CN101600271B - Flat heating element - Google Patents
Flat heating element Download PDFInfo
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- CN101600271B CN101600271B CN2009101269387A CN200910126938A CN101600271B CN 101600271 B CN101600271 B CN 101600271B CN 2009101269387 A CN2009101269387 A CN 2009101269387A CN 200910126938 A CN200910126938 A CN 200910126938A CN 101600271 B CN101600271 B CN 101600271B
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- cable
- conductor cable
- heating element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
Abstract
The invention relates to a heating element (20), in particular for heating user contact surfaces of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, comprising at least one heating area (100) wherein at least one electric conductor strand (1), which is used to heat, is arranged, at least one additional conductor strand (2) which is used to feed electric energy into at least one conductor strand (1) which is used to heat the heating area (100), at least one contact area (200) wherein the conductor strand (2), which is used to feed electric energy, is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the at least one conductor strand (1) which is used to heat the heating area (100).; According to the invention, at least one additional conductor (3) which forms at least one part of an electrically bridging line which bridges the failure point on a failure point during local failures of at least one of the conductor strands (1, 2), is provided.
Description
This case be that March 4, application number in 2005 are 200580007460.6 the applying date, denomination of invention divides an application for the patent application of " flat heating element ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flat heating element, be particularly useful for the heating of the face that contacts with the user in the passenger accommodation of motor vehicle, it has: at least one thermal treatment zone is provided with the electrical conductor cable that at least one is used to heat in this thermal treatment zone; At least another conductor cable is used for said at least one conductor cable with this thermal treatment zone of electric energy feed-in heating; A contacting zone, in this contacting zone, the conductor cable that is used for the feed-in electric energy is connected with said at least one conductor cable conduction ground that is used to heat this thermal treatment zone.
Background technology
Disclose the flat heating element with two or more contact conductors, these contact conductors connect through a plurality of heater conductions ground each other.These heaters and/or contact conductor for example can by copper or by other conductor material suitable, that have enough conductivity forms and can be in case of necessity through exterior insulation shielding and/or reinforcement.But the conductor of being made up of copper at least in part only can bear limited mechanical load, the damage that is caused by fatigue of materials and/or material fracture consequently after the use of long duration, can occur.This mainly is the undercapacity of the anti-alternating bending of copper product.The fracture of contact conductor and/or heater can appear in this heating element.On fracture location, form opening circuit of feed in the case.Heating element can not be worked in the zone that no longer can flow through electric current at least again.
Disclose by DE 41 01 290, a plurality of heaters are connected with a plurality of conductor contact points that contact, left redundancy under the situation with the indivedual conductors against damage of box lunch.But have some such applicable cases, the described heating element of the document is always firm inadequately and reliable therein.
Disclose, silver-plated to conductor made of copper, prevent corrosion to protect it.If but hole is not silver-plated hermetically, then copper also can be etched.Silver is along with the time will be diffused in the copper in addition.Formed a boundary layer of being done by the Ag-Cu alloy thus, it is highly brittle.Breaking of this boundary layer formed initial crack, and this is dangerous to conductor equally.
In order to eliminate this problem, can use so-called armoury wire, wherein electric conductor is provided with steel core, and it has the copper jacket layer.The armoury wire of being made up of skin and a kind of core that contains the precious metal material work of platinum work is disclosed by DE 38 32 342 C1.This core can confirm like flexible, anti-disconnected and tensile strength and anti-reversed bending strength according to several criteria, and is outer then can be optimised on required electrical property.
A kind of armoury wire that the core of being done by stainless steel wire reaches the jacket layer of being done by copper that has is disclosed by DE196 38 372 A1.At last in DE 102 06 336 A1, the armoury wire that a kind of jacket layer is formed from steel and core is made of copper or selectively processes has conversely been described.
The major defect of these material known combinations is that armoury wire has high relatively cost and only limited corrosion resistance.Though copper outer for most of application scenarios can be enough conduction current well, can not be enough corrosion-resistant well for some application.
Disclose a kind of heater by JP 2001-217058, wherein a plurality of carbon fibers are wrapped up by a bellows.But this structure is not very anti-fracture.
Some definition
Main terms in this specification below will be described:
One " cable " is a microscler body (Strang), and its length dimension is considerably beyond its cross sectional dimensions.Two dimensions of preferred its cross section have roughly the same size.Preferred this body is flexible resilience, but be in one solid-state in.
Here (filamentartig) be interpreted as for " thread ": by the object of such address by a short fiber or long fibre constitutes or be made up of monofilament or multifilament threads.
" conductor cable " is a kind of cable (Leiterstrang), in this cable, extending one, the electric conductor of a plurality of perhaps multifibres shapes, and be preferred basically along the longitudinal extension of this cable.A conductor cable itself can be made up of a plurality of conductor cables.
One " jacket layer " is a layer (Mantelschicht), and it is wrapped in a cable directly or indirectly at least in part, but is not necessarily for being wrapped in the outermost layer of cable.
" plastics " be any synthetic, in nature non-existent material, especially polymer and the material such as the carbon fiber of deriving by its.
" heat-resisting " means, related material its shape and intensity is maximum changes unimportantly in daily variations in temperature, and this material keeps chemically stable and keeps and states of matter identical in the standard environment condition.
" chemically torpescence " expression is an inertia, that is, both made under the effect of corrosive substance also not changed by the object of calling like this, under the material effect as sweat, carbonic acid or tartaric acid, does not change at least.
" metallization " is interpreted as being provided with metal coating, for example through electroplating or sputter.
" seat surface " is the large-area zone line of the supporting surface at a seat (Sitzspiegel), and it is determined the buttocks that is used to support the user.
" backrest " is the large-area zone line of the supporting surface at a seat, and it is determined the back that is used to support the user.
" seat sidepiece " be normally supporting surface, that leave seat surface and common vertical lateral areas section of giving prominence to some (Sitzwangen), and it is determined and is used for especially lateral support user when negotiation of bends.Here both represented for this notion that seat surface next door was used to support the sidepiece of thigh, represented also that being used on the backrest supported the sidepiece of user's shoulder.
Be interpreted as for " other type ", two objects are realizing that for technical functionality being is different each other aspect the important and/or basic characteristic at least.Refer in particular to all characteristics of electrical conductor cable, they relate to load capacity basically, working life, and material is selected, combination of materials, shape of cross section-structure and cross sectional dimensions, introducing and contacting in the heating element.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of heating element is provided, it has enough lasting load capacity, corrosion resistance and can advantageously be made by cost.
The technical scheme of claim 1,2 and 3 provides three effectively to guarantee possibility to this task.
The technical scheme of claim 1 especially can be protected to the inefficacy of single conductor.The conductor that the technical scheme of claim 2 is traditional relatively has the mechanical load ability of raising.The technical scheme of claim 3 is turn-offed single heating element when dangerous.
The technical scheme of claim 9 has additional insurance through the replacement configuration of an extra conductor.
Described extra conductor and added a contacting form that conforms with purpose between heating fabric/heater according to the heating element of claim 10, it can obtain additional fault insurance and load-bearing capacity with the characteristic of claim 11.
Have enough contact-making surfaces at the conductor cable that is used to heat and on a plurality of distributing points between the conductor cable of the electric current that is used to feed on the one hand according to the heating element of claim 12; Being installed in of an extra conductor constitutes a network in this zone on the other hand, and this network is the electric current between the bypass mesh simply when single conductor break.
In heating element according to claim 13, make that to come the contacting extra conductor to become through power lead unnecessary, the installation of heating element is simplified significantly.
Heating element according to claim 14,15 or 16 has firm especially conductor cable.
Heating element according to claim 17,22 and 24 has a plurality of extremely thin uniconductors, and they have a big surface area and a low resistance together, although the major part of the cross section of this cable is made up of non-conductive (plastics) material.
The characteristics of the heating element of claim 18 are under low material cost situation, to have high load capacity.The characteristic of claim 19,20 and 21 makes the conductor cable of heating element have additional corrosion resistance.
The insurance function that can realize adding according to the heating element of claim 23 and the simple installation of heating element.
Heating element according to claim 25 has such conductor cable, although they have a plurality of single-cables, can constitute compact structure and have low heat and transmit resistance.
Heating element according to claim 26 has the conductor for the respective electrical function optimization.
Heating element according to claim 27 can be installed simply because the conductor cable of be used to feed electric energy and/or conductor cable that is used to heat and/or extra conductor can for example be pre-formed as simply strip material or continuously part and for example only needs pressed again.
The advantage that has according to the heating element of claim 28 is, the safeguard measure that on the border between a seat surface and the seat sidepiece, need not take to take a lot of trouble is used to make conductor cable to pass borderline region (so-called ditch transition).Even the conductor cable that is used to heat man-hour in further adding of heating element also will run into the pin of sewing, for example select to have guaranteed the power supply of seat sidepiece here through the material of extra conductor or conductor cable.
Heating element according to claim 32 can turn-off especially reliably, because open circuit-and conductor cable 4 can early lose efficacy than conductor cable to be protected 1,2 reliably.
Other favourable configuration of the present invention can be by obtaining in claims and the following description to accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Preferred embodiment according to flat heating element of the present invention below will be described.Accompanying drawing is represented:
Fig. 1: the vertical view of a flat heating element,
Fig. 2: according to the summary enlarged drawing of fracture location local A among Fig. 1, an electrode that constitutes by litzendraht wire,
Fig. 3: the amplification plan view of the part in a contacting zone,
Fig. 4: the cross-sectional view of the amplification of an electrical conductor cable,
Fig. 5: the zoomed-in view of the whole wire harness of a conductor cable,
Fig. 6: an alternative of Fig. 1 form of implementation,
Fig. 7: the vertical view of another form of implementation.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 representes an electrical heating elements 20, and it has a face carrier 8, pair of electrodes 30, and this is spaced apart from each other to electrode and is located at each other on the carrier and on a plurality of contactings zone 200 almost parallel and interconnects through a plurality of heaters 40.Heater 40 roughly is arranged on the carrier 8 in parallel with each other and is electrically connected parallelly connectedly.These electrodes 30 are connected with a power supply 70 through electrical connecting wire 50 itself.Heater 40 is made up of some conductor cables 1 that are used to heat this heating element, preferably is made up of the plastics silk of carbonization.Electrode 30 is made up of some conductor cables 2 that are used for electric energy feed-in heating element 20, preferably is made up of the twisted wire of copper.
Electric current is flow in a plurality of heaters 40 through connecting a lead 6 and a said electrode 30 by power supply at work.The heat of these heaters makes heating region 100 heating.Electric current is back to power supply again through another electrode 30 and connection lead 6 therefrom again.At this, when operating voltage is 12V the current strength of heating current for example 4 and 5A between.
A zoomed-in view of the intersection region of expression electrode 30 and some heaters 40 among Fig. 2.It expresses a breaking portion of some conductor cables 2 of electrode 30.Lead rupture part shown in Fig. 2 will cause the partial failure of the outage part of flat heating element 20.
For fear of this situation, extra conductor 3 is electrically connected these end section 36,37 of an electrode 30 each other and with electrode 30 spacing is arranged in addition in the form of implementation of Fig. 1, so that do not receive identical load.
Fig. 3 representes a form of implementation of heating element, and wherein extra conductor 3 replaces parallel with the conductor cable 2 of electrode 30 and extends in circuitously in the contacting zone 200.Here, extra conductor 3 fastnesses than the conductor cable that is used for the feed-in electric energy 2 exceed some orders of magnitude.If all conductor cables 2 lost efficacy, extra conductor 3 is still remained valid owing to its higher mechanical load ability.Then the cross-over connection section 42 that between it, constitutes through a plurality of a little 33 feed-ins of feeding of the conductor cable of these before fracture location 2 is to extra conductor 3 for electric current, and these cross-over connection sections are made up of the short section of heater 40.Electric current flows in the extra conductor 3 therefrom.Stride across the fracture location after-current be assigned on the cross-over connection section 42 that is positioned at fracture location back again and the part of breaking off of conductor cable 2 by breaking portion on.
In this form of implementation, extra conductor 3 can be combined in contact electrode through the manufacturing approach that is used for contact electrode 30 so far.For this reason, the preferred uninsulated twisted wire of these conductor cable 2-so far of contact electrode 30-one or morely when it is made, replace by the conductor cable 3a of extra conductor 3.
The raising of load capacity when the layout of the meander-shaped of each conductor cable 3a of extra conductor helps extra conductor on it is vertical, to receive tension stress.
No matter be that electrode 30 or heater 40 and extra conductor 3 have the conductor cable 1,2,3 that is provided with plastic core and gold-silver coating or nickel wire, as supplementary protection.At this, these heaters are provided with the noble coatings thinner than electrode conductor for its resistance of corresponding raising.
Fig. 4 representes a cross section according to electrical conductor cable 10 of the present invention, and this conductor cable has a core of being done by plastics and reaches a jacket of being processed by noble metal.
Electric conductor 10 comprises one by a kind of flexible, anti-fracture and heat-resisting plastics, especially thermoplastic plastics, the thread interior cable 12 especially processed by polyamide, and the very anti-fracture of polyamide, tension are disconnected and heat-resisting.The core 12 of wire is wrapped in by a jacket 14 of being processed by nickel, gold, silver or gold-silver alloy, and it especially can apply through plating mode.Jacket 14 is the very anti-alternating bendings on a long run duration thus that reach that ductility is arranged very much.Core 12 be very anti-fracture and can bear the alternating bending load, make electric conductor 10 have desirable mechanical property and extraordinary electrical characteristics, for example be suitable for and make electric heating conductor etc.
Core diameter can be between about 0.01mm and about 1mm, and is about 0.02 to 3mm for jacket 14 suitable diameters.It is also conceivable that the cross-sectional area of interior cable 12 and jacket layer 14 has the ratio between 1: 4 and 10: 1, the cross-sectional area that preferred interior cable 12 and jacket layer 14 have same size.
Depend on the needs, the cross-sectional area of core 12 can be greater than or less than the cross-sectional area of overcoat 14.In a conductor 10 that stands strong especially mechanical load, reasonably for example can for: core diameter is selected more greatly, so that get rid of the fracture or the damage of conductor 10 or metal-coating 14 reliably.
The single-cable 16 of a plurality of electrical conductor cable 10 forms corresponding to Fig. 4 can be used favourable mode, as illustrated in fig. 5, is reversed into a wire harness 17 or one and twists thread.For example can twist with the fingers into a line, can twist with the fingers into a total wire harness 19 again by a plurality of such lines by 30 to 50 single-cables 16.Can constitute a conductor cable with a plurality of single-cables thus, it can be sewed without a doubt.If this conductor cable is passed by a pin, only be that some single silks are damaged, and can the influence of being worth mentioning do not arranged the general function of total wire harness of conductor cable or electrical characteristics or mechanical property.In addition, can not cause mechanical breaking, because this line is very anti-fracture through the fixing of a sewing thread.
Can an additional insulating barrier or bond layer (not shown) be set around jacket layer 14 in case of necessity, this layer preferably is made up of plastics.
Electrical conductor cable 10 or the total wire harness 19 that is made up of a plurality of twisted electrical conductor cables 10 are fit to constitute electrical heating elements, are particularly useful for being installed in motor vehicle seat or the steering wheel.At this, it can be set up as electrode and/or as heater.
Can consider that also extra conductor 3 is combined in the electrode 3 and preferably between the end section 36,37 of contact electrode 3, is insulated at least and/or be spaced.
Especially can consider that feed these conductor cables 2 of electric energy of the band that extra conductor 3 is configured to conduct electricity and being used to are fixed above that.This band for example can be the braid of being made up of electrical conductor cable, metallic film, metalized fibers net (as copper-plated, zinc-plated), knotwork and/or knitted fabric.It should have the sheet resistance below 5m Ω/.Conductor cable 2 for example can be sewed on or sewed up.
Can consider that in addition these end section of at least one contact electrode 3 connect through an electric extra conductor 3 each other in an electrically conductively.
Fig. 6 representes to have the heating element 20 of a carrier 8, is provided with the heater 40 that covers heating region 100 basically fully above that.This heater 40 is made up of a conductor cable 1, total wire harness 17 of preferably being made up of a plurality of uniconductor cables.On each of its two ends, each is connected heater 40 lead 50 with one and forms the conduction connection in a contact zone 200, preferably be retracted.In this embodiment, it is identical with the conductor cable 2 and the connection lead 6 of the electric energy that is used to feed to connect lead 50.In this embodiment, electric current is through connecting an end of lead 50 feed-in heaters 40; It flows through the whole length of this heater 40 and heats this thermal treatment zone 100 thus; Then it leads telegram in reply source through connecting lead 50 through the other end of heater 40 again on contact zone 200.
Fig. 7 represent one with Fig. 1 in similar basically heating element.Spacing ground and almost parallel are also arranged each other be provided with pair of electrodes 30 here on a face carrier 8.They are connected to each other through a plurality of heaters 40 on contacting zone 200.But be not provided with the extra conductor 3 that is used for cross-over electrode 30 here.Replace it be extend in electrode 30 next doors each one open circuit-conductor cable 4.This opens circuit-and conductor cable can reach circuitously with electrode 3 and extend on the same face side of carrier 8.But, on it also can be preferably straight line as among this embodiment and being positioned at of being arranged in face carrier 8 and the electrode opposite surfaces side.It is being connected with electrode 30 conductions on a contact site 55 on the one end thereof.It is being connected with a power supply 70 through a connection lead 50 on a connecting portion 57 on its other end.In principle each heating element with one open circuit-conductor cable 4 is just much of that.But each of two electrodes 30 is provided with oneself opens circuit-conductor cable 4 in the present embodiment.
Open circuit-conductor cable 4 reaches through its anti-mechanism ability force rate electrode 30 of autotelic material/cross sectional configuration little through its straight line on the one hand.If electrode receives excessive mechanical load at work now, it is early more disconnected than electrode 30 then to be arranged on opening circuit in the same mechanical load zone-conductor cable 4.When open circuit-conductor cable 4 is damaged or when having broken off, through open circuit-series circuit of conductor cable 4 and electrode 30 makes heating element 20 reduce ground or fully no longer is heated.Can get rid of the formation that electrode breaks off burn point on the position in this way.
To open circuit-conductor cable 4 additionally or alternatively, another can be set open circuit-conductor cable 4 '.It is not heated electric current and flows through in the present embodiment.It only is along at least one electrode 30, in this embodiment along two arrangement of electrodes.Their end is connected on the monitoring device 80.Can consider in addition, open circuit-add a temperature sensor 90 in the galvanic circle of conductor cable 4 '.The resistance of the resistance of this temperature sensor and opening circuit-conductor cable 4 ' is preferably inequality on the order of magnitude each other.For example the characteristic curve as the NTC (negative temperature coefficient unit) of temperature sensor use will remain unchanged thus.
At work, monitoring device 80 is monitored the temperature of heating element and is suitably regulated the electric current through heating element 20 by temperature sensor 90.If open circuit-and conductor cable 4 ' damages by the excess load of machinery or breaks off, and then monitoring device 80 will record and open circuit-rising of the galvanic circle resistance of conductor cable 4 ', and this resistance increases along with the increase of damaged condition.It is inferred and opens circuit-damage of conductor cable 4 ' and/or temperature sensor thus.Under both of these case, monitoring device 80 all will make heating element turn-off fully.
Conform with the destination, open circuit-conductor cable 4,4 ' can have a plurality of cables.If single cable fails, this will cause opening circuit-the increasing of the resistance of conductor cable 4,4 '.This can detect through a monitoring device 80 equally.Can provide a precaution alarm thus.In addition, heating element itself side by side is supplied to a magnitude of current that reduce, not too critical.
Importantly, open circuit-conductor cable 4,4 ' insulate with electrode on a section to be monitored at least reliably.Otherwise the short circuit meeting between the two makes the position of a damage again by cross-over connection.
REFERENCE NUMBER LIST
1 conductor cable 14 jacket layer that are used to heat
2 be used to feed electric energy conductor cable 16 single-cables
3 extra conductor, 17 cable bundles
4,4 ' opens circuit-conductor cable 20 electrical heating elements
Edge 30 electrodes of 5 thermals treatment zone
6 connect lead 36,37 end section
8 carriers, 40 heaters
10 electrical conductor cables, 42 cross-over connection sections
70 power supplys, 55 contacts site
80 monitoring devices, 57 connecting portions
90 temperature sensors, 100 thermals treatment zone
200 contactings zone
Claims (86)
1. heating element (20) is used for the heating of the face that contacts with the user of the passenger accommodation of motor vehicle, and it has:
-at least one thermal treatment zone (100) is provided with at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) in this thermal treatment zone;
The conductor cable (2) of-at least one electric energy of feeding is used for said at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) with electric energy feed-in this thermal treatment zone of heating (100);
-one contacting zone (200), in this contacting zone, the conductor cable (2) of the electric energy that is used to feed is connected with said at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) conduction ground,
It is characterized in that: be provided with at least one extra conductor (3), it constitutes at least a portion of the electric cross-over connection lead of this failure site of cross-over connection on a failure site when at least one partial failure of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed.
2. according to the electrical heating elements (20) of claim 1; It is characterized in that: be provided with at least one electrical conductor cable (10); Wherein said at least one electrical conductor cable has at least one thread interior cable (12) and at least one wraps up the jacket layer (14) of cable (12) in this at least in part; Reach this jacket layer (14) and conduct electricity, wherein, said electrical conductor cable can be set to be used to feed the conductor cable of electric energy or the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat.
3. according to the heating element (20) of claim 1; It is characterized in that: be provided with at least one electrically heated thermal treatment zone (100) and electrical conductor cable that at least one is used to heat, this at least one electrical conductor cable that is used for heating is set for and is arranged in the zone that receives mechanical load at least in part; And heating element (20) has at least one and opens circuit-conductor cable (4,4 '), and its mechanical stability causes the shutoff of heating element (20) than the little of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and its inefficacy.
4. according to the heating element (20) of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said mechanical stability is tensile strength and/or anti-reversed bending strength.
5. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: this heating element (20) has and a plurality ofly is used to heat and/or the conductor cable (1 of the electric energy of feeding; 2); They each other almost parallel extend ground and arrange, they are electrically connected with the conductor cable (1,2) of at least one other type in contacting zone (200); At least the edge (5) of (100) extends and is electrically connected with said at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) there the conductor cable (2) of said at least one electric energy that is used to feed along the thermal treatment zone on section ground.
6. according to the heating element of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said a plurality of be used to heat and/or the conductor cable of the electric energy of feeding each other almost parallel extend ground and arrange circuitously.
7. according to the heating element of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said a plurality of be used for heating and/or the conductor cable of the electric energy of feeding the conductor cable (1,2) with a plurality of other types is electrically connected in contacting zone (200).
8. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: this heating element (20) has and is less than 6 electrical conductor cables that are used to heat (1); The said electrical conductor cable that is used for heating (1) is disposed in a thermal treatment zone (100) with repeatedly changing direction; Two ends of the said electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) each in the end of a position and the other electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) by bunchy combine.
9. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: this heating element (20) has and is less than 3 electrical conductor cables that are used to heat (1).
10. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: this heating element (20) has and is merely 1 electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1).
11. heating element according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: two ends of the said electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) respectively are connected lead (50) with a power lead (6) and/or one a utmost point is connected.
12. according to each heating element (20) in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: at least one extra conductor (3) is at least generally continued to use in the electrical conductor cable of a heating layout with the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used for feeding; It with the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat or the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed at least two positions that are spaced apart from each other at least indirectly electric contact connect.
13. according to each heating element (20) in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: said at least one extra conductor (3) has at least one conductor cable (3a) equally.
14., it is characterized in that according to each heating element (20) in the claim 1 to 4: the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that said at least one extra conductor (3) is used to heat relatively and the electric energy that is used to feed on its structure, the employed material and/or in view of on the spatial placement that receives load area of heating element with another kind of type configuration.
15. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the edge (5) of (100) extends and is electrically connected with at least two electrical conductor cables that are used to heat (1) there the conductor cable (3a) of at least one extra conductor (3) or extra conductor along the thermal treatment zone on section ground at least.
16. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the conductor cable (3a) of at least one extra conductor (3) or at least one extra conductor is roughly parallel at least section and is used to heat and/or the conductor cable of the electric energy of feeding is arranged (1,2); And/or the conductor cable (3a) of extra conductor (3) or said at least one extra conductor is used to heat and/or the conductor cable (1,2) of the electric energy of feeding is electrically connected with a plurality of.
17. heating element according to claim 13; It is characterized in that: the conductor cable (3a) of at least one extra conductor (3) or at least one extra conductor is section ground, tortuous and be roughly parallel to and be used to heat and/or the conductor cable of the electric energy of feeding is arranged (1,2) at least.
18. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the conductor cable (3a) of extra conductor (3) or said at least one extra conductor is used to heat and/or conductor cable (1,2) electrical connection in contacting zone (200) of the electric energy of feeding with a plurality of.
19. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: the feed part of conductor cable (2) of electric energy of at least a portion of at least a portion of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) and extra conductor (3) and/or be used to contacts; So that constitute a plurality of distributing points (33); Electric current can be by being used to the feed conductor cable (2) of electric energy and/or the electrical conductor cable (1) that extra conductor (3) feed-in is used to heat on these distributing points; And/or in order to constitute a plurality of cross-over connection sections (42), the conductor cable that is importing this extra conductor (3) and behind the disconnection position, leading back this disconnection again by the conductor cable that breaks off before electric current can break off the position through these cross-over connection sections when of the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating and the electric energy that is used to feed breaks off.
20. the heating element according to claim 19 is characterized in that: the feed part of conductor cable (2) of electric energy of at least a portion of at least a portion of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) and extra conductor (3) and/or be used to intersects.
21. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: at least one extra conductor (3) only is connected with a power supply (70) indirectly.
22. the heating element according to claim 21 is characterized in that: said at least one extra conductor (3) and a power lead (6) and/or a plurality of to be connected lead (50) spaced apart.
23. according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: at least one extra conductor (3) only is connected with a power supply (70) through the electrical conductor cable that is used for the heating one or more sections as cross-over connection section (42) with the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed.
24. the heating element according to claim 23 is characterized in that: said at least one extra conductor (3) and a power lead (6) and/or a plurality of to be connected lead (50) spaced apart.
25. heating element according to claim 13; It is characterized in that: at least one conductor cable of the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating and the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor has at least one electrical conductor cable (10), and said electrical conductor cable (10) has at least one thread interior cable (12) and at least one and wraps up in this jacket layer (14) cable (12) and that conduct electricity and/or said electrical conductor cable at least in part and have nickel plated carbon fiber or be made up of nickel alloy or pure nickel basically.
26. the heating element according to claim 25 is characterized in that: said at least one electrical conductor cable (10) is a single-cable (16).
27. the heating element according to claim 25 is characterized in that: said electrical conductor cable is basically by nickel alloy or pure nickel, form as the multifilament cable.
28. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: cable (12) has a kind of material at least one, and this material can be heat-resisting at least 75 ℃.
29. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: cable (12) has a kind of material at least one, and this material can be heat-resisting to 150 ℃.
30. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: cable (12) has a kind of material at least one, and this material can be heat-resisting to 300 ℃.
31. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: cable (12) has a kind of material at least one, and this material can be heat-resisting to 500 ℃.
32. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: cable (12) has a kind of material at least one, and this material can be heat-resisting to 1000 ℃.
33. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: interior cable (12) can be metallized; Jacket layer (14) is applied to with electroplating, and interior cable (12) is gone up and/or jacket layer (14) is connected with interior cable (12) material sealedly.
34. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can maybe can be drawn as silk or metal wire by spinning, and/or the thickness of jacket layer (14) is between 0.2 and 2 μ m.
35. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can be drawn as the silk that has less than the thickness of 100 μ m.
36. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can be drawn as the silk that has less than the thickness of 10 μ m.
37. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can be drawn as the silk that has less than the thickness of 1 μ m.
38. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can be drawn as the silk that has less than the thickness of 0.1 μ m.
39. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of interior cable (12) can be drawn as the silk that has less than the thickness of 0.01 μ m.
40. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of jacket layer (14) is between 0.5 and 1.5 μ m.
41. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of jacket layer (14) is between 0.8 and 1.2 μ m.
42. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: single-cable (16) and/or the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat, be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable of extra conductor have the thickness less than 1mm.
43. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: single-cable (16) and/or the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat, be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable of extra conductor have the thickness less than 0.1mm.
44. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: single-cable (16) and/or the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat, be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable of extra conductor have the thickness less than 10mm.
45. heating element according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: interior cable (12) is processed by a kind of plastics by share ground at least; And/or be made up of steel by share ground at least, and/or the material of interior cable (12) has the higher intensity of anti-alternating bending and/or has tension or the compression strength littler than the material of jacket layer (14).
46. the heating element according to claim 45 is characterized in that: said plastics are flexible and tension is broken.
47. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: interior cable (12) is pressed share ground at least or is made up of a kind of thermoplastics fully.
48. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: interior cable (12) is at least by share ground or fully by at least a composition the in polyamide and carbon fiber and polypropylene and polyester and polyimides and the glass fiber.
49. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer (14) has a chemically inactive surface, the surface outside its internal mutually cable, pointing at least.
50. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer is processed with containing metal; Jacket layer (14) has a kind of metal, and this metallic surface can be passivated and/or the surperficial oxidized and/or chromic acid passivation of jacket layer (14).
51. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer at least by share ground by at least a the processing in alloy and nickel and silver and copper and the gold with phosphorus share.
52. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer is by being processed with at least a alloy that constitutes in gold and the nickel by silver and copper fully basically.
53. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the face coat of jacket layer (14).
54. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer (14) is with at least a coating in plastics and the lacquer.
55. the heating element according to claim 2 is characterized in that: jacket layer (14) is pressed share ground at least with at least a coating in polyurethanes and PVC and PTFE and PFA and the polyester.
56. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating has a plurality of single-cables (16) be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable of extra conductor and at least one conductor cable of electrical conductor cable.
57. the heating element according to claim 56 is characterized in that: said single-cable (16) is more than 5.
58. the heating element according to claim 56 is characterized in that: said single-cable (16) is more than 50.
59. the heating element according to claim 56 is characterized in that: said single-cable (16) is more than 100.
60. the heating element according to claim 56 is characterized in that: said single-cable (16) is more than 300.
61. heating element according to claim 56; It is characterized in that: the conductor cable of a plurality of single-cables (16) and/or the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor and electrical conductor cable be section ground electrically insulated from one another at least, an electrical conductor cable (10) and/or a uniconductor (16) at least section ground by a kind of adhesives (72) jacket.
62. the heating element according to claim 61 is characterized in that: the mode of said electric insulation is insulated by the insulating barrier (18) on its jacket layer (14) at least one single-cable (16) at least in part.
63. the heating element according to claim 61 is characterized in that: said adhesives (72) is a kind of heat-activatable adhesives.
64. the heating element according to claim 56 is characterized in that: a plurality of single-cables (16) are combined into a cable bundles (17); The bundle that reaches a plurality of cable bundles (17) and/or a plurality of cable bundles (17) is combined into a total bundle (19) again, and wherein, electrical conductor cable (10) and/or at least one single-cable (16) have the spirality spatial placement.
65. the heating element according to claim 64 is characterized in that: said electrical conductor cable (10) and/or at least one single-cable (16) have the spirality spatial placement in bunchy ground each other through stranded, twisted or twisting.
66. the heating element according to claim 64 is characterized in that: the bundle of said electrical conductor cable (10), a cable bundles (17), a plurality of cable bundles (17) and/or the diameter of said total bundle (19) limit through a restraint device; Heat transmission between said cable bundles and its surrounding environment is changed thus at most a little; Its mode is; This restraint device has the auxiliary cables that spirality is twined this conductor cable (10) or cable bundles (17) or total bundle (19), this auxiliary cables process by electric conducting material by share ground at least and/or in auxiliary cables the gap ratio auxiliary cables between two adjacent threaded line diameter mostly doubly.
67. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: the resistance that the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor and electrical conductor cable and/or single-cable (16) have 0 and 3 Ω/m between; And/or the resistance that has of at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) 0.1 and 3 Ω/m between.
68. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: the resistance that the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor and electrical conductor cable and/or single-cable (16) have 0 and 2 Ω/m between.
69. the heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that: the resistance that the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor and electrical conductor cable and/or single-cable (16) have 0.1 and 0.3 Ω/m between.
70., it is characterized in that according to each heating element in the claim 1 to 4: the resistance that said at least one electrical conductor cable that is used to heat (1) has 0.2 and 0.5 Ω/m between.
71. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating is formed on knitted fabric and/or braid be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable and the electrical conductor cable of extra conductor.
72. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the electric energy that is used to feed and the conductor cable of extra conductor are set to reach on the fabric with electrical conductor cable and are fixed on fabric by an additional sewing or litzendraht wire.
73. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating is sewn to fabric be used to the feed conductor cable of electric energy and the conductor cable and the electrical conductor cable of extra conductor as sewing thread.
74. the heating element according to claim 13 is characterized in that: the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and being used to feed electric energy conductor cable and extra conductor conductor cable and electrical conductor cable and at least one adhering fabric and/or be bonded between two tissue layer.
75. heating element according to claim 13; It is characterized in that: conductor cable and the conductor cable of extra conductor and the near surface of the seat sidepiece that electrical conductor cable is set at an automobile seats at least in part of heating element (20) and/or the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating and the electric energy that is used to feed; Wherein, this electrical conductor cable (10) is used for heating.
76. heating element according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: these open circuit-and at least one of conductor cable (4,4 ') be at least partially disposed on and the conductor cable identical zone that receive mechanical load of the electrical conductor cable that is used for heating with the electric energy that is used to feed equally.
77. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said opening circuit-conductor cable (4,4 ') at least in part, at least roughly followed being provided with of first conductor cable (1,2) with moving towards.
78. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the ratio conductivity of open circuit-conductor cable (4,4 ') and/or absolute conductivity be the same high with the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the electric energy that is used to feed at least.
79. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it is high with the twice of the conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed that the ratio conductivity of open circuit-conductor cable (4,4 ') and/or absolute conductivity are the electrical conductor cables that are used to heat.
80. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the ratio conductivity of open circuit-conductor cable (4,4 ') and/or absolute conductivity are the electrical conductor cables that are used to heat and the four times high of conductor cable of the electric energy that is used to feed.
81. heating element according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: at least one of these conductor cables (4,4 ') that open circuit section ground at least is used to the electrical conductor cable that heats relatively and is used to feed the conductor cable electric insulation of electric energy and/or spacing is arranged setting with it.
82. heating element according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: these open circuit-conductor cable (4,4 ') at least one at least the section ground electrical conductor cable that is used to relatively to heat be used to feed the conductor cable electric insulation of electric energy and/or the setting of spacing ground is arranged with it on mutual relative (surface) side of a layered vector (8).
83. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the moving towards of the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the electric energy that is used to feed and a straight line is provided with differently; To compare with it, these open circuit-and at least one of conductor cable (4,4 ') roughly be provided with point-blank.
84. 3 heating element according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: the conductor cable of the electrical conductor cable that is used to heat and the electric energy that is used to feed is by zigzag and/or the setting of indentation ground.
85. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: these open circuit-and at least one of conductor cable (4) in series be electrically connected with the conductor cable of the said electrical conductor cable that is used to heat with the electric energy that is used to feed.
86. the heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that: these open circuit-at least one of conductor cable (4 ') be by a monitoring device (80) monitoring, when this open circuit-when conductor cable lost efficacy, monitoring device turn-offed heating element (20).
Applications Claiming Priority (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202004003677.0 | 2004-03-08 | ||
| DE202004003677U DE202004003677U1 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2004-03-08 | Electric heater element comprises an electric conductor with a plastic core and an outer cover containing metal which at least partially consists of gold and/or silver |
| DE202004013890.5 | 2004-03-19 | ||
| DE202004013890U DE202004013890U1 (en) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-03-19 | A method for increasing the durability of flat surface carbon fibre heating elements has durable bypass leads in the contact electrodes |
| DE102004025858.9 | 2004-05-24 | ||
| DE102004025858 | 2004-05-24 | ||
| DE102004026091.5 | 2004-05-25 | ||
| DE102004026091 | 2004-05-25 | ||
| DE102004043173 | 2004-09-03 | ||
| DE102004043173.6 | 2004-09-03 | ||
| DE202004020425.8 | 2004-09-20 | ||
| DE202004020425U DE202004020425U1 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2004-09-20 | Flat heating element |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005800074606A Division CN1930919B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101600271A CN101600271A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101600271B true CN101600271B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
Family
ID=34854218
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101269372A Expired - Fee Related CN101610612B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
| CN2009101269387A Expired - Fee Related CN101600271B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
| CN2005800074606A Expired - Fee Related CN1930919B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101269372A Expired - Fee Related CN101610612B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005800074606A Expired - Fee Related CN1930919B (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-04 | Flat heating element |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (3) | CN101610612B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202004003677U1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010060910A1 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-03 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Multilayer metal fiber yarn |
| CN102378416B (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2013-07-24 | 上海越科复合材料有限公司 | Connection method for carbon fiber yarns and metal sheet for heating |
| DE102013006410A1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-19 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Sheet installed in function region, used as floor mat for e.g. motor car, has heating device including electrodes which are arranged spaced apart from electrical resistor, and sensor for detecting temperature of environment |
| CN104380838B (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-06-22 | 株式会社美铃工业 | Heater and possess the fixing device of this heater, image processing system and heater |
| WO2014111740A1 (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-24 | Kongsberg Automotive Ab | Seat assembly having heating element providing electrical heating of variable temperature along a predetermined path to a zone |
| CN103818287B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-06-22 | 天津博信汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of automobile seat heating cushion |
| DE102018221876A1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heated cover device |
| FR3094609B1 (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-04-09 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Deformable and conformable heated mat |
| DE112020002855A5 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2022-04-21 | Gentherm Gmbh | Heating device and vehicle seat with a heating device |
| KR20210008200A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-21 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Infrared warmer device and Method for controlling the same |
| CN112672449A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 阿尔特逆向工程民事合伙公司 | Heating element for a surface component of a motor vehicle |
| KR102554876B1 (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2023-07-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Car seat heater improving energy efficiency |
| CN216231840U (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-08 | 捷温有限责任公司 | Heater for a vehicle and corresponding electric heating system and seat |
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| FR2263657A1 (en) * | 1974-03-08 | 1975-10-03 | Orbaiceta | Multipath resistor network heating plate - has redundancy provided by three branches for each resistor node |
| CN1130223A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electric heating, shielding, anti-static multifunctional conductive fabric and its preparing method |
| EP1132028A1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Planar heating element |
| CN2659076Y (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2004-11-24 | 朱龙吉 | Conductive fibre warming yarn and tertile woven by conductive fibre warming yarn |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5484983A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1996-01-16 | Tecnit-Techische Textilien Und Systeme Gmbh | Electric heating element in knitted fabric |
-
2004
- 2004-03-08 DE DE202004003677U patent/DE202004003677U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-03-04 CN CN2009101269372A patent/CN101610612B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-04 CN CN2009101269387A patent/CN101600271B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-04 CN CN2005800074606A patent/CN1930919B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2263657A1 (en) * | 1974-03-08 | 1975-10-03 | Orbaiceta | Multipath resistor network heating plate - has redundancy provided by three branches for each resistor node |
| CN1130223A (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Electric heating, shielding, anti-static multifunctional conductive fabric and its preparing method |
| EP1132028A1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Planar heating element |
| CN2659076Y (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2004-11-24 | 朱龙吉 | Conductive fibre warming yarn and tertile woven by conductive fibre warming yarn |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1930919A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
| CN101610612B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN1930919B (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CN101600271A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101610612A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| DE202004003677U1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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Effective date of registration: 20151022 Address after: German Odell altshausen Patentee after: WET AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS AG Address before: German Odell altshausen Patentee before: W.E.T. Automotive System AG |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120829 Termination date: 20180304 |