CN101597733B - Method for improving anti-erosion property of Ni-based coating - Google Patents
Method for improving anti-erosion property of Ni-based coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101597733B CN101597733B CN2009100881516A CN200910088151A CN101597733B CN 101597733 B CN101597733 B CN 101597733B CN 2009100881516 A CN2009100881516 A CN 2009100881516A CN 200910088151 A CN200910088151 A CN 200910088151A CN 101597733 B CN101597733 B CN 101597733B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel surface coating protection and provides a method for improving anti-erosion property of Ni-based coating. The method comprises the following steps: steel surface is treated, Ni-based alloy is smelt under the protection of inert gas, 15wt%-20wt% of hard alloy is added, and the smelt temperature is controlled between 1100 DEG C and 1200 DEGC; the carbon steel and low alloy steel after surface treatment are dipped into the Ni-based alloy solution, and the hot dipping time is 5-20s; the carbon steel and the low alloy steel after hot dipping are placed in the air for stewing and natural cooling, and the surface of the workpiece can form Ni-based coating with the thickness of 0.5-10mm. The invention has the advantages of improving coating hardness, refining the texture and obtaining coating with fine anti-erosion property by the alloying method. The invention also features short preparation time for coating, high production efficiency, controllable coating thickness, good junction state between the coating and the basal body, no pollutant in the production process, simple process and low cost. The operation of the method is simple and feasible, which is applicable to actual production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel top coat resist technology field, a kind of method of improving the Ni-based coating performance is provided especially.
Background technology
The wearing and tearing of metal parts are a kind of important material failure forms, and the inefficacy of component of machine has 75%～80% approximately, cause owing to wearing and tearing.China in 2006 because of frictional wear cause with a toll of 9,600 hundred million yuan.It is the major reason that a lot of machinery and equipment, damage of components are scrapped in the industrial production that solids impact or wash away the erosive wear that causes material.The solids erosive wear phenomenon that exists in the engineering is seen everywhere, and can make the helicopter engine life-span reduce by 90% like airborne dust and sand grains; The erosion on pulverized coal boiler combustion tail gas heat exchanging organ pipe road, fuel-burning power plant and the destruction of causing roughly accounts for 1/3 of line rupture protection valve; As long as the slit that the edge of compressor blade has the erosion of minute quantity material 0.05mm to occur just can cause partial stall.
China has abundant waterpower resourses, and water power is a kind of green energy resource, and Hydropower Development is significant to China.Water turbine overflowing component is the vitals of hydroelectric generator; The sand erosion of China's power station water turbine overflowing component is an outstanding problem highly visible; Like slag stock pump pump case, plate washer, rotary wheel of water turbine, seat ring, nozzle, nozzle needle, bucket etc., long-term existence erosion, burn into cavitation corrosion and interaction are to each other destroyed; Not only spillage of material is huge; And the equipment operating efficiency reduction, severe contamination life simultaneously and water surrounding (because of wearing clearance produces leakage of oil, noise) [1-3] have caused the consumption of the huge human and material resources and the energy thus.Therefore, high-abrasive material is to press for the problem of researching and solving as the work-ing life that protective coating improves consumable accessory under the erosive wear condition.
Along with the fast development of material surface modifying technology, Chinese scholars has been carried out number of research projects to the wear-proof technique against corrosion at the cheap metal material surface.At present, research both at home and abroad mainly concentrates on coating technologies such as the built-up welding of in self-fluxing alloyed powder, adding the hard phase and surfacing, spraying, molten deposited and vacuum fusion sintering.Built-up welding and surfacing are simple and practical; Be particularly suitable for the production scene; Spraying, molten apply and coating technology non-stop runs such as vacuum fusion sintering are reliable and stable, the powder range of choice is wide, coat-thickness and mechanical property can be adjusted flexibly, Operation and Maintenance is simple etc. that advantage obtains broad research and application in recent years; But it is low and cost is high that these technology make the efficient of coating, and hard is not firm and skewness with matrix bond, and coating compactness is not good.Therefore, study other coat preparing technologies and develop the top coat economical and practical, that anti-erosion property is good and in actual production, have very significant meaning.
Steel surface heat immersion plating ni base alloy coating provided by the invention has overcome that above-mentioned technical efficiency is low, cost is high, hard with matrix bond the not firm and not good shortcoming of the even coating compactness of skewness; The coat-thickness of this method preparation is controlled, and the coating maximum ga(u)ge can reach tens millimeters.The bonding state of coating and matrix is good, does not have any metallurgical imperfection at the interface, and the interface bond strength that obtains simultaneously is higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to through in nickel-base alloy, adding the wimet of 15wt%-20wt%, make that the hardness of coating improves (bringing up to 60-65HRC by 51-55HRC) after the hot dip process, thereby obtain the good top coat of anti-erosion property.
A kind of method of improving the ni base alloy coating anti-erosion property is characterized in that: as base material, as coating material, or immersion successively divides four flow processs: 1) steel substrate surface treatment with nickel-base alloy and wimet with carbon steel, low alloy steel; 2) melting nickel-base alloy and wimet; 3) hot dip process; 4) obtain coating.
Flow process 2) nickel-base alloy composition (wt%) in: (15%-20%) Cr, (0.5%～1.1%) C, (4%-6%) Si, (3%-4.5%) B, (≤3%) Fe, surplus Ni.Wimet composition (wt%): 50%WC, 1.25%Cr, 1.25%Mo, 0.5%C, surplus Fe.
Flow process 2) add-on of wimet is 15wt%-20wt% in.
Flow process 3) the hot dip process TR is at 1100 ℃～1200 ℃ in, and the immersion time is 5～20s.
Flow process 4) floating coat naturally cooling in air, its thickness is 0.5～10mm.Through adding the solution strengthening effect of wimet thinning microstructure and tungsten and carbon, the anti-erosion property of coating is improved.
In intermediate frequency furnace, carry out the nickel-base alloy smelting and feed nitrogen or argon shield.Press the nickel-base alloy composition with high carbon ferro-chrome, ferrosilicon, ferro-boron, pure nickel proportioning, consider the problem that the wimet fusing point is high, must it be broken into 1cm
3Following fritter, the high-temperature zone heating of putting into intermediate frequency furnace, in other alloy melting processes, wimet can not melt but progressively be dissolved into molten metal.After alloy all melts and the wimet dissolving finishes, melt temperature is controlled between 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, needs to keep to its objective is that the induction stirring effect through intermediate frequency furnace makes the liquation homogenization of composition about 30min.Add a small amount of Al deoxidation in the liquation, remove liquation top layer scum silica frost subsequently and carry out hot dip process.
With carrying out hot dip process in the carbon steel after the surface treatment, the low alloy steel immersion metal, the immersion time is 5～20s, and air cooling is to room temperature subsequently, and carbon steel, surface of low-alloy steel obtain the coating of thickness between 0.5～10mm.Experimental result shows, coating tungsten and carbon in process of cooling are solidly soluted in the nickel-base alloy, have improved the hardness of coating, and its value can reach 60-65HRC, apparently higher than the coating hardness that does not add the hard alloy (51-55HRC); The crystal grain of coating is tiny behind the adding wimet.Improved the anti-impact erosion polishing machine of coating.
The present invention compares the advantage that is had with prior art and is: the method through alloying improves coating hardness and thinning microstructure, thereby obtains to have the coating of good resistance erosion property.The preparation coating time is short, and production efficiency is high.Coat-thickness is controlled.Coating and matrix bond are in good condition.Pollution-free in the production process.Technology is simple, and cost is low.Operation is simple, is fit to actual production.
Embodiment
The present invention selects 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃ and 1200 ℃ of three temperature spots to carry out hot dip process, has obtained the good ni base alloy coating of anti-erosion property on the steel surface.
Embodiment 1:
With 45
#Steel is processed into the sample that is of a size of 200 * 150 * 7mm and carries out surface treatment in two ways: 1. the surface is through 100
#Sand papering → alkali cleaning (boiling cleaning 10min) → washing → pickling (cleaning 5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying with 36%HCl with 10%NaOH.2. surface sand-blasting (5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying.
At power is melting nickel-base alloy in the 100KW medium-frequency induction furnace, and adds the wimet of 15wt%, and the power that melting process is selected is 80KW.Fusing is incubated under 1100 ℃ of temperature after accomplishing, and feeds nitrogen or argon shield therebetween.Add a small amount of Al deoxidation in the liquation, remove the molten surface scum silica frost subsequently.
With 45 after the surface treatment
#Steel immerses in the nickel-base alloy liquation and carries out hot dip process, and the immersion time is controlled between 5～20s.
After the hot dip process 45
#Steel is naturally cooling in still air.So just, 45
#The steel surface forms metallurgical binding and the Ni-based coating of thickness between 0.5～10mm.The crystal grain of coating is tiny behind the adding wimet.Tungsten and carbon are solidly soluted in the ni base alloy coating, and hardness can reach 60-65HRC, apparently higher than the coating hardness that does not add the hard alloy (51-55HRC).Improved the anti-impact erosion polishing machine of coating simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
With 45
#Steel is processed into the sample that is of a size of 200 * 150 * 7mm and carries out surface treatment in two ways: 1. the surface is through 100
#Sand papering → alkali cleaning (boiling cleaning 10min) → washing → pickling (cleaning 5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying with 36%HCl with 10%NaOH.2. surface sand-blasting (5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying.
At power is melting nickel-base alloy in the 100KW medium-frequency induction furnace, and adds the wimet of 17wt%, and the power that melting process is selected is 80KW.Fusing is incubated under 1150 ℃ of temperature after accomplishing, and feeds nitrogen or argon shield therebetween.Add a small amount of Al deoxidation in the liquation, remove the molten surface scum silica frost subsequently.
With 45 after the surface treatment
#Steel immerses in the nickel-base alloy liquation and carries out hot dip process, and the immersion time is controlled between 5～20s.
After the hot dip process 45
#Steel is naturally cooling in still air.So just, 45
#The steel surface forms metallurgical binding and the Ni-based coating of thickness between 0.5～10mm.The crystal grain of coating is tiny behind the adding wimet.Tungsten and carbon are solidly soluted in the ni base alloy coating, and hardness can reach 60-65HRC, apparently higher than the coating hardness that does not add the hard alloy (51-55HRC).Improved the anti-impact erosion polishing machine of coating simultaneously.
Embodiment 3:
With 45
#Steel is processed into the sample that is of a size of 200 * 150 * 7mm and carries out surface treatment in two ways: 1. the surface is through 100
#Sand papering → alkali cleaning (boiling cleaning 10min) → washing → pickling (cleaning 5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying with 36%HCl with 10%NaOH.2. surface sand-blasting (5min) → washing → drying → plating assistant agent processing → drying.
At power is melting nickel-base alloy in the 100KW medium-frequency induction furnace, and adds the wimet of 20wt%, and the power that melting process is selected is 80KW.Fusing is incubated under 1200 ℃ of temperature after accomplishing, and feeds nitrogen or argon shield therebetween.Add a small amount of Al deoxidation in the liquation, remove the molten surface scum silica frost subsequently.
With 45 after the surface treatment
#Steel immerses in the nickel-base alloy liquation and carries out hot dip process, and the immersion time is controlled between 5～20s.
After the hot dip process 45
#Steel is naturally cooling in still air.So just, 45
#The steel surface forms metallurgical binding and the Ni-based coating of thickness between 0.5～10mm.The crystal grain of coating is tiny behind the adding wimet.Tungsten and carbon are solidly soluted in the ni base alloy coating, and hardness can reach 60-65HRC, apparently higher than the coating hardness that does not add the hard alloy (51-55HRC).Improved the anti-impact erosion polishing machine of coating simultaneously.
Claims (3)
1. method of improving the ni base alloy coating anti-erosion property is characterized in that: as base material, as coating material, or immersion successively divides four flow processs: 1) steel substrate surface treatment with nickel-base alloy and wimet with carbon steel, low alloy steel; 2) melting nickel-base alloy and wimet; 3) hot dip process; 4) obtain coating;
Wherein flow process 2) middle nickel-base alloy ingredient w t%: (15%-20%) Cr, (0.5%～1.1%) C, (4%-6%) Si, (3%-4.5%) B, (≤3%) Fe, surplus Ni; Wimet ingredient w t%:50%WC, 1.25%Cr, 1.25%Mo, 0.5%C, surplus Fe;
Flow process 2) add-on of wimet is 15wt%-20wt% in.
2. according to the said a kind of method of improving the ni base alloy coating anti-erosion property of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hot dip process TR is at 1100 ℃～1200 ℃ flow process 3), and the immersion time is 5～20s.
3. according to the said a kind of method of improving the ni base alloy coating anti-erosion property of claim 1, it is characterized in that: flow process 4) floating coat naturally cooling in air, its thickness is 0.5～10mm; Through adding the solution strengthening effect of wimet thinning microstructure and tungsten and carbon, the anti-erosion property of coating is improved.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100881516A CN101597733B (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2009-07-03 | Method for improving anti-erosion property of Ni-based coating |
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| CN2009100881516A CN101597733B (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2009-07-03 | Method for improving anti-erosion property of Ni-based coating |
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| CN101597733A CN101597733A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101597733B true CN101597733B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108069A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-22 | 机械工业部武汉材料保护研究所 | High temperature resistant gouging abrasion plasma spray nickel-base alloy adds the carbonization composite powder coating material |
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- 2009-07-03 CN CN2009100881516A patent/CN101597733B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108069A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-22 | 机械工业部武汉材料保护研究所 | High temperature resistant gouging abrasion plasma spray nickel-base alloy adds the carbonization composite powder coating material |
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Inventor after: Zhang Laiqi Inventor after: Liu Xiangqing Inventor after: Wang Lisheng Inventor after: Gao Zhishan Inventor after: Lin Tao Inventor after: Jia Lei Inventor before: Guo Zhimeng Inventor before: Liu Xiangqing Inventor before: Wang Lisheng Inventor before: Gao Zhishan Inventor before: Lin Tao Inventor before: Jia Lei |
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