CN1015978B - Capstan for belt-gearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device which comprises a belt wheel 1 whose circumferential part is provided with a pressure roller suitable for connecting with a flat flexible belt (such as a belt 4), and the pressure roller is installed at one end of a lever 8 and can rotate freely. The pressure roller 7 is pressed towards the circumferential surface of the belt wheel 1 under the action of a compression spring 10, and the outlines of the pressure roller 7 and the belt wheel 1 are complementary. The device is suitable for loads with traction type drag connected with a belt.

Description

Capstan for belt-gearing

The present invention relates to a kind of driving load device, this load is to be connected on the flat flexible belt, for example belt or ribbon.

As everyone knows, capstan winch is made of the driving pulley of manual or motor-driven driving, orders about hawser and travels forward, and do not wind up.The belt pulley of this device is by turning unit to the gripping power of hawser in the groove, the pressure of for example single pressure roller or serial pressure roller and be that this pressure is provided by load deflection and action of the spring again.This device has had illustrated, and for example French Patent (FRP) numbers 1,121,039 and 1,389,136.

The shortcoming of said apparatus is to use flat band, particularly the flat band such as belt as with the connection mode of load.

The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, and propose a kind ofly, clamp and guide piece the actuating device that the flat flexible belt that is connected with load is formed by belt pulley.The design of belt pulley, clamping and guiding parts is the flat flexible belt that allows to drive such as flat belt, also to consider when using this band and the constrained force that causes, this constrained force is different from driving and resembles circular bands such as hawser, hawser flexible than flat be with much smaller, especially much smaller than belt.

The present invention has narrated pressure that constant spring pressure and load flexing action convert clamps flexible belt in pulley groove two kinds of main modes, thereby makes the present invention be applicable to the various possible modification of known devices.

In each mode of this dual mode, flexible belt is pressed on the pressure of belt pulley outer fringe surface, can provides by the single compressing member or the serial compressing member that are configured on the belt pulley circumference.Under serial measuring phase, pressure is to act on respectively on each compressing member by each independent springing, or masterpiece is used for a bit, by steering swivel system or by per two compressing members being coupled together,, the mode that compressing member forms chain gets on thereby being delivered to each compressing member with a series of connecting rods.

The independent springing effect and the flexing action of this spring or each compressing member, above-mentioned spring or play the spring combination of constant pre-clamping action.Action of the spring also can be replaced by the elastic deformation of belt pulley circumferential surface or anchor shaft compressing member.Latter event when flexible belt passes belt pulley, can be realized by the mode of withdrawal compressing member axle.

Be under the chain type bonded assembly situation at compressing member, described chain is subjected to the effect of tractive force.Tractive force is by the end of the chain, from the flex member of the load rope that is positioned at band, along with belt pulley radius at an angle of 90 direction at the most, affact and with the other end of chain of zero load rope homonymy.

Under the load flexing action, no matter be single compressing member or serial compressing member, all come to obtain application force from flex member by connecting rod or the adjustable or non-adjustable lever of a cover.

No matter embodiment adopts single compressing member still is serial compressing member, on the belt pulley with arc of curvature all covered the central angle of belt pulley maximum.

Drive system can also be designed to make on two belt pulleys band to form the form of S shape track by two belt pulleys.To load and opinion, following belt pulley also will be installed and compress guide piece.According to the present invention, the flat band and the cooperation with it that connect load for above-mentioned drive system is suitable for, the belt pulley gabarit surface that adapts with flat band cross section also has various modification, so that improve the clamping and centering effect of belt with respect to the belt pulley midship section.The surface profile of single compressing member or serial compressing member then be equivalent to join the surface profile of belt pulley.

Therefore, belt pulley gabarit surface can be the flat type of band side guide rib, or recessed ellipse, or extremely flat V-type, and its bottom is flat or tangent with V-type both sides arc.Can also be and the diametical male type of above-mentioned matrix.Under above-mentioned every kind of situation, single compressing member or serial compressing member should mate mutually with the gabarit shape of join belt pulley, to guarantee that belt pulley, flat band and compressing member are normally moved.

Belt pulley and compressing member gabarit surface can apply certain material selectively, so that improve used bonding force with certain one side in two-sided, this depends on the situation of material formation bonding force and decides.Yet certain coarse form, for example annular knurl can be made in the surface of belt pulley and compressing member.

As mentioned above, such profile, so the effect of the compressing member of configuration realizes by spring or by the flexible-disc joint system, the flex member of deflection connected system from the load rope transmitted the load effect with zero load rope homonymy.

Compressing member is pressed on band on the driving pulley gabarit surface, regardless of the mode that acts on the compressing member, the profile of flat band and amount of deflection all require the guidance mode that provides suitable, so that when tractive load rises, guarantee the true(-)running of unloaded rope, especially during normal operation, avoid on drive pulley, taking place untimely wrapping phenomena.Equally, in load rope the same side of band, also be like this if load is cancelled.Therefore, it has covered the belt pulley gabarit surface that is not covered by flexible belt to the invention provides a kind of guide piece, at least must leave a side of belt pulley outside face at the zero load rope, the rope that leaves this surface so just departs from out from the circular movement track of original pulley movements.For this reason, guide piece has the curved surface that is not meshed by band covering place with the belt pulley gabarit, and from being with a bit extending to another point 2 that engage with belt pulley.

Guide piece should be prolonged at each end of plane of bending, and the motion by installation side panel pilot tape in device is along desirable direction transmission.Termination at above-mentioned stream oriented device can also suitable structure add the 4th panel, and the guide piece of Xing Chenging can constitute solid or the semisolid sheet like this, perhaps be exactly one should be crooked plate.

Guide piece can be installed near the position of belt pulley one end, could guarantee that like this arc and belt pulley are concentric.

Guide piece also can contact with belt pulley by the spring that acts on guide surface, and guide piece is positioned at the belt pulley opposite, and its effect is adjustable.This apparatus surface radius of curvature is significantly less than the belt pulley radius, so only is two ends and belt pulley wipe contact.

Under the regulating spring effect, the motion of auxiliary device guiding guide piece if necessary, can be regulated guide piece and not come in contact with belt pulley.

In a kind of particular embodiment, facing to the guide piece cambered surface of belt pulley, available elastomeric material is manufactured, and demonstrates the flexible of cambered surface under the effect of spring.

Be the effect of alternative or additional guide piece, the axle a pair of pressure roller parallel with belt wheel can be joined together with idle end rope and the rope when losing load outside belt wheel.Each is to can be by near the pressure roller it to finishing, and its axle is with last vertical to pressure roller, so that surround the surface of the flat band of definite thickness.

In a kind of improvement embodiment of this device, a kind of device that transmits the belt wheel rotation is arranged, be applicable to the pressure roller that axle is parallel with belt pulley, drive pressure roller and rotate with a direction.Its linear velocity passes to band when rotating with belt wheel linear velocity is identical.

In a kind of embodiment of simplification, above-mentioned a pair of or severally only have a pressure roller to be driven to pressure roller, other pressure rollers are pressed to belt surface by a kind of suitable pressure mode, make to be driven between pressure roller and the band to keep constant the contact.

In another kind remodeling, the zero load rope of band can be recovered by a kind of wind2 that is installed on the device.Wind2 has a spring system, and regardless of turning to of wind2, perseverance can make it guide coiling direction into, yet the load of load rope is not during towards the below, just can not keep the pulling force of load rope.

For more being expressly understood device of the present invention,, introduce several embodiment preferred with reference to following scheme drawing.

Fig. 1 is the front elevation of first kind of embodiment device of the present invention, and this installs the belt that comprises pressure roller in order to driving, and pressure roller is contained on the spring pressure lever, and rotates around attachment point.

Fig. 2 is the longitudinal diagram of Fig. 1 device.

Fig. 3 is the front elevation of second embodiment of the present invention.Here a plurality of independently pressure rollers have been used.

Fig. 4 is the front elevation from the clamping capstan winch, and in order to driving belt, this is the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal diagram of Fig. 4 capstan winch pulley.

Fig. 6 is the 4th a kind of embodiment front elevation by the actuating device belt of the present invention's making.

Fig. 7 to Figure 12 is the branch longitudinal diagram, show apparatus of the present invention pulley groove and join and clamp the various superior profiles of pressure roller.

Figure 13 is the remodeling of Fig. 1 device, and it comprises second belt pulley.

Figure 14 is the branch cross-section front view of the 5th kind of embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, and this device has guide piece.

Figure 15 is identical with Figure 14 device, but different guide piecees is arranged.

Figure 16 is the remodeling of Figure 15.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, device includes belt pulley 1 among the figure, and its center is fixed on the axle drive shaft 2.The synthetic material of the gabarit part 3 usefulness great friction coefficients of wheel 1 is made.Smooth being equipped with of gabarit is with 4.Fit with the major part of wheel 1 gabarit 3 with 4.Wherein a rope 5 joins (not drawing among the figure) with load, can draw up and down, and another root 6 is a dead end.

Take turns compressing by pressure roller 7 on 1 gabarit with 4.Pressure roller 7 can rotate, and is installed in an end of lever 8.The other end of lever 8 is contained on the anchor shaft 9, and can rotate around axle 9.Compression spring 10 is contained on the fixed structure piece 11, and it is pressed in roller 7 on the blanking bar 6 facing to the belt pulley gabarit and clamps and be with 4.As shown in Figure 2, pressure roller 7 sections are flat, are equivalent to the gabarit of belt pulley 1, and it can make and be with 4 to clamp entire cross section like this.

The position of lever 8 is fixed.Like this, the wheel 1 and the increasing of partly trying one's best with 4 gabarits of joining make belt pulley the most firm with the band engagement.

Fig. 3 is an another embodiment of the invention, is clipped on the gabarit of wheel 12 by many belt pulley independent pressure rollers 24 on every side that radially are configured in 4, and wheel 12 is fixed on the axle 13.Every pressure roller 24 can rotate, and is contained in respectively on the wheel carrier 25 that is pressed with spring 26.Spring props up on framework 27 along the belt pulley direction.Two pressure rollers 28 are contained on the frame axle 29, can rotate, and are engaging the stage at the whole story to being with 14 guiding.

As can be seen, this device that has independent pressure roller can make load arbitrarily hang on 4 two ropes 15,16 arbitrary.

To be a capstan winch axle drive shaft 31 passed by the central opening 32 of housing 33 embodiment of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.Housing fits together and constitutes two side plates 34,35 with bolt 36, stull 37.Belt pulley 38 is fixed on the axle 31, and its outer rim 39 is made by the synthetic material of great friction coefficient, makes the V shaped wheel exterior feature of big opening, is beneficial to follow fine the coincideing in the middle part with 40 on wheel, wraps in around the wheel.A rope 41 connects load (not drawing among the figure) in the band, traction up and down.Another then zero load of root 42.

Take turns clamping by link chain of 38 gabarits with 40.Link chain is linked together chain link 43 by minor axis 44 and makes.Each minor axis 44 is being supported a V-arrangement pressure roller 45 that is complementary with wheel 38 gabarits 39.

Be positioned at the terminal link 43 at leash end 41 places that connect load ', be fixed on the belt pulley framework with spools 46.Minor axis 46 is hinged with an end of connecting rod 47.The other end is being accepted deflector roll 48, and the rope 41 of accepting of belt passes through from deflector roll 48.Another terminal link 43 of chain is " by its minor axis 44 ' join with an end of connecting rod 49.The other end of connecting rod 49 is connected on the minor axis 50, can rotate.Minor axis 50 is affixed with framework.Connecting rod 49 is axially having many holes 51, and an end of connecting rod 53 can be regulated the hinges fixing fixed point by minor axis 52.The other end of connecting rod 53 is connected on the pivot of deflector roll 48, can rotate.

Be understood that, when wheel 38 rotates (, not drawing among the figure),, transmit effectively and be with 40 motions by the thrust between race and pressure roller by actuating device.Under the effect of deflector roll 48 and connecting rod 53, the load of connection cord 41 is big more, and gripping power is big more.For given load value, be connected adjustability between connecting rod 49 and the connecting rod 53 and can change the tractive force that the dead end deflector roll 48 that is subjected to chain is influenced.

Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is pressed on the gabarit of belt pulley 55 by link chain with 54, and belt pulley is contained on the axle 56.Continuous chain link 57 is joined together to form link chain by the minor axis 58 of supporting pressure roller 59.At 60 places that restrict with 54 carrying, carry last pressure roller 59 ' minor axis 58 ' be installed on the attachment point.Its position should make at least pressure roller 59 ' can be with 54 to keep in touch.At the other end, last chain link 57 is connected with the minor axis of pressure roller 61, and pressure roller 61 is contained in the termination of lever 62, and lever 62 can rotate around anchor shaft 63.Contrast Fig. 1 structure, the spring 64 that is pressed in fixed position 65 makes lever 62 that link chain is pressed to the belt wheel gabarit.

Fig. 7 is the gabarit 69 of a device 68 among the present invention.Race has oval concave arc 71, and pressure roller 72 will be with 70 to be pressed in the groove, and its shape and race just in time compensate.The spill of race is certainly different, and is for example circular.

The race gabarit of belt wheel 73 has flat 74 to hold pressure roller 75 among Fig. 8.The gabarit of belt wheel 77 is wide mouthful V-slots 78 among Fig. 9, and its bottom is by constituting with the tangent camber line in both sides.The gabarit of belt wheel 79 has wide opening V-slot 80 among Figure 10, and the bottom is flat.The groove profile of Figure 11 belt wheel 82 is circular protrusions.But this arc can be oval.The groove profile 83 of Figure 12 belt wheel 84 is wide opening overturning projection V-types, and the top equating can tapered or arc.

Figure 13 is an another embodiment of the invention, and it will couple together such as two devices of Fig. 3.Be with 87 on belt wheel 85,86, to pass through formation S track continuously.Possibility with this constructional device can increase certainly greatly.

The embodiment of Figure 14, driving wheel are 91, are with 92 to move on its gabarit.As shown in the figure, 93 place's pressure rollers are installed on the rotary arm 94, are with 92, the 96 load ropes that are depicted as with 92, the 97th, the rope that becomes flexible on 91 pressing to wheel under the effect of spring 95.

The curved metal sheet of curved guide 98 usefulness is made, and the upper surface radius of curvature is identical with belt wheel 91, and the cambered surface 99 of guide piece 98 should match with wheel 91 gabarit shapes at the position that is not capped, and on the trailing wheel with in 92 2 a bit to another some extension.Two side surfaces 100 expanded cambered surface 99 ' each side all guiding in the belt wheel with 92 in the device track by appointment, two sides 100 are connected with lower surface 101 jointly, lower surface 101 be installed in the affixed support 102 of device frame on, cambered surface 99 just is installed near on the terminal position that is capped cambered surface on the belt pulley like this.

When being noted that the load on upwards traction is connected with 96, loosening rope 97 can not take place leave belt pulley 91, thereby form the danger that eventuality engages in 96 in belt pulley gabarit and the load rope that is rising.Equally, descending in servicely, if load no longer acts on the rope 96, when for example running into obstacle, also can not restrict 96 is clipped in the belt wheel gabarit and reenters danger between the loosening rope 97 of belt wheel.

Figure 15 is the remodeling of Figure 14 device, but a different guide piece 104 is arranged, and its cambered surface 105 usefulness elastomeric materials are made, and its radius of curvature is significantly smaller than the radius of belt wheel 106.Spring 107 in cambered surface 105, produces friction along cambered surface symmetric line directive effect when its two ends are contacted with belt wheel 106 gabarits.Spring 107 is by installing on 109 anchor fittings 108 that firmly are supported on the framework, and device 109 is in order to mounting spring and regulating spring pressure.

In addition, as shown in figure 15, the load rope 110 with 112 passes through two pairs of pressure rollers 113,114, pressure roller axis and belt pulley 106 parallel axes respectively with unloaded rope 111.The rotation of belt pulley 106 is passed to and is with 115, rotates thereby drive two pressure rollers 113.Linear velocity with 115 equates that with wheel 106 linear resonance surface velocities that pass to 112 two pressure rollers 114 freely rotate.Under the effect of spring 116, will be with 112 to be pressed on the pressure roller 113.Certainly, leave being driven by pressure roller 113,114 of belt pulley 106 with 112 rope.Its rotating speed is identical with belt wheel 106.So just, the elephant hide belt wheel engages like that with rope with 112, can prevent to restrict to form kink suddenly.

As shown in figure 14, as a kind of remodeling, be replaced by the drum 118 unloaded rope 97 of reeling at pressure rollers 113,114 with 92 unloaded rope 97 1 sides.Spring 119 is housed on the drum, turns to regardless of drum 118 like this, perseverance makes it towards coiling direction (being the direction of arrow A).

Shown in last is the remodeling of Figure 16.Every pair of pressure roller 113,114 and 120,121 associatings of a pair of pressure roller, its axle is vertical with the latter.After the installation, just band is surrounded, but free to rotate.The common pulling force that produces on the rope of power operated pressure roller 113,114 and pressure roller 120,121 synergy belts, the rope that has prevented belt is because flexible and stuck.

Be noted that above-mentioned explanation only provides with way of example, without any words of limitation.Therefore, can make structural complement and amendments, and not deviate from the scope and spirit of the following claim of the present invention it.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of device that drives load, comprise the belt wheel that is subjected to driven in rotation, belt in above-mentioned belt wheel circumferential surface operation, a certain rope of belt connects load, stressing device is pressed in band on the belt wheel circumferential surface, it is characterized by: described stressing device mainly is made up of at least one pressure roller, above-mentioned band is a platypelloid type, flexible, the belt wheel circumferential surface has the platypelloid type band of envelope with acceptance through processing, the belt wheel circumferential surface is corresponding each other with pressure roller or serial pressure roller circumferential surface, and on the belt wheel hand of rotation, guide piece contacts with belt wheel at flexible belt, the point-to-point transmission of throwing off is connected with belt wheel, described guide piece departs from leass, makes belt break away from the circular path of belt wheel motion.

2, by the device of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized by to have and make the effect of centering of the relative mid-plane of flat band when guaranteeing in operation in above-mentioned belt wheel circumferential surface profile, described profile is flat and is surrounded with flange, and pressure roller spare circumferential surface also is flat.

3, the device of stipulating by claim 1, it is characterized by the profile of belt wheel circumferential surface, when operation, can make the relative mid-plane of flat band have the effect of centering, above-mentioned profile is the V-arrangement of recessed ellipse or flattening, may the bottom be flat also, or the bottom is to form with the tangent camber line of V-arrangement two arms, and the pressure roller circumferential surface is corresponding each other with the belt wheel circumferential surface.

4, the device of stipulating by claim 1, the profile that it is characterized by the belt wheel circumferential surface is when operation, make flat band have the effect of centering with respect to mid-plane, described profile is the oval V-arrangement that forms or flatten of projection, also can be flat or with the tangent camber line of V-arrangement two arms, pressure roller circumferential surface and the mutual induction of belt wheel circumferential surface.

5, the device of stipulating by claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned guide piece is made of curved surface, be installed in as far as possible near on the terminal location of belt wheel arch section, in order to stop flexible flat band facing to belt wheel, and away from belt wheel, described curved surface is concentric with the belt wheel curved surfaces.

6, the device of stipulating by claim 1, it is characterized by the guide piece that constitutes by curved surface, be installed in as far as possible near on the terminal location of belt wheel arch section facing to belt wheel, in order to stop flexible flat band, and away from belt wheel, described surperficial arc radius is significantly less than the belt wheel radius, it is installed on a certain position, can be under the effect of spring towards the belt wheel central motion, the two ends that make it are with friction mode and belt wheel circumferential contact, described position can be regulated, and makes contact friction force changeable, perhaps makes the two ends on described surface end to contact with the belt wheel circumference.

7, by the device of claim 5 regulation, all available side plate of each end that it is characterized by the guide piece curved surface is expanded, and is mounted to and can makes its export mouth operation towards device frame to the operation orientation of band rope.

8, the device of stipulating by claim 1 to 7, it is characterized by between the outlet of belt wheel and device has a pair of pressure roller to be installed in two planes of flat band at the zero load rope of being with at least, its axle is parallel with belt wheel, the constant contact in two planes of pressure roller and described band, with its motion, one of them pressure roller is pressed on described being with by spring, and a pressure roller is driven with the speed identical with the belt wheel circumferential velocity.

9, by the device of claim 8 regulation, it is characterized by and a pair of or several pressure roller is helped out by near a pair of pressure roller, this axle to pressure roller is vertical with first pressure roller shaft, thus with band around getting up.

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