CN101597489B - Organic, inorganic hybrid green-light material having a network structure, preparation and use thereof - Google Patents
Organic, inorganic hybrid green-light material having a network structure, preparation and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic, inorganic hybrid green-light light-emitting material having a network structure, preparation and use thereof. The composition comprises an end function POSS chip structural part, an end bi-function green-light light-emitting organic group part and a closed-end organic molecule. The mol ratio is 1: n: m-2n, wherein n is equal to 1-7, and n is greater than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to m/2. The preparation is as follows: according to the mol ratio of 1: n, using the end function POSS and the end bi-function luminous molecule under catalysis of cuprous salt by using methods, such as click chemical method, to prepare controllable organic, inorganic hybrid green-light light-emitting material having a network structure. The green-light material can be used in fields of all kinds of displays, optical communication, indoor decorative light source, three-dimensional storage, optical modulation and solar battery, and the like. The green-light material of the invention has the characteristics of easily designed and controlled structure, simple preparation process, environment-friendly property, good film-forming property, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of green light luminescent materials and preparation and application thereof, and particularly relates to an organic-inorganic hybrid green light material with a network structure and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The advent of Organic Light-Emitting devices (OLEDs) has brought a tremendous impact on display technology. Compared with other display technologies, the OLED has the remarkable advantages of wide viewing angle, low energy consumption, high response speed, ultra-thinness, ultralight, simple and convenient forming and processing and the like, can be used for preparing fully-cured thin-film devices, can realize flexible display, and is widely concerned and deeply researched by people.
Green materials, one of the three primary colors, have developed rapidly in recent years. For example, chinese patent CN1381543A discloses an energy transfer type main chain polymer light emitting material, which realizes green light emission by controlling the content of naphthalimide derivative primitive. Chinese patent CN101172963A discloses a class of arylamine substituted carbazole derivatives, which have better carrier transport performance besides green light emission. Chinese patent CN1618926A discloses an organic electroluminescent green light material, which is an iridium coordination compound containing heterocycle. Chinese patent CN101161763A discloses a coumarin series green light organic electroluminescent material containing olefine acid ester side group, which has ultraviolet curing activity due to existence of olefine acid ester. Chinese patent CN1184177C discloses a green light material of dinaphthopyrene compound. Although the OLED material has a wide application prospect, the following defects exist at present:
1. the stability of the small-molecule organic electroluminescent material is not enough, and with the use of a device, molecular aggregation, crystallization or decomposition can occur, so that fluorescence quenching and the like can cause color coordinate drift, and the service life is short;
2. although the polymer organic electroluminescent material (PLED) can improve certain stability, the separation and purification of the PLED do not reach the level of small molecules, so that the luminescent purity of the material is not high;
3. when a device is prepared, the doped particles are mostly used as doping objects, and are not uniformly dispersed, so that the light emission is not uniform.
In order to solve the problems, the organic electroluminescent green-emitting material with excellent performance can be obtained, the respective advantages of the organic material and the inorganic material can be better kneaded by an organic-inorganic hybridization method, so that the material not only has excellent processing performance and good toughness of the organic material, but also retains the heat resistance, oxidation resistance and excellent mechanical property of the inorganic material, and can effectively reduce the association of organic molecules, reduce the energy barrier between an organic layer and an electrode, improve the injection efficiency of electrons and holes, and further improve the brightness, efficiency and service life of an OLED device.
Cage-type silsesquioxane (POSS) is a new type of nanostructured material that has emerged in recent years and may be represented by the formula (RSiO)1.5)m(m can be generally 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, etc.), has a cage-type structure, and is a hybrid compound consisting of a rigid, structurally defined nanoscale inorganic core composed of silicon and oxygen, and an outer shell composed of organic groups R connected by covalent bonds. Can be chemically polyhedral on POSSDifferent reactive functional groups are bonded on the surface of the POSS nano particle, so that the POSS nano particle is endowed with multifunction and high reactivity, and the organic component and the inorganic component are combined on a molecular level. Compared with common polysiloxane, POSS with a cage structure has better heat resistance and lower surface energy; compared with other inorganic nano particle modifiers such as nano-clay, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate and the like, the POSS nano particles with cage structures not only have the advantages of simple and effective synthesis process, large surface binding force, good monodispersity, low density, good thermal stability, no trace metal impurities and the like. Most importantly, organic groups are introduced at the top of Si by a chemical method, so that the hybridization of organic and inorganic materials on a molecular level is really realized, and the dispersibility is good. In addition, although the small-molecular organic luminescent material is easy to purify, the purification is difficult due to the characteristics of the high-molecular luminescent material, and the high-molecular material which is easy to purify can be prepared by introducing POSS.
In summary, POSS is attracting much attention as a new structure nanoparticle to researchers at home and abroad. However, most of the current researches are limited in the aspects of mechanical property, thermal property and the like of the material, the researches on the functionality of the material are relatively few, the research field is required to be further expanded, and related patents are few. Chinese patent CN1651438A discloses a polysilsesquioxane-based compound having an organometallic complex and an organic electroluminescent device using the same. The three-primary-color organic-inorganic silicon-based hybrid material with adjustable luminescent color of Chinese patent CN101250402A realizes the emission of red light, green light and blue light by doping different metal ions. Xiao s. et al (j. pharm. sci., 2002, 91: 2182) prepared MEH-PPV-POSS, PFO-POSS composites terminated with POSS, with the same photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectra in solution or in sheet. Lin W, et al (Macromolecules, 2004, 37 (7): 2335) synthesize a star-shaped hybrid PFO material, reduce molecular aggregation, and obviously improve the thermal performance and fluorescence quantum efficiency of the material, but the reaction route and the post-treatment are complicated. Lee et al (Macromol, 2004, 37 (23): 8523) prepare organic-inorganic hybrid polyfluorene using POSS as side group through a series of reactions such as substitution, etherification, hydrosilylation, etc., the photoelectric property of the obtained device is improved along with the increase of POSS content, and especially the light color purity of electroluminescence is greatly improved. Jesse D.Froehlich et al (chem.Mater.2007, 19: 4991) report a multifunctional POSS organic-inorganic hybrid luminescent material, which effectively improves the thermal property of the material, but the number of luminescent groups added on POSS and the structure of hybrid molecules are uncontrollable, the obtained luminescent material is a mixture with different numbers of luminescent groups, the energy transfer among the groups is uncontrollable, and as a result, the luminescent purity and the luminescent wavelength are difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The organic-inorganic hybrid green-light material can realize the accurate control of the number of organic luminescent groups, thereby realizing the effective regulation of the luminescent color purity; the preparation process is simple, the raw materials are convenient to obtain, the reaction speed is high, the cost is low, and the preparation method is environment-friendly.
The invention relates to an organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with a network structure, which mainly comprises the following components: the terminal functional silsesquioxane (POSS) core structure part, the terminal bifunctional green light emitting organic group part and the end-capped organic molecule are arranged in a molar ratio of 1: n: m-2n, wherein n is 1-7, and n is not less than 1 and not more than m/2.
The silsesquioxane (POSS) core has a simple structure of (RSiO)3/2) m, m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, etc., and m is 8 as an example, the structure is shown in the figure,
The organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with the network structure is characterized in that: the typical structure of the organic green luminous group comprises coumarin derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, coronene derivatives, aniline derivatives, azo metal complex derivatives and the like, the structure of the organic green luminous group is shown in the figure,
wherein R is(1)And R(2)Is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaromatic ring, a cycloalkyl group or an ester group;represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryl group, a heterocycloalkyl group or an ester group;
the green light luminescent material is mainly obtained by a functional POSS molecule and a green luminescent group molecule through a click chemical reaction, mainly comprises two types of reactions,
A. the functional POSS with terminal alkynyl reacts with the luminescent molecule with terminal azido or the functional POSS with terminal azido reacts with the luminescent molecule with terminal alkyne to formOrStructure;
B. the functional POSS with terminal alkenyl reacts with the luminescent molecule with terminal sulfydryl or the functional POSS with terminal sulfydryl reacts with the luminescent molecule with terminal alkene to formOrStructure;
the molecular formula of the molecular material of the green light emitting material is [ R'nR”m-2n(SiO3/2)m]xWherein m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and the like, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, R 'is an organic light-emitting small molecular chain, and R' is a blocked organic molecular chain;
for example, the reaction of class a is m-8 and n-4, the part of the organic-inorganic hybrid green light emitting material molecule with the network structure is enlarged as follows:
for example, the reaction of m-8, n-4 and B-type, the part of the organic-inorganic hybrid green light emitting material molecule with the network structure is enlarged as follows:
the organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with the network structure is characterized in that: the structure of the end-capped organic molecule is as follows:
wherein,is a flexible or rigid stable optically inactive organic group;
the green light material based on silsesquioxane organic-inorganic hybridization has a light-emitting peak wavelength of 500-560 nm, a temperature range of 50% of thermal weight loss of 450-480 ℃ and a melting point range of 130-200 ℃.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with a network structure, which comprises the following steps:
a type reaction:
the method comprises the following steps: dissolving terminal alkyne (terminal azido) functional POSS, terminal azide (terminal alkyne) bifunctional luminescent molecules and cuprous catalysts in an organic solvent, wherein the feeding ratio of the terminal alkyne (terminal azido) functional POSS to the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecules is 1: n, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single POSS core structure, and m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and the like; in N2Under protection, reacting for 8-24 h at 20-70 ℃, adding a blocking group with a corresponding functional terminal to click to block the terminal, wherein the feeding ratio is m-2n times of the terminal functional POSS, continuing to react for 8-24 h under the same condition, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a target product;
or the second method: dissolving terminal alkyne (terminal azido) functional POSS, terminal azide (terminal alkyne) bifunctional luminescent molecules, monofunctional end-capping groups with corresponding functional ends and cuprous catalysts in an organic solvent, wherein the charge ratio of the terminal functional POSS, the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecules and the monofunctional end-capping groups is 1: n to (m-2n), n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single POSS core structure, and m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and the like; in N2Reacting for 8-24 h at 20-70 ℃ under protection, and then sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 12 hr to obtain the target product.
b, reaction:
the method comprises the following steps: dissolving the terminal alkene (terminal sulfydryl) functional POSS, the terminal sulfydryl (terminal alkene) bi-monofunctional luminescent molecule raw material and the cuprous catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the feeding ratio of the terminal functional POSS to the terminal monofunctional luminescent molecule is 1: n, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single POSS core structure, and m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and the like; ultraviolet irradiation, reaction for 2-10 h at 0-40 ℃, adding a blocking group with a corresponding functional terminal to click to block the terminal, wherein the feeding ratio is m-2n times of the terminal functional POSS, continuing the reaction for 2-10 h under the same condition, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a target product;
or the second method: dissolving the terminal olefin (terminal sulfydryl) functional POSS, the terminal sulfydryl (terminal olefin) monofunctional luminescent molecule, a monofunctional end-sealing group with a corresponding functional end and a cuprous catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the ratio of the terminal functional POSS to the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecule to the monofunctional end-sealing group is 1: n to (m-2n), n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single POSS core structure, and m is 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and the like; irradiating by ultraviolet, reacting for 2-10 h at 0-40 ℃, and then sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 12 hr to obtain the target product.
The cuprous catalyst comprises cuprous salt, a divalent copper salt, sodium ascorbate and other reducing agents, copper, amine hydrochloride and other oxidizing agents, and the using amount of the cuprous catalyst is 0.5-10% of the mol amount of the POSS with the terminal function;
the organic solvent is DMF or DMSO and other conventional organic solvents.
The organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with the network structure is applied to the preparation of various displays, signboards, optical communication and indoor decoration light sources.
The invention introduces each green light emitting group into a monomer with alkenyl or sulfydryl at the terminal through Heck reaction, Witting reaction, Sonogashira reaction, Wohl-Ziegler reaction and the like to obtain a single-functional or double-functional light emitting molecule, and the number of organic light emitting groups can be accurately controlled through changing the feeding ratio, thereby effectively adjusting the light emitting intensity and the color purity.
The silsesquioxane adopted by the invention contains 8 functional groups and can react with 8 functional groups of green light emitting molecules, and when the proportion of the reactive functional groups of the green light emitting molecules is less than 8, in order to prevent the unreacted groups on the silsesquioxane molecules from being further crosslinked and improve the solubility or stability of the material, an organic molecule end cap containing a flexible or rigid chain is usually adopted (the process is prepared by a hybrid material).
Has the advantages that:
(1) the organic-inorganic hybrid green-light material with the network structure can realize the accurate control of the number of organic luminescent groups, thereby realizing the effective regulation of the luminescent color purity;
(2) the organic-inorganic hybrid green-light material with the network structure has the characteristics of good thermal stability, easy processing and forming, good film forming property, high luminous efficiency, pure luminous color, long service life of a prepared light-emitting device and the like;
(3) the preparation process is simple, the raw materials are convenient to obtain, the reaction speed is high, the cost is low, and the preparation method is environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a fluorescence spectrum of the product obtained in example 1 in a THF solution;
FIG. 2 is a graph of current density versus voltage for the film prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of efficiency versus voltage for films made in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of luminance vs. voltage for the film prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a TGA profile of the product made in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
Sodium azide POSS (139.32g 90mmol), Compound 2 (see equation 1) (43.25g 120mmol), N-hexyne (39.36g 480mmol) and CuI (1.71g9mmol) were charged to a three-necked flask under N2DMF10ml was added under ambient conditions and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The crude product was filtered and then sequentially treated with CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2O washing, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours. The molecular formula of the product is: (C)30Si2N8O2H28)12(C9SiN3OH18)48(Si8O12)9Yield 92%, emission peak wavelength: 540 nm.
Chemical reaction formula 1:
example 2
Vinyl POSS (56.97g 90mmol), Compound 2 (see equation 2) (45.17g 120mmol), 1-mercaptobutane (43.2g 480mmol) and CuI (1.71g9mmol) were charged to a three-necked flask under N2DMF10ml was added under ambient conditions and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The crude product was filtered and then sequentially treated with CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2O washing, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours. Product separationThe subformula is: (C)20S2N2O2H12)12(C4SH10)48(Si8O12)9Yield 92%, emission peak wavelength: 553 nm.
Chemical reaction formula 2:
example 3
Sodium azide POSS (139.32g 90mmol), Compound 2 (see equation 3) (43.25g 120mmol) and CuI (1.71g9mmol) were charged to a three-necked flask under N2DMF10ml was added under ambient conditions and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. Further n-hexyne (39.36g, 480mmol) was added, and the reaction was carried out under the same conditions for 12 hours. The crude product was filtered and then sequentially treated with CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2O washing, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours. The molecular formula of the product is: (C)30Si2N8O2H28)12(C9SiN3OH18)48(Si8O12)9Yield 92%, emission peak wavelength: 540 nm.
Chemical reaction formula 3:
Claims (8)
1. A network-shaped organic-inorganic hybrid green light emitting material comprises the following components: the organic light-emitting material comprises a terminal functional silsesquioxane core structure part, a terminal bifunctional organic green light-emitting group part and an end-capped organic molecule, wherein the molar ratio of the terminal bifunctional organic green light-emitting group part to the end-capped organic molecule is 1: n: m-2n, n = 1-7, and n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2;
the terminal functional silsesquioxane core has the simple structure of (RSiO)3/2) m, m =6, 8, 10, 12, 14, taking m =8 as an example, the structure is shown in the figure,
the typical structure of the organic green luminous group comprises coumarin derivatives, quinacridone derivatives, coronene derivatives, aniline derivatives and azo metal complex derivatives, the structure of the organic green luminous group is shown in the figure,
wherein R is(1)And R(2)Is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaromatic ring, a cycloalkyl group or an ester group;represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryl group, a heterocycloalkyl group or an ester group;
the structure of the end-capped organic molecule is as follows:
wherein,is a stable optically inactive organic group that is flexible or rigid.
2. The organic-inorganic hybrid green-light emitting material with a network structure according to claim 1, wherein: the green light luminescent material is mainly obtained by functional silsesquioxane molecules and organic green luminescent group molecules through click chemistry reaction, and comprises two types of reactions:
A. the functional silsesquioxane with terminal alkynyl reacts with luminescent molecules with terminal azido or reacts with the luminescent molecules with terminal alkyne to form the functional silsesquioxane with terminal azidoStructure;
3. The organic-inorganic hybrid green-light emitting material with a network structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the molecular formula of the molecular material of the green light emitting material is [ R'nR”m-2n(SiO3/2)m]xWherein m =6, 8, 10, 12, 14, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, R 'is an organic green luminous group molecular chain, and R' is a blocked organic molecular chain;
taking m =8, n =4, and a type reaction as an example, the molecular characteristic structure of the organic-inorganic hybrid green light emitting material with the network structure is as follows:
taking m =8, n =4, and B-type reaction as an example, the molecular characteristic structure of the organic-inorganic hybrid green light emitting material with the network structure is as follows:
4. The organic-inorganic hybrid green-light emitting material with a network structure according to claim 1, wherein: the organic-inorganic hybrid green light luminescent material with the network structure has the luminescent peak wavelength of 500-580 nm, the temperature range of 50% of thermal weight loss of 450-480 ℃ and the melting point range of 130-200 ℃.
5. The method for preparing organic-inorganic hybrid green-light luminescent material with network structure as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
a type reaction:
dissolving terminal alkyne or terminal azide functional silsesquioxane, terminal azide or terminal alkyne bifunctional luminescent molecules and cuprous catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the feeding ratio of the terminal alkyne or terminal azide functional silsesquioxane to the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecules is 1: n, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single silsesquioxane core structure, and m =6, 8, 10, 12 and 14; in N2Under protection, reacting for 8-24 h at 20-70 ℃, adding a blocking group with a corresponding functional terminal to click and block the terminal, wherein the feeding ratio is m-2n times of the terminal functional silsesquioxane, continuing to react for 8-24 h under the same condition, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a target product;
or terminal alkyne or terminal azido functional silsesquioxane, terminal azido or terminal alkyne bifunctional luminescent molecule, monofunctional end-capping group with corresponding functional end and cuprous catalyst are dissolved in organic solvent, and terminal functional silsesquioxane, terminal bifunctional luminescent molecule and monofunctional end-capping group are dissolved in organic solventThe end groups are in a feeding ratio of 1: n (m-2n), n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, wherein a is the number of Si of a single silsesquioxane core structure, and m =6, 8, 10, 12 and 14; in N2Reacting for 8-24 h at 20-70 ℃ under protection, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a target product;
b type reaction:
dissolving the terminal alkene or terminal sulfydryl functional silsesquioxane, the terminal sulfydryl or terminal alkene bifunctional luminescent molecule raw material and the cuprous catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the feeding ratio of the terminal functional silsesquioxane to the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecule is 1: n, n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, m is the number of Si of a single silsesquioxane core structure, and m =6, 8, 10, 12 and 14; ultraviolet irradiation, reacting for 2-10 h at 0-40 ℃, adding a blocking group with a corresponding functional terminal to click and block the terminal, wherein the feeding ratio is m-2n times of the terminal functional silsesquioxane, continuing the reaction for 2-10 h under the same condition, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a target product;
or dissolving the terminal alkene or the terminal sulfydryl functional silsesquioxane, the terminal sulfydryl or the terminal alkene monofunctional luminescent molecule, the monofunctional end-capping group with the corresponding functional end and the cuprous catalyst in an organic solvent, wherein the dosage ratio of the terminal functional silsesquioxane, the terminal bifunctional luminescent molecule and the monofunctional end-capping group is 1: n (m-2n), n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m/2, a is the number of Si of a single silsesquioxane core structure, and m =6, 8, 10, 12 and 14; irradiating by ultraviolet, reacting for 2-10 h at 0-40 ℃, and sequentially using CHCl3,MeOH,H2O,THF,Et2Washing with O, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C for 12 hr to obtain the target product.
6. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid green-light luminescent material with the network structure according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cuprous catalyst comprises cuprous salt, cupric salt, sodium ascorbate reducing agent and copper and amine hydrochloride oxidant, and the using amount of the cuprous catalyst is 0.5-10% of the molar amount of the terminal functional silsesquioxane.
7. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid green-light luminescent material with the network structure according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic solvent is DMF or DMSO.
8. The organic-inorganic hybrid green-light luminescent material with a network structure, as claimed in claim 1, is used for preparing various displays, signboards, optical communication and indoor decorative light sources.
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