. | Apparatus and method for delivering and receiving multimedia data in a hybrid network |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050283535A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-22 | Michele Covell | Method and system for interactive control of media over a network |
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- 2007-11-12 CN CNA200780042892XA patent/CN101606354A/en active Pending
- 2007-11-12 CN CN200780043185.2A patent/CN101611365B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101606354A (en) | 2009-12-16 |
| CN101611365B (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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