CN101599800A - Utilize lithium niobate modulator to produce the apparatus and method of 8 times frequency optical millimeter waves - Google Patents
Utilize lithium niobate modulator to produce the apparatus and method of 8 times frequency optical millimeter waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN101599800A CN101599800A CNA2009100825713A CN200910082571A CN101599800A CN 101599800 A CN101599800 A CN 101599800A CN A2009100825713 A CNA2009100825713 A CN A2009100825713A CN 200910082571 A CN200910082571 A CN 200910082571A CN 101599800 A CN101599800 A CN 101599800A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of apparatus and method of utilizing lithium niobate modulator to produce 8 times frequency optical millimeter waves, is mainly used in the generation that light carries millimeter wave in light wireless access (RoF) network.Described this method as shown in drawings, utilize the non-linear generation high-order sideband of the nested Mach-Zehnder modulator of lithium niobate under depth modulation, 4n+1,4n+2, the interference of 4n+3 rank sideband disappear mutually under suitable voltage bias, the filtered device of light carrier suppresses, because the 8th and more the high-order sideband amplitude much smaller than the 4th rank sideband, the light that is produced carries millimeter-wave signal is mainly equaled 8 times of local frequencies by frequency interval the ± 4 rank sidebands formations, and the electric millimeter-wave frequency that the photodetector beat frequency produces is 8 times of radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator frequency.The method has: required local frequency and modulator responses frequency are low, and the light of generation carries and do not have amplitude fading when millimeter wave transmits in optical fiber, and the advantages such as radiofrequency signal line width that opto-electronic conversion produces have good application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication and microwave communication field, particularly a kind of is to utilize the optical technology of comparative maturity in the optical communication technique to produce the method and apparatus of the microwave signal of high frequency.
Background technology
Compare with wire communication, the flexibility of radio communication and mobility make it have impayable advantage.In the past few years, fast development and extensive use along with radio communication service, the required bandwidth of wireless access increases sharply, and the radio spectrum resources of low frequency is more and more nervous, and this orders about us must utilize the abundant high frequency band of bandwidth resources when opening up new broadband wireless business.The millimeter wave of 40-60GHz frequency range can provide the bandwidth resources of several GHz, can be used for the wireless traffic that a plurality of data rates reach Gbit/s simultaneously, has good prospect at following broadband wireless communications of this frequency range development.Along with going deep into of millimere-wave band broadband wireless access research, producing the millimeter-wave signal that is fit to long Distance Transmission cheaply is a vital technology.The millimeter wave that produces tens GHz in electric territory has run into the speed bottleneck (40GHz) of electronic device, and the equipment cost that millimeter wave is produced in electric territory is high; Simultaneously, the millimeter wave of this frequency range has very big loss when transmitting in coaxial cable, and its transmission range is seriously limited; In addition, also have very big decay when transmitting in the millimeter wave atmosphere of this frequency range, make the honeycomb radius less than 1km, the one side that the cellulor system is favourable is to improve the spatial reuse efficient of frequency spectrum resource, disadvantageous one side is that cellular basestation density becomes greatly, and the cost of system sharply increases.
The light of learning based on microwave photon carries radio frequency (RoF, Radio-over-fiber :) the technology millimeter wave that can utilize the optical communication technique of present comparative maturity to produce the light territory (is called light and carries millimeter wave, optical millimeter-wave) signal, and utilize optical fiber to realize the transmission of long distance, and it is transformed in the electric territory at receiving terminal.This technology focuses on generation, signal processing and the functional modules such as some network managements and control of millimeter-wave signal center base station and realizes resource-sharing from the far-end antenna base station, has simplified the structure of antenna base station, has reduced system cost simultaneously.If wavelength division multiplexing (WDM, Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology is applied to the RoF access network, can further make full use of the huge bandwidth resources of optical fiber, realize jumbo wireless signal person's Distance Transmission.
The light of reporting in the document carries the millimeter-wave signal production method to be had: dual-mode laser device method, utilize two Optical Maser Systems of Phase Lock Technique, directly modulation method, investigation mission outside the city or town method for making and based on the optical means of nonlinear effects such as four wave mixing or stimulated Brillouin scattering.Preceding two kinds of methods are because the coherence of related optics composition is relatively poor, and the millimeter wave phase noise that is produced is bigger, the frequency spectrum broad; Owing to directly millimeter-wave signal is modulated to the laser that needs response frequency very high on the light wave, this direct modulator approach is not suitable for the RoF system of millimere-wave band; Millimeter wave generating method based on nonlinear effect needs higher pumping light power, and conversion efficiency is low.Therefore light external modulation technology produces method that light carries millimeter-wave signal and is had an optimistic view of by everybody is consistent.This method has the following advantages: (1) since related optical frequency composition from same carrier wave, its correlation is good, the millimeter-wave signal phase noise of generation is very little; (2) noise of light source is very little to the millimeter-wave signal influence that is produced; (3) has high conversion rate.
The external modulation method produces frequency that light carries required external modulator of millimeter signal and local oscillation signal source to be increased with the increase of the frequency of the millimeter-wave signal that is produced, because the external modulator of high frequency and local oscillation signal source are relatively more expensive, produce the frequency that frequency that light carries required external modulator of the system of millimeter signal and local oscillation signal source should be not less than the millimeter-wave signal that is produced based on the external modulation method of linearity.Non-linear external modulation technology can reduce the index request of this two aspect, the light carrier of reporting in the document suppresses external modulation technology (OCS, opticalcarrier suppression) these two indexs can be reduced by half, utilize the modulator of inlay strip structure these two indexs can be reduced to original 1/4.It is original 1/8 that the method for utilizing this patent to invent can be reduced to these two indexs, and this will reduce light greatly and carry the cost that millimeter-wave signal produces equipment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: carry the response frequency of the required external modulator of millimeter-wave signal and the frequency of required local oscillation signal in order to reduce generation light, utilize the nonlinear characteristic of lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators under the depth modulation situation of nested structure and interfere superimposed characteristics, under suitable direct current biasing radio-frequency driven, the generation frequency is that the light of 8 times of local frequencies carries millimeter-wave signal, the Frequency Index that the light that produces 40-60GHz carries the equipment of millimeter-wave signal is reduced greatly, and then reduced the cost of system.
The light that the present invention adopts carries millimeter-wave signal generation scheme and is:
As shown in Figure 1, the wavelength that sends from laser is the lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM that the light wave of λ is injected into nested structure, Mach-Zehnder modulator) in, the polarization direction of injecting light wave makes it in the polarization direction of each lithium niobate modulator unanimity through the Polarization Controller adjustment, and frequency is f
0The radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator signal after radio frequency amplifies, divide success rate identical two-way, the one tunnel direct driven modulator MZ-a of branch wherein, another road is through the phase shift of the pi/2 MZ-b of driven modulator branch afterwards.The dc offset voltage of modulator MZ-a, MZ-b is 0V.After the two-way light wave coherent superposition after the MZM rf modulations, mainly by light carrier and two 4 rank sidebands, the frequency interval between the three is 4f to its optical frequency composition
0Through a centre wavelength is that λ, bandwidth are less than 2f
0The FBG band stop filter light carrier is suppressed, make latter two the 4 rank sideband that mainly comprises in the light wave, the frequency interval between the two is 8f
0The light of the generation that the baseband signal of required transmission is transferred to through an intensity modulator carries on the millimeter wave then, injection fibre carries out long-distance transmissions after erbium-doped fiber amplifier amplifies, and through photodetector at a high speed light is carried the millimeter-wave signal that millimeter-wave signal converts electric territory at receiving terminal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, owing to the interference superimposed characteristics of the lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators that has adopted nested structure and the non-linear modulation characteristic under the depth modulation situation, the response frequency that greatly reduces modulator requires and the frequency of local oscillation signal, and the frequency that the light of generation carries millimeter-wave signal is 8 times of local frequency.Such as, for the light that produces 64GHz carries millimeter-wave signal, nested lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators and frequency that we only need a response frequency is 8GHz are the local oscillation signal of 8GHz, present device is simple, has very strong actual operability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators nested for the present invention utilizes produces the schematic diagram that 8 times of light to local oscillation signal of frequency carry millimeter wave.Wherein nested lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators be used to produce frequency interval be 4 times to three longitudinal modes of local frequency; Fiber grating filter (FBG) is used to suppress light carrier, make in the output light-wave comprise frequency interval be 8 times to two longitudinal modes of local frequency; Intensity modulator (IM) is used for that baseband signal is modulated to the light that is produced and carries millimeter wave.What red arrow was indicated is the theoretic spectral composition of this position.
Fig. 2 is the output spectrum figure of lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators nested among the present invention under the local oscillation signal modulation of 8GHz, (a) position among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the spectrogram after the process FBG filter filtering among the present invention, (b) position among Fig. 1.
The oscillogram of Fig. 4 for carrying the radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator signal through the 64GHz light that is produced after the FBG filter filtering among the present invention, (b) position among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 carries the spectrum of radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator signal after the baseband signal modulation of 2.5Gbit/s, (c) position among Fig. 1 for 64GHz light among the present invention.
Fig. 6 carries the radio spectrum (under the situation, promptly fiber lengths is 0 back-to-back) of the photoelectric current that millimeter wave obtains through high-speed photodetector, (d) position among Fig. 1 for the 64GHz light that carries the 2.5Gbit/s signal among the present invention.
Fig. 7 carries the eye pattern (back-to-back situation under, promptly fiber lengths be 0) of millimeter wave through the photoelectric current after the high-speed photodetector, (d) position among Fig. 1 for the 64GHz light that carries the 2.5Gbit/s signal among the present invention.
The baseband signal eye pattern (under the situation, promptly fiber lengths is 0 back-to-back) that Fig. 8 obtains through the radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator signal coherence demodulation of 64GHz for the radio frequency photoelectric current among Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 carries for the 64GHz light that carries the 2.5Gbit/s signal among the present invention after the monomode fiber transmission of millimeter wave through the 15km standard, by high-speed photodetector to the eye pattern of photoelectric current, (d) position among Fig. 1.
Figure 10 carries for the 64GHz light that carries the 2.5Gbit/s signal among the present invention after the monomode fiber transmission of millimeter wave through the 15km standard, by high-speed photodetector to the baseband signal eye pattern that obtains through coherent demodulation of photoelectric current.
Specific implementation method
The laser works wavelength is λ, and the present invention is example with 1552.5nm, the frequency f of local oscillation signal
0, the present invention is example with 8GHz, and the corresponding frequencies of nested lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators is 10GHz, and dc offset voltage is 0, and the peak-to-peak voltage of radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator is 10V, the spectrum of generation is as shown in Figure 2.Through centre wavelength is that light carrier was than two the 4th little 25dB at least of sideband after 1552.5nm, bandwidth were the FBG filter filtering of 0.5nm, and its spectrum and radio frequency waveform are as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.Speed is that the baseband signal of 2.5Gbit/s is that the spectrum that spectrometer records as shown in Figure 5 on the lithium niobate modulator loading road light wave of 2.5GHz by the speed of response.Before not passing through Optical Fiber Transmission, the photodetector that response frequency is 60GHz converts light signal to the signal of telecommunication, its radio spectrum and eye pattern such as Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7.Radio spectrum by Fig. 6 can see that the 64GHz composition except we need also has the 32GHz composition, and the 32GHz composition is because the residual of light carrier caused, but its power is therefore, very littler to the influence of 64GHz composition than the little 20dB of 64GHz composition.In order to verify that light carries the performance of millimeter-wave signal, with the local oscillation signal of a 64GHz photo-signal of 64GHz is carried out coherent demodulation, the baseband signal eye pattern that demodulation obtains is as shown in Figure 8.
The light that is produced carries millimeter-wave signal by being injected into the monomode fiber of standard after amplifying through erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), through after the transmission of 15km, the eye pattern of its radiofrequency signal and baseband signal eye pattern such as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 that the photoelectric current coherent demodulation of 64GHz is obtained.Can see that by eye pattern though optical fiber dispersion has certain deterioration to signal quality, through the Optical Fiber Transmission of 15km, the open degree of eye pattern still can ensure the correct detection of signal.
To sum up, the present invention is owing to utilized the coherent superposition characteristic characteristic of lithium niobate Mach-Zehnder modulators of nested structure and the nonlinear characteristic under depth modulation has realized 8 frequencys multiplication in the millimeter wave light modulation process, reduced the frequency requirement that light carries optical modulator and radio-frequency (RF) local oscillator in the millimeter wave generation equipment simultaneously, and the light that produces carries millimeter-wave signal and has good transmission performance.This invention is simple, makes the generation that the light of high frequency carries millimeter-wave signal have more actual operability.
In a word; the above embodiment only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not only to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art, on content disclosed by the invention, can also make some equivalent variations and replacement; the frequency range of millimeter wave also is not limited to 40-60GHz, and the adjustment of these equivalent variations and replacement and frequency range also should be considered as being protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of light carries millimeter wave generating method and equipment, is used for the generation that light Radio Access Network light carries millimeter-wave signal, and its feature comprises:
Transmitting terminal: frequency is f
0Local oscillation signal be that the narrow-linewidth laser of 1.3 or 1.55 μ m frequency ranges produces a plurality of sidebands through the lithium niobate Mach of nested structure-increase Dare modulator depth modulation wavelength, utilize Mach-the increase coherent superposition characteristic of Dare modulator, make modulator only remaining light carrier of output and positive and negative quadravalence sideband, realize the inhibition of light carrier simultaneously by fiber grating filter (or utilize under the specific modulation degree of depth situation light carrier suppression characteristic), make output light-wave mainly comprise two frequency contents of positive and negative quadravalence sideband, both having produced required frequency is 8f
0Light carries millimeter wave.Utilizing intensity modulator to modulate the signal to the light that is produced carries on the millimeter wave also by erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) amplification luminous power.
Signal transmission line: the light that amplifies through EDFA carries millimeter-wave signal, and the intervention Network Transmission that the monomode fiber of process standard makes up is to the antenna base station of far-end.
The far-end antenna base station: antenna base station converts light signal to the signal of telecommunication and carries out radio frequency and amplify, and is gone out by aerial radiation then.
According to the described equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the lithium niobate Mach of described nested structure-increase the Dare modulator is characterized in that:
The lithium niobate Mach of nested structure-increase Dare modulator: by two lithium niobate Mach-increase the Dare modulator to be connected in parallel by the Y splitter, the polarization direction of each modulator is identical.Its response frequency is not less than the frequency of local oscillation signal.The lithium niobate Mach of two branches-increase Dare modulator bias voltage to be 0V, the phase place of radio-frequency driven differs pi/2.
3, millimeter wave generating device according to claim 2 proposes millimeter wave generating method, it is characterized in that:
Frequency is f
0Local oscillation signal through the lithium niobate Mach of nested structure-the increase narrow-linewidth laser that Dare modulator depth modulation wavelength is in 1.3 or 1.55 mu m wavebands, the a plurality of sidebands that produce, by said modulator being carried out suitable voltage bias and radiofrequency signal phase shift, make 4n+1,4n+2,4n+3 rank sideband coherent subtraction, the only remaining 4n rank sideband that comprises light carrier; Utilize fiber grating filter (or the light carrier suppression characteristic under the specific modulation degree of depth situation) to realize the inhibition of light carrier, in addition, because the 8th rank and more the amplitude of high-order sideband much smaller than the 4th rank sideband, so output light-wave mainly comprises two frequency contents of the ± 4 rank sidebands, the frequency interval between the two is 8f
0, both required light carries millimeter wave.
4, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described intensity modulator comprises:
Can be Mach-Zehnder modulators, also can be electroabsorption modulator, and its function is that the base-band data signal through coding is loaded into light to be carried on the millimeter wave.
5, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described light carries the millimeter-wave signal transmission line, comprising:
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to improve the transmitting power that light carries millimeter-wave signal;
The single mode dispersive optical fiber is used to make up the optical fiber transmission network between center base station and the far-end antenna base station, for the signal long-distance transmission provides the path, is reduced to a link here.
6, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described far-end antenna base station comprises:
Photodetector at a high speed is used for light and carries millimeter-wave signal and convert rf signal to;
Radio frequency amplifier is used to improve the power of electric millimeter-wave signal;
Antenna: millimeter-wave signal is launched.
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