CN101591064B - Anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor - Google Patents
Anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101591064B CN101591064B CN2009100122949A CN200910012294A CN101591064B CN 101591064 B CN101591064 B CN 101591064B CN 2009100122949 A CN2009100122949 A CN 2009100122949A CN 200910012294 A CN200910012294 A CN 200910012294A CN 101591064 B CN101591064 B CN 101591064B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor, which belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The reactor is provided with two to six zero-valent iron packing layers between a water distributor and a biofilter material layer to form a suspended sludge area positioned between the biofilter material layer and the zero-valent iron packing layers and a sludge expansion area positioned between the zero-valent iron packing layers and the water distributor. The suspended sludge area is connected to a water inlet pipeline on the lower part of an anaerobic reactor through a circulating pipeline and a circulating pump. The outside of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a set of hydraulic circulating pipelines to improve the water flow velocity in a carrier sludge layer and the suspended sludge area so as to improve the decomposition rate of anaerobic bacteria on organic substances; the reactor has a reasonable structure and good working performance, can limit the expansion and floating loss of a bottom sludge layer, can improve the degradation capability on the organic substances, achieve high removal rate of the organic substances, and realize the quick startup of sewage at the same time; and late experiments show that the reactor can realize the successful startup of chemical saline wastewater within 43 days and keeps steady operation at subsequent stages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor, it belongs to water-treatment technology field.
Background technology
The ability of anaerobism sewage disposal is strong, saves the energy, produces biogas simultaneously, is one of the most promising technology in the sewage disposal.Through years of development, anaerobic reactor develops into representational USAB (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket), EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed), IC (internal-circulation anaerobic reactor) etc. from initial septic tank.The common trait that these third generation anaerobic reactors have is: the unit volume microorganism volume of holding is higher, can bear higher hydraulic load, and the processing power of reactor improves greatly.
But still there is following subject matter in these reactors in application: (1) start time is long, granular sludge is slow, generally needs 3-6 month starting period, is difficult to satisfy the requirement of contaminating enterprises' undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time.(2) acidifying appears in the operational conditions of reactor control difficulty often, suppresses the growth of methanogen, thereby causes the failure of anaerobic treatment.
At above problem, carried out big quantity research both at home and abroad.At starting slow problem, adopt more method to have at present: inoculation granulating mud, adding flocculation agent, optimization water conservancy condition etc.Inoculation granulating mud does not satisfy the requirements concerning most of contaminating enterprises from other reactor, difficult the realization, and have influence on the operation of former reactor.Add flocculation agent, as aluminium salt, molysite, its negatively charged ion (sulfate radical, chlorine root) is poisoned strong to anaerobion, suppress processing efficiency.Optimize hydraulics and utilize the hydraulic shear effect,, realize quick particleization by control current, the flow velocity of air-flow, fluidised form, this method its generally as supplementary means.
The acidifying control of anaerobic reactor is the operating crucial controlling factor of anaerobism.Methanogen is to environment pH sensitivity, and best pH scope is 6.8-7.2, and pH reduces the inhibition that will cause methanogen, causes the anaerobic failure when serious.Therefore, the acidifying of reactor is an anaerobic treatment effect degraded signal, should take effective means to improve pH.In actual treatment, usually adopt adding liming, sodium bicarbonate etc. to stabilize acidity.
Zero-valent Iron is a kind of reductibility method of disposing of sewage, and it is mainly used in the processes such as dechlorination, denitration, decolouring of water pollutant, nascent state [H] and Fe that it utilizes Zero-valent Iron (the interior electrode that forms with inert substance) to produce
2+But, pollutent reduction, the Zero-valent Iron technology is the pretreatment process of raising biodegradability commonly used in the sewage disposal.Many researchs are with the front-end process of zeroth order internal electrolysis of iron as biological treatment, and the biodegradability of handling back sewage improves, and the iron ion that produces also helps the improvement of subsequent biological treatment performance.
But the major obstacle that this method exists in application is the problem that hardens of iron filings bed.The Zero-valent Iron filler contacts with air, the oxidized speed of iron in the electrolysis in the speed of iron oxidation by air is far longer than, the iron rust that produces causes adhesion, the obstruction between iron filings fast, make the short stream of sewage, reduce sewage treating efficiency, iron rust invests iron surface simultaneously, stops its further reaction, causes the failure of handling.Therefore, electrolysis process successful Application few in practice in the Zero-valent Iron.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor, go out water cycle in the anaerobic reactor outer setting, be used to strengthen the flowability of sewage, improve its ability to bear to high loading; Simultaneously at the inner Zero-valent Iron packing layer that adds of anaerobic reactor, utilize little electrolytic action of iron filings and gac and ferrous iron to the active promoter action of anaerobion, reach mud granulating faster, thus the start time of improving whole anaerobic reactor; Simultaneously can in and anaerobic acidification, solved electrolytic iron rust, the problem that hardens in the Zero-valent Iron, thereby realized its efficient stable operation.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor mainly comprises a columnar anaerobic reactor, in anaerobic reactor, be provided with a water distributor, a biofilter material layer and a triphase separator from bottom to top successively, the superjacent air space that is positioned at the biofilter material layer is a gas-liquid solids constituent abscission zone, is connected with intake pump by inlet channel in the bottom of anaerobic reactor.2～6 Zero-valent Iron packing layers are set between water distributor and biofilter material layer in described anaerobic reactor, form suspended sludge area between biofilter material floor and Zero-valent Iron packing layer and the sludge bulking district between Zero-valent Iron packing layer and water distributor; Described suspended sludge area is connected to the inlet channel of anaerobic reactor bottom through circulating line and recycle pump.The lowest part of described Zero-valent Iron packing layer is positioned at 1/2 place of anaerobic reactor height, and the height of Zero-valent Iron packing layer is 5%～10% of anaerobic reactor virtual height H, and the base plate and the leg of Zero-valent Iron packing layer are provided with sieve aperture; In the Zero-valent Iron packing layer, be filled with the Zero-valent Iron granulated material of 2/3 height.
The height of described biofilter material layer and triphase separator is 5%～15% of anaerobic reactor virtual height H.
The guiding theory of technique scheme is: the accessory constituent of this device comprises sewage backflow system and sludge settling system.The sewage backflow system pumps into the sewage of Zero-valent Iron packing layer upper end in the plumbing drain of reactor lower end, mixes with raw waste water, enters the sludge bulking district of reactor by water distributor.Its objective is the water speed of crossing that improves by the Zero-valent Iron fill area, thereby strengthen the coupling effect of anaerobism and Zero-valent Iron technology.Simultaneously, improve the expansion effect in mud district, bottom, raising sewage contacts with mud.The major function of the sludge settling system that reactor is outer is further to separate sewage, mud.Owing to contain a certain amount of iron ion in the sewage effluent, meet the air postprecipitation and become Fe (OH)
3, the coagulation of Xing Chenging can be removed the colloid in the sewage in this course, improves sewage treating efficiency.This system comprises waste pipe, settling tank, wastewater disposition pipe etc.The starting point of this system is the sewage outlet of triphase separator, through post precipitation, and the supernatant liquor discharging.
At the middle part of anaerobic reactor the Zero-valent Iron layer is set, this is not the simple superposition of anaerobic reactor and Zero-valent Iron technology, but can form following coupling: 1) iron on the anaerobic acidifying; 2) reductive action of Zero-valent Iron reduces the anaerobic oxidation reduction potential, strengthens the anaerobism atmosphere, is beneficial to the growth of methanogen; 3) flocculation of iron helps growing up of granule sludge, simultaneously the loss of less mud; 4) absorbing carbon dioxide increases basicity, improves the methane ratio in the biogas simultaneously; 5) enzymatic action of biological iron improves biological utilisation.Simultaneously, because isolated with air, the corrosive nature of iron is slow, evenly discharges ferrous ion, thoroughly solves the problem that hardens of iron carbon electrode in the air.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor is being provided with 2～6 Zero-valent Iron packing layers between water distributor and biofilter material layer, forms suspended sludge area between biofilter material floor and Zero-valent Iron packing layer and the sludge bulking district between Zero-valent Iron packing layer and water distributor; Suspended sludge area is connected to the inlet channel of anaerobic reactor bottom through circulating line and recycle pump.This anaerobic reactor is rational in infrastructure; favorable working performance; overcome the defective of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket; while is simpler than the inner circulation reactor structure, design is little; adopt simultaneously and add the granulating that iron filings quicken anaerobic sludge; realize the quick startup of anaerobic reactor, economical and efficient, steady running.This anaerobic reactor adopts actual plant effluent can realize that it starts successfully in one and a half months, and stable when remaining on high density.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of Zero-valent Iron packing layer.
Fig. 3 is that water-in and water-out chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) change correlation curve figure unloading phase of adopting actual wastewater from chemical industry.X-coordinate is the fate of anaerobic reactor steady running, and ordinate zou is the value of COD.Wherein three curves be respectively in water, the reactor, the COD value change curve of water outlet.
Fig. 4 adopts actual wastewater from chemical industry steady stage water-in and water-out chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) to change correlation curve figure.X-coordinate is the fate of anaerobic reactor steady running, and ordinate zou is the value of COD.Wherein three curves be respectively in water, the reactor, the COD value change curve of water outlet.
Fig. 5 is mud change of size correlation curve figure in the anaerobic reactor.X-coordinate is a mud size in the anaerobic reactor, and ordinate zou is a percent solids.Wherein three curves are respectively the change curves of first day, the 42nd day (height 60cm), the 42nd day (height 10cm) solids content.
Among the figure: 1, anaerobic reactor, 1a, gas-liquid solids constituent abscission zone, 1b, hot water jacket, 1c, suspended sludge area, 1d, sludge bulking district, 2, triphase separator, 3, the biofilter material layer, 4, the Zero-valent Iron packing layer, 4a, base plate, 4b, sieve aperture, 4c, upper cover plate, 5, hot water heater, 6, water distributor, 7, hot water circulating pump, 8, base, 9, intake pump, 10, effuser, 11, rising pipe, 12, circulating line, 13, recycle pump; A, sewage, b, biogas, c, clear water, d, mud.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor structural representation.This device mainly comprises a columnar anaerobic reactor 1, in anaerobic reactor 1, arrange 6,3 Zero-valent Iron packing layers of a water distributor 4, a biofilter material layer 3 and a triphase separator 2 from bottom to top successively, anaerobic reactor 1 inner chamber is divided into a gas-liquid solids constituent abscission zone 1a, on biofilter material floor 3 at the suspended sludge area 1c between biofilter material floor 3 and the Zero-valent Iron packing layer 4 and the sludge bulking district 1d between Zero-valent Iron packing layer 4 and water distributor 6.The housing of anaerobic reactor 1 adopts synthetic glass or glass reinforced plastic to make, and its internal diameter is 90cm, and height is 120cm, and useful volume is 6.36L.The height of biofilter material layer 3 and triphase separator 2 is 10% of anaerobic reactor 1 virtual height.Sewage a enters water distributor 6 by intake pump 9, and mud recirculated water refluxes by recycle pump 13 simultaneously, and 6 couples of sewage a of water distributor and mud recirculated water mix the back at the bottom water distribution uniformity, and the mud of 3 pairs of rising of biofilter material layer is held back.Be provided with circulating line 12 in the lower end of suspended sludge area 1c and connect recycle pump 13.Anaerobic reactor 1 is provided with hot water jacket 1b being positioned at the outer wall of gas-liquid solids constituent abscission zone 1a with the lower section, and a hot water heater 5 is connected through the upper and lower of pipeline with hot water jacket 1b with hot water circulating pump 7.
The working process of above-mentioned anaerobic reactor is as follows: sewage a enters the sludge bulking district 1d of anaerobic reactor 1 by intake pump 9, simultaneously at bottom and mud recirculated water thorough mixing, in the sewage uphill process with granule sludge in organism fully contact, when passing the mud circulating water outlet of Zero-valent Iron packing layer 4 arrival suspended sludge area 1c, major part is back to the bottom by circulating line 12 and continues reaction, and small portion arrives biofilter material layer 3.Suspended sludge major part in the sewage is trapped, and forms the carrier sludge blanket, has avoided mud granule accumulating fast on triphase separator 2, has guaranteed the normal separation function of triphase separator 2; Small portion rises to triphase separator 2, suspended biomass is separated with water, gas, separated anaerobic sludge is deposited in the anaerobic reactor 1, purifying good clear water c receives through rising pipe 11 dischargings, the biogas b that sewage and organism reaction produce then receives by effuser 10 dischargings, and mud d can receive from suspended sludge area 1c discharging.
Fig. 2 shows the synoptic diagram of Zero-valent Iron packing layer.The lowest part that is arranged at the Zero-valent Iron packing layer 4 that 4,3 of 3 Zero-valent Iron packing layers are superimposed in anaerobic reactor 1 is positioned at 1/2 place of anaerobic reactor 1 virtual height H.Its fill frame is the glass reinforced plastic right cylinder of upper shed, and it highly is 7% of anaerobic reactor 1 virtual height H, and cylindrical surface and base plate 4a are provided with many equally distributed sieve aperture 4b, and the aperture of sieve aperture 4b is 5mm, and pitch of holes is 15mm.Each packing layer all loads a certain amount of Zero-valent Iron granulated material, and loading height is 2/3 of every layer of actual height, and reserving 1/3 space, top is the need of water distribution uniformity.Cover the upper cover plate 4c of same sieve aperture 4b on the packing layer topmost, avoid the loss of Zero-valent Iron filler.
Adopt sludge from wastewater treatment plant and certain spices chemical plant wastewater to start and domestication above-mentioned anaerobic reactor.Waste water the unloading phase, when waste strength reached 5%, the COD clearance arrived 90%, and had just realized successfully starting when water inlet COD is 20000mg/L in the time of 43 days in operation as can be seen from Figure 3, and its COD clearance arrives more than 80%.When water inlet was trade effluent fully as can be seen from Figure 4, reactor can be realized steady running, and water outlet COD is basicly stable about 5000mg/L, and clearance remains on more than 75%.As can be seen from Figure 5 along with the operation of reactor, having its mud particle diameter of reactor of zero-valent iron particle to become gradually greatly, is 100 microns about 200 microns to the startup end from the main particle diameter that begins, and illustrates that the adding of Zero-valent Iron is better to the granulating effect of mud.
Claims (3)
1. anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor, it mainly comprises a columnar anaerobic reactor (1), in anaerobic reactor (1), be provided with a water distributor (6), a biofilter material layer (3) and a triphase separator (2) from bottom to top successively, the superjacent air space that is positioned at biofilter material layer (3) is a gas-liquid solids constituent abscission zone (1a), is connected with intake pump (9) by inlet channel in the bottom of anaerobic reactor (1); It is characterized in that: in described anaerobic reactor (1), be positioned between water distributor (6) and the biofilter material layer (3) 2～6 Zero-valent Iron packing layers (4) be set, form be positioned at the suspended sludge area (1c) between biofilter material floor (3) and the Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4) and be positioned at Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4) and water distributor (6) between sludge bulking district (1d); Described suspended sludge area (1c) is connected to the inlet channel of anaerobic reactor (1) bottom through circulating line (12) and recycle pump (13).
2. according to the described anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lowest part of described Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4) is positioned at 1/2 place of anaerobic reactor (1) height, the height of Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4) is 5%～10% of anaerobic reactor (1) virtual height H, and the base plate (4a) and the leg of Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4) are provided with sieve aperture (4b); In Zero-valent Iron packing layer (4), be filled with the Zero-valent Iron granulated material of 2/3 height.
3. according to the described anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the height of described biofilter material layer (3) and triphase separator (2) is 5%～15% of anaerobic reactor (1) virtual height H.
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| CN102060368A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-05-18 | 南京大学 | Method for improving utilization rate of zero-valent iron in zero-valent iron pretreatment of chemical wastewater |
| CN102120675B (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2012-11-07 | 大连理工大学 | Zero-valent iron two-phase anaerobic reactor |
| CN102336472B (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-07-31 | 大连理工大学 | Electrically enhanced ANAMMOX device |
| CN102583743B (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-10-23 | 北京工业大学 | Dual-sludge denitrification dephosphorizing and denitrifying A/A-O device and method |
| CN102910780B (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2013-10-16 | 广州市环境保护工程设计院有限公司 | Device and method for processing high-salinity degradation-resistant waste water |
| CN103232095B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-05-14 | 清华大学 | Device and method for recovering activity of zero-valent iron passivated in Cr pollution removal process |
| CN103951140B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-06-01 | 大连理工大学 | The low concentration wastewater treatment process of a kind of anaerobic built-in zero-valent iron reactor coupling artificial swamp |
| CN105036323B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-03-01 | 东华大学 | Light electrolysis catalytic intensification reactor for hydrolysis and acidification |
| CN105236565B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-12-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | A kind of method that magnetic field-intensification iron powder improves Anaerobic wastewater treatment COD removal efficiency |
| CN106467349B (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2021-02-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | High-concentration acidic organic wastewater treatment system and method |
| CN106830308B (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Method for accelerating decomposition of anaerobic propionic acid and butyric acid by using ethanol and biochar |
| CN107572722A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-12 | 北京协同创新研究院 | A kind of water purification system and purification method |
| CN108928916A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-04 | 苏州湛清环保科技有限公司 | The reactor of denitrification granular sludge |
| CN111661985A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-15 | 南京环保产业创新中心有限公司 | Electrically enhanced internal circulation anaerobic reactor and method |
| CN113402130B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-04-07 | 南京环保产业创新中心有限公司 | Stepped electrochemical enhanced multi-cycle denitrification and decarbonization bioreactor and process thereof |
| CN115745159B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-11-28 | 江苏南大华兴环保科技股份公司 | Zero-valent iron cooperative steady-flow anaerobic reaction system applied to industrial sewage treatment |
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