CN101588081B - Microcomputer lead acid batteries charger - Google Patents
Microcomputer lead acid batteries charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN101588081B CN101588081B CN2009100319533A CN200910031953A CN101588081B CN 101588081 B CN101588081 B CN 101588081B CN 2009100319533 A CN2009100319533 A CN 2009100319533A CN 200910031953 A CN200910031953 A CN 200910031953A CN 101588081 B CN101588081 B CN 101588081B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The objective of the invention is to provide a microcomputer lead acid batteries charger with simple operation, reasonable cost, excellent performance and reliable safety for resloving insuffcient charging or over charging of chargers to batteries, including a commercial power input part, a switch tube, a transformer and an output rectify part connected in turns, between the commercial power inputpart and the switch tube is connected with a PWN forming output part, the output rectify part and the PWN forming output part are connected with a control panel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery charger, be specifically related to a kind of microcomputer lead acid batteries charger.
Background technology
The fixedly charging modes of existing charger and preset parameter cause overcharging of battery easily and owe to fill, this is because intrinsic characteristic and structures shape of lead acid accumulator itself, existing charger adopts syllogic charge mode (as shown in Figure 1), (with the 48V12AH battery is example to battery charge with fixing parameter, the charger charging current 1.8A that matches with it, ceiling voltage 59V, transition electric current 0.35A, float charge voltage 55.2V), the A section is with constant electric current (1.8A) charging, electric current began to descend cell voltage near constant voltage when the electric weight that charges into accounted for 80% left and right sides of battery capacity, charging enters the B section, descend gradually at this stage electric current, voltage is near ceiling voltage (59V), when the electric weight that charges in this stage accounts for the 20%-25% of total capacity, electric current drops to the state switching points (0.35A) of a setting, charger enters C section floating charge state, and voltage becomes a low relatively value (float charge voltage 55.2V), and charger continues charging with very little electric current.
Common charger charging voltage is fixed, different seasonal temperatures is not simultaneously, can form the charging of battery and to overcharge and to owe to fill, have a significant impact the useful life to battery, because battery is the ability to accept difference to charging under different temperature, problem should be made corresponding adjustment to the charging voltage of charger under different temperature hereto.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solve charger to battery owe fill and overcharge, provide a kind of simple to operate, cost rationally, excellent performance, safe and reliable microcomputer lead acid batteries charger.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of microcomputer lead acid batteries charger, comprise the civil power importation, switching tube, transformer and the output rectifying part that connect successively, be connected with PWM between described civil power importation and the switching tube and form output, described output rectifying part and PWM form output and are connected with control board;
The circuit of described control board comprises MCU, the 1st amplifier, the 2nd amplifier, the 3rd amplifier, the 4th amplifier and the 5th amplifier, the 39th resistance, the 40th resistance is connected respectively with 25 pin of MCU, 13 pin of MCU are connected with the 18th resistance, the 18th resistance and the 12nd electric capacity, the 17th resistance connects respectively, the 17th resistance and the 11st electric capacity, and 5 pin of the 4th amplifier connect respectively, 6 pin of the 4th amplifier, 7 pin are connected respectively with the 45th resistance, 5 pin of the 1st amplifier and the 45th resistance, the 22nd resistance, the 21st resistance connects respectively, 6 pin of the 1st amplifier, the 9th diode is connected respectively with the 47th resistance, the 47th resistance is connected with the 8th electric capacity, the 8th electric capacity, 7 pin of the 1st amplifier are connected respectively with the 7th diode, the 9th diode and the 23rd resistance, the 24th resistance connects respectively, the 24th resistance and the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance connects successively, 15 pin of MCU are connected with the 43rd resistance, the 43rd resistance and the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity connects respectively, the 44th resistance, the 14th electric capacity is connected respectively with 10 pin of the 5th amplifier, 9 pin of the 5th amplifier, 10 pin are connected respectively with the 46th resistance, 1 pin of the 46th resistance and the 2nd amplifier, the 19th resistance, the 20th resistance connects respectively, the 20th resistance is connected the back and is connected with the 5V power supply with the 22nd resistance, 2 pin of the 2nd amplifier and the 30th resistance, the 34th resistance connects respectively, the 34th resistance is connected with the 9th electric capacity, the 9th electric capacity, the 8th diode is connected respectively with 3 pin of the 2nd amplifier, the 7th diode connects the 8th diode successively, the 15th resistance, the 15th resistance is connected with the 16th resistance, 24 pin of MCU and the 33rd resistance, the 10th electric capacity, the 30th resistance connects respectively, the 33rd resistance, the 36th resistance is connected respectively with 14 pin of the 3rd amplifier, 12 pin of the 3rd amplifier are connected with the 35th resistance, 23 pin of MCU and the 32nd resistance, the 31st resistance connects respectively, the 31st resistance connects the 28th resistance successively, the 27th resistance, the 27th resistance connects the 26th resistance respectively, the 3rd diode, the 5th electric capacity, 8 pin of MCU are connected with R38;
The 39th resistance is the temperature detection thermistor, be input to MCU with the 40th resistance formation temperature signal, MCU is by handling, form one and the proportional pwm signal of temperature, it is the voltage control pwm signal, MCU output voltage control pwm signal is by the 17th resistance, the 18th resistance, the 11st electric capacity, the 12nd electric capacity is to the 4th amplifier input direct voltage, the 4th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 1st amplifier positive input by the 45th resistance, the 1st amplifier positive input is by the 21st resistance simultaneously, the 22nd resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the negative input of the 1st amplifier is by the 24th resistance, the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance, the 23rd resistance, the 9th diode is connected with the 3rd diode and obtains the voltage of battery charge, the output of the 1st amplifier is connected with the 2nd integrated circuit by the 7th diode, remove to control the suitable pwm signal of the 2nd integrated circuit output, control the switch of the 1st triode, make the output voltage of charger controlled;
MCU output current pwm signal is by the 43rd resistance, the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity, the 14th electric capacity is to the 5th amplifier input direct voltage, the 5th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 2nd amplifier positive input by the 46th resistance, the 2nd amplifier positive input is by the 19th resistance simultaneously, the 20th resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the negative input of the 2nd amplifier is by the 30th resistance, the 33rd resistance is connected with the 3rd amplifier, the 3rd amplifier is connected the electric current that obtains battery charge by the 35th resistance with the 29th resistance, the output of the 2nd amplifier is connected with IC2 by D8, remove the suitable pwm signal of control IC 1 output, the switch of control Q1 makes the output current of charger controlled.
For solve charger to battery owe fill and overcharge; effective method is that charging voltage is carried out temperature-compensating the most; and the monitoring and protection of single-chip microcomputer; just on the circuit base of common charger; increase a singlechip microcontroller chip; when charger was connected with the mains, the testing environment temperature configured charging voltage then.The present electric motor car overwhelming majority is still based on lead acid accumulator, and the lead acid accumulator monomer voltage is 12V, is 25 14.75V of charging voltage when spending in temperature.On this basis, to voltage apply a penalty coefficient (3MV)-(4MV), summer, voltage was turned down, and winter, voltage was heightened, and was fully adapting under the situation of battery charge characteristic, effectively extending battery life.
One, the temperature-compensating of charger charge parameter
The ceiling voltage of charger (being the constant voltage value) applies a penalty coefficient (3MV/ lattice) with temperature, and during 25 ℃ of ambient temperatures, the maximum charging voltage of 12V battery is 14.7-14.8V.During ambient temperature-10 ℃, ceiling voltage should be 15.20-15.30V, and temperature low-voltage more no longer raises.During 40 ℃ of ambient temperatures, ceiling voltage should be 14.4-14.5V, and temperature high voltage more no longer reduces.The voltage that is charger B section latter stage is adjusted accordingly according to temperature, can significantly reduce the dehydration of battery when summer.
The voltage that charger enters after the C section also should be adjusted accordingly according to temperature, applies a penalty coefficient (3MV/ lattice) with temperature, and during 25 ℃ of ambient temperatures, the maximum charging voltage of 12V battery is 13.7-13.8V.During ambient temperature-10 ℃, voltage should be 14.3-14.4V.During 40 ℃ of ambient temperatures, ceiling voltage should be 13.5-13.6V.Enter the C section after 3 hours, cut off fully and being connected of battery, stop to charge.
Two, microcomputer monitoring protection
The electric weight that the A section charges in the charging process is maximum, during near constant pressure point, if cell degradation is serious, when dehydration is too much, may cause charging current not descend, cell voltage can not rise can't be near constant pressure point, if be in this state for a long time, the battery bulging of can generating heat is damaged, at this section single-chip microcomputer standby current (1.8A), and computing time, adaptive charger and battery, this time generally can descend gradually 6 hours (the supposition battery discharges fully) charging currents when battery performance was better, if electric current is after 7 hours, still near 1.8A (the charging total amount reaches 1.1 times of battery capacity), single-chip microcomputer is just reduced to float charge voltage with charger voltage by force, skips the B section.
Charging current begins to descend (promptly normally entering the B section) from constant current, well behaved battery, and charging current descends gradually and reaches transition electric current (0.35A), and charger enters floating charge state.In this charging process, the gassing of battery is maximum.When the battery dehydration was arrived to a certain degree, the charging current in this stage changes in time can not form original specific curve, and fluctuation can occur, and be parked on certain value, even can have a rebound, the battery heating, common charger can be out of hand fully.For avoiding this problem, can take following several method: the B stage charges into the 20%-25% that electric weight accounts for entire capacity, at this stage single-chip microcomputer standby current, and to electric current integration in time, when electric weight reaches 25%, changes floating charge.Timing when the B stage begins if can not enter floating charge in 3 hours, is then changeed floating charge.Should descend gradually in this stage charging current, if electric current has a rebound, and the duration surpass 10 minutes, charger enters floating charge state.
In sum, the conclusion form is as follows:
Three, the self-protection of charger
When the charger internal temperature reaches more than 60 ℃, start cooling fan, fan shut down when temperature dropped to below 40 ℃, and fan life is prolonged like this.
If when certain reason (time being capped as charging) causes the charger internal temperature to surpass 80 ℃, charger will change floating charge over to, stop charging.
Occur changing if the voltage control division of charger self divides, cause charging voltage too high, charger stops charging and gives the demonstration of being out of order (traffic lights are simultaneously bright).
When the not timing of both positive and negative polarity of battery plus-negative plate and charger, charger is in wait state (red green indicator light is flicker alternately).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: charger of the present invention has solved the problem that overcharges and owe to fill of battery, can improve the performance of charger, prolongs the useful life of battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing charger charge mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2: a kind of microcomputer lead acid batteries charger, comprise the civil power importation 1, switching tube 3, transformer 4 and the output rectifying part 5 that connect successively, be connected with PWM between described civil power importation 1 and the switching tube 3 and form output 2, described output rectifying part 5 forms output 2 with PWM and is connected with control board 6;
The 220V electric main links to each other with the 1st amplifier, the 3rd capacitor filtering formation 300V direct voltage is connected with B1 after the rectification, 300V is connected with the 1st integrated circuit by the 1st resistance, the 4th resistance, the pwm signal that the 1st integrated circuit forms is connected with the 1st triode by the 8th circuit, and the output voltage that transformer forms forms the voltage that charges the battery by the 3rd diode rectification.
The circuit of described control board 6 comprises MCU, the 1st amplifier, the 2nd amplifier, the 3rd amplifier, the 4th amplifier and the 5th amplifier, the 39th resistance, the 40th resistance is connected respectively with 25 pin of MCU, 13 pin of MCU are connected with the 18th resistance, the 18th resistance and the 12nd electric capacity, the 17th resistance connects respectively, the 17th resistance and the 11st electric capacity, and 5 pin of the 4th amplifier connect respectively, 6 pin of the 4th amplifier, 7 pin are connected respectively with the 45th resistance, 5 pin spaces the 45th resistance of the 1st amplifier, the 22nd resistance, the 21st resistance connects respectively, 6 pin of the 1st amplifier, the 9th diode is connected respectively with the 47th resistance, the 47th resistance is connected with the 8th electric capacity, the 8th electric capacity, 7 pin of the 1st amplifier are connected respectively with the 7th diode, the 9th diode and the 23rd resistance, the 24th resistance connects respectively, the 24th resistance and the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance connects successively, 15 pin of MCU are connected with the 43rd resistance, the 43rd resistance and the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity connects respectively, the 44th resistance, the 14th electric capacity is connected respectively with 10 pin of the 5th amplifier, 9 pin of the 5th amplifier, 10 pin are connected respectively with the 46th resistance, 1 pin of the 46th resistance and the 2nd amplifier, the 19th resistance, the 20th resistance connects respectively, the 20th resistance is connected with the 22nd resistance and is connected with the 5V power supply simultaneously, 2 pin of the 2nd amplifier and the 30th resistance, the 34th resistance connects respectively, the 34th resistance is connected with the 9th electric capacity, the 9th electric capacity, the 8th diode is connected respectively with 3 pin of the 2nd amplifier, the 7th diode connects the 8th diode successively, the 15th resistance, the 15th resistance is connected with the 16th resistance, 24 pin of MCU and the 33rd resistance, the 10th electric capacity, the 30th resistance connects respectively, the 33rd resistance, the 36th resistance is connected respectively with 14 pin of the 3rd amplifier, 12 pin of the 3rd amplifier are connected with the 35th resistance, 23 pin of MCU and the 32nd resistance, the 31st resistance connects respectively, the 31st resistance connects the 28th resistance successively, the 27th resistance, the 27th resistance connects the 26th resistance respectively, the 3rd diode, the 5th electric capacity, 8 pin of MCU are connected with the 38th resistance;
The 39th resistance is the temperature detection thermistor, be input to MCU with the 40th resistance formation temperature signal, MCU is by handling, form one and the proportional pwm signal of temperature, it is the voltage control pwm signal, MCU output voltage control pwm signal is by the 17th resistance, the 18th resistance, the 11st electric capacity, the 12nd electric capacity is to the 4th amplifier input direct voltage, the 4th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 1st amplifier positive input by the 45th resistance, the 1st amplifier positive input is by the 21st resistance simultaneously, the 22nd resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the negative input of the 1st amplifier is by the 24th resistance, the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance, the 23rd resistance, the 9th diode is connected with the 3rd diode and obtains the voltage of battery charge, the output of the 1st amplifier is connected with the 2nd integrated circuit by the 7th diode, remove to control the suitable pwm signal of the 2nd integrated circuit output, control the switch of the 1st triode, make the output voltage of charger controlled;
MCU output current pwm signal is by the 43rd resistance, the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity, the 14th electric capacity is to the 5th amplifier input direct voltage, the 5th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 2nd amplifier positive input by the 46th resistance, the 2nd amplifier positive input is by the 19th resistance simultaneously, the 20th resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the negative input of the 2nd amplifier is by R30 resistance, R33 resistance is connected with the 3rd amplifier, the 3rd amplifier is connected the electric current that obtains battery charge by the 35th resistance with the 29th resistance, the output of the 2nd amplifier is connected with integrated circuit 2 by the 8th diode, remove the suitable pwm signal of control integrated circuit 1 output, the switch of control switch pipe 1 makes the output current of charger controlled.
Claims (1)
1. microcomputer lead acid batteries charger, comprise the civil power importation, switching tube, transformer and the output rectifying part that connect successively, be connected with PWM between described civil power importation and the switching tube and form output, it is characterized in that: described output rectifying part and PWM form output and are connected with control board;
The circuit of described control board comprises MCU, the 1st amplifier, the 2nd amplifier, the 3rd amplifier, the 4th amplifier and the 5th amplifier, the 39th resistance, the 40th resistance is connected respectively with 25 pin of MCU, 13 pin of MCU are connected with the 18th resistance, the 18th resistance and the 12nd electric capacity, the 17th resistance connects respectively, the 17th resistance and the 11st electric capacity, and the positive input terminal of the 4th amplifier connects respectively, the negative input end of the 4th amplifier, output is connected respectively with the 45th resistance, the positive input terminal of the 1st amplifier and the 45th resistance, the 22nd resistance, the 21st resistance connects respectively, the negative input end of the 1st amplifier, the negative electrode of the 9th diode is connected respectively with the 47th resistance, the 47th resistance is connected with the 8th electric capacity, the 8th electric capacity, the output of the 1st amplifier is connected respectively with the negative electrode of the 7th diode, the anode of the 9th diode and the 23rd resistance, the 24th resistance connects respectively, the 24th resistance and the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance connects successively, 15 pin of MCU are connected with the 43rd resistance, the 43rd resistance and the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity connects respectively, the 44th resistance, the 14th electric capacity is connected respectively with the positive input terminal of the 5th amplifier, the negative input end of the 5th amplifier, output is connected respectively with the 46th resistance, the positive input terminal of the 46th resistance and the 2nd amplifier, the 19th resistance, the 20th resistance connects respectively, the 20th resistance is connected the back and is connected with the 5V power supply with the 22nd resistance, the negative input end of the 2nd amplifier and the 30th resistance, the 34th resistance connects respectively, the 34th resistance is connected with the 9th electric capacity, the 9th electric capacity, the 8th diode cathode is connected respectively with the output of the 2nd amplifier, the anode of the 7th diode connects the anode of the 8th diode successively, the 15th resistance, the 15th resistance is connected with the 16th resistance, 24 pin of MCU and the 33rd resistance, the 10th electric capacity, the 30th resistance connects respectively, the 33rd resistance, the 36th resistance is connected respectively with the output of the 3rd amplifier, the positive input terminal of the 3rd amplifier is connected with the 35th resistance, 23 pin of MCU and the 32nd resistance, the 31st resistance connects respectively, the 31st resistance connects the 28th resistance successively, the 27th resistance, the 27th resistance connects the 26th resistance respectively, the negative electrode of the 3rd diode, the 5th electric capacity, 8 pin of MCU are connected with the 38th resistance;
The 39th resistance is the temperature detection thermistor, be input to MCU with the 40th resistance formation temperature signal, MCU is by handling, form one and the proportional pwm signal of temperature, it is the voltage control pwm signal, MCU output voltage control pwm signal is by the 17th resistance, the 18th resistance, the 11st electric capacity, the 12nd electric capacity is to the 4th amplifier positive input terminal input direct voltage, the 4th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 1st amplifier positive input terminal by the 45th resistance, the 1st amplifier positive input terminal is by the 21st resistance simultaneously, the 22nd resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the 1st amplifier negative input end is by the 24th resistance, the 25th resistance, the 26th resistance, the 23rd resistance, the 9th diode is connected with the 3rd diode cathode and obtains the voltage of battery charge, the output of the 1st amplifier is connected with the 2nd integrated circuit by the 7th diode, remove to control the suitable pwm signal of the 2nd integrated circuit output, control the switch of the 1st triode, make the output voltage of charger controlled;
MCU output current pwm signal is by the 43rd resistance, the 44th resistance, the 13rd electric capacity, the 14th electric capacity is to the 5th amplifier positive input terminal input direct voltage, the 5th amplifier just export one stably voltage be connected with the 2nd amplifier positive input terminal by the 46th resistance, the 2nd amplifier positive input terminal is by the 19th resistance simultaneously, the 20th resistance is connected with the 5V power supply, the 2nd amplifier negative input end is by the 30th resistance, the 33rd resistance is connected with the 3rd amplifier out, the 3rd amplifier positive input terminal is connected the electric current that obtains battery charge by the 35th resistance with the 29th resistance, the output of the 2nd amplifier is connected with the 2nd integrated circuit by the 8th diode, remove to control the suitable pwm signal of the 1st integrated circuit output, control the switch of the 1st triode, make the output current of charger controlled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100319533A CN101588081B (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2009-07-06 | Microcomputer lead acid batteries charger |
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| CN2009100319533A CN101588081B (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2009-07-06 | Microcomputer lead acid batteries charger |
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| CN101588081A CN101588081A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| CN101588081B true CN101588081B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106655436A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 苏州格远电气有限公司 | Charging apparatus and charging control method for backup power supply of wind power variable pitch system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106787064A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州格远电气有限公司 | Wind turbine pitch system charging control circuit |
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2009
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| CN1215941A (en) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-05-05 | 北京赛伯能源技术有限责任公司 | Fast storage battery charging method and device |
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