CN101597737A - Crankshaft spraying reparation method - Google Patents
Crankshaft spraying reparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101597737A CN101597737A CNA2009100404273A CN200910040427A CN101597737A CN 101597737 A CN101597737 A CN 101597737A CN A2009100404273 A CNA2009100404273 A CN A2009100404273A CN 200910040427 A CN200910040427 A CN 200910040427A CN 101597737 A CN101597737 A CN 101597737A
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- bent axle
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- bottom transition
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electrical design field, disclose a kind of crankshaft spraying reparation method.This method mainly comprises: the zone of oxidation, the passivation layer that grind off bent axle surface to be repaired; Matting, surface-active-treatment; Adopt electric discharge machine plucking on to be repaired of described bent axle rough, nickel-base alloy is bonded on to be repaired of the described bent axle, form the first bottom transition layer; Use flame spray gun, nickel-base alloy is sprayed the surface that is combined in the described first bottom transition layer, form the second bottom transition layer, use flame spray gun, raw material is sprayed the surface that is combined in the described second bottom transition layer, form working lining.Adopt this method to make that the similarity of repair layer and bent axle body is higher, and present method is more convenient to operate and be more conducive to environmental protection according to reaching better repairing effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical design field, relate in particular to a kind of repair process of bent axle.
Background technology
Bent axle in present mechanical industry in the machinery of diesel engine, reciprocating piston type work (for example air compressor, shuttle pump class, reciprocating steam engine etc.) be widely used, its major parts bent axle is one can bear repeated load, the vitals of the precision of high mechanical strength, costliness.The reparation of bent axle (at recovering tolerance dimension) is a special repair technology, and all there are corresponding techniques code requirement and check in each engineering department (boats and ships are surveying society, marine board, fish-farming operation department, use then by labour bureau, traffic bureau, Department of Qulity Supervision on the bank).Because exceeding the technology that code requirement requires to repair, the wearing and tearing that long-time running produces mainly contain chromium plating, plating iron and electric welding built-up welding etc. for bent axle according to present home and abroad.
Forbid to adopt the electric welding built-up welding, cause crankshaft deformation, weld bond embrittlement, defectives such as layer be full of cracks for the bent axle of wearing and tearing at present because of the built-up welding meeting.Usually adopt electric plating method to repair, and plating mode mainly contains following two kinds:
First kind is plating iron: adopt galvanized mode, with the surface of iron ion plating at bent axle.But adopt the mode of plating iron to have following defective:
1, production efficiency is low, and electroplating velocity was generally 0.01mm/ hour, and a bent axle generally will divide more than 2 times and could plate, and needs 2 day time at every turn.
2, because the character of iron has determined that the density of plating iron layer is comparatively loose, and the density requirements of bent axle is often higher, so adopt the mode of plating iron often need generally all will carry out carburizing treatment to improve coating hardness after plating is finished after plating iron, coating surface can crack performance occur very soon and cause bent axle not use after use.
3, in the application of reality, bent axle for different rotating speeds, its material and hardness are all different, with the diesel engine is example, the bent axle hardness of general high-speed diesel engine is: HRC55～56, the middling speed machine is: HRC52～53 °, low-speed machine is: HRC45～46 °, Wa Xilan 4L20 diesel engine series hardness are HRC29～30 °.And the mode of employing plating iron exists the hardness of electrolytic coating and the hardness of bent axle body to differ, and it is best that the use properties of the bent axle after causing repairing can not reach.
4, adopt electric plating method, because the price height of the material chromic anhydride of plating bath causes galvanized cost higher, the big serious environment pollution of waste plating solution intractability is unfavorable for environmental protection simultaneously.
Second kind is chromium plating: adopt galvanized mode, with the surface of complex ion plating at bent axle.But adopt chromed mode to have following defective:
1, because the characteristic of plating itself makes thickness of plating layer limited, so, in electroplating the process of repairing, need to adopt repeatedly to electroplate just can finish for the higher bent axle of the degree of wear.
2, because the character of chromium has determined that the density of chromium coating is really up to the mark, in the application of reality, the bent axle of different rotating speeds, its material and hardness are all different, so chromed technology generally is only applicable to the bigger high speed bent axle of bent axle body hardness in the application of reality, and be not suitable in the bent axle reparation of middling speed or low speed.
3, adopt chromed mode, the hardness of coating often differs with the hardness of bent axle body, and it is best that the use properties of the bent axle after causing repairing can not reach.
4, adopt electric plating method, because the price height of the material chromic anhydride of plating bath causes galvanized cost higher, the big serious environment pollution of waste plating solution intractability is unfavorable for environmental protection simultaneously.
5, production efficiency is low, and electroplating velocity was generally 0.01mm/ hour, and a bent axle generally will divide more than 2 times and could plate, and needs 2 day time at every turn.
6, thickness of coating is restricted, adopts electroplating technique, and thickness of coating generally can not surpass 0.5mm, surpasses coating and the explosion phenomenon can occur, can not satisfy actual needs.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the embodiment of the invention, a kind of bent axle restorative procedure is provided, adopts this method to make the material similarity of repair layer and bent axle body higher according to reaching better repairing effect, safe and reliable, and present method more convenient to operate in repairing, be more conducive to environmental protection.
A kind of bent axle restorative procedure that the embodiment of the invention provides comprises:
Grind off zone of oxidation, the passivation layer on bent axle surface to be repaired;
Matting, surface-active-treatment;
Adopt electric discharge machine plucking on to be repaired of described bent axle rough, nickel-base alloy is bonded on to be repaired of the described bent axle, form the first bottom transition layer;
Use flame spray gun, nickel-base alloy sprayed the surface that is combined in the described first bottom transition layer, form the second bottom transition layer,
Wherein, when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till the size of the described second bottom transition layer reaches predetermined size;
Use flame spray gun, raw material sprayed the surface that is combined in the described second bottom transition layer, form working lining,
Wherein, when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till described bent axle is repaired predetermined size,
Wherein, described raw material is for satisfying when the type of front crankshaft body and the composite material of hardness requirement.
Alternatively, described raw material is and works as the identical composite material of front crankshaft bulk material.
Alternatively, the spraying coating process condition when the described second bottom transition layer of spraying is: air compressor machine pressure: 6～8kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 5kg/cm
2, acetylene: 0.8kg/cm
2
Alternatively, the spraying coating process condition when the described working lining of spraying is: air compressor machine pressure 7～9kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 7kg/cm
2, acetylene: 1.1kg/cm
2, the distance of spray gun and workpiece: 70mm～100mm.
Alternatively, when the thickness of the working lining of needs sprayings less than 2mm, then the distance of spray gun and workpiece is 70mm～80mm;
When the thickness of the working lining of needs sprayings greater than 2mm, then the distance of spray gun and workpiece is 90mm～100mm.
Alternatively, at the described second bottom transition layer of spraying, and when spraying described working lining, described bent axle is in rotating state.
Alternatively, at the described second bottom transition layer of spraying, and when spraying described working lining, use infrared detecting group to survey the temperature of described bent axle.
Therefore embodiment of the invention employing spraying method is repaired bent axle mainly has following advantage:
1, this technology reduces environmental protection more to air and contaminated water source greatly with respect to electroplating restorative procedure.
2, because in the present embodiment before the spraying working lining, adopting Cremation Machine is the surface that nickel is combined in the bent axle body firmly, re-use the bright eruption machine and enclosing one deck nickel on the surface of the nickel of the first bottom transition layer once more---the second bottom transition layer, combine closely by the second bottom transition layer and the first bottom transition layer, the working lining and the second bottom transition layer that can guarantee the processing mode unanimity are combined closely, make working lining can be combined in the surface of bent axle body firmly by the improvement transition layer, reach the purpose of reparation, and guarantee that repair layer and bent axle body combine firmly, the bent axle after guaranteeing to repair in use has preferable performance.Experiment showed, and adopt the secondary bottom to cross the coating transition in the present embodiment, can make its conjugation of working lining and bent axle body improve more than 20% than the conjugation of plasma spraying.
3, adopt spraying coating process, sprayed coating thickness can satisfy the requirement of comparison galling, and (general wear range is: 0.5mm～15mm), with respect to adopting electroplating technique, the subject range of using present embodiment technology is wider.
In addition, with respect to plating iron of the prior art, chromed renovation technique, use the present embodiment method and can repair the surperficial working lining that forms according to the raw material of the material selection spraying of working as the front crankshaft body, the method of using present embodiment can make that the similarity of material, hardness and bent axle body of the working lining of repairing outside surface is higher, so use the reparation that the present embodiment method can be fit to the bent axle of various rotating speeds, the range of application of present embodiment method is more extensive.
Particularly; adopt the mode of spraying that bent axle is repaired; pass through micro pores on the coating; (less than the 3-5 micron); by these trickle holes, can infilter the lubricating oil of preserving trace, can help forming the good oil film that is evenly distributed to the neck of bent axle in the work; especially begin to start at machine, when lubricating oil pressure does not reach rated pressure or bent axle is on-stream when sudden oil pressure having taken place descending, prolonged bent axle work-ing life effectively thereby play provide protection to bent axle.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, does not constitute to improper qualification of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
The schematic flow sheet of a kind of bent axle restorative procedure that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, be used for explaining the present invention in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of bent axle restorative procedure that present embodiment provides mainly comprises following flow process:
Step 101: cleaning is checked, is determined defective to be repaired.
Bent axle is cleaned, check outward appearance, sign needs the part of reparation, so that use following method that position to be repaired is repaired accordingly.
Step 102: the zone of oxidation, the passivation layer that grind off bent axle surface to be repaired.
With grinding machine on the bent axle to be repaired, the zone of oxidation, passivation layer (claiming fatigue layer again) etc. that grind off bent axle surface to be repaired are not easy to other composition bonded upper layers, so as with repair layer directly and the body of bent axle fit.
Step 103: matting, surface-active-treatment.
Use the chemically cleaning material to treat repair surface and clean, the impurity of further removing to be repaired surface is so that the body of repair layer is direct and bent axle fits.
Step 104: the processing first bottom transition layer on to be repaired of bent axle.
Use the pure nickel plate rough, the part nickel-base alloy is bonded at firmly on the surface of workpiece, form bottom transition for the first time by spark machine by spark machine plucking on workpiece.
Step 105: the spraying second bottom transition layer on to be repaired of bent axle.
Use flame spray gun, the nickel-base alloy spraying is combined in the surface of the first bottom transition layer that step 104 obtains, form the second bottom transition layer.
Wherein, for fear of cause crankshaft deformation owing to temperature is too high, the present inventor finds to adopt following technology can either guarantee that the nickel-base alloy of the second bottom transition layer firmly is sprayed on the first bottom transition layer by a large amount of experiments, can prevent that again the bent axle body from producing distortion owing to being heated: when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till the size of the second bottom transition layer reaches predetermined size.
In this step,, bent axle can be contained on the electronic support, use the motor drives bent axle to select dress, when spraying, can evenly spray on the surface of bent axle easily like this for the ease of spraying.Use convenient.
Step 106: on to be repaired of bent axle, spray working lining.
Mainly require to select for use the spraying raw material of different composite material seat working linings according to different types and hardness, with the requirement that reaches technical specifications (as diesel engine, petrol motor, air compressor, can select stainless iron for use, soft steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel, hardness can select Rockwell 35 to spend to 56 degree etc.), make the spraying working lining with when the front crankshaft body compatible better.
Such as, be provided with in the present embodiment and can choose the spraying starting material of the composite material consistent as working lining with the material of working as the front crankshaft body.
Use flame spray gun, the raw material spraying is combined in the surface that step 106 is processed the second bottom transition layer that obtains, form working lining.
In this step,, bent axle can be contained on the electronic support, use the motor drives bent axle to select dress, when spraying, can evenly spray on the surface of bent axle easily like this for the ease of spraying.Use convenient.
Wherein, for fear of cause crankshaft deformation owing to temperature is too high, the present inventor finds to adopt following technology can either guarantee that raw material can firmly be sprayed on the second bottom transition layer by a large amount of experiments, can prevent that again the bent axle body from producing distortion owing to being heated: when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying work; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till bent axle is repaired predetermined size.
In step 105,106, can be when spraying, use infrared detecting group to survey the temperature of bent axle, when crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till spraying to predetermined size, spray thereby be implemented in certain temperature range, the crankcase temperature in the spraying process is effectively controlled.
Therefore embodiment of the invention employing spraying method is repaired bent axle mainly has following advantage:
1, this technology reduces environmental protection more to air and contaminated water source greatly with respect to electroplating restorative procedure.
2, because in the present embodiment before the spraying working lining, adopting Cremation Machine is the surface that nickel is combined in the bent axle body firmly, re-use the bright eruption machine and enclosing one deck nickel on the surface of the nickel of the first bottom transition layer once more---the second bottom transition layer, combine closely by the second bottom transition layer and the first bottom transition layer, the working lining and the second bottom transition layer that can guarantee the processing mode unanimity are combined closely, make working lining can be combined in the surface of bent axle body firmly by the improvement transition layer, reach the purpose of reparation, and guarantee that repair layer and bent axle body combine firmly, the bent axle after guaranteeing to repair in use has preferable performance.Experiment showed, and adopt the secondary bottom to cross the coating transition in the present embodiment, can make its conjugation of working lining and bent axle body improve more than 20% than the conjugation of plasma spraying.
3, adopt spraying coating process, sprayed coating thickness can satisfy the requirement of comparison galling, and (general wear range is: 0.5mm～15mm), with respect to adopting electroplating technique, the subject range of using present embodiment technology is wider.
In addition, with respect to plating iron of the prior art, chromed renovation technique, use the present embodiment method and can repair the surperficial working lining that forms according to the raw material of the material selection spraying of working as the front crankshaft body, the method of using present embodiment can make that the similarity of material, hardness and bent axle body of the working lining of repairing outside surface is higher, so use the reparation that the present embodiment method can be fit to the bent axle of various rotating speeds, the range of application of present embodiment method is more extensive.
Particularly; adopt the mode of spraying that bent axle is repaired; pass through micro pores on the coating; (less than the 3-5 micron); by these trickle holes, can infilter the lubricating oil of preserving trace, can help forming the good oil film that is evenly distributed to the neck of bent axle in the work; especially begin to start at machine, when lubricating oil pressure does not reach rated pressure or bent axle is on-stream when sudden oil pressure having taken place descending, prolonged bent axle work-ing life effectively thereby play provide protection to bent axle.
As a kind of preferred scheme, when the step 105 processing second bottom transition layer, the present inventor is through a large amount of experimental analyses, it is impaired to be subjected to high temperature for fear of nickel-base alloy, simultaneously can guarantee that again nickel-base alloy is effectively melted the firm surface that is sprayed on the first bottom transition layer, when carrying out this step 105, preferably select following spraying parameter for use: air compressor machine pressure: 6～8kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 5kg/cm
2, acetylene: 0.8kg/cm
2
As a kind of preferred scheme, when step 106 processing working lining, the present inventor is through a large amount of experimental analyses, impaired and influence working lining and bent axle body adherent stability and influence repairing effect for fear of the nickel-base alloy of second transition layer, simultaneously can guarantee that again the raw material of working lining is effectively melted the firm surface that is sprayed on the second bottom transition layer, when carrying out this step 106, preferably select following spraying parameter for use: air compressor machine pressure 7～9kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 7kg/cm
2, acetylene: 1.1kg/cm
2, the distance of spray gun and workpiece should be chosen: 70mm～100mm is good.
Especially, the inventor finds that the distance of spray gun and workpiece is directly connected to the density of coating, and the inventor finds: less than 2mm, should choose: 90mm～100mm by the distance of spray gun and workpiece at thickness for coating if desired; Greater than 2mm, should choose by the distance of spray gun and workpiece at thickness for coating if desired: pressurization is sprayed onto on the axle journal through firing system for 70mm～80mm, raw material.
More than the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provided is described in detail, used specific case herein the principle and the embodiment of the embodiment of the invention are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment only is applicable to the principle that helps to understand the embodiment of the invention; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of bent axle restorative procedure is characterized in that, comprising:
Grind off zone of oxidation, the passivation layer on bent axle surface to be repaired;
Matting, surface-active-treatment;
Adopt electric discharge machine plucking on to be repaired of described bent axle rough, nickel-base alloy is bonded on to be repaired of the described bent axle, form the first bottom transition layer;
Use flame spray gun, nickel-base alloy sprayed the surface that is combined in the described first bottom transition layer, form the second bottom transition layer,
Wherein, when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till the size of the described second bottom transition layer reaches predetermined size;
Use flame spray gun, raw material sprayed the surface that is combined in the described second bottom transition layer, form working lining,
Wherein, when crankcase temperature reaches 150 ℃, stop spraying; When crankcase temperature drops to 80 ℃, continue spraying, till described bent axle is repaired predetermined size,
Wherein, described raw material is for satisfying when the type of front crankshaft body and the composite material of hardness requirement.
2, bent axle restorative procedure according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described raw material is and works as the identical composite material of front crankshaft bulk material.
3, bent axle restorative procedure according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Spraying coating process condition when the described second bottom transition layer of spraying is: air compressor machine pressure: 6～8kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 5kg/cm
2, acetylene: 0.8kg/cm
2
4, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described bent axle restorative procedures, it is characterized in that,
Spraying coating process condition when the described working lining of spraying is: air compressor machine pressure 7～9kg/cm
2, oxygen pressure: 7kg/cm
2Acetylene: 1.1kg/cm
2, the distance of spray gun and workpiece: 70mm～100mm.
5, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described bent axle restorative procedures, it is characterized in that,
When the thickness of the working lining of needs sprayings less than 2mm, then the distance of spray gun and workpiece is 70mm～80mm;
When the thickness of the working lining of needs sprayings greater than 2mm, then the distance of spray gun and workpiece is 90mm～100mm.
6, bent axle restorative procedure according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
At the described second bottom transition layer of spraying, and when spraying described working lining, described bent axle is in rotating state.
7, according to claim 1,2 or 3 described bent axle restorative procedures, it is characterized in that,
At the described second bottom transition layer of spraying, and when spraying described working lining, use infrared detecting group to survey the temperature of described bent axle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100404273A CN101597737A (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-06-22 | Crankshaft spraying reparation method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100404273A CN101597737A (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2009-06-22 | Crankshaft spraying reparation method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102041465A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 | Method for repairing crankshaft of diesel engine |
| CN102492916A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Recovering method for worn shaft surface of speed changing box |
| CN102534461A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Technique for reproducing engine crankshaft by automatic high-speed arc spraying |
| CN103143880A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 平顶山易成新材料股份有限公司 | Repairing method for easy-to-wear component |
| CN104907760A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 潘洁萍 | Sugar mill millroller shaft neck wear repairing method |
| CN107299309A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-27 | 大连透平机械技术发展有限公司 | A kind of centrifugal compressed arbor method of worn |
| CN108687485A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-23 | 邢建 | A kind of crankshaft spraying reparation method |
| CN110205579A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-06 | 广东省新材料研究所 | A kind of plasma spraying rewind roll and preparation method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-06-22 CN CNA2009100404273A patent/CN101597737A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102041465A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 中国北车集团大连机车车辆有限公司 | Method for repairing crankshaft of diesel engine |
| CN102492916A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Recovering method for worn shaft surface of speed changing box |
| CN102492916B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-10-09 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Recovering method for worn shaft surface of speed changing box |
| CN102534461A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-04 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Technique for reproducing engine crankshaft by automatic high-speed arc spraying |
| CN102534461B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-10-16 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Technique for reproducing engine crankshaft by automatic high-speed arc spraying |
| CN103143880A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 平顶山易成新材料股份有限公司 | Repairing method for easy-to-wear component |
| CN104907760A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-16 | 潘洁萍 | Sugar mill millroller shaft neck wear repairing method |
| CN107299309A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-27 | 大连透平机械技术发展有限公司 | A kind of centrifugal compressed arbor method of worn |
| CN108687485A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-23 | 邢建 | A kind of crankshaft spraying reparation method |
| CN110205579A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-06 | 广东省新材料研究所 | A kind of plasma spraying rewind roll and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20091209 |