CN101598804A - Descend the three-dimensional method of hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely - Google Patents
Descend the three-dimensional method of hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely, specifically: handle the interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that obtain conforming to subsurface geologic structures, again carry out the linear encryption interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete according to recording geometry parameter and discrete field, in the wave field value of rebuilding on discrete the basis on each each net point of the moment, and with each the pure P wave-wave field at place, geophone station position and output of pure S wave-wave field constantly as this wave-field reconstruction record constantly, stack that wave-field reconstruction is obtained and migrated section and field data collection are handled the stack and the migrated section that obtain and are compared, definitely the form of the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under and position.The record that the present invention obtains at wave-field reconstruction ripple in length and breadth separates fully, does not need to carry out wave field separation in length and breadth in follow-up wave field research again.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum prospecting and development technique, specifically be a kind of under staggered-mesh, realize have wave-field reconstruction precision height, rebuild the efficient height and frequency dispersion low, and definite underground oil and gas of separating of the p ripple s wavelength-division of can large-scale promotion using is hidden the three-dimensional method of structure.
Background technology
In the reflection wave seismic prospecting, by adopt focus (explosive source on ground, vibroseis or weight focus) to excite what obtain be the reflective information (as seismologic record) that comes from underground geologic bodies, need (comprise static correction by a series of seismic data processing for the reflective information that has obtained, normal moveout correction, stack and skew or the like) obtain being used for the imaging section (comprising stacked section and migrated section) and the velocity field (comprising stacking velocity field and interval velocity field) of geologic interpretation, imitate the reflective information (process of this reconstruction underground geologic bodies reflective information also is referred to as the wave-field reconstruction process) that open-air earthquake data acquisition process is rebuild geologic body according to the interval velocity field that obtained, then with wave-field reconstruction to reflective information and the reflective information of the open-air actual acquisition hydrocarbon reservoir structure under being analyzed definitely.
It should be noted that underground geologic bodies reflective information wave-field reconstruction and descend the process of hydrocarbon reservoir structure to play a very important role definitely for geologic interpretation, hydrocarbon reservoir structure description and hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation.The process energy true reappearance seismic event of wave-field reconstruction has very important meaning in the overall process of underground propagation to architectonic understanding.The input of wave-field reconstruction is the interval velocity field that early stage, the seismic data data processing obtained, and this interval velocity field meets this area's geologic feature.Obtain being similar to the seismologic record of open-air earthquake data acquisition through wave-field reconstruction.Usual condition is marched off into political wilderness, and to adopt simple component to accept seismologic record be that vertical component is accepted (be also referred to as Z component and accept promptly to accept vibrations with the surface level vertical direction) for outer earthquake data acquisition.Present many component is accepted also more and more, also accepts two components (component of directions X and Y direction) of horizontal direction except the component of accepting to come from vertical direction, and horizontal direction has an X and two components of Y under three-dimensional situation.In each component, not only comprise compressional wave (also claiming the P ripple) information but also comprise shear wave (also claiming the S ripple) information (being referred to as to mix wave field).In indoor wave-field reconstruction process, also can draw the record of each component.
Ripple can transform mutually in length and breadth in the propagation of seismic wave process, and promptly compressional wave can be converted to shear wave, and same shear wave also can be converted to compressional wave, and ripple is coupled in length and breadth.
At present, three-dimensional perfect elasticity wave equation numerical value wave-field reconstruction in homogeneous isotropic medium can only obtain the mixing wave field (not only comprising the P ripple but also comprise the S ripple in X component, Y component and the Z component) of each component, what at first will do when handling is exactly wave field separation in follow-up many ripples data (promptly comprise compressional wave in the record and change compressional wave and comprise shear wave and converted shear wave again), isolate pure P ripple and pure S ripple, but general being difficult to separated it fully.If rebuild the P ripple separately with the compressional wave equation, the shear wave equation is rebuild the S ripple separately, P ripple and conversion S ripple then can not appear in the wave field changing, thereby with the non-equivalence as a result of complete wave-field reconstruction, also can not get any reconstructed results of transformed wave, this is for the result who the descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely effect of can misleading.
Therefore, to guarantee at present under the prerequisite that the all-wave field information is rebuild, realize the wave-field reconstruction of decomposition fully of pure compressional wave and pure shear wave, be that the P ripple that is comprised in X component among the wave-field reconstruction result, Y component and the Z component separates fully with the S ripple, so in follow-up many ripples Data Processing, do not need to carry out wave field separation.This all has important practical sense for research propagation of seismic wave mechanism and to structure and the reservoir description of studying underground geologic bodies.
Ma Detang proposed in 2003 to use the second-order partial differential coefficient equations for elastic waves realize wavelength-division in length and breadth from the elasticity wave-field reconstruction, efficient is low, the numerical value frequency dispersion seriously is not suitable for large-scale promotion and uses but this method is rebuild.The single order partial derivative equations for elastic waves numerical value wave-field reconstruction of at present epidemic rate-stress, in this method process of reconstruction, find the solution by employing staggered-mesh method (in the process of wave field numerical reconstruction, adopting half grid computing), its major advantage is to carry out the space differentiate to the elastic constant of medium (known speed and density field), thereby the efficient of numerical value wave-field reconstruction and precision are all good than second-order partial differential coefficient equations for elastic waves.
Patented claim CN101173988 disclose realized under the two-dimentional single order staggered-mesh wavelength-division in length and breadth from elasticity wave field method for reconstructing, but can not realize under the three-dimensional single order staggered-mesh situation complete wave field being decomposed reconstruction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly have wave-field reconstruction precision height, rebuild the efficient height and frequency dispersion low, and definite underground oil and gas of separating of the p ripple s wavelength-division of can large-scale promotion using is hidden the three-dimensional method of structure.
Concrete implementation step of the present invention comprises:
1) open-air actual observation system acquisition data are determined the reconstruction parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process;
The reconstruction parameter of the described reconstruction parameter of step 1) comprises shot interval, distance between centers of tracks, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, Y coordinate and the corresponding elevation of big gun.
2) adopt usual way that geological data is carried out handling early stage interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that obtains conforming to subsurface geologic structures;
Step 2) described usual method comprises that the single shot record to collecting carries out static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and migration processing.
3) carry out the linear encryption interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete field;
Described discrete of step 3) is p-and s-wave velocity field and density field.
4) rebuilding each wave field value on each net point constantly on discrete the basis according to following formula, and with each the pure P wave-wave field at place, geophone station position and output of pure S wave-wave field constantly as this wave-field reconstruction record constantly;
In the formula: m=4 λ μ+4 μ
2N=λ+2 μ k=m
2-(2 λ μ)
2, λ and μ are Lame's constant, just can obtain by p-and s-wave velocity and density conversion,
v
Xp, v
Xs, v
Yp, v
Ys, v
Zp, v
ZsBe speed component, obtain τ by solving an equation
Xx, τ
Yy, τ
Zz, τ
Xy, τ
Xz, τ
YzBe the components of stress, obtain by solving an equation;
Wave field value on the described net point of step 4) comprises pure P wave-wave field and pure S wave-wave field.
5) processing identical with real data done in the record that previous step is obtained, and obtains stack and skew wave-field reconstruction section;
6) stack that wave-field reconstruction is obtained and migrated section and field data collection are handled stack and the migrated section obtain and are compared, definitely the form of the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under and position.
The present invention is applicable to the wave-field reconstruction of any complex structure, and processing accuracy height, efficient height and frequency dispersion are low, is very effective wave-field reconstruction and the method for descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely under the three-dimensional situation.
The record that the present invention obtains at wave-field reconstruction ripple in length and breadth separates fully, does not need to carry out wave field separation in length and breadth in follow-up wave field research again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the wave-field reconstruction figure along the directions X Z component that P ripple that the present invention obtains is crossed focal point;
Fig. 2 is the wave-field reconstruction figure along the directions X Z component that S ripple that the present invention obtains is crossed focal point;
Fig. 3 is the real data stacked section;
Fig. 4 is the velocity field of real data;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention handles the stacked section that obtains.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes under the single order staggered-mesh three-dimensional in length and breadth wavelength-division separate wave-field reconstruction formula (shown in (1) formula), by to the finding the solution of (1) formula, can obtain the record v of pure compressional wave
p=v
Xp+ v
Yp+ v
ZpRecord v with pure shear wave
s=v
Xs+ v
Ys+ v
ZsIn the process of wave-field reconstruction, adopt the staggered-mesh method to find the solution, promptly find the solution six velocity of displacement (v earlier
Xp, v
Xs, v
Yp, v
Ys, v
Zp, v
Zs) to the partial derivative equation of time, use stress field in finding the solution; Then find the solution six stress (τ
Xx, τ
Yy, τ
Zz, τ
Xy, τ
Xz, τ
Yz) to the partial derivative equation of time, use the velocity of displacement field in finding the solution.Two the step solution procedure be interdependence.
Contain transformed wave in the pure wave record that obtains, it is different from the pure wave record (not containing the transformed wave composition) of pure compressional wave equation and pure shear wave equation wave-field reconstruction.Therefore, need not separate wave field in follow-up wave field is handled, directly application of pure compressional wave and pure shear wave record is handled just passable.
The embodiment of the invention:
(1) according to the reconstruction parameter in definite (being consistent substantially) the wave-field reconstruction process of the recording geometry acquisition parameter of open-air reality with the acquisition parameter of field acquisition reality, (comprising shot interval, distance between centers of tracks, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, Y coordinate and the corresponding elevation of big gun).
(2) read through early stage the seismic data data processing (comprising that the single shot record to collecting carries out a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew, is illustrated in figure 3 as the stack result that early stage, Data Processing obtained in somewhere, Xinjiang) obtain the interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that conform to this area's subsurface geologic structures.
(3) carry out interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete (p-and s-wave velocity field and density field are illustrated in figure 4 as the velocity of longitudinal wave field in area, Xinjiang).
(4) rebuild each wave field value on each net point (as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 2, the wave field of each Z component of directions X during for 500ms) constantly, velocity of displacement field: v according to formula (1) and discrete
Xp, v
Xs, v
Yp, v
Ys, v
ZpAnd v
ZsAnd to X component (v
x=v
Xp+ v
Xs), Y component (v
y=v
Yp+ v
Ys) and Z component (v
z=v
Zp+ v
Zs) wave field merge.Rebuild the normal stress τ on the every bit again
Xx, τ
Yy, τ
ZzWith shearing stress τ
Xy, τ
Xz, τ
YzSpeed component (v with each place, moment geophone station position
p=v
Xp+ v
Yp+ v
Zp, v
s=v
Xs+ v
Ys+ v
Zs) and the components of stress (τ
Xx, τ
Yy, τ
Zz, τ
Xy, τ
Xz, τ
Yz) as the wave-field reconstruction record of this each component constantly.
(5) processing identical with real data (comprising a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew) done in the wave-field reconstruction record that previous step is obtained, obtain corresponding section (comprise stack and migrated section, be illustrated in figure 5 as the stack result that obtains after the wave-field reconstruction recording processing).
(6) section that wave-field reconstruction is obtained (stack and migrated section) is handled the section (stack and migrated section) that obtains with field data collection and is compared (as Fig. 3 and Fig. 5), both consistance are high more good more, the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under thus can well be definitely.
Fig. 1 is the wave-field reconstruction figure along the directions X Z component that P ripple that the present invention obtains is crossed focal point, and the time is 500ms.
Fig. 2 is the wave-field reconstruction figure along the directions X Z component that S ripple that the present invention obtains is crossed focal point, and the time is 500ms.
P ripple among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and the field addition of S wave-wave can be obtained all-wave field reconstruction figure, and this has just in time embodied unique distinction of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the real data stacked section in somewhere, for the structural feature of determining certain several the unknown in the section has designed velocity field as shown in Figure 4, has obtained stacked section shown in Figure 5 by a series of processing after wave-field reconstruction and the reconstruction.By the relatively discovery of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, it is very good that both coincide, and determined the subterranean oil gas reservoir structural feature of this area.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely is characterized in that concrete implementation step comprises:
1) open-air actual observation system acquisition data are determined the reconstruction parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process;
2) adopt usual way that geological data is carried out handling early stage interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that obtains conforming to subsurface geologic structures;
3) carry out the linear encryption interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete field;
4) rebuilding each wave field value on each net point constantly on discrete the basis according to following formula, and with each the pure P wave-wave field at place, geophone station position and output of pure S wave-wave field constantly as this wave-field reconstruction record constantly;
In the formula: m=4 λ μ+4 μ
2N=λ+2 μ k=m
2-(2 λ μ)
2, λ and μ are Lame's constant, just can obtain by p-and s-wave velocity and density conversion,
v
Xp, v
Xs, v
Yp, v
Ys, v
Zp, v
ZsBe speed component, obtain by solving an equation,
τ
Xx, τ
Yy, τ
Zz, τ
Xy, τ
Xz, τ
YzBe the components of stress, obtain by solving an equation;
5) processing identical with real data done in the record that previous step is obtained, and obtains stack and skew wave-field reconstruction section;
6) stack that wave-field reconstruction is obtained and migrated section and field data collection are handled stack and the migrated section obtain and are compared, definitely the form of the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under and position.
2, the three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 is characterized in that the reconstruction parameter of the described reconstruction parameter of step 1) comprises shot interval, distance between centers of tracks, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, Y coordinate and the corresponding elevation of big gun.
3, the three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) described usual method comprises that the single shot record to collecting carries out static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and migration processing.
4, the three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 is characterized in that described discrete of step 3) is p-and s-wave velocity field and density field.
5, the three-dimensional method that descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wave field value on the described net point of step 4) comprises pure P wave-wave field and pure S wave-wave field.
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| CN101598804B CN101598804B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102176052A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hierarchical sequence analysis method oriented to generation of three-dimensional hierarchical grids |
| CN102590859A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油集团西北地质研究所 | Anisotropic reverse time migration method for quasi-P wave equation in transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI) medium |
| CN107704685A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of Meshing Method and device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6541975B2 (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2003-04-01 | Kjt Enterprises, Inc. | Integrated borehole system for reservoir detection and monitoring |
| CN100349008C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2007-11-14 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for carrying out inversion for wave impedance of earthquake wave |
| CN100487489C (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2009-05-13 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | High accuracy depth domain prestack earthquake data inversion method |
| CN101173988B (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2010-09-01 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method for confirming underground oil-gas reservoir construction |
| CN101149439B (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2010-06-30 | 符力耘 | High resolution ratio non-linear reservoir properties inversion method |
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2008
- 2008-06-04 CN CN2008101143721A patent/CN101598804B/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102176052A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hierarchical sequence analysis method oriented to generation of three-dimensional hierarchical grids |
| CN102176052B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2013-05-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hierarchical sequence analysis method oriented to generation of three-dimensional hierarchical grids |
| CN102590859A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油集团西北地质研究所 | Anisotropic reverse time migration method for quasi-P wave equation in transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI) medium |
| CN102590859B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-01-22 | 中国石油集团西北地质研究所 | Anisotropic reverse time migration method for quasi-P wave equation in transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI) medium |
| CN107704685A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of Meshing Method and device |
| CN107704685B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-04-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Mesh division method and device |
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| CN101598804B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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