CN101591818A - Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation and application - Google Patents

Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation and application Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101591818A
CN101591818A CNA2009100473502A CN200910047350A CN101591818A CN 101591818 A CN101591818 A CN 101591818A CN A2009100473502 A CNA2009100473502 A CN A2009100473502A CN 200910047350 A CN200910047350 A CN 200910047350A CN 101591818 A CN101591818 A CN 101591818A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pcl
ptmc
alkannin
composite nano
nano fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2009100473502A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN101591818B (en
Inventor
朱利民
韩洁
克雷思·布兰福特-怀特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Li Fangjian new material Science and Technology Ltd.
Donghua University
Original Assignee
Donghua University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Donghua University filed Critical Donghua University
Priority to CN2009100473502A priority Critical patent/CN101591818B/en
Publication of CN101591818A publication Critical patent/CN101591818A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101591818B publication Critical patent/CN101591818B/en
Withdrawn - After Issue legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber, its component comprises: alkannin, poly-epsilon-caprolactone PCL and PTMC PTMC, and wherein, alkannin is 0.001~50: 100 with PCL/PTMC high molecule mass ratio; Its preparation comprises: with alkannin, PCL and PTMC dissolving and carrene/N jointly in proportion, in the mixed solvent of dinethylformamide, preparation contains the carrier macromolecule mixed solution of alkannin; Mixed solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, promptly; This fiber applications is coated in medicine sustained and controlled release system, wound, the preparation of tumor post-operation topical therapeutic and biomedicine field.But its drug loading flexible modulation of fibrous material of the present invention adopts PCL and PTMC Biodegradable material, can not produce toxic and side effect; And the preparation method is simple and easy to do, and equipment is not had specific (special) requirements, has good economic benefit.

Description

Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation thereof and Application Areas, particularly relate to a kind of shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation and application.
Background technology
Alkannin (shikonin) is Boraginaceae (boraginacese) plant: as a kind of naphthoquinones active component in lithospermum euchromum Royle (Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst), arnebia guttata Bunge (Arnebia guttata Bunge), the Asian puccoon dry roots such as (Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc.), and its chemical constitution See Figure:
Figure A20091004735000031
That in recent years pharmacological testing proof alkannin has is antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anticancer, promote multiple biologically active such as wound healing, it also has stable dyeability in addition, thereby obtains extensive concern in medicine, foods and cosmetics field.Along with the extensive use of new technology, new auxiliary material, some medical scholars do a lot of work at aspects such as alkannin dosage form research and improvement as problem.The beautiful grade of Pang show [Chinese patent drug .2001,23 (1): 5] has prepared the solid dispersion of Asian puccoon medicinal extract, has effectively improved the dissolution in vitro of Asian puccoon active ingredient, and then improves bioavilability in its body.Then, they have also prepared the Asian puccoon vagina effervescence, so that the treatment of vaginal disease more convenient effectively [Chinese patent drug .2004,26 (3): 181].Assimopoulou etc. [J Microcapsulation.2004,2:161] have prepared the microcapsule formulation that contains alkannin, thereby have improved its hydrophobicity and made it have slow release effect.
Electrospinning fibre is original owing to it at present, as has very big specific area, superior mechanical performance etc., and become a kind of ideal carrier of adorning the envelope medicine, obtaining many progress and achievement aspect the loading of effectively realizing medicine and the release.And utilize electrospinning, and the Asian puccoon white, quiet clothes are encapsulated in poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) and PTMC (PTMC), about nanofiber and the preparation and the application of this composite, yet there are no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber and preparation and application, but its drug loading flexible modulation of this fibrous material adopts PCL and PTMC Biodegradable material, can not produce toxic and side effect; And the preparation method is simple and easy to do, and equipment is not had specific (special) requirements, has good economic benefit.
A kind of shikonin PCL of the present invention/PTMC composite nano fiber, its component comprises: alkannin, poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) and PTMC (PTMC), wherein alkannin is 0.001~50: 100 with PCL/PTMC high molecule mass ratio, and the mass ratio of PCL and PTMC is 1: 100~100: 1;
The mass ratio of described PCL and PTMC is 9: 1,7: 3 or 5: 5;
Described alkannin is 1% or 5% with PCL/PTMC high molecule mass ratio;
Described shikonin PCL/its diameter of PTMC composite nano fiber is 150~400nm;
Described alkannin extracts by the following method, and Asian puccoon medicinal material 1kg is ground into meal, the apparatus,Soxhlet's of in batches packing into adopts benzinum for extracting solvent extraction 3d, merges extract, extract is evaporated to medicinal extract, and it is carried out column chromatography for separation (as shown in Figure 7);
The preparation method of a kind of shikonin PCL of the present invention/PTMC composite nano fiber comprises:
(1) with alkannin, PCL and PTMC dissolving and carrene/N jointly according to the above ratio, in the mixed solvent of dinethylformamide, preparation contains the carrier macromolecule mixed solution of alkannin; Wherein, carrene and N, the volume ratio of dinethylformamide is 100: 0~40: 60, PCL/PTMC high molecule mass and carrene/N, the ratio of dinethylformamide mixed solvent is 8g: 100ml;
(2) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, the temperature that controls environment is 10-35 ℃, and the feeding rate of solution is 0.8mL/h, and voltage is 14kV, and screen needle gage 18cm promptly gets the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber that is loaded with alkannin.
Carrene and N in the described step (1), the preferred volume ratio of dinethylformamide is 3: 1.
Shikonin PCL of the present invention/PTMC composite nano fiber can be applicable to the preparation of biomedicine fields such as medicine sustained and controlled release system, wound are coated, tumor post-operation topical therapeutic.
The PCL/PTMC composite nano-fiber material that is loaded with alkannin of the present invention, the carrying drug ratio that proves alkannin by experiment can reach more than 95%, its chemical constitution did not change after the 1H-NMR collection of illustrative plates showed alkannin process high pressure electrospinning, its release meets Higuchi and discharges model, can to a certain degree regulate drug release process by ratio between adjusting PCL and the PTMC, and having better anti-oxidant and antibacterial activity, fiber carrier PCL and PTMC are Biodegradable material, have no side effect.
Beneficial effect
(1) but its drug loading flexible modulation of shikonin PCL of the present invention/PTMC composite nano-fiber material adopts PCL and PTMC Biodegradable material, can not produce toxic and side effect;
(2) this preparation method is simple and easy to do, and equipment is not had specific (special) requirements, has good economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber stereoscan photograph that is loaded with 5% alkannin;
Wherein, a.PCL/PTMC 9: 1 (w/w); B.PCL/PTMC 7: 3 (w/w); C.PCL/PTMC 5: 5 (w/w);
Fig. 2 is the 1H-NMR collection of illustrative plates of PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber;
Fig. 3 is the 1H-NMR collection of illustrative plates of alkannin nanofiber;
Fig. 4 is the 1H-NMR collection of illustrative plates that is loaded with the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber of alkannin;
Fig. 5 is the alkannin release profiles;
Wherein, a. is loaded with 1% alkannin; B. be loaded with 5% alkannin; C.Mt/M ∞ is to t 0.5Mapping;
Fig. 6 is loaded with the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber of alkannin and the removing free radical activity comparison diagram of alkannin monomer;
Fig. 7 is an alkannin extraction process flow chart.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing the 0.0407g alkannin, 0.5612g PCL and 0.2409g PTMC, make them be dissolved in 10mL carrene/N, dinethylformamide (3: 1, v/v) in the mixed solvent, sonic oscillation makes abundant dissolving, obtains concentration 8.0% (w/v), PCL/PTMC mass ratio 7: 3, alkannin and with respect to high molecular mass fraction be 5% homogeneous solution.
The solution that configures is poured in the 5mL syringe, adopted No. 8 syringe needles to make flat mouthful spinning head.The flow velocity of solution at the spinning nozzle place is 0.8mL/h, and the voltage that is applied is 14kV, and two die openings obtain being loaded with the PCL/PTMC7 of 5% alkannin from being 18cm: 3 composite nano fiber.It is carried out following test:
1. be loaded with the surface observation of the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber of alkannin
Shikonin PCL/PTMC the composite nano fiber for preparing is carried out scanning electron microscopic observation, and as shown in Figure 2, composite nano fiber is smooth continuously, along with the PTMC ratio increases, fibre diameter descend to some extent and form more even.Alkannin all is wrapped in the composite high-molecular material, does not influence the shaping of fiber.
2. actual drug loading calculates
Take by weighing a certain amount of drug-loading fibre, make it be dissolved in 5mL carrene/N, dinethylformamide (3: 1, v/v) in the mixed solvent, drawing this solution of 0.5mL joins in the methyl alcohol of 4.5mL, the centrifuging and taking supernatant is surveyed absorbance in the 516nm place afterwards, and calculates the actual drug loading of alkannin in the fiber according to the calibration curve of alkannin.According to the actual drug loading that calculates drug-loading fibre all more than 95%.
3. alkannin study on the stability
Alkannin is through the high pressure of tens kilovolts of electrospinning processes, and its character, whether structure changes is necessary to understand.Respectively with PCL/PTMC, alkannin carries out 1H-NMR with the composite nano fiber that is loaded with alkannin to be analyzed, and the result is shown in Fig. 3,4,5, and the affiliated peak of alkannin, PCL and PTMC all appears among Fig. 5, though illustrate that alkannin has kept its chemical constitution through the electrospinning high-pressure process.
4. the release of alkannin
Take by weighing a certain amount of drug-loading fibre, place 20mL dissolution medium (PBS/ methyl alcohol/Tween 80 79: 20: 1, v/v/v), shaking bath is set and is measured 37 ℃ of temperature, and rotating speed 100rpm is in 0,0.5,1,3,5,8,11,24 and 48h sampling, survey absorbance at the 516nm place, calculate alkannin accumulative total burst size, as Fig. 6 a﹠amp; Shown in the b.Alkannin discharges comparatively rapid at preceding 3h, discharge gradually thereupon and reach plateau.And along with the increase of medicament contg, burst size also increases relatively.For further investigating the releasing mechanism of alkannin, will totally discharge mark Mt/M ∞ to t 0.5The mapping back finds that the release of alkannin divides three parts to meet Higuchi release model (seeing Fig. 6 c)
5. removing the DPPH free radical activity measures
Take by weighing a certain amount of drug-loading fibre, make it be dissolved in 5mL carrene/N, and dinethylformamide (3: 1, in mixed solvent v/v), draw this solution of 0.2mL and be added on 2.8mL DPPH (1 * 10 -4M) in the methanol solution, after fully mixing, the room temperature lucifuge leaves standstill 60min, and in the absorbance of 517nm mensuration mixed liquor, absorbance is low more, and then explanation removing DPPH free radical activity is strong more.Take by weighing with fiber in same amount the alkannin monomer in contrast, with the free radical scavenging activity of alkannin in the drug-loading fibre relatively.As shown in Figure 7, alkannin in the alkannin composite nano fiber and alkannin monomer are quite active to the removing of DPPH free radical, this proves from another point of view that also alkannin is in the stability after the high pressure electrospinning, be that alkannin still keeps its free radical scavenging activity, not inactivation in preparation process in composite nano fiber.
6. antibacterial activity is measured
Choose Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) and be the test bacterial classification, investigate the antibacterial activity of alkannin medicament-carrying composite nano-fiber with inhibition zone method.As shown in table 1, the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber that is loaded with alkannin differs to two kinds of bacterium bacteriostatic activities: the antibacterial activity to staphylococcus aureus is stronger, Escherichia coli are then suppressed effect a little less than.This result with some bibliographical informations is consistent, and main cause may be the selection inhibition of one side alkannin to some bacterial classification; Because Gram-negative bacteria (as Escherichia coli) also has one deck lipopolysaccharides coated because cell membrane is outer, to a certain degree reduced its sensitiveness to external world on the other hand, thereby it is low to its inhibition effect to show as alkannin.
Table 1 is loaded with the antibacterial activity of the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber of alkannin
Figure A20091004735000071
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing the 0.0082g alkannin, 0.4022g PCL and 0.4018g PTMC, make them be dissolved in 10mL carrene/N, dinethylformamide (3: 1, v/v) in the mixed solvent, sonic oscillation makes abundant dissolving, obtains concentration 8.0% (w/v), PCL/PTMC mass ratio 5: 5, alkannin and with respect to high molecular mass fraction be 1% homogeneous solution.
The solution that configures is poured in the 5mL syringe, adopted No. 8 syringe needles to make flat mouthful spinning head.The flow velocity of solution at the spinning nozzle place is 0.8mL/h, and the voltage that is applied is 14kV, and two die openings obtain being loaded with the PCL/PTMC5 of 1% alkannin from being 18cm: 5 composite nano fiber.It is carried out above each test, the results are shown in Figure of description.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing the 0.0399g alkannin, 0.7234g PCL and 0.0811g PTMC, make them be dissolved in 10mL carrene/N, dinethylformamide (3: 1, v/v) in the mixed solvent, sonic oscillation makes abundant dissolving, obtains concentration 8.0% (w/v), PCL/PTMC mass ratio 9: 1, alkannin and with respect to high molecular mass fraction be 5% homogeneous solution.
The solution that configures is poured in the 5mL syringe, adopted No. 8 syringe needles to make flat mouthful spinning head.The flow velocity of solution at the spinning nozzle place is 0.8mL/h, and the voltage that is applied is 14kV, and two die openings obtain being loaded with the PCL/PTMC9 of 5% alkannin from being 18cm: 1 composite nano fiber.It is carried out above each test, the results are shown in Figure of description.

Claims (8)

1. shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber, its component comprises: alkannin, poly-epsilon-caprolactone PCL and PTMC PTMC, wherein alkannin is 0.001~50: 100 with PCL/PTMC high molecule mass ratio, and the mass ratio of PCL and PTMC is 1: 100~100: 1.
2. a kind of shikonin PCL according to claim 1/PTMC composite nano fiber is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described PCL and PTMC is 9: 1,7: 3 or 5: 5.
3. a kind of shikonin PCL according to claim 1/PTMC composite nano fiber is characterized in that: described alkannin is 1% or 5% with PCL/PTMC high molecule mass ratio.
4. a kind of shikonin PCL according to claim 1/PTMC composite nano fiber is characterized in that: described shikonin PCL/its diameter of PTMC composite nano fiber is 150~400nm.
5. a kind of shikonin PCL according to claim 1/PTMC composite nano fiber, it is characterized in that: described alkannin extracts by the following method, Asian puccoon medicinal material 1kg, be ground into meal, the apparatus,Soxhlet's of in batches packing into adopts benzinum for extracting solvent extraction 3d, merges extract, extract is evaporated to medicinal extract, and it is carried out column chromatography for separation.
6. the preparation method of shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber comprises:
(1) with alkannin, PCL and PTMC dissolving and carrene/N jointly according to the above ratio, in the mixed solvent of dinethylformamide, preparation contains the carrier macromolecule mixed solution of alkannin; Wherein, carrene and N, the volume ratio of dinethylformamide is 100: 0~40: 60, PCL/PTMC high molecule mass and carrene/N, the ratio of dinethylformamide mixed solvent is 8g: 100ml;
(2) above-mentioned mixed solution is carried out electrostatic spinning, the temperature that controls environment is 10-35 ℃, and the feeding rate of solution is 0.8mL/h, and voltage is 14kV, and screen needle gage 18cm promptly gets the PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber that is loaded with alkannin.
7. the preparation method of a kind of shikonin PCL according to claim 5/PTMC composite nano fiber is characterized in that: carrene and N in the described step (1), the volume ratio of dinethylformamide is 3: 1.
Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nano fiber be applied to that medicine sustained and controlled release system, wound are coated, the preparation of tumor post-operation topical therapeutic and biomedicine field.
CN2009100473502A 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanometer fiber and preparation and application thereof Withdrawn - After Issue CN101591818B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009100473502A CN101591818B (en) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanometer fiber and preparation and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009100473502A CN101591818B (en) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanometer fiber and preparation and application thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101591818A true CN101591818A (en) 2009-12-02
CN101591818B CN101591818B (en) 2012-05-09

Family

ID=41406689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2009100473502A Withdrawn - After Issue CN101591818B (en) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanometer fiber and preparation and application thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101591818B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102641520A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-08-22 吉林大学 Preparation method of biological repair nano dressing containing wood frog skin polypeptide and being used for wounds and burn
CN116172992A (en) * 2022-12-12 2023-05-30 吉林大学 Water-phase dispersed transition metal ion/shikonin composite nano particle and two-phase preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100932688B1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-12-21 한국과학기술연구원 Tubular porous scaffold with double membrane structure for artificial blood vessel and its manufacturing method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102641520A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-08-22 吉林大学 Preparation method of biological repair nano dressing containing wood frog skin polypeptide and being used for wounds and burn
CN116172992A (en) * 2022-12-12 2023-05-30 吉林大学 Water-phase dispersed transition metal ion/shikonin composite nano particle and two-phase preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101591818B (en) 2012-05-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Fahimirad et al. Naturally-derived electrospun wound dressings for target delivery of bio-active agents
CN103409939B (en) A kind of Novel composite nano tunica fibrosa and its preparation method and application
CN103205863B (en) A kind of preparation method of bacterial cellulose slow-release dressing
CN108158993A (en) A kind of removing acnes and controlling oil micro emulsion gels and preparation method and application
CN101336885A (en) Preparation method of microelement nano fibrofelt
CN101358383A (en) Alkanna tinctoria drug loading nano fiber, preparation and application thereof
Arıkan et al. Propolis extract-PVA nanocomposites of textile design: antimicrobial effect on gram positive and negative bacterias
Semnani et al. PCL nanofibers loaded with beta-carotene: a novel treatment for eczema
Liu et al. Controlled dual drug release and in vitro cytotoxicity of electrospun poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibers encapsulated with micelles
CN103243407A (en) Method for preparing skin-core structured drug-loading nanofiber through needleless electrostatic spinning technology
Amina et al. Facile single mode electrospinning way for fabrication of natural product based silver decorated polyurethane nanofibrous membranes: Prospective medicated bandages
Liu et al. Polycaprolactone nanofibres loaded with 20 (S)-protopanaxadiol for in vitro and in vivo anti-tumour activity study
Zhu et al. A bilayer biocompatible polycaprolactone/zinc oxide/Capparis spinosa L. ethyl acetate extract/polylactic acid nanofibrous composite scaffold for novel wound dressing applications
CN103083224A (en) Method for preparing dexamethasone slow-release medicine carrier
Moghaddam et al. Physico-chemical properties of hybrid electrospun nanofibers containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), propolis and aloe vera
CN102266282B (en) Micro/nanometer fiber slow release preparation for treating cicatrices and preparation method thereof
Kim et al. Development of coaxial alginate-PCL nanofibrous dressing for controlled release of Spirulina extract
CN101591818B (en) Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanometer fiber and preparation and application thereof
CN103316351B (en) A kind of electrostatic spinning compound of two kinds of medicines of loading
CN102614106B (en) Drug controlled release nanofibers and preparation method thereof
Yu et al. Research progress of novel drug delivery systems of Chinese medicine monomers based on natural silk fibroin: a mini-review
CN110025598A (en) A kind of crosslinking load medicine polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate composite nano-fiber membrane preparation with slow-release function
CN112353780A (en) Drug sustained and controlled release platform system with double nano composite structures
CN102670525A (en) Application of ursolic-acid nano medicine-carrying microspheres for treating tumors and preparation
Wang et al. Synthesis, antimicrobial and release of chloroamphenicol loaded poly (l-lactic acid)/ZrO2 nanofibrous membranes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: SUZHOU LIFANGJIAN NEW MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY CO., LT

Effective date: 20150527

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20150527

Address after: 201620 Shanghai, Songjiang new town, North Road, No. 2999 people

Patentee after: Donghua University

Patentee after: Suzhou Li Fangjian new material Science and Technology Ltd.

Address before: 201620 Shanghai, Songjiang new town, North Road, No. 2999 people

Patentee before: Donghua University

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Application publication date: 20091202

Assignee: Guangdong Baibaolong Co., Ltd.

Assignor: Suzhou Li Fang Jianxin Mstar Technology Ltd|Donghua University

Contract record no.: 2016990000292

Denomination of invention: Shikonin PCL/PTMC composite nanofiber and preparation and application thereof

Granted publication date: 20120509

License type: Exclusive License

Record date: 20160721

LICC Enforcement, change and cancellation of record of contracts on the licence for exploitation of a patent or utility model
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Granted publication date: 20120509

Effective date of abandoning: 20170510

AV01 Patent right actively abandoned