CN101605389A - Actual energy model in the wireless sensor network and power optimization control method - Google Patents
Actual energy model in the wireless sensor network and power optimization control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101605389A CN101605389A CNA2009100335057A CN200910033505A CN101605389A CN 101605389 A CN101605389 A CN 101605389A CN A2009100335057 A CNA2009100335057 A CN A2009100335057A CN 200910033505 A CN200910033505 A CN 200910033505A CN 101605389 A CN101605389 A CN 101605389A
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Abstract
The invention discloses actual energy model and power optimization control method in a kind of wireless sensor network, this energy model is based on the actual measurement data to Chipcon CC2420 wireless senser radio frequency receiver, and is representative.The derivation method at this class energy model that the present invention proposes is blanket.As long as provide the state-transition time of radio frequency receiver, transmission power level and energy consumption thereof, corresponding energy model just can derive out.In addition,, the present invention proposes power optimization control method and be and optimize transmit power level, reach minimum so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed based on this energy model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the energy model in a kind of wireless sensor network, actual energy model and power optimization control method in specifically a kind of wireless sensor network.
Background technology
In typical multi-hop wireless sensor network, be distributed in the network each node usually with convergence in the DRS that is positioned at network center.Under such topological structure, to transmit usually from from DRS packet far away from the nearer node of DRS, thereby consume more energy.It is uneven more that the enlarged meeting of the scope of whole network and node density causes the energy consumption of whole network in addition, thereby cause the decay of whole network life.In order to evaluate and optimize the life of wireless sensor network, need an in detail also model of accurate description node energy consumption.
The basic premise that improves network energy efficient is how the energy of describing each node accurately is consumed.Yet the most schemes that before are suggested all are based on Utopian node energy model.These node energy models are not the actual consumption situation that can describe energy accurately, and for example the transmitting power of node is assumed to be infinity.
For CC2420 current drain in the radio-frequency receiving-transmitting process, there is not the energy model of such sensor node sending and receiving device at present.This class sensor node has been equipped with a plurality of transmit power level, and the energy model of objective reality is typical IEEE 802.15.4 rf chip energy model.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides the actual energy model in a kind of wireless sensor network and the power optimization control method of wireless sensor network, the present invention is based on actual measurement data, proposed a kind of representative energy model the wireless senser radio frequency receiver.These node energy models can be described the actual consumption situation of energy accurately.The present invention has also proposed power optimization control method according to these node energy models, reaches minimum so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed.The present invention generally is suitable for this class energy model.
The objective of the invention is that sample by the following technical programs realizes:
Actual energy model in a kind of wireless sensor network is characterized in that: this actual energy model comprises the energy model of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal based on the whole process that successfully sends a packet in the LR-WPAN network;
The transmitting terminal energy consumption model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (1)
The receiving terminal energy consumption model is:
E
RX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (3)
Success transfer data packets and affirmation bag, its energy model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_TX(i)+E
TX_D(i，L
pack)
+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (4)
E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_RX(i)+E
RX_D(L
pack)
+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (5)
Packet transmits failure, and its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_SE(i)+E
Sense(T
timeout)+E
SE_TX(i)] (6)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_OSC+E
OSC(T
timeout)+E
OSC_RX] (7)
Confirm that bag transmits failure, its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_TX(i)] (8)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_RX(i)] (9)
A kind of power optimization control method of wireless sensor network is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A), determine needed optimum transmit power level according to concrete wireless communications environment and data packet length;
B) calculate the gross energy that transmitting terminal and receiving terminal consumed with formula (4)-(9);
C) utilize formula (1) and (3) to obtain transmitting terminal energy consumption E
TX(| Success) with receiving terminal energy consumption E
RX(| Success);
D) optimize transmit power level, reach minimum, obtain Poewr control method so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed.
In the present invention, the actual measurement data based on to Chipcon CC2420 wireless senser radio frequency receiver has proposed representative energy model.The derivation method at this class energy model that the present invention proposes is blanket.As long as provide the state-transition time of radio frequency receiver, transmission power level and energy consumption thereof, corresponding energy model just can derive out.In addition,, the present invention proposes power optimization control method and be and optimize transmit power level, reach minimum so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed based on this energy model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is CC2420 chip transmitting terminal current drain situation map when successfully sending a packet;
Fig. 2 is transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal mode of operation flow chart under three kinds of possibility situations;
Fig. 3 (a) is transmitting terminal is consumed when successfully transmitting a packet the gross energy and the graph of a relation of transmitting range;
Fig. 3 (b) is the energy consumption of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal under power control scheme, figure, wherein L
Pack=35 bytes, path attenuation index n=2.5;
Fig. 4 measures the measuring circuit figure that consumes to radio frequency chip CC2420.
Embodiment
1, the foundation of the energy consumption model of wireless sensor node
1, the energy consumption measurement circuit diagram of 1 radio frequency chip CC2420 transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, measurement result sees Table 1 to table 3.
Table 1: transmit power level and normalized current consumption
| Index i | Transmitted power P t(i)，dBm | Normalized current consumes I t(i)，mA | The current drain measurement refers to I t(i)，mA |
| 1 | -25 | 8.5 | 8.54 |
| 2 | -15 | 9.9 | 9.71 |
| 3 | -10 | 11.2 | 10.75 |
| 4 | -7 | 12.5 | 11.87 |
| 5 | -5 | 13.9 | 13.12 |
| 6 | -3 | 15.2 | 14.23 |
| 7 | -1 | 16.5 | 15.36 |
| 8 | 0 | 17.4 | 16.34 |
Table 2 chip transmitting terminal working mode change time and correlation energy consumption
| Working mode change | Change-over time (average) μ Seconds | Energy consumption (average) μ Joules |
| PD-Idle | 2279.2 | 1.87 |
| Idle-PD | 60.1 | 0.012 |
| RX-Idle | 712.4 | 3.45 |
| Idle-TX(0dBm) | 268.2 | 3.14 |
| Idle-TX(1dBm) | 269.3 | 3.09 |
| Idle-TX(-3dBm) | 267.9 | 2.98 |
| Idle-TX(-5dBm) | 264.5 | 2.79 |
| Idle-TX(-7dBm) | 261.7 | 2.67 |
| Idle-TX(-10dBm) | 260.9 | 2.61 |
| Idle-TX(-15dBm) | 254.8 | 2.54 |
| Idle-TX(-25dBm) | 247.9 | 2.35 |
| TX(0dBm)-RX | 257.4 | 6.12 |
| TX(-1dBm)-RX | 260.8 | 6.09 |
| TX(-3dBm)-RX | 265.4 | 6.04 |
| TX(-5dBm)-RX | 267.4 | 6.12 |
| TX(-7dBm)-RX | 270.4 | 6.01 |
| TX(-10dBm)-RX | 278.5 | 5.97 |
| TX(-15dBm)-RX | 268.5 | 5.89 |
| TX(-25dBm)-RX | 269.1 | 5.72 |
PD: " shut " mode" TX: sending mode RX: receiving mode Idle: idle pulley
Table 3 chip receiving terminal working mode change time and correlation energy consumption
| Working mode change | Change-over time (average) μ Seconds | Energy consumption (average) μ Joules |
| PD-Idle | 2279.2 | 1.98 |
| Idle-PD | 58.4 | 0.015 |
| Idle-RX | 856.6 | 5.95 |
| TX-Idle | N/A | N/A |
| RX-TX(0dBm) | 319.6 | 7.02 |
| RX-TX(-1dBm) | 302.1 | 6.85 |
| RX-TX(-3dBm) | 312.1 | 6.72 |
| RX-TX(-5dBm) | 306.8 | 5.94 |
| RX-TX(-7dBm) | 290.4 | 5.67 |
| RX-TX(-10dBm) | 263.1 | 5.02 |
| RX-TX(-15dBm) | 209.4 | 4.32 |
| RX-TX(-25dBm) | 193.2 | 3.87 |
1,2. energy theorem pushes over
Actual energy model in a kind of wireless sensor network, this actual energy model comprise the energy model of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal based on the whole process that successfully sends a packet in the LR-WPAN network.
According to the MAC agreement, we know will successfully send a packets need transmitting terminal is confirmed bag to the successful transmission and the receiving terminal of receiving terminal packet to transmitting terminal successful transmission.When bust this once, all should resend this packet or confirm bag.Therefore transmitting terminal and receiving terminal energy consumption model separately are:
The transmitting terminal energy consumption model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (1)
The receiving terminal energy consumption model is:
E
RX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (3)
Here, E
TX(| Success) and E
RX(| Success) represent successfully to send a packet transmitting terminal and receiving terminal energy needed.E
TX_F(| PF), E
RX_F(| PF), E
TX_F(| AF) and E
RX_F(| AF) E
TX_F(| PF), E
RX_F(| PF), E
TX_F(| AF) and E
RX_F(| AF) expression is under the situation of packet or the bust this of affirmation bag, and transmitting terminal and receiving terminal consume high energy.According to IEEE 802.15.4 standard and CC2420 chip specification
L
pack＝8×(11+L
addr+L
data)bits (2)
Address field L
Addr=4 to 20bytes, variable length data load L
Data=15 to 133bytes
The i here represents that power stage or receiving terminal that transmitting terminal sends packet send the power stage of confirming bag, and as shown in Figure 1, transmit power levels is from 0dBm to-25dBm.More than two energy model formula radio channel characteristic is turned to index path attenuation model (exponent path loss model).The signal power that receiving terminal received has been taken all factors into consideration signal transmission distance, the design technology of low-speed wireless territory net (LR-WPAN) modulation system and CC2420 receiving terminal.
The present invention has measured the current drain of LR-WPAN chip CC2420, and Fig. 1 has drawn out the measurement result when transmitting terminal sends the individual data bag.What the top of this Fig. 1 was described is that this radio frequency chip sends whole working mode change figure from start to end.Wherein, TX represents packet transmit status (Transmit), and RX represents packet accepting state (Receive), and Idle represents idle condition, and PD represents closed condition (Power Down).The current drain of this radio frequency chip under each steady operation pattern and translative mode described by Fig. 1 central authorities.8 different curves are arranged among this figure, and they have been represented from 0dBm to-transmit power levels that 25dBm is different.The bottom of this figure has provided the sequential chart of transmitting terminal.By shown in Figure 1, the mode switch from TX to RX needs 12 symbol periods.The sequential chart of Start of FrameDelimiter (SFD) signal also provides in the drawings simultaneously, and this SFD signal is used for triggering measures and make whole measuring process and the synchronization of chip operation process.In order to calculate the energy consumption of the whole process chip of successfully giving out a contract for a project, the energy consumption under steady operation pattern and the transformation working pattern all should be taken into account.According to the chip operation mode switch figure of Fig. 2, can get successful transfer data packets and confirm the bag energy model.The present invention is based on the whole process that successfully sends a packet in the wireless sensor network, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal have all been provided energy model.
Situation one: successful transfer data packets and affirmation bag.In order successfully to transmit a packet, transmitting terminal need be finished workflow shown in Figure 2.The probability of happening of this situation is based on the decision of multiple factor, i.e. transmitted power i, transmitting range d, data packet length L
PackWith affirmation packet length L
ACKTherefore, its energy model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_TX(i)+E
TX_D(i，L
pack)
+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (4)
E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_RX(i)+E
RX_D(L
pack)
+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (5)
Here, E
PD_IDLE, E
IDLE_TX(), E
TX_RX(), E
RX_IDLE, E
TX_IDLE, E
IDLE_PDBe to be illustrated respectively under the mode of operation not of the same race to change the energy that is consumed.E
TX_D(), E
RX_A(), E
TX_A(), E
RX_D() is to be illustrated respectively in the energy that sends or accept packet and confirm to be consumed under the pattern of bag.
Situation two: packet transmits failure.In this case, receiving terminal is failed correct reception packet.According to the MAC agreement of a low-speed wireless territory net (LR-WPAN), this moment, receiving terminal will be idle and can not send and confirm bag.Transmitting terminal is with monitor channel continuous idle T simultaneously
Timeout, resend packet then.Therefore, its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_SE(i)+E
Sense(T
timeout)+E
SE_TX(i)] (6)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_OSC+E
OSC(T
timeout)+E
OSC_RX] (7)
N
PF() expression packet sends wrong number of times, E
TX_SE(), E
SE_TX(), E
RX_OSC(), E
OSC_RX() is to be illustrated respectively under the mode of operation not of the same race to change the energy that is consumed.E
Sense(), E
OSC() is illustrated in T
TimeoutThe energy that time period consumed.
Situation three: confirm that bag transmits failure.In this case, after receiving terminal is correctly accepted packet, send to confirm bag, but transmitting terminal is failed correct confirmation of receipt bag.Therefore, its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_TX(i)] (8)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_RX(i)] (9)
2, the power optimization controlling schemes of wireless sensor network
According to concrete wireless communications environment and data packet length, determine parameters needed; Calculate the gross energy that transmitting terminal and receiving terminal consumed with formula (4)-(9); Utilize formula (1) and (3) to obtain transmitting terminal energy consumption E
TX(| Success) with receiving terminal energy consumption E
RX(| Success); Optimize transmit power level, reach minimum, obtain Poewr control method so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed.
Fig. 3 (a) has described when path attenuation index path loss exponent n=4 and packet length are 35 bytes, and transmitting terminal successfully sends an energy that packet consumed with different transmit power level.As seen from the figure, when transmitting range increased, the index that has caused re-transmission and energy consumption rose because the index of Packet Error Ratio rises.Here the power optimization controlling schemes that is proposed is to optimize transmit power level, reaches minimum so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed.Therefore, Fig. 3 (b) has described the least energy by utilizing power control scheme transmitting terminal and receiving terminal to be consumed.
In the present invention, the actual measurement data based on to Chipcon CC2420 wireless senser radio frequency receiver has proposed representative energy model.The derivation method at this class energy model that the present invention proposes is blanket.As long as provide the state-transition time of radio frequency receiver, transmission power level and energy consumption thereof, corresponding energy model just can derive out.In addition,, the present invention proposes power optimization control method and be and optimize transmit power level, reach minimum so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed based on this energy model.
Claims (2)
1, the actual energy model in a kind of wireless sensor network is characterized in that: this actual energy model comprises the energy model of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal based on the whole process that successfully sends a packet in the LR-WPAN network;
The transmitting terminal energy consumption model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (1)
The receiving terminal energy consumption model is:
E
RX(i，d，L
pack)＝E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)+
E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)+E
RX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF) (3)
In the formula, E
TX(| Success) and E
RX(| Success) represent successfully to send a packet transmitting terminal and receiving terminal energy needed.E
TX_F(·|PF)，E
RX_F(·|PF)，E
TX_F(·|AF)and E
RX_F(·|AF)
E
TX_F(| PF), E
RX_F(| PF), E
TX_F(| AF) and E
RX_F(| AF) expression is under the situation of packet or the bust this of affirmation bag, and transmitting terminal and receiving terminal consume high energy.
Success transfer data packets and affirmation bag, its energy model is:
E
TX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_TX(i)+E
TX_D(i，L
pack)
+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (4)
E
RX(i，d，L
pack|Success)＝E
PD_IDLE+E
IDLE_RX(i)+E
RX_D(L
pack)
+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_IDLE+E
IDLE_PD (5)
Packet transmits failure, and its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_SE(i)+E
Sense(T
timeout)+E
SE_TX(i)] (6)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|PF)＝N
PF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_OSC+E
OSC(T
timeout)+E
OSC_RX] (7)
Confirm that bag transmits failure, its energy model is:
E
TX_F(i，d，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
TX_D(i，L
pack)+E
TX_RX(i)+E
RX_A(L
ACK)+E
RX_TX(i)] (8)
E
RX_F(i，L
pack|AF)＝N
AF(i，d，L
pack)×
[E
RX_D(L
pack)+E
RX_TX(i)+E
TX_A(i，L
ACK)+E
TX_RX(i)] (9)
2, a kind of power optimization control method of wireless sensor network is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A), determine needed optimum transmit power level according to concrete wireless communications environment and data packet length;
B) calculate the gross energy that transmitting terminal and receiving terminal consumed with formula (4)-(9);
C) utilize formula (1) and (3) to obtain transmitting terminal energy consumption E
TX(| Success) with receiving terminal energy consumption E
RX(| Success);
D) optimize transmit power level, reach minimum, obtain Poewr control method so that successfully send the energy that a bag consumed.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102594747A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Moving horizon Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation method for wireless sensor network with SNR constraint |
| CN103475426A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Adaptive power control method and adaptive power control system applicable to underwater acoustic communication network |
| CN107770803A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | A kind of energy evaluation method and system |
-
2009
- 2009-06-22 CN CNA2009100335057A patent/CN101605389A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102594747A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Moving horizon Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation method for wireless sensor network with SNR constraint |
| CN102594747B (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2014-10-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Moving horizon Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation method for wireless sensor network with SNR constraint |
| CN103475426A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Adaptive power control method and adaptive power control system applicable to underwater acoustic communication network |
| CN103475426B (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of adaptive power control method and system being applicable to underwater sound communication network |
| CN107770803A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | A kind of energy evaluation method and system |
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Open date: 20091216 |