CN101589952A - The method of estimating heart rate variation - Google Patents
The method of estimating heart rate variation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101589952A CN101589952A CNA2008100999509A CN200810099950A CN101589952A CN 101589952 A CN101589952 A CN 101589952A CN A2008100999509 A CNA2008100999509 A CN A2008100999509A CN 200810099950 A CN200810099950 A CN 200810099950A CN 101589952 A CN101589952 A CN 101589952A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation, comprises step: a. utilizes a heart rate gauge Collection Events generation signal; B. in a sampling range, utilize voting method to carry out the interval reconstruction of heart beating; C. carrying out the interval reconstruction of aforementioned heart beating equally in the sampling range again, wherein this again a sampling range and this last sampling range have overlapping interval, and this again a sampling range can carry out the heart beating interval by the common event in this overlapping interval with this last sampling range and contact; D. repeating step c is up to the heart beating sequence of intervals of the predetermined segment length's time of contacting out; And e. calculates heart rate variability according to resulting this heart beating sequence of intervals of steps d.The method of estimating heart rate variation of the present invention can cooperate single conduction heart rate measurement instrument to carry out heart rate measurement, and utilize the majority rule voting process to come filtering noise, and by the eclipsed mechanism of Window, the segment length's time of can contacting out estimate the heart beating interval, and then calculate heart rate variability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation, relate in particular to a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation of high accuracy.
Background technology
Along with the change of lifestyle, chronic disease is in compatriots' mortality rate top, and its deutero-socioeconomic problem allows and reduces becoming more important of chronic disease.By various instruments monitor physiological situations good year arranged, and in the various physiological parameter, (heart rate variability HRV) is a big index of reaction physiological situation to heart rate variability.
Analysis of heart rate variability is a kind of measurement successive heartbeat rate variation degree methods, it is that basic calculation gets with heart beating interval (blanking time of adjacent heart beating), mainly be to analyze, and the data in heart beating interval may be from the successive heartbeat record of several minutes or a few hours by electrocardiogram or the resulting successive heartbeat sequence of intervals of pulses measure.Heart except rhythmicity discharge itself cause beating, (autonomic nervous system ANS) regulates and control also to be subjected to autonomic nervous system.Existing many documents of past 20 years show that the regulation and control mortality rate relevant with cardiovascular disease of autonomic nervous system has significant relation, for example psychogenic sudden death, hypertension, hemorrhagic shock, septic shock etc.Analysis of heart rate variability also is found and can be used as the index that the mortality rate after the myocardial infarction takes place in prediction.
Analysis of heart rate variability is the most frequently used to be R ripple in the electrocardiogram with what calculate, gets by calculating R-R interval (R-R interval) sequence.The analysis of heart rate variability mode can be divided into time domain (Time domain) analysis and frequency domain (Frequency domain) analysis at present.The electrocardiographic wave that time-domain analysis utilizes continuous measurement to arrive usually directly calculates and the relation of analyzing its heart beating sequence of intervals that links to each other, and for example: what SDNN calculated is the standard deviation in all normal heart beating intervals; SDANN calculates is the standard deviation of normal heart beating average value in interval in all five minutes sections; What r-MSSD calculated is the root-mean-square of the interval difference of adjacent heart beating; NN50count calculates is the interval difference of adjacent normal heart beating greater than 50 milliseconds number; PNN50 calculates is the interval difference of adjacent normal heart beating greater than 50 milliseconds ratio.Frequency-domain analysis then utilizes discrete Fourier transform that the heart beating sequence of intervals is converted to frequency domain, with power spectrum density (Power spectraldensity, PSD) or the mode of spectrum distribution (Spectral distribution) shows.General 5 minutes short run analysis is for example: total power (5-min total power), intrasonic (VLF), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and low frequency/high frequency were than (LF/HF) in 5 minutes.
Accurate heart rate variability is measured, and what need to use the Digital Signal Processing formula singly leads or lead more the heart rate measurement instrument, but this quasi-instrument price is not striking, the electricity needs height, and user wear after action easily restricted; And it is lower to simulate single conduction heart rate measurement instrument price, and electricity needs is low, does not influence user and wears action afterwards, is comparatively feasible method, but can't effectively avoids generating noise.In view of this, the present inventor is that design is improved, and proposes a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation, can lower the influence of noise that the single conduction heart rate measurement apparatus measures process of simulation is produced, and obtain the quite high heart rate variability of accuracy.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation, it can cooperate single conduction heart rate measurement instrument to carry out heart rate measurement, and utilize the majority rule voting process to come filtering noise, and by the eclipsed mechanism of Window, that can contact out segment length's time estimates the heart beating interval, and then calculates heart rate variability.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, of the present invention one than the broad sense embodiment for a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation is provided, it comprises the following step: a, utilize a heart rate gauge Collection Events generation signal; B, carry out in a sampling range that heart beating is interval rebuilds, this heart beating is interval rebuilds the blanking time that comprises step: b1, calculates any two incidents; B2, voted for this blanking time, drop into respectively in the ballot box in the different heart beatings of representative interval; B3, find out the highest ballot box of number of votes obtained, and will drop into this ballot box this blanking time representative the heart beating interval carry out the incident polyphone; C, carrying out equally in a sampling range again that aforementioned heart beating is interval rebuilds, wherein this again a sampling range and this last sampling range have overlapping interval, and this again a sampling range can carry out the heart beating interval by the common event in this overlapping interval with this last sampling range and contact; D, repeating step c are up to the heart beating sequence of intervals of the predetermined segment length's time of contacting out; And e, calculate heart rate variability according to resulting this heart beating sequence of intervals of steps d.
The above-mentioned conception according to the present invention, this heart rate measurement instrument are the single conduction heart rate measurement instrument of a simulation.
The above-mentioned conception according to the present invention, collected signal comprises heartbeat event and signal that noise event produced in step a.
The above-mentioned conception according to the present invention only at voting the blanking time in reasonable heart beating interval range, is not then voted in step b2 the blanking time in reasonable heart beating interval range.This reasonable heart beating interval range is 300～1200 milliseconds.The interval size definition of this ballot box is 2
BshiftMillisecond, and the heart beating interval range of the ballot box that is used for voting should reasonable heart beating interval range be that a plurality of intervals get according to this interval size discrimination, and B
ShiftBe preferably 6.
The above-mentioned conception according to the present invention, two the highest adjacent ballot boxes of number of votes obtained after the highest ballot box of being found out in step b3 of number of votes obtained is the poll addition.
The above-mentioned conception according to the present invention, the size of each sampling range are 2000～8000 milliseconds, and the size of this overlapping interval is 1000～3000 milliseconds.
Description of drawings
The sequence of events sketch map that Fig. 1 collects for the single conduction heart rate measurement instrument of simulation.
Fig. 2 is the Window sketch map.
Fig. 3 is all the interval sketch maps among the W1 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is ballot box and ballot sketch map.
Fig. 5 is for seeking the ballot box sketch map of maximum polls.
Fig. 6 is the interval sketch map of rebuilding of the heart beating of W1.
Fig. 7 is the overlapping schematic diagram of mechanism of Window.
Fig. 8 is two Window polyphone process sketch maps.
The specific embodiment
Some exemplary embodiments that embody feature of the present invention and advantage will be described in detail in the explanation of back segment.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations on different schemes, its neither departing from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and the accompanying drawing usefulness that ought explain in itself, but not in order to restriction the present invention.
Be different from and use the Digital Signal Processing mode to carry out the method for heart rate measurement, when utilizing the single conduction heart rate measurement instrument of simulation to be fore device, and noise is can't filtering the time, heart rate only can estimate by qualitative method, for example the TaiWan, China application case that proposes on November 10th, 2006 of the present inventor number is 095141767 method for measuring heart rate, it utilizes the majority rule voting process to come filtering noise, finds out real heartbeat signal, to draw heart rate value accurately.Yet the method only can be with regard to each sampling range (being called Window) estimating heart rate, and the interval number of the heart beating in interval is very limited, can't make so-called analysis of heart rate variability.The present invention is then based on preceding method, develops the Window access phase again, obtaining long heart beating sequence of intervals, and then proposes a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation.
Below will further specify the method for estimating heart rate variation of the present invention.See also Fig. 1, the event signal sequence sketch map that it is collected for the single conduction heart rate measurement instrument of simulation.As shown in Figure 1, simulating the resulting signal data of single conduction heart rate measurement instrument is the incident of single time point, and solid arrow that makes progress and dotted line are all being represented generation incident (Event), individual respectively with E to n from the 1st, the 2nd according to the priority that takes place
1, E
2To E
nExpression.Each incident has its time of origin (Time), and the order that takes place according to incident is with t
1, t
2To t
nExpression.Wherein, E
1, E
3Representing heartbeat event Deng solid arrow, t
1, t
3Then E takes place in expression
1, E
3The time of heartbeat event; And E
2, E
6Deng the incident that on behalf of noise, dotted line produce, t
2, t
6Then be that E takes place
2, E
6The time of noise.
Interval between two incidents has formed so-called interval (Interval), for example E
2With E
3The interval of two incidents is with I
2,3Expression.The interval can be formed by adjacent two incidents, as I
4,5, also can form, as I by non-conterminous two incidents
6,9Interval kind of event difference according to its formation, and form different types of interval, for example the interval that is formed by two heartbeat events is to be the heart beating interval, as I
4,5If comprise a noise in the middle of two incidents, similarly be I
8,9, I
2,3, or comprise two noises, as I
6,9, then form between the noise range.Observe that heart beating is interval can to obtain a conclusion with between the noise range, also promptly in a short time, the rule that the big or small amount of change in heart beating interval is next than the big or small amount of change between the noise range.Therefore, this section short time is considered as a unit interval, again with classifying as The classification basis with interval size between the event zone in this unit interval, because the heart beating interval has systematicness, so the interval major part of heart beating can drop on same class, between the noise range then denys.Therefore, this method is defined as a Window with this unit interval, and utilizes Window mechanism to vote.
See also Fig. 2, it is the Window sketch map.A Window is exactly the time of one section weak point, is the unit interval of voting method.As shown in Figure 2, first Window is with W
1Expression, and the length of Window is with T
wExpression is at W
1Middle event comprises E
1, E
2, E
3, E
4, E
5And E
6Voting needs ballot paper, and the source of ballot paper is exactly interval.Though the systematicness in heart beating interval is greater than between the noise range, with regard to incident, measuring device itself can't be distinguished it and be heart beating or noise, thereby two adjacent incidents, also can't predicate between heart beating interval or noise range.In order to solve this problem, need W
1In all intervals of forming of any two incidents calculate, and with the interval that calculates as aggregate votes.Fig. 3 is the W of Fig. 2
1All intervals that interior all incidents calculate comprise I
1,2, I
1,3, I
1,4, I
1,5, I
1,6, I
2,3, I
2,4, I
2,5, I
2,6, I
3,4, I
3,5, I
3,6, I
4,5, I
4,6And I
5,6Because people's heart rate has certain zone of reasonableness, therefore too big or big or small interval all is irrational heart beating interval, so after calculating all interval values, must carry out basic filtration earlier.With normal person's heart beating, the per minute heart beating all is for 50～200 times normal, is converted into the heart beating interval, and the interval within 300～1200 milliseconds is rational heart beating interval.After removing irrational district value, remaining interval promptly can be considered valid ballot, and at W
1Example in, effective and reasonable interval comprises I
1,3, I
2,4, I
3,4, I
4,5, I
4,6, as the figure centre circle person of choosing.
Interval in order to allow as ballot paper " by throwing ", designed the mechanism of " ballot box " in this method.Ballot box can be stored each interval according to interval magnitude classification, so ballot box has the scope of holding.Defined the B parameter of ballot box size in this method
Shift, and the size of each ballot box is 2
BshiftMillisecond.For instance, if B
Shift=6, then the scope of each ballot box is 64 milliseconds, 300～1200 milliseconds in normal heart beating interval can be divided into 14 ballot boxes.Each ballot box is indicated open ended interval size, and ballot box is voted under just the reasonable interval among Fig. 3 (valid ballot) can being found according to interval size.Fig. 4 is ballot box and ballot sketch map, for instance, and the reasonable interval I among Fig. 3
1,3, I
2,4, I
3,4, I
4,5, I
4,6Be respectively 643 milliseconds, 759 milliseconds, 670 milliseconds, 690 milliseconds and 823 milliseconds, in voting process, promptly dropped into respectively in the affiliated ballot box.
Then inspect the poll in the ballot box, to find out the ballot box that has maximum polls, this ballot box can be but is not limited to single ballot box.Because people's heart beating meeting changes in a scope, cause the heart beating interval may be distributed in the two adjacent ballot boxes, so in a preferred embodiment, the ballot box of seeking maximum polls is to be that unit finds out the poll maximum after adding up with adjacent ballot box.Find out after the two adjacent ballot boxes of maximum poll, can from ballot box, learn the interval of dropping in this two adjacent ballot box, further these intervals are carried out the incident polyphone.As shown in Figure 5, the poll of two adjacent ballot boxes is added the General Logistics Department as can be known, two ballot box scopes that obtain maximum poll 3 tickets are that 620～683 milliseconds and scope are 684～747 milliseconds ballot box, and the interval that is wherein comprised is I
1,3, I
3,4And I
4,5, also be that these intervals may be real heart beating interval, and produce these interval incident E
1, E
3, E
4And E
5It may be real heartbeat event.Utilize these three intervals to carry out incident polyphone, wherein I
1,3With I
3,4E is arranged
3This common event, and I
3,4With I
4,5Then be that common E is arranged
4Incident.Just can contact the interval by common incident, as shown in Figure 6, and then rebuild the heart beating interval.
Similarly, another Window W
2Also can be through above-mentioned voting method with the interval reconstruction of heart beating.After each Window votes, can estimate and heart beating interval among this Window that contacts out, contact again if adjacent Window can be estimated the heart beating interval that obtains, just can allow the heart beating interval that estimates continue, and then estimate out heart rate variability.For the heart beating interval that allows adjacent Window estimate out has associatedly, this method has designed the eclipsed mechanism of Window.As shown in Figure 7, W
1And W
2One eclipsed period is arranged, and length during this period of time is to be T
Overlap, and betiding the incident of adjacent Window overlapping interval, Window estimates the heart beating interval that obtains before and after being used for exactly connecting.Fig. 8 is the process that two Window contact, and (a) among Fig. 8 shows as yet the not W of polyphone
1And W
2, (b) among Fig. 8 then shows W
1And W
2Heart beating sequence of intervals behind the polyphone.Wherein, at W
1And W
2In the heart beating interval that estimates separately, be arranged in the incident E of overlapping interval
5All estimated and be the part in the heart beating interval, then W
1And W
2Just can and the heart beating interval that estimates be continued by this incident generation association.Therefore, utilize this overlapping mechanism, the heart beating interval of a Window and last Window of just can constantly contacting again, and draw segment length's time estimate the heart beating sequence of intervals so that carry out the analysis of heart rate variability of successive heartbeat.
Comprehensive, the method for estimating heart rate variation provided by the present invention comprises the following step: a, utilize a heart rate gauge Collection Events generation signal; B, carry out in a sampling range (Window) that heart beating is interval rebuilds, this heart beating is interval rebuilds the blanking time that comprises step: b1, calculates any two incidents; B2, voted for this blanking time, drop into respectively in the ballot box in the different heart beatings of representative interval; B3, find out the highest ballot box of number of votes obtained, and will drop into this ballot box this blanking time representative the heart beating interval carry out the incident polyphone; C, carrying out equally in a sampling range again that aforementioned heart beating is interval rebuilds, wherein this again a sampling range and this last sampling range have overlapping interval, and this again a sampling range can carry out the heart beating interval by the common event in this overlapping interval with this last sampling range and contact; D, repeating step c are up to the heart beating sequence of intervals of the predetermined segment length's time of contacting out; And e, calculate heart rate variability according to resulting this heart beating sequence of intervals of steps d.
In other words, the present invention utilizes the majority rule voting process to estimate the heart beating interval, to reduce influence of noise, estimate the heart beating sequence of intervals by what the overlapping mechanism of Window was contacted out segment length's time again, and and then calculating heart rate variability parameter, for example SDNN, SDANN, r-MSSD, NN50count and pNN50 or the like.Certainly, being subjected to effect of noise, may comprising noise in the heart beating interval that Window estimates, can't contact in the heart beating interval that causes adjacent Window to estimate, and produces segmental heart beating interval.In this case, the heart beating interval that originally estimates can be kept, and begun to continue the heart beating interval that newly estimates, and in the end carry out heart rate variability when estimating, the interval fragment of the heart beating that respectively estimates is made up, and what form segment length's time estimates the heart beating interval, to reduce error.
For further detecting the accuracy of the method for estimating heart rate variation of the present invention, the normal person's heart beating interval censored data storehouse that provides based on PhysioNet, use Poisson (Poisson) distribution function, under different noise incidence rates, produce noise, and add in normal person's heart beating interval censored data as the simulation test data, carry out estimating of heart rate variability with the inventive method again and calculate halfhour SDNN.The result shows, from the heart rate variability accuracy that test data estimated can drop on 80%～120% tolerance interval, proves effectively estimating heart rate variation of the inventive method.
Find that in simulation test different noise incidence rates can influence the accuracy of the inventive method, but the heart rate variability accuracy that is estimated drops in the tolerance interval still.And the parameter in conversion the inventive method, as the length T of Window
w, Window length overlapping time T
OverlapAnd the B parameter of ballot box size
Shift, also can influence the accuracy of the inventive method, but all have accuracy quite reliably haply, for example work as T
w=4000 milliseconds, T
Overlap=1500 milliseconds and B
Shift=6 o'clock, the heart rate variability that is estimated had 97% to drop in the tolerance interval, and when the noise incidence rate improves, T
OverlapIncrease, also help to reduce the error that noise causes.In certain embodiments, T
wBe preferably 2000～8000 milliseconds, T
OverlapBe preferably 1000～3000 milliseconds.
In addition,, in the time of still can't determining to have the ballot box of maximum polls as if the poll of calculating two adjacent ballot boxes, also can be adjusted to the poll of calculating adjacent three ballot boxes, further utilize this method estimating heart rate variation in the ballot stage.
In sum, the present invention proposes a kind of method of estimating heart rate variation, and the method can be divided into the ballot rank Section and Window series winding stage. In the ballot stage, utilize the regularity of heart rate that the impact of noise is fallen Hang down to rebuild the heartbeat interval, carry out again the connection of heartbeat sequence of intervals by the Window series winding stage, institute The sequence that gets namely can be used for calculating heart rate variability. In addition, the inventive method only need cooperate single conduction heart rate to survey Measuring appratus detects the signal of heartbeat event, has the advantage of low-cost and low electricity needs, and the user Action after wearing is more unrestricted, not only can try to achieve the quite high heart rate variability of accuracy, and work is provided Be the important references of human body health indicator, more can be applicable to health-care center or the old man house of hospital Look after. Therefore, the method for estimating heart rate variation of the present invention has high practicality, in fact is one to have The invention of industrial value is filed an application in accordance with the law.
The present invention must be appointed by those of ordinary skills and executes that the craftsman thinks and be to modify as all, however neither disengaging The scope of the claim of enclosing institute wish protection.
Claims (10)
1. the method for an estimating heart rate variation comprises the following step:
A, utilize a heart rate gauge Collection Events generation signal;
B, carry out in a sampling range that heart beating is interval rebuilds, this heart beating is interval rebuilds the blanking time that comprises step: b1, calculates any two incidents; B2, voted for this blanking time, drop into respectively in the ballot box in the different heart beatings of representative interval; B3, find out the highest ballot box of number of votes obtained, and will drop into this ballot box this blanking time representative the heart beating interval carry out the incident polyphone;
C, carrying out equally in a sampling range again that aforementioned heart beating is interval rebuilds, wherein this again a sampling range and this last sampling range have overlapping interval, and this again a sampling range can carry out the heart beating interval by the common event in this overlapping interval with this last sampling range and contact;
D, repeating step c are up to the heart beating sequence of intervals of the predetermined segment length's time of contacting out; And
E, calculate heart rate variability according to resulting this heart beating sequence of intervals of steps d.
2. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein this heart rate measurement instrument is the single conduction heart rate measurement instrument of a simulation.
3. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein collected signal comprises heartbeat event and signal that noise event produced in step a.
4. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step b2 only at voting the blanking time in reasonable heart beating interval range, then do not vote the blanking time in reasonable heart beating interval range.
5. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 4, wherein this reasonable heart beating interval range is 300～1200 milliseconds.
6. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 5, wherein the interval size definition of this ballot box is the 2Bshift millisecond, and the heart beating interval range of the ballot box that is used for voting should reasonable heart beating interval range be that a plurality of intervals get according to this interval size discrimination.
7. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 6, wherein B
ShiftBe preferably 6.
8. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, two the highest adjacent ballot boxes of number of votes obtained after the highest ballot box of wherein being found out in step b3 of number of votes obtained is the poll addition.
9. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of each sampling range is 2000～8000 milliseconds.
10. the method for estimating heart rate variation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of this overlapping interval is 1000～3000 milliseconds.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102843966A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-12-26 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing a cyclic physiological signal |
| CN110403593A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 新唐科技股份有限公司 | Heart rate method for detecting |
| CN113768516A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-10 | 牛海成 | Artificial intelligence-based electrocardiogram abnormal degree detection method and system |
-
2008
- 2008-05-29 CN CNA2008100999509A patent/CN101589952A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102843966A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-12-26 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing a cyclic physiological signal |
| CN102843966B (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2016-01-20 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | For the treatment of the method and apparatus of cyclic physiological signal |
| CN110403593A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 新唐科技股份有限公司 | Heart rate method for detecting |
| CN110403593B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2022-05-06 | 新唐科技股份有限公司 | Heart rate detection method |
| CN113768516A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-10 | 牛海成 | Artificial intelligence-based electrocardiogram abnormal degree detection method and system |
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Open date: 20091202 |