CN101609458A - A kind of digital photo automatic space identification and indexing means - Google Patents
A kind of digital photo automatic space identification and indexing means Download PDFInfo
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- CN101609458A CN101609458A CNA2009100885926A CN200910088592A CN101609458A CN 101609458 A CN101609458 A CN 101609458A CN A2009100885926 A CNA2009100885926 A CN A2009100885926A CN 200910088592 A CN200910088592 A CN 200910088592A CN 101609458 A CN101609458 A CN 101609458A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the Spatial Information Technology field.The invention provides a kind of digital photo automatic space identification method, comprising: read digital picture p
iThe multimedia attribute data, comprise its shooting time T
iObtain the spatial position data W of atural object object F by GPS equipment
jWith the time attribute data, comprise its positioning time of T
jCalculate the alignment time δ of described GPS equipment
tIf | T
i+ δ
t-T
j|≤ε, then discern described digital picture and described atural object object is complementary, described spatial position data is write in the described multimedia attribute data, wherein ε presets adjustable parameter.Method of the present invention has realized that GPS position data and digital image information merge automatically; Simultaneously, be implemented under the GIS environment to digital picture and set up index and link method automatically based on the locus, realize under the GIS environment based on the digital picture attribute quick indexing of spatial object with inquire and browse function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Spatial Information Technology field, relate in particular to a kind of digital picture locus sign and indexing means towards agricultural resource environmental information digital collection management application.
Background technology
Agricultural resource environment digital collection administrative skill has become the traditional agriculture that impels resource consumption, environmental pollution and ecology fragility to the sustainable development agricultural of resources conservation, environmental friendliness, ecological protection gordian technique means of transition rapidly; simultaneously also being the key link in the precision agriculture technical system, is the precondition of implementing precision agriculture.In recent years, along with precision agriculture with " 3S " technology be the Spatial Information Technology of representative the fast-developing of agriculture field with use, the popularization that has been applied gradually of agricultural resource environmental information digital collection administrative skill.As all fully having used spatial information infotech means such as GPS, GIS and RS in the fields such as the soil investigation of filling a prescription based on the survey soil of GPS, the collection of farmland disease insect pest information, woods grass growth information monitoring and surveying.The attribute information of Geographic Information System management spatial object mainly is text and data message, and these attribute informations are used for to the qualitative description expression of spatial object with based on the quantitative expression of numerical value more.But, only far can not satisfy the real work needs to the description of spatial object toward contact based on text and numerical value, as in the collection in worksite crop disease and insect information process in the open air, literal and numerical information just can not certain crop disease and insect characteristic informations of comprehensive representation.How can be in generalized information system the lively more comprehensively attribute of expression of space object directly perceived become the new demand of agricultural resource environmental information digital collection management work.Along with multimedia technology is increasingly mature, some are used for soft hardware equipment such as digital camera, Digital Video etc. that multimedia messages obtains and have been widely used in every field such as production, scientific research and personal lifestyle, and cost performance progressively improves.This just makes that a large amount of capturing digital image information become possibility in the on-site data gathering process, and also the multimedia attribute data to GIS application system management spatial object propose new demand.Some scholars are integrating multimedia data in the GIS platform after deliberation, multi-medium data is stored in the media database of particular category, sets up related with spatial entities by relational database.
The many modes with hot link of the method for tradition Geographic Information System software administration digital photos are with direct rigid being associated with on a certain geographical space object of digital image information, digital picture and locus really can not be associated, lack dirigibility and be not easy to carry out between the different generalized information systems exchanges data.The major defect of this method is:
(1) digital photos collection, management and application are not combined as an entire flow, only pay close attention to and use in the Geographic Information System (GIS) software of digital photos and express, be not suitable for carrying out a large amount of digital photo files management;
(2) classic method is with the absolute path of the storage of digital photo files in the operating system file management link tie as incident space object vector and digital photos, when the change of the memory location of photo files can cause the relevant failure of this rigid appointment, lack dirigibility.
(3) traditional space vector object and digital photos Attribute Association mode be for the exchanges data difficulty between the different application systems, need could guarantee related validity under space vector file and the digital photo files situation that absolute store path is constant in new system.
Therefore, how that GPS, GIS and multimedia technology is integrated, research space multimedia information acquisition fusion method and technology, break traditions GIS in the managerial limitation of agricultural resource environmental data, the expansion generalized information system has the novelty meaning to the support of space vector data and multimedia attribute data for the efficient, accuracy, intuitive and the science that improve agriculture digital resource acquisition management.With regard to the precision agriculture meaning, the true value of the digital photos of a width of cloth collection in worksite is the clear accurate position that obtains this photo.Yet, set up the process that the locus label is a time and effort consuming to digital picture, handle field condition especially and gather in a large number under the digital photos situation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to realize a kind of digital picture locus indexing means, realize that GPS position data and digital image information merge automatically towards agricultural resource environmental information digital collection management application; Simultaneously, be implemented under the GIS environment to digital picture and set up index and link method automatically based on the locus, realize under the GIS environment based on the digital picture attribute quick indexing of spatial object with inquire and browse function.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of digital photo automatic space identification method, described method comprises:
S1: read digital picture p
iThe multimedia attribute data, described attribute data comprises its shooting time T
i
S2: the spatial position data W that obtains atural object object F by GPS equipment
jWith the time attribute data, described time attribute data comprise its positioning time of T
j
S3: the location alignment time δ that calculates described GPS equipment
t
S4: if | T
i+ δ
t-T
j|≤ε, then discern described digital picture and described atural object object is complementary, described spatial position data is write in the described multimedia attribute data, wherein ε presets adjustable parameter.
Wherein, described shooting time T
iBe stored in P
iIn the EXIF IFD label;
Wherein, described GPS equipment comprises the GPS receiver;
Wherein, described spatial position data is the longitude and latitude position coordinates (Lat of described atural object object
j, Lon
j);
Further, described step S3 realizes that by the registration photo that reads described GPS equipment described registration photo is for showing the photo of the described GPS equipment temporal information page;
Wherein, among the step S4, described spatial position data is written into P
iGPS IFD label section;
Further, step S3 comprises:
Read its shooting time T by described registration photo
cUTC time T with GPS equipment
u
With described UTC time T
uBe converted into local zone time T
l
Calculate the location alignment time δ of described GPS equipment
t=| T
l-T
c|.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of digital photos indexing means based on the locus, comprising:
Read in one group of digital image file P={p with locus sign
1, p
2... p
i..., p
n;
Read each digital image file p
iSpatial position data (Lat
j, Lon
j);
According to described spatial position data span vector point object F
i(Lat
i, Lon
i), constitute polar plot layer F;
Vector is put object F
i(Lat
i, Lon
i) pairing digital image file p
iRelative memory location write in the attribute information of described polar plot layer F.
Wherein, described spatial position data (Lat
j, Lon
j) be stored in P
iGPS IFD label section;
Wherein, described polar plot layer F can be converted to general Geographic Information System vector data file form or Html data layouts such as ESRI Shp file layout, MapInfoTab form.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention digital photos collection, space identification, quick indexing, hot link are expressed and link such as data-switching as a complete flow processing, realized space multi-medium data collection, locus identification index and method for interchanging data, broken through the limitation of traditional geographical information system management attribute data based on common digital camera and handhold GPS equipment;
(2) the present invention proposes digital photo automatic space identification method, improved the locus sign efficient of digital photos, be convenient to the management of a large amount of digital photos based on time threshold;
(3) the present invention proposes digital photos index and the hot link method based on the locus, realizes digital photos dynamic index and correlating method based on Geographic Information System, is not subjected to the restriction of digital photos memory location and mode;
(4) the present invention proposes the conversion method of space multi-medium data, the exchanges data of implementation space multimedia vector data and general Geographic Information System application software, and the acquisition management of being convenient to the space multi-medium data is with shared.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the spatial index mode of digital picture has been expanded the support of conventional GIS system to space vector data and multimedia attribute data, break the limitation in the data management, help improving efficient, accuracy, intuitive and the science of digital resource acquisition management.
(2) based on GPS, GIS and multimedia technology and field data collection method, space multimedia information acquisition fusion method and technology are proposed, break traditions GIS in the managerial limitation of agricultural resource environmental data, the expansion generalized information system has the novelty meaning to the support of space vector data and multimedia attribute data for the efficient, accuracy, intuitive and the science that improve agriculture digital resource acquisition management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of identification method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the digital photos with locus and time marking of an embodiment of identification method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of indexing means of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the indexed results synoptic diagram of an embodiment of indexing means of the present invention.
Embodiment
(Digital Still Camera, DSC) captured digital photos formatted file all adopts exchangeable image file format EXIF (Exchangeable Image Fileformat) to write down the attribute information of digital photograph to the commercialization digital camera.The EXIF file layout is based on existing image file format, and as compressed image form JPEG, non-compressed image form TIFF, digital camera is gathered EXIF information in real time when taking, and deposits in the file header of picture format such as JPEG.EXIF information is made up of one group of acquisition parameters, data such as the aperture when comprising digital camera brand and model, color-code, photography, shutter, flashlamp data, time on date.The present invention is directed to method that digital photos that digital camera takes carries out space identification and just be based on the thought of expansion EXIF attribute information, in digital photo files, write the spatial position data of coupling, realize space identification digital photos.
Defined some in the digital photos jpeg file head and be used for distinguishing mark (Marker) with recognition image data and other relevant information, generally formed by 8 major parts such as SOI, APP1, APPn, DQT, DHT, SOF, SOS, EOI.Can utilize the GPS IFD of IFD (Image File Directory) the storage of linked list structure in the APP1 mark to store longitude and latitude positional information and other relevant GPS information such as elevation, gps time.Comprise acquisition parameters information such as EXIF version, image setting, time on date, time shutter among the EXIF IFD.The locus that is used for the digital photos sign among the present invention program derives from the GPS receiver.UTC (UniversalTime Coordinated) time of all corresponding standard of any one active position output of GPS receiver.Common commercialization GPS receiver all provides the output of NMEA-0183 protocol statement, and GGA statement wherein, RMC statement etc. all comprise UTC time and longitude and latitude positional information.
Based on above-mentioned digital photo files form and gps data information, the present invention proposes the digital photos locus identification method based on the time tolerance threshold, now is described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
As shown in Figure 1, identification method of the present invention embodiment may further comprise the steps:
S101: the data of digital photos space identification are prepared;
More specifically,
S1011: read in the digital photos and the GPS record data (output statement of track points, track line or original NMEA protocol format) that need processing;
S1012: read in the photo that shows the GPS equipment temporal information page, hereinafter to be referred as the registration photo; The registration photo can be taken the interface acquisition that the GPS hand-held set shows the time by ordinary digital camera.
Particularly, from the registration photo files, read the photograph taking time T
c, simultaneously, obtain the GPS equipment UTC time T u that shows on the registration photo.U is converted to local zone time T with GPS equipment UTC time T
l, T
cAnd T
lDifference be alignment time δ
tWherein, the conversion between UTC time and the local zone time promptly is converted to by the time zone.
S102: the setting-up time threshold epsilon, as the photograph taking time of space atural object object and the coupling tolerance limit between positioning time, wherein, time threshold is an adjustable parameter; The established standards of time threshold is generally got the time interval that time threshold writes down greater than adjacent two track points at least by the time interval decision of position fixing process track points record.
S103: read a width of cloth digital photos and gps data (output statement of track points, track line or original NMEA protocol format), obtain the date temporal information T in the digital photos EXIF IFD label
l, this time value and GPS statement time value are compared, that satisfies the setting threshold condition thinks that then the match is successful.
More specifically:
If once read in m width of cloth digital photos, constitute digital photos set P, P={P
1, P
2... P
i..., P
m; Read in n destination (or track points, the n bar contains the NMEA protocol statement of position and UTC time), constitute destination set W, W={W
1, W
2... W
j..., W
n; The digital photos P that reads in for any width of cloth
i, read P
iShooting time T in the EXIF IFD label
iAnd T positioning time that reads in each destination among the set W
jWherein, all by the automatic record of GPS hand-held set, read by program described positioning time; If satisfy following condition:
|T
i+δ
t-T
j|≤ε
Then think digital photos P
iWith destination W
jBe photographic intelligence and position data at same atural object object F, can be with digital photos P
iAs the multimedia attribute data of atural object F, W
jAs the spatial position data of atural object object F, constitute a space atural object property set F (W
j, P
i).On this basis, with destination W
jLongitude and latitude position coordinates (Lat
j, Lon
j) and other GPS related datas (as elevation, PDOP, visible satellite number etc.) write P
iGPS IFD label section, finish digital photos P
iThe locus identification procedure, thereby the space multi-medium data that common digital picture is become have position attribution.As shown in Figure 2, the details such as destination object outdoor scene, date, time, longitude, dimension, elevation and coordinate system that comprise shooting have been shown among the figure; Digital photos through space identification not only has GPS position and time attribute information, also this position, temporal information can be presented on the photo files as label.
Digital photos through space identification has had the locus attribute, and simultaneously, this locus attribute also is the foundation of digital photos being carried out index and establishment space vector object.The feasible dynamic space index based on map vector of digital picture with locus attribute becomes possibility.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the specific embodiment process flow diagram of the locus indexing means of digital photos, comprise the set P that the n width of cloth has the digital photos of locus attribute, P={p for one
1, p
2... p
i..., p
n, read digital photos p
iEXIF GPS IFD label section obtains p
iPosition coordinates (Lat
i, Lon
i), generate a space vector point object F by this coordinate
i(Lat
i, Lon
i), particularly, utilize the object vector access interface function of GIS assembly directly to create and to form a space vector point object according to point coordinate.Thus, can read and generate a space vector point object set F, F={F to digital photos set P with space identification
1, F
2... F
i..., F
n; By F
nCan make up a polar plot layer, particularly, utilize the polar plot layer object accesses interface function of GIS assembly, create a polar plot layer, and each space vector point object-order that space vector is put in the object set write this figure layer; Layer properties information comprises link information and other GPS attributes and the digital photos attribute information that points to digital photos.The digital photo files of the some object's position property index correspondence by this polar plot layer realize dynamically associating of some object and digital photos, thereby realization is based on the digital picture locus index of map vector; Particularly, by reading digital photos store path in the polar plot layer point object properties, the method that reads is to utilize the polar plot layer object accesses interface function of GIS assembly to realize to the process that dynamically associates equally exactly.Read this digital image file and demonstration according to the path again, reach the effect that dynamically associates.Be illustrated in figure 4 as the indexed results of digital photos with locus sign.
Carry out exchanges data for the ease of polar plot layer and other Geographic Information System application software that will set up the locus index, carry out data-switching at digital photos span vector index figure layer, space vector key map layer can be converted to general Geographic Information System vector data file forms such as ESRI Shp file layout, MapInfo Tab form based on space identification.Simultaneously, consider generally to use and browse needs, the space vector key map that the present invention proposes this collection of digital photographs is converted to the Html data layout, is supported in demonstration and interactive browser under the MS internet explorer.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of digital photo automatic space identification method is characterized in that, comprising:
S1: read digital picture p
iThe multimedia attribute data, described attribute data comprises digital picture p
iShooting time T
i
S2: the spatial position data W that obtains atural object object F by GPS equipment
jWith the time attribute data, described time attribute data comprise its positioning time of T
j
S3: the alignment time δ that calculates described GPS equipment
t
S4: if | T
i+ δ
t-T
j|≤ε, then discern described digital picture and described atural object object is complementary, described spatial position data is write in the described multimedia attribute data, wherein ε presets adjustable parameter.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described shooting time T
iBe stored in P
iIn the EXIF IFD label.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described GPS equipment comprises the GPS receiver.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described spatial position data is the longitude and latitude position coordinates (Lat of described atural object object F
j, Lon
j).
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described step S3 realizes that by the registration photo that reads described GPS equipment described registration photo is for showing the photo of the described GPS equipment temporal information page.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, step S3 further comprises:
Read its shooting time T by described registration photo
cUTC time T with GPS equipment
u
With described UTC time T
uBe converted into local zone time T
l
Calculate the location alignment time δ of described GPS equipment
t=| T
l-T
c|.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, among the step S4, described spatial position data is write P
iGPS IFD label section.
8, a kind of digital photos indexing means based on the locus is characterized in that, comprising:
Read in one group of digital image file P={p with locus sign
1, p
2... p
i..., p
n;
Read each digital image file p
iSpatial position data (Lat
j, Lon
j);
According to described spatial position data span vector point object F
i(Lat
i, Lon
i), constitute polar plot layer F;
Vector is put object F
i(Lat
i, Lon
i) pairing digital image file p
iThe memory location write in the attribute information of described polar plot layer F.
9, method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described spatial position data (Lat
j, Lon
j) be stored in P
iGPS IFD label section.
10, method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described polar plot layer F can be converted to general Geographic Information System vector data file form or Html data layouts such as ESRI Shp file layout, MapInfo Tab form.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100885926A CN101609458B (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Digital photo automatic space identification and indexing method |
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| CN101609458B CN101609458B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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| CN104850547A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-19 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Image display method and image display device |
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Inventor after: Meng Zhijun Inventor after: Fu Weiqiang Inventor after: Xu Feijun Inventor after: Chen Liping Inventor before: Meng Zhijun Inventor before: Zhao Chunjiang Inventor before: Fu Weiqiang Inventor before: Xu Feijun Inventor before: Chen Liping |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: MENG ZHIJUN ZHAO CHUNJIANG FU WEIQIANG XU FEIJUN CHEN LIPING TO: MENG ZHIJUN FU WEIQIANG XU FEIJUN CHEN LIPING |
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